Immune activation in the pathogenesis of treated chronic HIV disease: A workshop summary

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 469-477

  Plaeger, Susan F ^a   Collins, Brenda S ^a   Musib, Runa ^b   Deeks, Steven G ^c   Read, Sarah ^a   Embry, Alan ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^b HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABATACEPT; CD4 ANTIGEN; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR5 ANTAGONIST; CORTICOSTEROID; CYTOKINE; EFALIZUMAB; METHOTREXATE; NATALIZUMAB; RITUXIMAB;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTHRITIS; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOTTING DISORDER; CELL AGING; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOREGULATION; INFLAMMATION; INNATE IMMUNITY; MEMORY CELL; NEOPLASM; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PATIENT SAFETY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; T LYMPHOCYTE; VIRUS LOAD;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ANIMALS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INTESTINAL MUCOSA; KIDNEY DISEASES; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; PRIMATES; RISK FACTORS; SIMIAN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 84860425795     PISSN: 08892229     EISSN: 19318405     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/aid.2011.0213     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Alimonti JB, Ball TB, Fowke KR. Mechanisms of CD4 + T lymphocyte cell death in human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS. J Gen Virol. July 2003;84(Pt. 7):1649-1661. (Pubitemid 36805899)
2. Marques R, Williams A, Eksmond U, et al.: Generalized immune activation as a direct result of activated CD4+ T cell killing. J Biol 2009;8(10):93.
3. Doitsh G, Cavrois M, Lassen KG, et al.: Abortive HIV infection mediates CD4 T cell depletion and inflammation in human lymphoid tissue. Cell 2010;143(5):789-801.
4. Ascher MS and Sheppard HW: AIDS as immune system activation: A model for pathogenesis. Clin Exp Immunol 1988;73(2):165-167.
5. Hazenberg MD, Hamann D, Schuitemaker H, and Miedema F: T cell depletion in HIV-1 infection: how CD4 + T cells go out of stock. Nat Immunol 2000;1(4):285-289.
6. Grossman Z, Herberman RB, and Dimitrov DS: T cell turnover in SIV infection. Science 1999 1999;284(5414):555.
7. Fahey JL, Taylor JM, Detels R, et al.: The prognostic value of cellular and serologic markers in infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. N Engl J Med 1990;322(3):166-172. (Pubitemid 20036390)
8. Giorgi JV, Liu Z, Hultin LE, et al.: Elevated levels of CD38 + CD8+ T cells in HIV infection add to the prognostic value of low CD4+ T cell levels: results of 6 years of follow-up. The Los Angeles Center, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993;6(8):904-912. (Pubitemid 23207458)
9. Liu Z, Cumberland WG, Hultin LE, et al.: Elevated CD38 antigen expression on CD8+ T cells is a stronger marker for the risk of chronic HIV disease progression to AIDS and death in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study than CD4 + cell count, soluble immune activation markers, or combinations of HLA-DR and CD38 expression. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1997;16(2):83-92.
10. Hunt PW, Landay AL, Sinclair E, et al.: A low T regulatory cell response may contribute to both viral control and generalized immune activation in HIV controllers. PLoS One 2011;6(1):e15924.
11. d'Ettorre G, Paiardini M, Ceccarelli G, et al.: HIV-associated immune activation: From bench to bedside. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2011;27(4):355-364.
12. Nixon DE and Landay AL: Biomarkers of immune dysfunction in HIV. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2010;5(6):498-503.
13. Chang KM: Immunopathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Liver Dis 2003;7(1):89-105.
14. La Gruta NL, Kedzierska K, Stambas J, andDoherty PC: A question of self-preservation: Immunopathology in influenza virus infection. Immunol Cell Biol 2007;85(2):85-92. (Pubitemid 46398724)
15. Soudeyns H and Pantaleo G: The moving target: Mechanisms of HIV persistence during primary infection. Immunol Today 1999;20(10):446-450. (Pubitemid 29476073)
16. Kedzierska K, Crowe SM, Turville S, and Cunningham AL: The influence of cytokines, chemokines and their receptors on HIV-1 replication in monocytes and macrophages. Rev Med Virol 2003;13(1):39-56. (Pubitemid 36125504)
17. Alfano M and Poli G: Role of cytokines and chemokines in the regulation of innate immunity and HIV infection. Mol Immunol 2005;42(2):161-182. (Pubitemid 39361447)
18. Brown JN, Kohler JJ, Coberley CR, et al.: HIV-1 activates macrophages independent of Toll-like receptors. PLoS One 2008;3(12):e3664. Epub 2008 Dec 2.
