Circadian rhythms and sleep-the metabolic connection

Pflugers Archiv European Journal of Physiology

Volumn 463, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 23-30

  Albrecht, Urs ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FRIBOURG   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Adenosine; AMPK; Apoptosis; ATP release; Catecholamines; Cell death; cGMP; Circadian rhythm; Gene expression; Liver; Metabolism; Neuroendocrinology; Neurotransmitters; Nuclear receptors; Protein kinase; Protein kinases; Sleep apnea

Indexed keywords

CELL NUCLEUS RECEPTOR; NEUROTRANSMITTER; PROTEIN KINASE; RETINOID;

APOPTOSIS; BRAIN; CELL DEATH; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; GENE EXPRESSION; GLYCOGEN METABOLISM; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; LIVER; METABOLISM; NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SLEEP;

ANIMALS; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HUMANS; METABOLISM; SLEEP;

EID: 84856738922     PISSN: 00316768     EISSN: 14322013     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-011-0986-6     Document Type: Review

References (85)

1. A Ahnaou WH Drinkenburg 2011 Disruption of glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta activity leads to abnormalities in physiological measures in mice Behav Brain Res 221 1 246 252 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.03.004 21392539 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkvVKlt74%3D
2. L Appelbaum G Wang T Yokogawa GM Skariah SJ Smith P Mourrain E Mignot 2010 Circadian and homeostatic regulation of structural synaptic plasticity in hypocretin neurons Neuron 68 1 87 98 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.09.006 20920793 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXht1Cgu73M
3. J Arendt C Bojkowski C Franey J Wright V Marks 1985 Immunoassay of 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate in human plasma and urine: abolition of the urinary 24-hour rhythm with atenolol J Clin Endocrinol Metab 60 6 1166 1173 3998065 1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXktVSkt78%3D (Pubitemid 15064777)
4. SA Baldwin PR Beal SY Yao AE King CE Cass JD Young 2004 The equilibrative nucleoside transporter family, SLC29 Pflugers Arch 447 5 735 743 10.1007/s00424-003-1103-2 12838422 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVygsbk%3D (Pubitemid 38241459)
5. F Benedetti A Bernasconi C Lorenzi A Pontiggia A Serretti C Colombo E Smeraldi 2004 A single nucleotide polymorphism in glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta promoter gene influences onset of illness in patients affected by bipolar disorder Neurosci Lett 355 1-2 37 40 14729229 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjsFSnsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 38077179)
6. JH Benington HC Heller 1995 Restoration of brain energy metabolism as the function of sleep Prog Neurobiol 45 4 347 360 7624482 1:CAS:528: DyaK2MXlt1emsbw%3D
7. G Bianchi G Marchesini F Nicolino R Graziani D Sgarbi C Loguercio R Abbiati M Zoli 2005 Psychological status and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis Dig Liver Dis 37 8 593 600 10.1016/j.dld.2005.01.020 15869912 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2MvjslWqug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 44382339)
8. D Boison 2006 Adenosine kinase, epilepsy and stroke: mechanisms and therapies Trends Pharmacol Sci 27 12 652 658 10.1016/j.tips.2006.10.008 17056128 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1ersr7N (Pubitemid 44738092)
9. AA Borbely 1998 Processes underlying sleep regulation Horm Res 49 3-4 114 117 9550110 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXitVClsbs%3D (Pubitemid 28138323)
10. C Canto Z Gerhart-Hines JN Feige M Lagouge L Noriega JC Milne PJ Elliott P Puigserver J Auwerx 2009 AMPK regulates energy expenditure by modulating NAD∈+∈metabolism and SIRT1 activity Nature 458 7241 1056 1060 10.1038/nature07813 19262508 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXivVKltLc%3D
