메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 461-468

Pay-for-performance in the United Kingdom: Impact of the quality and outcomes framework-a systematic review

Author keywords

General practice; Incentive; Pay for performance; Primary care; Quality improvement; Quality of health care; Reimbursement; Review; Systematic

Indexed keywords

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ECONOMICS; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; REIMBURSEMENT; REVIEW; STATISTICS; TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 84861834916     PISSN: 15441709     EISSN: 15441717     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1370/afm.1377     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (243)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 27644480738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of primary care to health systems and health
    • Starfield B, Shi L, Macinko J. Contribution of primary care to health systems and health. Milbank Q. 2005;83(3):457-502.
    • (2005) Milbank Q , vol.83 , Issue.3 , pp. 457-502
    • Starfield, B.1    Shi, L.2    Macinko, J.3
  • 2
    • 4644245424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking physicians' pay to the quality of care-a major experiment in the United kingdom
    • Roland M. Linking physicians' pay to the quality of care-a major experiment in the United kingdom. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(14): 1448-1454.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , Issue.14 , pp. 1448-1454
    • Roland, M.1
  • 3
    • 85171928819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should the quality and outcomes framework be abolished?
    • Siriwardena AN. Should the quality and outcomes framework be abolished? No. BMJ. 2010;340:c2794.
    • (2010) No. BMJ , vol.c2794 , pp. 340
    • Siriwardena, A.N.1
  • 4
    • 85171923933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NHS Employers. Quality and outcomes framework
    • NHS Employers. Quality and outcomes framework. http://www.nhsemployers. org/PayAndContracts/GeneralMedicalServicesContract/QOF/Pages/QualityOutcomesFramework.aspx.
  • 5
    • 85171922479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NHS Employers. Quality and Outcomes Framework guidance for GMS contract 2011/12. Delivering investment in general practice. NHS Employers. April
    • NHS Employers. Quality and Outcomes Framework guidance for GMS contract 2011/12. Delivering investment in general practice. NHS Employers. April 2011. http://www.nhsemployers.org/Aboutus/Publications/Documents/QOF_guidance_GMS_contract_2011_12.pdf.
    • (2011)
  • 6
    • 85171907343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NHS Information Centre, Prescribing and Primary Care Services. Quality and Outcomes Framework Achievement Data 2009-2010. The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care
    • The NHS Information Centre, Prescribing and Primary Care Services. Quality and Outcomes Framework Achievement Data 2009-2010. The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care; 2010. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/statistics-and-data-collections/audits-and-performance/the-quality-and-outcomes-framework.
    • (2010)
  • 10
    • 62549134014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pay for performance: An overview of the literature
    • Greene SE, Nash DB. Pay for performance: an overview of the literature. Am J Med Qual. 2009;24(2):140-163.
    • (2009) Am J Med Qual , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 140-163
    • Greene, S.E.1    Nash, D.B.2
  • 11
    • 77953179325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research learning from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework: A review of existing research
    • Steel N, Willems S. Research learning from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework: a review of existing research. Qual Prim Care. 2010;18(2):117-125.
    • (2010) Qual Prim Care , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-125
    • Steel, N.1    Willems, S.2
  • 13
    • 13844253570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic incentives and physicians' delivery of preventive care: A systematic review
    • Town R, Kane R, Johnson P, Butler M. Economic incentives and physicians' delivery of preventive care: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2005;28(2):234-240.
    • (2005) Am J Prev Med , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-240
    • Town, R.1    Kane, R.2    Johnson, P.3    Butler, M.4
  • 14
    • 0034917467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of explicit financial incentives on physician behavior
    • Armour BS, Pitts MM, Maclean R, et al. The effect of explicit financial incentives on physician behavior. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(10): 1261-1266.
    • (2001) Arch Intern Med , vol.161 , Issue.10 , pp. 1261-1266
    • Armour, B.S.1    Pitts, M.M.2    Maclean, R.3
  • 15
    • 80055110005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians
    • Scott A, Sivey P, Ait Ouakrim D, et al. The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;9:CD008451.
    • (2011) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.9
    • Scott, A.1    Sivey, P.2    Ait, O.D.3
  • 16
    • 68049122102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
    • PRISMA Group
    • Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097.