19. Onishi RM and Gaffen SL: Interleukin-17 and its target genes: Mechanisms of interleukin-17 function in disease. Immunology 2010;129(3):311-321.
20. Mackman N: The many faces of tissue factor. J Thromb Haemost 2009;7(Suppl 1):136-139.
21. Martinez-Maza O, Crabb E, Mitsuyasu RT, et al.: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an in vivo increase in B lymphocyte activation and immaturity. J Immunol 1987;138(11):3720-3724. (Pubitemid 17078240)
22. Giorgi JV, Hultin LE, McKeating JA, et al.: Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage. J Infect Dis 1999;179(4):859-870. (Pubitemid 29159331)
23. De Milito A, Nilsson A, Titanji K, et al.: Mechanisms of hypergammaglobulinemia and impaired antigen-specific humoral immunity in HIV-1 infection. Blood 2004;103(6):2180-2186. (Pubitemid 38326236)
24. El-Far M, Halwani R, Said E, et al.: T-cell exhaustion in HIV infection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2008;5(1):13-19. (Pubitemid 351480776)
25. Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, van Benthem BH, et al.: Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS. AIDS 2003;17(13):1881-1888. (Pubitemid 37070273)
26. Lori F: Treating HIV/AIDS by reducing immune system activation: The paradox of immune deficiency and immune hyperactivation. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2008;3(2):99-103. (Pubitemid 351322820)
27. Milush JM, Reeves JD, Gordon SN, et al.: Virally induced CD4 + T cell depletion is not sufficient to induce AIDS in a natural host. J Immunol 2007;179(5):3047-3056.
28. Pandrea I, Silvestri G, and Apetrei C: AIDS in African nonhuman primate hosts of SIVs: a new paradigm of SIV infection. Curr HIV Res 2009;7(1):57-72.
29. Jacquelin B, Mayau V, Targat B, et al.: Nonpathogenic SIV infection of African green monkeys induces a strong but rapidly controlled type I IFNresponse. J Clin Invest 2009;119(12):3544-3555.
30. Bosinger SE, Li Q, Gordon SN, et al.: Global genomic analysis reveals rapid control of a robust innate response in SIVinfected sootymangabeys. J Clin Invest 2009;119(12):3556-3572.
31. Kosub DA, Lehrman G, Milush JM, et al.: Gamma/Delta T-cell functional responses differ after pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus and nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections. J Virol 2008;82(3):1155-1165.
32. Brenchley JM and Paiardini M: Immunodeficiency lentiviral infections in natural and nonnatural hosts. Blood 2011; 118:847-854.
33. Letvin NL, Mascola JR, Sun Y, et al.: Preserved CD4 + central memory T cells and survival in vaccinated SIV-challenged monkeys. Science 2006;312(5779):1530-1533. (Pubitemid 43865893)
34. Mattapallil JJ, Douek DC, Buckler-White A, et al.: Vaccination preserves CD4 memory T cells during acute simian immunodeficiency virus challenge. J Exp Med 2006;203(6):1533-1541. (Pubitemid 43877613)
35. Okoye A, Meier-Schellersheim M, Brenchley JM, et al.: Progressive CD4 + central memory T cell decline results in CD4 + effector memory insufficiency and overt disease in chronic SIV infection. J Exp Med 2007;204(9):2171-2185. (Pubitemid 47360877)
36. Zeng M, Smith AJ, Wietgrefe SW, et al.: Cumulative mechanisms of lymphoid tissue fibrosis and T cell depletion in HIV-1 and SIV infections. J Clin Invest 2011;121(3):998-1008.
37. Brenchley JM and Douek DC: HIV infection and the gastrointestinal immune system. Mucosal Immunol 2008;1(1):23-30.
38. d'Ettorre G, Paiardini M, Zaffiri L, et al.: HIV persistence in the gut mucosa of HIV-infected subjects undergoing antiretroviral therapy correlates with immune activation and increased levels of LPS. Curr HIV Res 2011;9(3):148-153.
39. Martinson JA, Tenorio AR, Montoya CJ, et al.: Impact of class A, B and C CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides on in vitro activation of innate immune cells in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infected individuals. Immunology 2007;120(4):526-535. (Pubitemid 46365012)
40. Chehimi J and Trinchieri G: Interleukin-12: a bridge between innate resistance and adaptive immunity with a role in infection and acquired immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol 1994;14(3):149-161. (Pubitemid 24182175)
41. BoassoA, Herbeuval J,HardyAW, et al.:HIV inhibits CD4 + Tcell proliferation by inducing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood 2007;109(8):3351-3359. (Pubitemid 46572523)
42. Boasso A, Vaccari M, Fuchs D, et al.: Combined effect of antiretroviral therapy and blockade of IDO in SIV-infected rhesus macaques. J Immunol 2009;182(7):4313-4320.
