Autonomic dysfunction in tetanus - What lessons can be learnt with specific reference to alpha-2 agonists?

Anaesthesia

Volumn 62, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 1066-1070

  Freshwater Turner, D ^a,b   Udy, A ^a,b   Lipman, Jeffrey ^a,b   Deans, R ^a   Stuart, J ^a   Boots, R ^b   Hegde, R ^a   McWhinney, B C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^b ROYAL BRISBANE AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BACLOFEN; BENZODIAZEPINE; CATECHOLAMINE; CEFTRIAXONE; CLONIDINE; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; DIAZEPAM; ERYTHROMYCIN; GENTAMICIN; MAGNESIUM; METRONIDAZOLE; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; NORADRENALIN; PROPOFOL; TETANUS ANTIBODY; THIOPENTAL; VECURONIUM;

ADRENALIN BLOOD LEVEL; ADULT; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION; CASE REPORT; CATECHOLAMINE BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI; DEBRIDEMENT; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG INTERMITTENT THERAPY; DRUG MEGADOSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAGNESIUM BLOOD LEVEL; NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING; RESPIRATORY FAILURE; SEDATION; SKIN ABSCESS; TETANUS; TRISMUS; WOUND CARE;

ADRENERGIC ALPHA-AGONISTS; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; CLONIDINE; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; EPINEPHRINE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; NOREPINEPHRINE; TETANUS;

EID: 34548660144     PISSN: 00032409     EISSN: 13652044     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05217.x     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Rushdy AA, White JM, Ramsay ME, Crowcroft NS. Tetanus in England and Wales, 1984-2000. Epidemiology and Infection 2003; 130: 71-7.
2. Thwaites CL, Farrar JJ. Preventing and treating tetanus. British Medical Journal 2003; 326: 117-8.
3. Thwaites CL. Tetanus. Current Anaesthesia and Critical Care 2005; 16: 50-7.
4. Cook TM, Protheroe RT, Handel JM. Tetanus: A review of the literature. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2001; 87: 477-87.
5. Toothill C, Dykes JR, Ablett JJ. Urinary catecholamine metabolite concentrations in tetanus. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1970; 42: 524-30.
6. Kerr JH, Corbett JL, Prys-Roberts C, Crampton-Smith A, Spalding JMK. Involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in tetanus. Studies on 82 cases. Lancet 1968; 2: 236-41.
7. Beards SC, Lipman J, Bothma P, Joynt GM. Esmolol in a case of severe tetanus: Adequate haemodynamic control despite markedly elevated catecholamine levels. South African Journal of Surgery 1994; 32: 33-5.
8. Thwaites CL, Yen LM, Cordon SM, et al. Urinary catecholamine excretion in tetanus. Anaesthesia 2006; 61: 355-9.
9. Lipman J, James MFM, Erskine J, Plit ML, Eidelman J. Autonomic dysfunction in severe tetanus: Magnesium sulphate as an adjunct to deep sedation. Critical Care Medicine 1987; 15: 987-8.
10. Domenighetti GM, Savary G, Stricker H. Hyperadrenergic syndrome in severe tetanus: Extreme rise in catecholamines responsive to labetalol. British Medical Journal 1984; 288: 1483-4.
11. Bleck TP. Tetanus: Pathophysiology, management and prophylaxis. Disease-a-Month 1991; 37: 559-603.
12. Rocke DA, Wesley AG, Pather M, Calver AD, Hariparsad D. Morphine in tetanus - the management of sympathetic nervous system overactivity. South African Medical Journal 1986; 70: 666-8.
13. Okoromah CAN, Lesi FEA. Diazepam for treating tetanus. Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews 2004:CD003954.
14. Thwaites CL, Yen LM, Loan HT, et al. Magnesium sulphate for treatment of severe tetanus: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006; 368: 1436-43.
15. Attygalle D, Rodrigo N. Magnesium as first line therapy in the management of tetanus: A prospective study of 40 patients. Anaesthesia 2002; 57: 811-7.
16. James MF, Manson ED. The use of magnesium sulphate infusions in the management of very severe tetanus. Intensive Care Medicine 1985; 11: 5-12.
17. Buchanan N, Smit L, Cane RD, De Andrade M. Sympathetic overactivity in tetanus: Fatality associated with propranolol. British Medical Journal 1978; 2: 254-5.
18. Wesley AG, Hariparsad D, Pather M, Rocke DA. Labetalol in tetanus. The treatment of sympathetic nervous system overactivity. Anaesthesia 1983; 38: 243-9.
19. Sutton DN, Tremlett MR, Woodcock TE, Nielsen MS. Management of autonomic dysfunction in severe tetanus: The use of magnesium sulphate and clonidine. Intensive Care Medicine 1990; 16: 75-80.
20. Gregorakos L, Kerezoudi E, Dimopoulos G, Thomaides T. Management of blood pressure instability in severe tetanus: The use of clonidine. Intensive Care Medicine 1997; 23: 893-5.
21. 2-adrenergic agonists. Anesthesiology 2000; 93: 1345-9.
22. Eisenhofer D, Goldstein DS, Stull R, et al. Simultaneous liquid chromatographic determination of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, catecholamines, and 3,4-dihydroxylphenylalanine in plasma, and their responses to inhibition of monoamine oxidase. Clinical Chemistry 1986; 32: 2030-3.