Clonidine in adults as a sedative agent in the intensive care unit

Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 439-445

  Jamadarkhana, Sunil ^a   Gopal, Shameer ^a  

^a NEW CROSS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84858957395     PISSN: 09709185     EISSN: 22312730     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. Peden CJ, Prys-Roberts C. The alpha-2 adrenoceptors and anaesthesia. In: Cedric Prys-Roberts and Burnell R. Brown. International Practice of Anaesthesia, 6th ed. Oxford (UK): Butterworth-Heinemann 1996.
2. Joint Formulary Committee. British National Formulary, 57th ed. London: British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, September 2008.
3. Calvey T.N, Williams N.E. Principles and Practice of Pharmacology for Anaesthetists, 4th ed. Oxford (UK): Blackwell Science Ltd 2003.
4. Martin Sasada, Susan Smith. Drugs in Anaesthesia and Intensive care, 3rd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press 2003. p. 76-77
5. Scheinin M, Schwinn D. The Locus Coeruleus: Site of hypnotic actions of alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists? Anesthesiology 1992; 76: 873-875.
6. Quintin L, Gonon F, Buda M, Ghignone M, Hilaire G, Pujog J F. Clonidine modulates metabolic hyperactivity induced by stress in behaving rats. Brain Res; 362: 366-369.
7. Kuraishi Y, Hirota N, Sato Y, Kaneko S, Satoh M, Takagi H. Noradrenergic inhibition of the release of substance P from the primary afferents in the rabbit spinal dorsal horn. Brain Res 1985; 359: 177-182.
8. Maze M, Tranquilli W. Alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists: defining the role in clinical anaesthesia. Anesthesiology 1991; 74: 581-605.
9. Aantaa R, Scheinin M. Alpha 2 adrenergic agents in Anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1993; 37: 433-438.
10. Flacke JW, FlackeWE. The use of alpha 2 adrenergic agonists during general anaesthesia. Anaesth Pharmacol Rev 1993; 1: 268-283.
11. Hayashi Y, Maze M. Alpha 2 adreneceptor agonists and Anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 1993; 71: 108-118.
12. Keranen A, Nykanen S, Taskinen J. Pharmacokinetics and side effects of clonidine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1978; 13: 97-101.
13. Hall JE, Uhrich TD, Ebert TJ. Sedative, analgesic and cognitive effects of clonidine infusions in humans. Br J Anaesth 2001; 86: 5-11.
14. Tetsuya Ise, Mikiko Yamashiro, Hideki Furuya. Clonidine as a drug for intravenous conscious sedation. Odontology 2002; 90: 57-63.
15. Ooi R, Pattison J, Feldman SA. The effects of Intravenous clonidine on ventilation. Anaesthesia 1991; 46: 632 633.
16. Bailey PL, Sperry RJ, Johnson GK et al. Respiratory effects of clonidine alone and combined with morphine in humans. Anesthesiology 1991; 74: 43-8.
17. Stieger DS, Cantieni R, Frutiger A. Acute colonic pseudoobstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) in two patients receiving high dose clonidine for delirium tremens. Intensive Care Med 1997; 23: 70-782.
18. Helmut Stahle. A historical perspective: development of clonidine. Baillieres Clin Anaesthesiol 2000; 14: 237-246.
19. Kaukinen S, Kaukinen L, Eerola R. Preoperative and postoperative use of clonidine with neurolept anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1978; 23: 113-120.
20. Talke PO, Mangano DT. Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists and perioperative ischaemia. Anaesth Pharmacol Rev 1993; 1: 310-315.
21. Tamsen A, Gordh T. Epidural Clonidine produces analgesia. Lancet II 1984; 231-232.
22. Sutton DN, Tremlett MR, Woodcock TE, Nielsen MS. Management of autonomic dysfunction in severe tetanus: the use of magnesium sulphate and clonidine [review]. Intensive Care Med 1990; 16: 75-80.
23. Gold MS, Pottash AC, Sweeney DR, Kleber HD. Opiate withdrawal using clonidine. A safe, effective, and rapid nonopiate treatment. JAMA 1980; 243: 343-348.
24. Gupta AK, Jha BK. Clonidine in heroin withdrawal syndrome: a controlled study in India. Br J Addict 1988; 83: 1079-1084.
25. Gold MS, Redmond DE Jr., Kleber HD (1978) Clonidine blocks acute opiate withdrawal symptoms. Lancet 1978; 2: 599-602.
26. Kahn A, Mumford JP, Rogers GA, Beckford H. Double-blind study of lofexidine and clonidine in the detoxification of opiate addicts in hospital. Drug Alcohol Depend 1997; 44: 57-61.