43. Berzins SP, Smyth MJ, and Baxter AG: Presumed guilty: natural killer T cell defects and human disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2011;11(2):131-142.
44. Fernandez CS, Chan AC, Kyparissoudis K, et al.: Peripheral NKT cells in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques. J Virol 2009;83(4):1617-1624.
45. Chomont N, DaFonseca S, Vandergeeten C, et al.: Maintenance of CD4 + T-cell memory and HIV persistence: keeping memory, keeping HIV. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2011;6(1):30-36.
46. van Grevenynghe J, Procopio F, He Z, et al.: Transcription factor FOXO3a controls the persistence of memory CD4( + ) T cells during HIV infection. Nat Med 2007;14(3):266-274. (Pubitemid 351347916)
47. Wang C, Wen T, Routy JP, et al.: 4-1BBL induces TNF receptor- associated factor 1-dependent Bim modulation in human T cells and is a critical component in the costimulation- dependent rescue of functionally impaired HIV-specific CD8 T cells. J Immunol 2007;179(12):8252-8263.
48. Aziz N, Nishanian P, Mitsuyasu R, Detels R, and Fahey JL: Variables that affect assays for plasma cytokines and soluble activation markers. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1999;6(1):89-95. (Pubitemid 29035646)
49. Kan-Mitchell J, Bajcz M, Schaubert KL, et al.: Degeneracy and repertoire of the human HIV-1 Gag p17(77-85) CTL response. J Immunol 2006;176(11):6690- 6701. (Pubitemid 43787852)
50. Yang RB, Mark MR, Gray A, et al.: Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling. Nature 1998;395(6699):284-288. (Pubitemid 28447554)
51. Meier A, Chang JJ, Chan ES, et al.: Sex differences in the Tolllike receptor-mediated response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to HIV-1. Nat Med 2009;15(8):955-959. Epub 2009 Jul 13.
52. Gameiro C and Romao F: Changes in the immune system during menopause and aging. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2010;2:1299-1303.
53. Morabito F, Damle RN, Deaglio S, et al.: The CD38 ectoenzyme family: advances in basic science and clinical practice. Mol Med 2006;12(11-12):342-344. (Pubitemid 46489830)
54. Cao W, Jamieson BD, Hultin LE, et al.: Regulatory T cell expansion and immune activation during untreated HIV type 1 infection are associated with disease progression. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009;25(2):183-191.
55. van Baarle D, Tsegaye A, Miedema F, Akbar A. Significance of senescence for virus-specific memory T cell responses: Rapid ageing during chronic stimulation of the immune system. Immunol Lett 2005;97(1):19-29. (Pubitemid 40038851)
56. Gordon SN, Cervasi B, Odorizzi P, et al.: Disruption of intestinal CD4+ T cell homeostasis is a key marker of systemic CD4 + T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals. J Immunol 2010;185(9):5169-5179.
57. Jülg B and Goebel FD: Treatment interruption in HIV therapy: a SMART strategy? Infection 2006;34(3):186-188. (Pubitemid 43979672)
58. Fichtenbaum CJ: Inflammatory markers associated with coronary heart disease in persons with HIV infection. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2011;13(1):94-101.
59. Estes JD, Haase AT, and Schacker TW: The role of collagen deposition in depleting CD4 + T cells and limiting reconstitution in HIV-1 and SIV infections through damage to the secondary lymphoid organ niche. Semin Immunol 2008;20(3): 181-186.
60. Miric G, Dallemagne C, Endre Z, et al.: Reversal of cardiac and renal fibrosis by pirfenidone and spironolactone in streptozotocin- diabetic rats. Br J Pharmacol 2001;133(5):687-694. (Pubitemid 32642874)
61. Mancino A and Lawrence T: Nuclear factor-kappaB and tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(3): 784-789. Epub 2010 Jan 26.
62. Li X, Jiang S, and Tapping RI: Toll-like receptor signaling in cell proliferation and survival. Cytokine 2010;49(1):1-9.
63. Oppermann M: Chemokine receptor CCR5: insights into structure, function, regulation. Cell Signal 2004;16(11):1201-1210. (Pubitemid 39165449)