    • (2009) PLoS Med , vol.6 , Issue.7
    • Moher, D.1    Liberati, A.2    Tetzlaff, J.3    Altman, D.G.4
  • 17
    • 0013923473 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the quality of medical care
    • Donabedian A. Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Mem Fund Q. 1966:44(3):Suppl:166-206.
    • (1966) Milbank Mem Fund Q , vol.44 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 166-206
    • Donabedian, A.1
  • 18
    • 0021227059 scopus 로고
    • Quality assessment in health
    • Maxwell RJ. Quality assessment in health. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984;288(6428):1470-1472.
    • (1984) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.288 , Issue.6428 , pp. 1470-1472
    • Maxwell, R.J.1
  • 21
    • 84866177030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The quality and outcomes framework: Triumph of evidence or tragedy for personal care?
    • Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds., Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd
    • Gillam S, Siriwardena AN. The quality and outcomes framework: triumph of evidence or tragedy for personal care? In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds. The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd; 2010: 156-166.
    • (2010) The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice , pp. 156-166
    • Gillam, S.1    Siriwardena, A.N.2
  • 22
    • 80655147954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of financial incentives on incentivised and non-incentivised clinical activities: Longitudinal analysis of data from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework
    • Doran T, Kontopantelis E, Valderas JM, et al. Effect of financial incentives on incentivised and non-incentivised clinical activities: longitudinal analysis of data from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework. BMJ. 2011;342:d3590.
    • (2011) BMJ , vol.342
    • Doran, T.1    Kontopantelis, E.2    Valderas, J.M.3
  • 23
    • 41149154477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do quality incentives change prescribing patterns in primary care? An observational study in Scotland
    • MacBride-Stewart SP, Elton R, Walley T. Do quality incentives change prescribing patterns in primary care? An observational study in Scotland. Fam Pract. 2008;25(1):27-32.
    • (2008) Fam Pract , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-32
    • Macbride-Stewart, S.P.1    Elton, R.2    Walley, T.3
  • 24
    • 84866159404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from the QOF: A review of existing research
    • Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds., Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd
    • Steel N, Willems S. Learning from the QOF: a review of existing research. In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds. The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd; 2010;31-69.
    • (2010) The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice , pp. 31-69
    • Steel, N.1    Willems, S.2
  • 26
    • 78650479459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: Estimation of population mortality reduction
    • Fleetcroft R, Parekh-Bhurke S, Howe A, Cookson R, Swift L, Steel N. The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: estimation of population mortality reduction. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(578): e345-e352.
    • (2010) Br J Gen Pract , vol.60 , Issue.578
    • Fleetcroft, R.1    Parekh-Bhurke, S.2    Howe, A.3    Cookson, R.4    Swift, L.5    Steel, N.6
  • 27
    • 34247281940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between the quality of epilepsy management in primary care, general practice population deprivation status and epilepsy-related emergency hospitalisations
    • Shohet C, Yelloly J, Bingham P, Lyratzopoulos G. The association between the quality of epilepsy management in primary care, general practice population deprivation status and epilepsy-related emergency hospitalisations. Seizure. 2007;16(4):351-355.
    • (2007) Seizure , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 351-355
    • Shohet, C.1    Yelloly, J.2    Bingham, P.3    Lyratzopoulos, G.4
  • 28
    • 78650479459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: Estimation of population mortality reduction
    • Fleetcroft R, Parekh-Bhurke S, Howe A, Cookson R, Swift L, Steel N. The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: estimation of population mortality reduction. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(578): e345-e352.
    • (2010) Br J Gen Pract , vol.60 , Issue.578
    • Fleetcroft, R.1    Parekh-Bhurke, S.2    Howe, A.3    Cookson, R.4    Swift, L.5    Steel, N.6
  • 29
    • 77952812628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value for money and the Quality and Outcomes Framework in primary care in the UK NHS
    • Walker S, Mason AR, Claxton K, et al. Value for money and the Quality and Outcomes Framework in primary care in the UK NHS. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(574):e213-e220.
    • (2010) Br J Gen Pract , vol.60 , Issue.574
    • Walker, S.1    Mason, A.R.2    Claxton, K.3
  • 30
    • 78650479459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: Estimation of population mortality reduction
    • Fleetcroft R, Parekh-Bhurke S, Howe A, Cookson R, Swift L, Steel N. The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: estimation of population mortality reduction. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(578): e345-e352.