11. C Canto LQ Jiang AS Deshmukh C Mataki A Coste M Lagouge JR Zierath J Auwerx 2010 Interdependence of AMPK and SIRT1 for metabolic adaptation to fasting and exercise in skeletal muscle Cell Metab 11 3 213 219 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.02.006 20197054 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXlsVaju78%3D
12. S Chikahisa N Fujiki K Kitaoka N Shimizu H Sei 2009 Central AMPK contributes to sleep homeostasis in mice Neuropharmacology 57 4 369 374 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.07.015 19615388 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVeis7rN
13. C Cirelli CM Gutierrez G Tononi 2004 Extensive and divergent effects of sleep and wakefulness on brain gene expression Neuron 41 1 35 43 14715133 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnt12mtw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 38068433)
14. J Cordoba J Cabrera L Lataif P Penev P Zee AT Blei 1998 High prevalence of sleep disturbance in cirrhosis Hepatology 27 2 339 345 10.1002/hep. 510270204 9462628 1:STN:280:DyaK1c7it1Clsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28081044)
15. RA Cunha 2005 Neuroprotection by adenosine in the brain: from A(1) receptor activation to A (2A) receptor blockade Purinergic Signal 1 2 111 134 10.1007/s11302-005-0649-1 18404497 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXkslOgsb4%3D (Pubitemid 40466898)
16. S Datta F Desarnaud 2010 Protein kinase A in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus of rat contributes to regulation of rapid eye movement sleep J Neurosci 30 37 12263 12273 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1563-10.2010 20844122 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXht1Wgt7zF
17. L de Lecea TS Kilduff C Peyron X Gao PE Foye PE Danielson C Fukuhara EL Battenberg VT Gautvik FS Bartlett 2nd WN Frankel AN van den Pol FE Bloom KM Gautvik JG Sutcliffe 1998 The hypocretins: hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 1 322 327 9419374 (Pubitemid 28103952)
18. O Diaz-Ruiz L Navarro M Mendez-Diaz O Galicia JH Elder PP Sanna R Drucker-Colin O Prospero-Garcia 2001 Inhibition of the ERK pathway prevents HIVgp120-induced REM sleep increase Brain Res 913 1 78 81 11532249 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmt1ygsrs%3D (Pubitemid 32786933)
19. N Donner RJ Handa 2009 Estrogen receptor beta regulates the expression of tryptophan-hydroxylase 2 mRNA within serotonergic neurons of the rat dorsal raphe nuclei Neuroscience 163 2 705 718 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.06.046 19559077 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtV2ltLvI
20. CA Dudley C Erbel-Sieler SJ Estill M Reick P Franken S Pitts SL McKnight 2003 Altered patterns of sleep and behavioral adaptability in NPAS2-deficient mice Science 301 5631 379 383 10.1126/science.1082795 12843397 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXls1yhu7g%3D (Pubitemid 36877075)
21. P Franken DJ Dijk 2009 Circadian clock genes and sleep homeostasis Eur J Neurosci 29 9 1820 1829 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06723.x 19473235 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1MznsVegtg%3D%3D
22. P Franken CA Dudley SJ Estill M Barakat R Thomason BF O'Hara SL McKnight 2006 NPAS2 as a transcriptional regulator of non-rapid eye movement sleep: genotype and sex interactions Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 18 7118 7123 10.1073/pnas.0602006103 16636276 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkslCktLw%3D
23. H Fukushima R Maeda R Suzuki A Suzuki M Nomoto H Toyoda LJ Wu H Xu MG Zhao K Ueda A Kitamoto N Mamiya T Yoshida S Homma S Masushige M Zhuo S Kida 2008 Upregulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV improves memory formation and rescues memory loss with aging J Neurosci 28 40 9910 9919 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2625-08.2008 18829949 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1ChsLvJ
