New insights into nocturnal nucleation

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 12, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 4297-4312

  Ortega, I K ^a   Suni, T ^a   Boy, M ^a   Gronholm T ^a   Manninen, H E ^a   Nieminen, T ^a   Ehn, M ^a   Junninen, H ^a   Hakola, H ^b   Hellen H ^b   Valmari, T ^c   Arvela, H ^c   Zegelin, S ^d   Hughes, D ^d   Kitchen, M ^d   Cleugh, H ^d   Worsnop, D R ^a   Kulmala, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^c STUK RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY   (Finland)

^d CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL FORMATION; MODELING; MONOTERPENE; NUCLEATION; OXIDATION;

EID: 84862075106     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-4297-2012     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Aalto, P., Hämeri, K., Becker, E., Weber, R., Salm, J., Mäkelä, J. M., Hoell, C., O'Dowd, C.D., Karlsson, H., Hansson, H.-C., Väkevä, M., Koponen, I. K., Buzorius, G. and Kulmala, M.: Physical characterization of aerosol particles during nucleation events, Tellus, 53B, 344-358, 2001. (Pubitemid 32895233)
2. Ahlrichs, R., Bär, M., Häser, J., Horn, H., and Kölmel C.: Electronic structure calculations on workstation computers: the program system TURBOMOLE, Chem. Phys. Lett., 162, 165-169, 1989.
3. Aschman, S., Arey, J., and Atkinson, R.: OH radical formation from the gas-phase reactions of O3 with a series of terpenes, Atmos. Environ., 36, 4347-4355, 2002.
4. Bahreini, R.: Measurements of SOA from oxidation of cy-cloalkenes, terpenes, and m-xylene using an AMS, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 5674-5688, 2005.
5. Boy, M., Hellmuth, O., Korhonen, H., Nilsson, E. D., ReVelle, D., Turnipseed, A., Arnold, F., and Kulmala, M.: MALTE-model to predict new aerosol formation in the lower troposphere, At-mos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4499-4517, doi:10.5194/acp-6-4499-2006, 2006. (Pubitemid 44536589)
6. Boy, M., Kazil, J., Lovejoy, E. R., Korhonen, H., Guenther, A., and Kulmala, M.: Relevance of ion-induced nucleation of sulphuric acid and water in the lower troposphere over the boreal forest at northern latitudes, Atmos. Res., 90, 151-158, 2008.
7. Brown, S. S., Dube, W. P., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., Atlas, E., Wameke, C., de Gouw, J. A., te Lintel Hekkert, S., Brock, C. A., Flocke, F., Trainer, M., Parrish, D. M., Feshenfeld, F. C., and Ravishankara, A. R.: Budgets for nocturnal VOC oxidation by nitrate radicals aloft during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D24305, doi:10.1029/2011JD016544, 2011.
8. Calogirou, A., Larsen, B. R., and Kotzias, D.: Gas-Phase terpene oxidation products: a review, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1423-1439, 1998.
9. Canagaratna, A., Jayne, J. T., Jimenez, J.-L., Allan, J. D., Alfarra, M. R., Zhang, Q., Onasch, T. B., Drewnick, F., Coe, H., Middle-brook, A., Delia, A., Williams, L. R., Trimborn, A. M., North-way, M. J., DeCarlo, P. F., Kolb, C. E., Davidovits, P., and Worsnop, D.R.: Chemical and microphysical characterization of ambient aerosols with the AMS, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 26, 185-222, 2007. (Pubitemid 46491711)
10. Dal Maso, M., Sogacheva, L., Aalto, P. P., Riipinen, I., Komp-pula, M., Tunved, P., Korhonen, L., Suur-Uski, V., Hirsikko, A., Kurtén, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Lihavainen, H., Viisanen, Y., Hans-son, H.-C., and Kulmala, M.: Aerosol size distribution measurements at four Nordic field stations: identification, analysis and trajectory analysis of new particle formation bursts, Tellus, 59B, 350-361, 2007. (Pubitemid 47193279)
11. Donahue, N. M., Kroll, J. H., Pandis, S. N., and Robinson, A. L.: A two-dimensional volatility basis set-Part 2: Diagnostics of organic-aerosol evolution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 615-634, doi:10.5194/acp-12-615-2012, 2012.
12. Dunning Jr., T. H., Peterson, K. A., and Wilson, A. K.: Gaussian basis sets for use in correlated molecular calculations. X. The atoms aluminum through argon revisited, J. Chem. Phys., 114, 9244-9253, 2001. (Pubitemid 32535594)
13. Ehn, M., Vuollekoski, H., Petäjä, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Vana, M., Aalto, P., de Leeuw, G., Ceburnis, D., Dupuy, R., O'Dowd, C. D., and Kulmala, M.: Growth rates during coastal and marine new particle formation in Western Ireland, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D18218, doi:10.1029/2010JD014292, 2010.