27. Taschner KL. A controlled comparison of clonidine and doxepin in the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. Pharmacopsychiatry 1986; 19: 91-5.
28. Lin SK, Strang J, Su LW, Tsai CJ, Hu WH. Double-blind randomised controlled trial of lofexidine versus clonidine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal. Drug Alcohol Depend 1997; 48: 127-133.
29. Manhem P, Nilsson LH, Moberg Al, Wadstein J, Hokfelt B. Alcohol withdrawal: Effects of Clonidine on sympathetic activity, the renin aldosterone system, and clinical symptoms. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1985; 9: 238-243.
30. Wilkins AJ, Jenkins WJ, Steiner JA. Efficacy of clonidine in treatment of alcohol withdrawal state. Psychopharmacology 1983; 81: 78-80.
31. Walinder J, Balldin J, Bokstrom K, Karlsson I, Lundstrom B, Svensson TH. Clonidine suppression of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Drug Alcohol Depend 1981; 8: 345-348.
32. Baumgartner GR, Rowen RC. Transdermal clonidine versus chlordiazepoxide in alcohol withdrawal: a randomized controlled clinical trial. South Med J 1991; 84: 312-321.
33. Zalunardo M, Zollinger A, Heinzelmann M et al. Restlessness during weaning from mechanical ventilation: successful use of clonidine [abstract]. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1993; 10: 67.
34. J. P. Kress, A. S. Pohlman, M. F. O'Connor, J. B. Hall. Daily interruption of sedative infusions in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1471-1477.
35. Michael Tryba. Alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists in intensive care medicine: prevention and treatment of withdrawal. Baillieres Clin Anaesthesiol 2000; 14/2: 459-470.
36. Domniki Liatsi, Basilis Tsapas, Smaro Pampori, Matthew Tsagourias, loannis Pneumatikos, Dimitrios Matamis. Respiratory, metabolic and hemodynamic effects of clonidine in ventilated patients presenting with withdrawal syndrome. Intensive Care Med 2009; 35: 275-281.
37. Maze M, Scarfini C, Cavaliere F. New agents for sedation in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Clin 2001; 17: 881-897.
38. Murdoch S, Cohen A. Intensive care sedation: A review of current British practice. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26: 922-928.
39. Spies CD, Dubisz N, Neumann T, et al. Therapy of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in intensive care unit patients following trauma. Results of a prospective randomised trial. Crit Care Med 1996; 24: 414-422.
40. Gillison M, Fairbairn J, McDonald K., Zvonar R, Cardinal P. Clonidine use in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital: Retrospective analysis. Can J Hosp Pharm 2004; 57: 83-89.
41. Bohrer H, Bach A, Layer M, Werning P. Clonidine as a sedative adjunct in intensive care. Intensive Care Med 1990; 16/4: 265-6.
42. IP Yam PC, Forbes A, Kox WJ. Clonidine in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal in the intensive care unit. Br J Anaesth 1992; 68/1: 106-8.
43. Freshwater-Turner D, Udy A, Lipman J, et al. Autonomic dysfunction in tetanus-what lessons can be learnt with specific reference to alpha-2 agonists? Anaesthesia 2007; 62: 1066-70.
44. Esslinger P, Kistler W, Berger T.M. Severe autonomic dysfunction in an 11-year-old girl with generalised tetanus. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2003; 13: 209-212.
45. Bachand R, Scholz J, Pinaud M et al. The effects of dexmedetomidine on patients in intensive care settings [abstract 622] Intensive Care Med 1999; 25 (suppl I): S 160.
46. Bhana N, Goa KL, McClellan KJ. Dexmedetomidine. Drugs 2000; 59: 263-268.
47. Dexmedetomidine: A novel agent for patients in intensive care settings [abstract 683]. Intensive Care Med 1999; 25 (suppl I): 623.
48. Richard R. Riker, Yahya Shehabi, Paula M Bokesch et al. Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam for the sedation of Critically ill patients: A Randomized Trial. JAMA 2009; 301(5), 489-499.
49. Pratik P. Pandharipande, Brenda T. Pun, Daniel L. Herr et al. Effect of sedation with Dexmedetomidine vs Lorazepam on Acute brain dysfunction in mechanically ventilated patients: The MENDS randomized Trial. JAMA 2007; 298 (22): 2644-2653.