24. S Gery RK Virk K Chumakov A Yu HP Koeffler 2007 The clock gene Per2 links the circadian system to the estrogen receptor Oncogene 26 57 7916 7920 10.1038/sj.onc.1210585 17599055 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVaisr%2FK (Pubitemid 350262755)
25. DJ Gottlieb GT O'Connor JB Wilk 2007 Genome-wide association of sleep and circadian phenotypes BMC Med Genet 8 Suppl 1 S9 10.1186/1471-2350-8-S1-S9 17903308 (Pubitemid 351958752)
26. SP Grady S Nishino CA Czeisler D Hepner TE Scammell 2006 Diurnal variation in CSF orexin-A in healthy male subjects Sleep 29 3 295 297 16553014 (Pubitemid 44019951)
27. CB Green JS Takahashi J Bass 2008 The meter of metabolism Cell 134 5 728 742 10.1016/j.cell.2008.08.022 18775307 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFCqs7nI
28. G Hampp JA Ripperger T Houben I Schmutz C Blex S Perreau-Lenz I Brunk R Spanagel G Ahnert-Hilger JH Meijer U Albrecht 2008 Regulation of monoamine oxidase A by circadian-clock components implies clock influence on mood Curr Biol 18 9 678 683 10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.012 18439826 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXlvVWmtL0%3D
29. R Haque FG Ali R Biscoglia J Abey J Weller D Klein PM Iuvone 2010 CLOCK and NPAS2 have overlapping roles in the circadian oscillation of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase mRNA in chicken cone photoreceptors J Neurochem 113 5 1296 1306 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06698.x 20345751 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnt1Gnsbk%3D
30. K Hellman P Hernandez A Park T Abel 2010 Genetic evidence for a role for protein kinase A in the maintenance of sleep and thalamocortical oscillations Sleep 33 1 19 28 20120617
31. T Hirota Y Fukada 2004 Resetting mechanism of central and peripheral circadian clocks in mammals Zoolog Sci 21 4 359 368 15118222 (Pubitemid 38717916)
32. AK Ho CL Chik 2010 Modulation of Aanat gene transcription in the rat pineal gland J Neurochem 112 2 321 331 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06457.x 19860854 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVGjurk%3D
33. K Ibata Q Sun GG Turrigiano 2008 Rapid synaptic scaling induced by changes in postsynaptic firing Neuron 57 6 819 826 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.02.031 18367083 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXkt1ClsbY%3D (Pubitemid 351400640)
34. JB Jepson P Zaltzman S Udenfriend 1962 Microsomal hydroxylation of tryptamine, indoleacetic acid and related compounds, to 6-hydroxy derivatives Biochim Biophys Acta 62 91 102 14451693 1:CAS:528:DyaF38Xks1Cgsro%3D
35. X Jin LP Shearman DR Weaver MJ Zylka GJ de Vries SM Reppert 1999 A molecular mechanism regulating rhythmic output from the suprachiasmatic circadian clock Cell 96 1 57 68 9989497 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmslagtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 29044153)
36. AV Kalinchuk Y Lu D Stenberg PA Rosenberg T Porkka-Heiskanen 2006 Nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is required for recovery sleep J Neurochem 99 2 483 498 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04077.x 17029601 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtF2rsLjO (Pubitemid 44477205)
37. KS Kim CH Kim DY Hwang H Seo S Chung SJ Hong JK Lim T Anderson O Isacson 2003 Orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 directly transactivates the promoter activity of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene in a cell-specific manner J Neurochem 85 3 622 634 12694388 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnslyrsL0%3D (Pubitemid 36531925)
38. TD Kim KC Woo S Cho DC Ha SK Jang KT Kim 2007 Rhythmic control of AANAT translation by hnRNP Q in circadian melatonin production Genes Dev 21 7 797 810 10.1101/gad.1519507 17403780 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXktFGgs7g%3D (Pubitemid 46572359)