14. Feyereisen, M., Fitzgerald, G., and Komornicki, A.: Use of Approximate integrals in ab initio theory. An application in MP2 energy calculations, Chem. Phys. Lett., 208, 359-363, 1993.
15. Glasius, M., Lahaniati, M., Calogirou, A., Di Bella, D., Jensen, N. R., Hjorth, J., Kotzias, D., and Larsen, B. R.: Carboxylic acids in secondary aerosol from oxidation of cyclic monoterpenes by ozone, Environ. Sci. Technol., 34, 1001-1010, 2000. (Pubitemid 30155202)
16. Hansen, J., Sato, M., Kharecha, P., and von Schuckmann, K.: Earth's energy imbalance and implications, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 13421-13449, doi:10.5194/acp-11-13421-2011, 2011.
17. Hirsikko, A., Laakso, L., Hõrrak, U., Aalto, P. P., Kerminen, V.-M., and Kulmala M.: Annual and size dependent variation of growth rates and ion concentrations in boreal forest, Boreal Enviiron. Res., 10, 357-369, 2005. (Pubitemid 41587375)
18. Jokinen, V. and Mäkelä, J.: Closed loop arrangement with critical orifice for DMA sheath/excess flow system, J. Aerosol Sci., 28, 643-648, 1996. (Pubitemid 27168515)
19. Junninen, H., Hulkkonen, M., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., Hirsikko, A., Suni, T., Boy, M., Lee, S.-H., Vana, M., Tammet, H., Kermi-nen, V.-M., and Kulmala, M.: Observations on nocturnal growth of atmospheric clusters, Tellus, 60B, 365-371, 2008.
20. Kazil, J., Stier, P., Zhang, K., Quaas, J., Kinne, S., O'Donnell, D., Rast, S., Esch, M., Ferrachat, S., Lohmann, U., and Feichter, J.: Aerosol nucleation and its role for clouds and Earth's radiative forcing in the aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10733-10752, doi:10.5194/acp-10-10733-2010, 2010.
21. Kerminen, V.-M., Anttila, T., Petäjä, T., Laakso, L., Gagné, S., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and Kulmala, M.: Charging state of the atmospheric nucleation mode: Implications for separating neutral and ion-induced nucleation, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D21205, doi:10.1029/2007JD008649, 2007.
22. Kerminen, V.-M., Petäjä, T., Manninen, H. E., Paasonen, P., Niemi-nen, T., Sipilä, M., Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Gagné, S, Laakso, L., Riipinen, I., Vehkamäki, H., Kurtén, T., Ortega, I. K., Dal Maso, M., Brus, D., Hyvärinen, A., Lihavainen, H., Leppä, J., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Mirme, A., Mirme, S., Hõrrak, U., Berndt, T., Stratmann, F., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Metzger, A., Dommen, J., Bal-tensperger, U., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Mentel, T. F., Wildt, J., Win-kler, P. M., Wagner, P. E., Petzold, A., Minikin, A., Plass-Dülmer, C., Pöschl, U., Laaksonen, A., and Kulmala, M.: Atmospheric nucleation: highlights of the EUCAARI project and future directions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10829-10848, 2010, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/10829/2010/.
23. Korhonen, H., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and Kulmala, M.: Multicompo-nent aerosol dynamics model UHMA: model development and validation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 471-506, doi:10.5194/acp-4-417-2004, 2004.
24. Kroll, J. H. and Seinfeld, J. H.: Chemistry of secondary organic aerosol: Formation and evolution of low-volatility organics in the atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 42, 3593-3624, 2008.
25. Kulmala, M. and Kerminen, V.-M.: On the growth of atmospheric nanoparticles, Atmos. Res., 90, 132-150, 2008.
26. Kulmala, M., Vehkamäki, H., Petäjä, T., Dal Maso, M., Lauri, A., Kerminen V.-M., Birmili, W., and McMurry, P. H.: Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations, J. Aerosol. Sci., 35, 143-176, 2004. (Pubitemid 38115144)
27. Kulmala, M., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and Laaksonen, A.: Cluster activation theory as an explanation of the linear dependence between formation rate of 3 nm particles and sulphuric acid concentration, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 787-793, doi:10.5194/acp-6-787-2006, 2006.
28. Kulmala, M., Riipinen, I., Sipilä, M., Manninen, H. E., Petäjä, T., Junninen, H., Dal Maso, M., Mordas, G., Mirme, A., Vana, M., Hirsikko, A., Laakso, L., Harrison, R. M., Hanson, I., Leung, C., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and Kerminen, V.-M.: Toward direct measurement of atmospheric nucleation, Science, 318, 89-92, 2007. (Pubitemid 47538037)
29. Lauros, J., Sogachev, A., Smolander, S., Vuollekoski, H., Sihto, S.-L., Mammarella, I., Laakso, L., Rannik, Ü., and Boy, M.: Particle concentration and flux dynamics in the atmospheric boundary layer as the indicator of formation mechanism, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5591-5601, doi:10.5194/acp-11-5591- 2011, 2011.