    • (2010) Br J Gen Pract , vol.60 , Issue.578
    • Fleetcroft, R.1    Parekh-Bhurke, S.2    Howe, A.3    Cookson, R.4    Swift, L.5    Steel, N.6
  • 31
    • 77952812628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value for money and the Quality and Outcomes Framework in primary care in the UK NHS
    • Walker S, Mason AR, Claxton K, et al. Value for money and the Quality and Outcomes Framework in primary care in the UK NHS. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(574):e213-e220.
    • (2010) Br J Gen Pract , vol.60 , Issue.574
    • Walker, S.1    Mason, A.R.2    Claxton, K.3
  • 32
    • 50149104801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of financial incentives on inequalities in the delivery of primary clinical care in England: Analysis of clinical activity indicators for the quality and outcomes framework
    • Doran T, Fullwood C, Kontopantelis E, Reeves D. Effect of financial incentives on inequalities in the delivery of primary clinical care in England: analysis of clinical activity indicators for the quality and outcomes framework. Lancet. 2008;372(9640):728-736.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , Issue.9640 , pp. 728-736
    • Doran, T.1    Fullwood, C.2    Kontopantelis, E.3    Reeves, D.4
  • 33
    • 58149170593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic disparities in coronary heart disease management and pay for performance in the UK
    • Millett C, Gray J, Wall M, Majeed A. Ethnic disparities in coronary heart disease management and pay for performance in the UK. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24(1):8-13.
    • (2009) J Gen Intern Med , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 8-13
    • Millett, C.1    Gray, J.2    Wall, M.3    Majeed, A.4
  • 34
    • 46449125631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mind the gap! Evaluation of the performance gap attributable to exception reporting and target thresholds in the new GMS contract: National database analysis
    • Fleetcroft R, Steel N, Cookson R, Howe A. "Mind the gap!" Evaluation of the performance gap attributable to exception reporting and target thresholds in the new GMS contract: National database analysis. BMC Health Serv Res. 2008;8:131.
    • (2008) BMC Health Serv Res , vol.8 , pp. 131
    • Fleetcroft, R.1    Steel, N.2    Cookson, R.3    Howe, A.4
  • 35
    • 77958030982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in patient experiences of primary care during health service reforms in England between 2003 and 2007
    • Campbell SM, Kontopantelis E, Reeves D, et al. Changes in patient experiences of primary care during health service reforms in England between 2003 and 2007. Ann Fam Med. 2010;8(6):499-506.
    • (2010) Ann Fam Med , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 499-506
    • Campbell, S.M.1    Kontopantelis, E.2    Reeves, D.3
  • 36
    • 77958030982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in patient experiences of primary care during health service reforms in England between 2003 and 2007
    • Campbell SM, Kontopantelis E, Reeves D, et al. Changes in patient experiences of primary care during health service reforms in England between 2003 and 2007. Ann Fam Med. 2010;8(6):499-506.
    • (2010) Ann Fam Med , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 499-506
    • Campbell, S.M.1    Kontopantelis, E.2    Reeves, D.3
  • 37
    • 60449114004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of pay-for-performance on professional boundaries in UK general practice: An ethnographic study
    • Grant S, Huby G, Watkins F, et al. The impact of pay-for-performance on professional boundaries in UK general practice: an ethnographic study. Sociol Health Illn. 2009;31(2):229-245.
    • (2009) Sociol Health Illn , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-245
    • Grant, S.1    Huby, G.2    Watkins, F.3
  • 39
    • 44149083975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The experience of pay for performance in English family practice: A qualitative study
    • Campbell SM, McDonald R, Lester H. The experience of pay for performance in English family practice: a qualitative study. Ann Fam Med. 2008;6(3):228-234.
    • (2008) Ann Fam Med , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 228-234
    • Campbell, S.M.1    McDonald, R.2    Lester, H.3
  • 41
    • 77953203578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of the Quality and Outcomes Framework on practice organisation and service delivery: Summary of evidence from two qualitative studies
    • Checkland K, Harrison S. The impact of the Quality and Outcomes Framework on practice organisation and service delivery: summary of evidence from two qualitative studies. Qual Prim Care. 2010;18 (2):139-146.
