Charging state of the atmospheric nucleation mode: Implications for separating neutral and ion-induced nucleation

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 112, Issue 21, 2007, Pages

  Kerminen, Veli Matti ^a   Anttila, Tatu ^a   Petäjä, Tuukka ^b   Laakso, Lauri ^b   Gagné, Stéphanie ^b   Lehtinen, Kari E J ^a,c   Kulmala, Markku ^b  

^a FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; GROWTH RATE; METEOROLOGY; NUCLEATION;

AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY; ION; NUCLEATION;

EID: 38549114986     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2007JD008649     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Adams, P. J., and J. H. Seinfeld (2002), Predicting global aerosol size distributions in general circulation models, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D19), 4370, doi:10.1029/2001JD001010.
2. Dal Maso, M., M. Kulmala, I. Riipinen, R. Wagner, T. Hussein, P. P. Aalto, and K. E. J. Lehtinen (2005), Formation. and growth of fresh atmospheric aerosols: Eight years of aerosol size distribution data from SMEAR II, Hyytiälä, Finland, Boreal Environ. Res., 10, 323-336.
3. Eisele, F. L., E. R. Lovejoy, E. Kosciuch, K. F. Moore, R. L. Mauldin, J. N. Smith III, P. H. McMurry, and K. Iida (2006), Negative atmospheric ions and their potential role in ion-induced nucleation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D04305, doi:10.1029/2005JD006568.
4. Hari, P., and M. Kulmala (2005), Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations (SMEAR II), Boreal Environ. Res., 10, 315-322.
5. Hirsikko, A., L. Laakso, U. Hérrak, P. Aalto, V.-M. Kerminen, and M. Kulmala (2005), Annual and size dependent variation of growth rates and ion concentrations in boreal forest, Boreal Environ. Res., 10, 357-369.
6. Hoppel, W. A., and G. M. Frick (1986), Ion-aerosol attachment coefficients and the steady-state charge distribution on aerosols in a bipolar ion environment, Atmos. Environ., 5, 1-21.
7. Hõrrak, U., J. Salm, and H. Tammet (1998), Bursts of intermediate ions in atmospheric air, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,909-13,915.
8. Hõrrak, U., J. Salm, and H. Tammet (2003), Diurnal variation in the concentration of air ions of different mobility classes in a rural area, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D20), 4653, doi:10.1029/2002JD003240.
9. Iida, K., M. Stolzenburg, P. McMurry, M. Dunn, J. Smith, F. Eisele, and P. Keady (2006), Contribution of ion-induced nucleation to new particle formation: Methodology and its application to atmospheric observations in Boulder, Colorado, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D23201, doi:10.1029/ 2006JD007167.
10. Israel, H. (1970), Atmospheric Electricity, vol 1: Fundamentals, Conductivity, Ions, Israel Program for Sci. Translations, Jerusalem.
11. Israel, H. (1973), Atmospheric Electricity, vol 2: Fields, Charges, Currents, Israel Program for Sci. Translations, Jerusalem.
12. Kanawade, V., and S. N. Tripathi (2006), Evidence for the role of ion-induced particle formation during an atmospheric nucleation event observed in Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE), J. Geophys. Res., 111, D02209, doi:10.1029/2005JD006366.
13. Kazil, J., and E. R. Lovejoy (2004), Tropospheric ionization and aerosol production: A model study, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D19206, doi:10.1029/2004JD004852.
14. Kerminen, V.-M., and M. Kulmala (2002), Analytical formulae connecting the "real" and the "apparent" nucleation rate and the nuclei number concentration for atmospheric nucleation events, J. Aerosol Sci., 33, 609-622.
15. Kerminen, V.-M., K. E. J. Lehtinen, T. Anttila, and M. Kulmala (2004), Dynamics of atmospheric nucleation mode particles: A time scale analysis, Tellus, Ser B, 56, 135-146.
16. Kerminen, V.-M., H. Lihavainen, M. Komppula, Y. Viisanen, and M. Kulmala (2005), Direct observational evidence linking atmospheric aerosol formation and cloud droplet activation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14803, doi:10.1029/2005GL023130.
17. Komppula, M., et al. (2007), Size distributions of atmospheric ions in the Baltic Sea region, Boreal Environ. Res., 12, 323-336.
18. Kulmala, M., and H. Tammet (2007), Finnish-Estonian air ion and aerosol workshops, Boreal Environ. Res., 12, 237-245.
19. Kulmala, M., M. Dal Maso, J. M. Mäkelä, L. Pirjola, M. Väkevä, P. Aalto, P. Miikkulainen, K. Hämeri, and C. D. O'Dowd (2001), On the formation, growth and composition of nucleation mode particles, Tellus, Ser. B, 53, 479-490.
20. Kulmala, M., H. Vehkamäki, T. Petäjä, M. Dal Maso, A. Lauri, V.-M. Kerminen, W. Birmili, and P. H. McMurry (2004a), Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: A review of observations, J. Aerosol Sci., 35, 143-176.
21. Kulmala, M., L. Laakso, K. E. J. Lehtinen, I. Riipinen, M. Dal Maso, T. Anttila, V.-M. Kerminen, U. Hörrak, M. Vana, and H. Tammet (2004b), Initial steps of aerosol growth, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2553-2560.