30. Lee, S.-H., Young, L.-H., Benson, D. R., Suni, T., Kulmala, M., Jun-ninen, H., Campos, T. L., Rogers, D. C., and Jensen, J.: Observations of nighttime new particle formation in the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10210, doi:10.1029/2007JD009351, 2008.
31. Leppä, J., Kerminen, V.-M., Laakso, L., Korhonen, H., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Gagne, S., Manninen, H. E., Nieminen, T., and Kulmala, M.: Ion-UHMA: a model for simulating the dynamics of neutral and charged aerosol particles, Boreal Environ. Res., 14, 559-575, 2009.
32. Makkonen, R., Asmi, A., Korhonen, H., Kokkola, H., Järvenoja, S., Räisänen, P., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Laaksonen, A., Kerminen, V.-M., Järvinen, H., Lohmann, U., Bennartz, R., Feichter, J., and Kulmala, M.: Sensitivity of aerosol concentrations and cloud properties to nucleation and secondary organic distribution in ECHAM5-HAM global circulation model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1747-1766, doi:10.5194/acp-9-1747-2009, 2009.
33. Manninen, H. E., Petäjä, T., Asmi, E., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., Mikkilä, J., Hõrrak, U., Mirme, A., Mirme, S., Laakso, L., Ker-minen, V.-M., and Kulmala, M.: Long-term field measurements of charged and neutral clusters using Neutral cluster and Air Ion Spectrometer (NAIS), Boreal Environ. Res., 14, 591-605, 2009.
34. Manninen, H. E., Nieminen, T., Asmi, E., Gagné, S., Häkkinen, S., Lehtipalo, K., Aalto, P., Vana, M., Mirme, A., Mirme, S., Hõrrak, U., Plass-Dülmer, C., Stange, G., Kiss, G., Hoffer, A., Töro, N., Moermann, M., Henzing, B., de Leeuw, G., Brinkenberg, M., Kouvarakis, G.N., Bougiatioti, K., Mihalopoulos, N., O'Dowd, C., Ceburnis, D., Arneth, A., Svenningsson, B., Swietlicki, E., Tarozzi, L., Decesari, S., Facchini, M.C., Birmili, W., Sonntag, A., Wiedensohler, A., Boulon, J., Sellegri, K., Laj, P., Gysel, M., Bukowiecki, N., Weingartner, E., Laaksonen, A., Hamed, A., Joutsensaari, J., Petäjä, T., Kerminen, V.-M., and Kulmala, M.: EUCAARI ion spectrometer measurements at 12 European sites-analysis of new-particle formation events, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7907-7927, doi:10.5194/acp-10-7907-2010, 2010.
35. Metzger, A., Verheggen, B., Dommen, J., Duplissy, J., Prevot, A. S. H., Weingartner, E., Riipinen, I., Kulmala, M., Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., and Baltensperger, U.: Evidence for the role of organics in aerosol particle formation under atmospheric conditions, P. Natl. Acad. Sci., 107, 6646-6651, 2010.
36. Miehlich, B., Savin, A., Stoll, H., and Preuss, H.: Results obtained with the correlation-energy density functionals of Becke and Lee, Yang and Parr, Chem. Phys. Lett., 157, 200-206, 1989.
37. Myhre, G.: Consistency between satellite-derived and modeled estimates of the direct aerosol effect, Science, 325, 187-190, 2009.
38. Ortega, I. K., Kurtén, T., Vehkamäki, H., and Kulmala, M.: The role of ammonia in sulphuric acid ion induced nucleation, At-mos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2859-2867, doi:10.5194/acp-8-2859-2008, 2008.
39. Ortega, I. K., Suni, T, Grönholm, T, Boy, M, Hakola, H., Hellen, H., Valmari, T., Arvela H., Vehkamäki, H., and Kulmala M.: Is eucalyptol the cause of nocturnal events observed in Australia, Boreal Environ. Res., 14, 606-615, 2009.
40. Paasonen, P., Nieminen, T., Asmi, E., Manninen, H. E., Petaja, T., Plass-Dulmer, C., Flentje, H., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Horrak, U., Metzger, A., Hamed, A., Laaksonen, A., Facchini, M. C., Kerminen V. M., and Kulmala, M.: On the roles of sulphuric acid and low-volatility organic vapours in the initial steps of atmospheric new particle formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11223-11242, doi:10.5194/acp-10-11223-2010, 2010.