39. C Kopp U Albrecht B Zheng I Tobler 2002 Homeostatic sleep regulation is preserved in mPer1 and mPer2 mutant mice Eur J Neurosci 16 6 1099 1106 12383239 (Pubitemid 35463559)
40. W Krezel N Ghyselinck TA Samad V Dupe P Kastner E Borrelli P Chambon 1998 Impaired locomotion and dopamine signaling in retinoid receptor mutant mice Science 279 5352 863 867 9452386 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhtVOjtbY%3D (Pubitemid 28106280)
41. KA Lamia UM Sachdeva L DiTacchio EC Williams JG Alvarez DF Egan DS Vasquez H Juguilon S Panda RJ Shaw CB Thompson RM Evans 2009 AMPK regulates the circadian clock by cryptochrome phosphorylation and degradation Science 326 5951 437 440 10.1126/science.1172156 19833968 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1GgtLfK
42. J Lammi T Perlmann P Aarnisalo 2008 Corepressor interaction differentiates the permissive and non-permissive retinoid X receptor heterodimers Arch Biochem Biophys 472 2 105 114 10.1016/j.abb.2008.02.003 18282463 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXktVKgtrw%3D
43. S Langmesser P Franken S Feil Y Emmenegger U Albrecht R Feil 2009 cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I is implicated in the regulation of the timing and quality of sleep and wakefulness PLoS One 4 1 e4238 10.1371/journal.pone.0004238 19156199
44. A Laposky A Easton C Dugovic J Walisser C Bradfield F Turek 2005 Deletion of the mammalian circadian clock gene BMAL1/Mop3 alters baseline sleep architecture and the response to sleep deprivation Sleep 28 4 395 409 16171284 (Pubitemid 40489834)
45. Lehninger AL (1977) Biochemistry, 2nd edn. Worth, New York
46. S Maret P Franken Y Dauvilliers NB Ghyselinck P Chambon M Tafti 2005 Retinoic acid signaling affects cortical synchrony during sleep Science 310 5745 111 113 10.1126/science.1117623 16210540 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVOjsr7E (Pubitemid 41434547)
47. OJ Marston RH Williams MM Canal RE Samuels N Upton HD Piggins 2008 Circadian and dark-pulse activation of orexin/hypocretin neurons Mol Brain 1 19 10.1186/1756-6606-1-19 19055781
48. II Mathews MD Erion SE Ealick 1998 Structure of human adenosine kinase at 1.5 A resolution Biochemistry 37 45 15607 15620 10.1021/bi9815445. bi9815445 9843365 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmsleitbw%3D (Pubitemid 28524731)
49. S Montagnese B Middleton AR Mani DJ Skene MY Morgan 2009 Sleep and circadian abnormalities in patients with cirrhosis: features of delayed sleep phase syndrome? Metab Brain Dis 24 3 427 439 10.1007/s11011-009-9146-5 19756996
50. EJ Nestler WA Carlezon Jr 2006 The mesolimbic dopamine reward circuit in depression Biol Psychiatry 59 12 1151 1159 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.09.018 16566899 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmtVOitrk%3D (Pubitemid 44192421)
51. H Oster C Werner MC Magnone H Mayser R Feil MW Seeliger F Hofmann U Albrecht 2003 cGMP-dependent protein kinase II modulates mPer1 and mPer2 gene induction and influences phase shifts of the circadian clock Curr Biol 13 9 725 733 12725729 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjsVGltb8%3D (Pubitemid 36531019)
52. S Palchykova R Winsky-Sommerer HY Shen D Boison A Gerling I Tobler 2010 Manipulation of adenosine kinase affects sleep regulation in mice J Neurosci 30 39 13157 13165 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1359-10.2010 20881134 1:CAS:528: DC%2BC3cXht1KisLnL
53. T Perlmann L Jansson 1995 A novel pathway for vitamin A signaling mediated by RXR heterodimerization with NGFI-B and NURR1 Genes Dev 9 7 769 782 7705655 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltVaht7c%3D
54. T Porkka-Heiskanen L Alanko A Kalinchuk D Stenberg 2002 Adenosine and sleep Sleep Med Rev 6 4 321 332 12531135 (Pubitemid 36527690)