    • (2010) Qual Prim Care , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 139-146
    • Checkland, K.1    Harrison, S.2
  • 42
    • 44149083975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The experience of pay for performance in English family practice: A qualitative study
    • Campbell SM, McDonald R, Lester H. The experience of pay for performance in English family practice: a qualitative study. Ann Fam Med. 2008;6(3):228-234.
    • (2008) Ann Fam Med , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 228-234
    • Campbell, S.M.1    McDonald, R.2    Lester, H.3
  • 43
    • 79952651306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Room for improvement? Leadership, innovation culture and uptake of quality improvement methods in general practice
    • Apekey TA, McSorley G, Tilling M, Siriwardena AN. Room for improvement? Leadership, innovation culture and uptake of quality improvement methods in general practice. J Eval Clin Pract. 2011;17 (2):311-318.
    • (2011) J Eval Clin Pract , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 311-318
    • Apekey, T.A.1    McSorley, G.2    Tilling, M.3    Siriwardena, A.N.4
  • 45
    • 77953191995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the public health impact of the Quality and Outcomes Framework
    • Dixon A, Khachatryan A. A review of the public health impact of the Quality and Outcomes Framework. Qual Prim Care. 2010;18(2): 133-138.
    • (2010) Qual Prim Care , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-138
    • Dixon, A.1    Khachatryan, A.2
  • 46
    • 84891684913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing variation in prescribing of antidepressants by general practices in Scotland
    • Morrison J, Anderson MJ, Sutton M, et al. Factors influencing variation in prescribing of antidepressants by general practices in Scotland. Br J Gen Pract. 2009;59(559):e25-e31.
    • (2009) Br J Gen Pract , vol.59 , Issue.559
    • Morrison, J.1    Anderson, M.J.2    Sutton, M.3
  • 47
    • 75949101866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statin prescribing in Northern Ireland and England pre and post introduction of the quality and outcomes framework
    • Alabbadi I, Crealey G, Turner K, et al. Statin prescribing in Northern Ireland and England pre and post introduction of the quality and outcomes framework. Pharm World Sci. 2010;32(1):43-51.
    • (2010) Pharm World Sci , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-51
    • Alabbadi, I.1    Crealey, G.2    Turner, K.3
  • 48
    • 56749095627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in different primary healthcare systems with and without pay-for-performance
    • Cupples ME, Byrne MC, Smith SM, Leathem CS, Murphy AW. Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in different primary healthcare systems with and without pay-for-performance. Heart. 2008;94(12):1594-1600.
    • (2008) Heart , vol.94 , Issue.12 , pp. 1594-1600
    • Cupples, M.E.1    Byrne, M.C.2    Smith, S.M.3    Leathem, C.S.4    Murphy, A.W.5
  • 49
    • 47349107912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomedicine, holism and general medical practice: Responses to the 2004 general practitioner contract
    • Checkland K, Harrison S, McDonald R, Grant S, Campbell S, Guthrie B. Biomedicine, holism and general medical practice: responses to the 2004 general practitioner contract. Sociol Health Illn. 2008;30 (5):788-803.
    • (2008) Sociol Health Illn , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 788-803
    • Checkland, K.1    Harrison, S.2    McDonald, R.3    Grant, S.4    Campbell, S.5    Guthrie, B.6
  • 50
    • 85051992436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the patient always benefit?
    • In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds., Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd
    • Wilkie P. Does the patient always benefit? In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds. The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd; 2010:128-136.
    • (2010) The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice , pp. 128-136
    • Wilkie, P.1
  • 51
    • 85049897759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An international perspective on the basis forf payment-for-performance
    • Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd
    • Starfield B, Mangin D. An international perspective on the basis forf payment-for-performance. In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN (eds). The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd; 2010:147-155.
    • (2010) The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice , pp. 147-155
    • Starfield, B.1    Mangin, D.2
  • 52
    • 12744281023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence: A review of possible methods
    • Dixon-Woods M, Agarwal S, Jones D, Young B, Sutton A. Synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence: a review of possible methods. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2005;10(1):45-53.
    • (2005) J Health Serv Res Policy , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-53
    • Dixon-Woods, M.1    Agarwal, S.2    Jones, D.3    Young, B.4    Sutton, A.5
  • 53
    • 84866144979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoke and mirrors'? Informatics opportunities and challenges
    • Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds., Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd
    • Kordowicz M, Ashworth M. 'Smoke and mirrors'? Informatics opportunities and challenges. In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds. The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd; 2010:82-92.
