Ethnic disparities in coronary heart disease management and pay for performance in the UK

Journal of General Internal Medicine

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 8-13

  Millett, Christopher ^a,b   Gray, Jeremy ^b   Wall, Martin ^c   Majeed, Azeem ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b Wandsworth Primary Care Research Centre   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF EAST LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Coronary heart disease; Ethnicity; Pay for performance; Primary care

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR;

AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTICE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD; PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED KINGDOM;

AGED; CORONARY DISEASE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DISEASE MANAGEMENT; ETHNIC GROUPS; FAMILY PRACTICE; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE; QUALITY ASSURANCE, HEALTH CARE; REIMBURSEMENT, INCENTIVE;

EID: 58149170593     PISSN: 08848734     EISSN: 15251497     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-008-0832-5     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. MB Rosenthal RG Frank Z Li AM Epstein 2005 Early experience with pay-for-performance: from concept to practice JAMA 294 1788 1793
2. AM Epstein 2006 Paying for performance in the United States and abroad N Engl J Med 355 406 408
3. M Roland 2004 Linking physicians' pay to the quality of care - a major experiment in the United Kingdom NEJM 351 1448 1454
4. Department of Health. (June 2004) NHS Improvement plan: Putting people at the heart of public services. London. Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/ Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4084476 Accessed 01 October 2008.
5. British Medical Association (June 2005) Improving health - general practice. Available at: http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/content/ManifestoGPs. Accessed 01 October 2008
6. LP Casalino A Elster 2007 Will pay-for-performance and quality reporting affect health care disparities? Health Aff 26 3 w405 w414
7. AT Chien MH Chin AM Davis LP Casalino 2007 Pay for performance, public reporting, and racial disparities in health care: how are programs being designed? Med Care Res Rev 64 5 Suppl 283S 304S
8. L Peterson L Woodard T Urech C Daw S Sookanan 2006 Does pay-for-performance improve the quality of health care? Ann Intern Med 145 265 272
9. Health and Social Care Information Centre. National quality and outcomes framework statistics for England 2004/05. Statistical Bulletin [4], 23. 2005. Available at: http://www.ic.nhs.uk Accessed 01 October 2008
10. T Doran C Fullwood H Gravelle 2006 Pay-for-performance programs in family practices in the United Kingdom NEJM 355 4 375 384
11. T Sheth C Nair M Nargundkar S Anand S Yusuf 1999 Cardiovascular and cancer mortality among Canadians of European, south Asian and Chinese origin from 1979 to 1993 CMAJ 161 2 132 138
12. N Forouhi N Sattar T Tillin P McKeigue N Chaturvedi 2006 Do known risk factors explain the higher coronary heart disease mortality in South Asian compared with European men? Prospective follow-up of the Southall and Brent studies, UK Diabetologia 49 11 2580 2588
13. G Mensah A Mokdad E Ford K Greenlund J Croft 2005 State of disparities in cardiovascular health in the United States Circulation 111 10 1233 1241
14. R Balarajan 1991 Ethnic differences in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in England and Wales BMJ 302 6776 560 564
15. K Fiscella P Franks MR Gold CM Clancy 2000 Inequality in quality: addressing socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic disparities in health care JAMA 283 19 2579 2584
16. Institute of Medicine. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2002. http://www.iom.edu/?id = 16740 Accessed 01 October 2008.
17. G Feder A Crook P Magee S Banerjee A Timmis H Hemingway 2002 Ethnic differences in invasive management of coronary disease: prospective cohort study if patients undergoing angiography BMJ 324 511 516
18. A Britton M Shipley M Marmot H Hemingway 2004 Does access to cardiac investigation and treatment contribute to social and ethnic differences in coronary heart disease? Whitehall II prospective cohort study BMJ 329 318 323
19. British Medical Association. General medical services contract. Available at: http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/Hubthenewgmscontract Accessed 01 October 2008
20. J Gray A Majeed S Kerry G Rowlands 2000 Identifying patients with ischaemic heart disease in general practice: cross sectional study of paper and computerised medical records BMJ 321 548 550
21. UK 2001 Census Available at: http://www.ons.gov.uk/census/index.html Accessed 01 October 2008
22. Department of Communities and Local Government. Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004. Available at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/archived/general- content/communities/indicesofdeprivation/216309/ Accessed 01 October 2008
23. KA Froot 1989 Consistent covariance matrix estimation with cross-sectional dependence and heteroskedasticity in financial data J Financ Quant Anal 24 333 355
24. P Gill T Quirke J Mant T Allan 2004 The use of lipid-lowering drugs across ethnic groups in the secondary prevention of ischaemic heart disease: analysis of cross-sectional surveys in England BJGP 54 442 443
25. K Ferdinand 2004 Coronary heart disease and lipid-modifying treatment in african american patients Heart 147 5 774 782
26. C Millett J Gray S Saxena G Netuveli K Khunti A Majeed 2007 Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes Management and Pay-for-Performance in the UK: The Wandsworth Prospective Diabetes Study PLoS Medicine 4 6 e191
27. N Chaturvedi P McKeigue M Marmot 1993 Resting and ambulatory blood pressure differences in Afro-Caribbeans and Europeans Hypertension 22 90 96
28. C Wolfe N Smeeton C Coshall K Tilling A Rudd 2005 Survival differences after stroke in a multiethnic population: follow-up study with the south London stroke register BMJ 331 7514 431
29. G Mensah A Mokdad E Ford K Greenlund J Croft 2005 State of disparities in cardiovascular health in the United States Circulation 111 10 1233 1241
30. S Campbell M Roland E Middleton D Reeves 2005 Improvements in quality of clinical care in English general practice 1998-2003: longitudinal observational study BMJ 331 1121 1125
31. S Campbell D Reeves E Kontopantelis E Middleton B Sibbald M Roland 2007 Quality of primary care in England with the introduction of pay for performance N Engl J Med 357 181
32. Nazroo J. The health of Britain's ethnic minorities. London: Policy Studies Institute; 1997.
33. R Bhopal N Unwin M White 1999 Heterogeneity of coronary heart disease risk factors in Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and European origin populations: cross sectional study BMJ 319 215 220
34. A Majeed 2004 Sources, uses, strengths and limitations of data collected in primary care in England Health Stat Q 21 5 14
35. J Hippisley-Cox M Pringle N Crown A Meal A Wynn 2001 Sex inequalities in ischaemic heart disease in general practice: cross sectional survey BMJ 322 832 888
36. S Ramsay R Morris O Papacosta 2005 Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in older British men: extent of inequalities before and after implementation of the National Service Framework Am J Publ Health 27 4 338 343
37. J Hippisley-Cox M Pringle R Cater C Coupland A Meal 2005 Coronary heart disease prevention and age inequalities: the first year of the National Service Framework for CHD BJGP 55 369 375
38. Department of Health. Tackling health inequalities. A programme for action. London: Department of Health; 2003 Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/ en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/ DH_4008268 Accessed 01 October 2008.