55. N Preitner F Damiola L Lopez-Molina J Zakany D Duboule U Albrecht U Schibler 2002 The orphan nuclear receptor REV-ERBalpha controls circadian transcription within the positive limb of the mammalian circadian oscillator Cell 110 2 251 260 12150932 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlvV2htrk%3D (Pubitemid 34876552)
56. M Radulovacki 1985 Role of adenosine in sleep in rats Rev Clin Basic Pharm 5 3-4 327 339 3916307 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhvV2mtbk%3D (Pubitemid 17003072)
57. DM Raizen JE Zimmerman MH Maycock UD Ta YJ You MV Sundaram AI Pack 2008 Lethargus is a Caenorhabditis elegans sleep-like state Nature 451 7178 569 572 10.1038/nature06535 18185515 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhs1entL4%3D (Pubitemid 351186273)
58. Ripperger JA, Jud C, Albrecht U (2011) The daily rhythm of mice. FEBS Lett. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.02.027
59. JA Ripperger I Schmutz U Albrecht 2010 PERsuading nuclear receptors to dance the circadian rhythm Cell Cycle 9 13 2513 2519
60. T Sakurai A Amemiya M Ishii I Matsuzaki RM Chemelli H Tanaka SC Williams JA Richardson GP Kozlowski S Wilson JR Arch RE Buckingham AC Haynes SA Carr RS Annan DE McNulty WS Liu JA Terrett NA Elshourbagy DJ Bergsma M Yanagisawa 1998 Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior Cell 92 4 573 585 9491897 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhsVKntr4%3D (Pubitemid 28101119)
61. RM Salomon B Ripley JS Kennedy B Johnson D Schmidt JM Zeitzer S Nishino E Mignot 2003 Diurnal variation of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (Orexin-A) levels in control and depressed subjects Biol Psychiatry 54 2 96 104 12873798 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlsVWqsb4%3D (Pubitemid 36859768)
62. CB Saper PM Fuller NP Pedersen J Lu TE Scammell 2010 Sleep state switching Neuron 68 6 1023 1042 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.032 21172606 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsFykt7rO
63. I Schmutz JA Ripperger S Baeriswyl-Aebischer U Albrecht 2010 The mammalian clock component PERIOD2 coordinates circadian output by interaction with nuclear receptors Genes Dev 24 4 345 357 10.1101/gad.564110 20159955 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXisVeltLs%3D
64. EM Schwiebert A Zsembery 2003 Extracellular ATP as a signaling molecule for epithelial cells Biochim Biophys Acta 1615 1-2 7 32 12948585 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXms1yrsbw%3D (Pubitemid 37013465)
65. H Sei 2008 Vitamin A and sleep regulation J Med Invest 55 1-2 1 8 18319539 (Pubitemid 351643587)
66. Shostak A, Landgraf D, Oster H (2011) Clock genes and sleep. Pflugers Arch-Eur J Physiol (in press)
67. HW Steenland V Wu H Fukushima S Kida M Zhuo 2010 CaMKIV over-expression boosts cortical 4-7 Hz oscillations during learning and 1-4 Hz delta oscillations during sleep Mol Brain 3 16 10.1186/1756-6606-3-16 20497541
68. PE Steindl P Ferenci W Marktl 1997 Impaired hepatic catabolism of melatonin in cirrhosis Ann Intern Med 127 6 494 9313015 1:STN:280: DyaK2svktVSguw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 27400918)
69. PE Steindl B Finn B Bendok S Rothke PC Zee AT Blei 1995 Disruption of the diurnal rhythm of plasma melatonin in cirrhosis Ann Intern Med 123 4 274 277 7611593 1:STN:280:DyaK2Mzjs1Sisg%3D%3D
70. RE Strecker S Morairty MM Thakkar T Porkka-Heiskanen R Basheer LJ Dauphin DG Rainnie CM Portas RW Greene RW McCarley 2000 Adenosinergic modulation of basal forebrain and preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neuronal activity in the control of behavioral state Behav Brain Res 115 2 183 204 11000420 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXms1Sqtrk%3D
71. SS Sullivan C Guilleminault 2009 Emerging drugs for insomnia: new frontiers for old and novel targets Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 14 3 411 422 10.1517/14728210903171948 19708818 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVCgurbF
72. S Taheri D Sunter C Dakin S Moyes L Seal J Gardiner M Rossi M Ghatei S Bloom 2000 Diurnal variation in orexin A immunoreactivity and prepro-orexin mRNA in the rat central nervous system Neurosci Lett 279 2 109 112 10674633 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmtVOksA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30055293)
73. S Tanaka T Kodama T Nonaka H Toyoda M Arai M Fukazawa Y Honda M Honda E Mignot 2010 Transcriptional regulation of the hypocretin/orexin gene by NR6A1 Biochem Biophys Res Commun 403 2 178 183 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.001 21056546 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsFGgsrfK
74. JH Um JS Pendergast DA Springer M Foretz B Viollet A Brown MK Kim S Yamazaki JH Chung 2011 AMPK regulates circadian rhythms in a tissue- and isoform-specific manner PLoS One 6 3 e18450 10.1371/journal.pone.0018450 21483791 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkvVeltbY%3D
75. JH Um S Yang S Yamazaki H Kang B Viollet M Foretz JH Chung 2007 Activation of 5′-AMP-activated kinase with diabetes drug metformin induces casein kinase Iepsilon (CKIepsilon)-dependent degradation of clock protein mPer2 J Biol Chem 282 29 20794 20798 10.1074/jbc.C700070200 17525164 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXns1ygur4%3D (Pubitemid 47099893)
76. K Vanselow A Kramer 2007 Role of phosphorylation in the mammalian circadian clock Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 72 167 176 10.1101/sqb.2007.72. 036 18419274 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXnvVWls7s%3D
77. VV Vyazovskiy U Olcese EC Hanlon Y Nir C Cirelli G Tononi 2011 Local sleep in awake rats Nature 472 7344 443 447 10.1038/nature10009 21525926 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXlsVSjtb0%3D
78. F Wei CS Qiu J Liauw DA Robinson N Ho T Chatila M Zhuo 2002 Calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV is required for fear memory Nat Neurosci 5 6 573 579 10.1038/nn855 12006982 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjvVygu7Y%3D (Pubitemid 34569000)
79. JP Wisor BF O'Hara A Terao CP Selby TS Kilduff A Sancar DM Edgar P Franken 2002 A role for cryptochromes in sleep regulation BMC Neurosci 3 20 12495442
80. Y Xu QS Padiath RE Shapiro CR Jones SC Wu N Saigoh K Saigoh LJ Ptacek YH Fu 2005 Functional consequences of a CKIdelta mutation causing familial advanced sleep phase syndrome Nature 434 7033 640 644 10.1038/nature03453 15800623 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXislCmsLw%3D (Pubitemid 40488555)
81. L Yin J Wang PS Klein MA Lazar 2006 Nuclear receptor Rev-erbalpha is a critical lithium-sensitive component of the circadian clock Science 311 5763 1002 1005 10.1126/science.1121613 16484495 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhsFSms78%3D (Pubitemid 43271727)
82. L Yin N Wu JC Curtin M Qatanani NR Szwergold RA Reid GM Waitt DJ Parks KH Pearce GB Wisely MA Lazar 2007 Rev-erbalpha, a heme sensor that coordinates metabolic and circadian pathways Science 318 5857 1786 1789 10.1126/science. 1150179 18006707 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVWhu7bE (Pubitemid 350274391)
83. J Zhang K Kaasik MR Blackburn CC Lee 2006 Constant darkness is a circadian metabolic signal in mammals Nature 439 7074 340 343 10.1038/nature04368 16421573 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkvF2mtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 43128859)
84. X Zhang JM Beaulieu TD Sotnikova RR Gainetdinov MG Caron 2004 Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 controls brain serotonin synthesis Science 305 5681 217 10.1126/science.1097540. 305/5681/217 15247473 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXls1yisLk%3D (Pubitemid 38886729)
85. H Zimmermann 2000 Extracellular metabolism of ATP and other nucleotides Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 362 4-5 299 309 11111825 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXotFCru78%3D