22. Kulmala, M., T. Petäjä, P. Mönkkönen, I. K. Koponen, M. Dal Maso, P. P. Aalto, K. E. J. Lehtinen, and V.-M. Kerminen (2005), On the growth of nucleation mode particles: Source rates of condensable vapor in polluted and clean environments, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 409-416.
23. Kulmala, M., K. E. J. Lehtinen, and A. Laaksonen (2006), Cluster activation theory as an explanation of the linear dependence between formation rate of 3 nm particles and sulphuric acid concentration, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 787-793.
24. Kulmala, M., et al. (2007), The Condensation Particle Counter Battery (CPCB): A new tool to investigate the activation properties of nanoparticles, J. Aerosol Sci., 38, 289-304.
25. Laakso, L., J. M. Mäkelä, L. Pirjola, and M. Kulmala (2002), Model studies on ion-induced nucleation in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D20), 4427, doi:10.1029/2002JD002140.
26. Laakso, L., M. Kulmala, and K. E. J. Lehtinen (2003), Effect of condensation rate enhancement factor on 3-nm (diameter) particle formation by binary ion-induced and homogeneous nucleation, J. Geophys. Res., 108 1 (D18), 4574, doi:10.1029/2003JD003432.
27. Laakso, L., T. Anttila, K. E. J. Lehtinen, P. P. Aalto, M. Kuhnala, U. Hörrak, J. Paatero, M. Hanke, and F. Arnold (2004), Kinetic nucleation and ions in boreal particle formation events, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2353-2366.
28. Laakso, L., S. Gape, T. Petäjä, A. Hirsikko, P. P. Aalto, M. Kulmala, and V.-M. Kerminen (2007), Detecting charging state of ultra-fine particles: Instrumental development and ambient measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1333-1345.
29. Laaksonen, A., A. Harried, J. Joutsensaari, L. Hiltunen, F. Cavalli, W. Junkermann, A. Asmi, S. Fuzzi, and M. C. Facchini (2005), Cloud condensation nuclei production from nucleation events at a highly polluted region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L06812, doi:10.1029/ 2004GL022092.
30. Lauer, A., and J. Hendricks (2006), Simulating aerosol microphysics with the ECHAM4/MADE GCM-Part II: Results from a first multiannual simulation of the submicrometer aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5495-5513.
31. Lee, S.-H., J. M. Reeves, J. C. Wilson, D. E. Hunton, A. A. Viggiano, T. M. Miller, J. O. Ballenthin, and L. R. Rait (2003), Particle formation by ion nucleation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, Science, 301, 1886-1889.
32. Lovejoy, E. R., J. Curtius, and K. D. Froyd (2004), Atmospheric ion-induced nucleation of sulfuric acid and water, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D08204, doi:10.1029/2003JD004460.
33. Mäkelä, J. M., J. Salm, V. V. Smirnov, I. Koponen, J. Paatero, and A. A. Pronin (2003), Electrical charging state of fine and ultrafine particles in boreal forest air, J. Aerosol Sci., 32, S149-S150.
34. Nadykto, A., and F. Yu (2003), Uptake of neutral polar vapor molecules by charged clusters/particles: Enhancement due to dipole-charge interaction, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 4717, doi:10.1029/ 2003JD003664.
35. Nadykto, A. B., A. Al Natsheh, F. Yu, K. V. Mikkelsen, and J. Ruuskanen (2004), Effect of molecular structure and hydration on the uptake of gasphase sulfuric acid by charged clusters/ultrafine particles, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 38, 349-353.
36. Reischl, G. P., J. M. Mäkelä, R. Karch, and J. Necid (1996), Bipolar charging of ultrafine particles in the size range below 10 nm, J. Aerosol Sci., 27, 931-949.
37. Spracklen, D. V., K. S. Carslaw, M. Kulmala, V.-M. Kerminen, G. W. Mann, and S.-L. Sihto (2006), The contribution of boundary layer nucleation events to total particle concentrations on regional and global scales, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5631-5648.
38. Tammet, H., and M. Kulmala (2005), Simulation tool for atmospheric aerosol nucleation bursts, J. Aerosol Sci., 36, 173-196.
39. Tammet, H., J. Salm, and H. Iher (1988), Observation of condensation on small air ions in the atmosphere, Lect. Notes Phys., 309, 239-240.
40. Turco, R. P., J.-X. Zhao, and F. Yu (1998), A new source of tropospheric aerosols: Ion-ion recombination, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 635-638.
41. Vana, M., E. Tamm, U. Hõrrak, E. Mirme, H. Tammet, L. Laakso, P. P. Aalto, and M. Kulmala (2006), Charging state of nanoparticles during the nucleation event burst events, Atmos. Res., 82, 536-546.
42. Wilding, R. J., and R. G. Harrison (2005), Aerosol modulation of small ion growth in coastal air, Atmos. Environ., 39, 5876-5883.
43. Yu, F. (2006), From molecular clusters to nanoparticles: Second-generation ion-mediated nucleation model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5193-5211.
44. Yu, F., and R. P. Turco (2000), Ultrafine aerosol formation via ion-mediated nucleation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 883-886.
45. Yu, F., and R. P. Turco (2001), From molecular clusters to nanoparticles: Role of ambient ionization in tropospheric aerosol formation, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 4797-4814.