    • (2010) The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice , pp. 82-92
    • Kordowicz, M.1    Ashworth, M.2
  • 54
    • 0029161449 scopus 로고
    • Detecting differences in quality of care: The sensitivity of measures of process and outcome in treating acute myocardial infarction
    • Mant J, Hicks N. Detecting differences in quality of care: the sensitivity of measures of process and outcome in treating acute myocardial infarction. BMJ. 1995;311(7008):793-796.
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.311 , Issue.7008 , pp. 793-796
    • Mant, J.1    Hicks, N.2
  • 55
    • 66249121050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pay for performance in primary care in England and California: Comparison of unintended consequences
    • McDonald R, Roland M. Pay for performance in primary care in England and California: comparison of unintended consequences. Ann Fam Med. 2009;7(2):121-127.
    • (2009) Ann Fam Med , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-127
    • McDonald, R.1    Roland, M.2
  • 57
    • 66249121050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pay for performance in primary care in England and California: Comparison of unintended consequences
    • McDonald R, Roland M. Pay for performance in primary care in England and California: comparison of unintended consequences. Ann Fam Med. 2009;7(2):121-127.
    • (2009) Ann Fam Med , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-127
    • McDonald, R.1    Roland, M.2
  • 58
    • 13544273924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's about more than money: Financial incentives and internal motivation
    • Marshall M, Harrison S. It's about more than money: financial incentives and internal motivation. Qual Saf Health Care. 2005;14(1):4-5.
    • (2005) Qual Saf Health Care , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-5
    • Marshall, M.1    Harrison, S.2
  • 59
    • 0037374230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New contract for general practitioners
    • Shekelle P. New contract for general practitioners. BMJ. 2003;326 (7387):457-458.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.326 , Issue.7387 , pp. 457-458
    • Shekelle, P.1
  • 60
    • 37049025984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future of quality measurement
    • Lester H, Roland M. Future of quality measurement. BMJ. 2007;335 (7630):1130-1131.
    • (2007) BMJ , vol.335 , Issue.7630 , pp. 1130-1131
    • Lester, H.1    Roland, M.2
  • 61
    • 77951574988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to identify when a performance indicator has run its course
    • Reeves D, Doran T, Valderas JM et al. How to identify when a performance indicator has run its course. BMJ. 2010:340: c1717.
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.340
    • Reeves, D.1    Doran, T.2    Valderas, J.M.3
  • 62
    • 77953954327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of removing financial incentives from clinical quality indicators: Longitudinal analysis of four Kaiser Permanente indicators
    • Lester H, Schmittdiel J, Selby J et al. The impact of removing financial incentives from clinical quality indicators: longitudinal analysis of four Kaiser Permanente indicators. BMJ. 2010:340: c1898.
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.340
    • Lester, H.1    Schmittdiel, J.2    Selby, J.3
  • 63
    • 85016479815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing indicators and the concept of QOF ability
    • Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds., Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd
    • Campbell S, Lester H. Developing indicators and the concept of QOF ability. In: Gillam S, Siriwardena AN, eds. The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd; 2010:16-30.
    • (2010) The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF Transforming General Practice , pp. 16-30
    • Campbell, S.1    Lester, H.2
  • 65
    • 47549085541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exclusion of patients from pay-for-performance targets by English physicians
    • Doran T, Fullwood C, Reeves D, Gravelle H, Roland M. Exclusion of patients from pay-for-performance targets by English physicians. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(3):274-284.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , Issue.3 , pp. 274-284
    • Doran, T.1    Fullwood, C.2    Reeves, D.3    Gravelle, H.4    Roland, M.5
  • 66
    • 78650479459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: Estimation of population mortality reduction
    • Fleetcroft R, Parekh-Bhurke S, Howe A, Cookson R, Swift L, Steel N. The UK pay-for-performance programme in primary care: estimation of population mortality reduction. Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(578): e345-e352.
    • (2010) Br J Gen Pract , vol.60 , Issue.578
    • Fleetcroft, R.1    Parekh-Bhurke, S.2    Howe, A.3    Cookson, R.4    Swift, L.5    Steel, N.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.