41. Quaas J., Ming, Y. Menon, S., Takemura, T., Wang, M., Pen-ner, J. E., Gettelman, A., Lohmann, U., Bellouin, N., Boucher, O., Sayer, A. M., Thomas, G. E., McComiskey, A., Feingold, G., Hoose, C., Kristjánsson, J. E., Liu, X., Balkanski, Y., Donner, L. J., Ginoux, P. A., Stier, P., Grandey, B., Feichter, J., Sednev, I., Bauer, S.E., Koch, D., Grainger, R. G., Kirkevág, A., Iversen, T., Seland, Ø., Easter, R., Ghan, S. J., Rasch, P. J., Morrison, H., Lamarque, J.-F., Iacono, M. J., Kinne, S., and Schulz, M.: Aerosol indirect effects-general circulation model intercom-parison and evaluation with satellite data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8697-8717, doi:10.5194/acp-9-8697-2009, 2009.
42. Radhakrishnan, K. and Hindmarsh, A. C.: Description and Use of LSODE, the Livermore Solver for Ordinary Differential Equations, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory report, UCRL-ID-113855, 1993.
43. Sandu, A. and Sanders, R.:Technical note: Simulating chemical systems in Fortran90 and Matlab with the Kinetic PreProcessor KPP-2.1, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 187-195, doi:10.5194/acp-6-187-2006, 2006. (Pubitemid 43263654)
44. Sandu, A., Verwer, J. G., Loon, M. V., Carmichael, G. R., Potra, F. A., and Dabdub, D.: Benchmarking stiff ode solvers for atmospheric chemistry problems-I. implicit vs. explicit, Atmos. Environ., 31, 3151-3166, 1997. (Pubitemid 27361815)
45. Sipilä, M., Berndt, T., Petäjä, T., Brus, D., Vanhanen, J., Stra-mann, F., Patokoski, J., Mauldin III, R. L., Hyvärinen, A.-P., Lihavainen, H., and Kulmala, M.: The role of sulfu-ric acid in atmospheric nucleation, Science, 327, 1243-1246, doi:10.1126/science.1180315, 2010.
46. Soler, J. M., Artacho, E., Gale, J. D., Garcia, A., Junquera, J., Or-dejon, P., and Sanchez-Portal, D.: The SIESTA method for ab initio order-N materials simulation, J. Phys-Condens. Mat., 14, 2745-2779, 2002. (Pubitemid 34288362)
47. Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V.-M., Mann, G. W., and Sihto, S.-L.: The contribution of boundary layer nucleation events to total particle concentrations on regional and global scales, Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6, 5631-5648, doi:10.5194/acp-6-5631-2006, 2006. (Pubitemid 44968885)
48. Suni, T., Kulmala, M., Hirsikko, A., Bergman, T., Laakso, L., Aalto, P. P., Leuning, R., Cleugh, H., Zegelin, S., Hughes, D., van Gorsel, E., Kitchen, M., Vana, M., Hõrrak, U., Mirme, S., Mirme, A., Sevanto, S., Twining, J., and Tadros, C.: Formation and characteristics of ions and charged aerosol particles in a native Australian Eucalypt forest, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 129-139, doi:10.5194/acp-8-129-2008, 2008.
49. Svenningsson, B., Arneth A., Hayward, S., Holst T., Massling A., Swietlicki E., Hirsikko, A., Junninen, H., Riipinen I., Vana, M., Dal Maso, M., Hussein, T., and Kulmala, M.: Aerosol particle formation events and analysis of high growth rates observed above a subarctic wetland-forest mosaic, Tellus, 60B, 353-364, 2008.
50. Vehkamäki, H., Dal Maso, M., Hussein, T., Flanagan, R., Hyvärinen, A., Lauros, J., Merikanto, J., Mönkkönen, P., Pih-latie, M., Salminen, K., Sogacheva, L., Thum, T., Ruuskanen, T. M., Keronen, P., Aalto, P. P., Hari, P., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rannik, Ü. and Kulmala, M.: Atmospheric particle formation events at Värriö measurement station in Finnish Lapland 1998-2002. At-mos. Phys. Chem. 4, 2015-2023, doi:10.5194/acp-4-2015-2004, 2004. (Pubitemid 39437535)
51. Wavefunction, Inc.: Spartan '06 Windows, Wavefunction, Inc. Irvine, CA, USA, http://wavefun.com, 2006.
52. Wiedensohler, A., Hansson, H.-C., Orsini, D., Wendisch, M., Wagner, F., and co-authors: Night-time formation and occurrence of new particles associated with orographic clouds, Atmos. Environ., 31, 2545-2559, 1997.
53. Yu, F., Luo, G., Bates, T. S., Anderson, T., Clarke, A., Ka-pustin, V., Yantosca, R. M., Wang, Y., and Wu, S.: Spatial distributions of particle number concentrations in the global troposphere: Simulations, observations, and implications for nucleation mechanisms, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D17205, doi:10.1029/2009JD013473, 2010.