메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 1093-1100

Sub-lamellar microcracking and roles of canaliculi in human cortical bone

Author keywords

Bone fracture; Canaliculi; Cortical bone; Inelastic deformation; Microcracking

Indexed keywords

BONE; CRACKS; LAMELLAR STRUCTURES; MICROCRACKING;

EID: 84856531204     PISSN: 17427061     EISSN: 18787568     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.11.013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (47)

References (71)
  • 2
    • 0032029664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone
    • DOI 10.1016/S1350-4533(98)00007-1, PII S1350453398000071
    • J.Y. Rho, L. Kuhn-Spearing, and P. Zioupos Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone Med Eng Phys 20 1998 92 102 (Pubitemid 28318322)
    • (1998) Medical Engineering and Physics , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 92-102
    • Rho, J.-Y.1    Kuhn-Spearing, L.2    Zioupos, P.3
  • 3
    • 0031638368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The material bone: Structure-mechanical function relations
    • S. Weiner, and H.D. Wagner The material bone: structure mechanical function relations Annu Rev Mater Sci 28 1998 271 298 (Pubitemid 128631421)
    • (1998) Annual Review of Materials Science , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 271-298
    • Weiner, S.1    Wagner, H.D.2
  • 5
    • 0016801068 scopus 로고
    • The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue
    • D.T. Reilly, and A.H. Burstein The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue J Biomech 8 1975 393 405
    • (1975) J Biomech , vol.8 , pp. 393-405
    • Reilly, D.T.1    Burstein, A.H.2
  • 6
    • 0028434168 scopus 로고
    • An examination of the micromechanics of failure of bone and antler by acoustic emission tests and Laser Scanning Confocal microscopy
    • Building Bridges
    • P. Zioupos, J.D. Currey, and A.J. Sedman An examination of the micromechanics of failure of bone and antler by acoustic emission tests and laser scanning confocal microscopy Med Eng Phys 16 1994 203 212 (Pubitemid 24142487)
    • (1994) Medical Engineering and Physics , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 203-212
    • Zioupos, P.1    Currey, J.D.2    Sedman, A.J.3
  • 7
    • 33644803353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms governing the inelastic deformation of cortical bone and application to trabecular bone
    • DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2005.08.004, PII S1742706105001224
    • C. Mercer, M.Y. He, R. Wang, and A.G. Evans Mechanisms governing the inelastic deformation of cortical bone and application to trabecular bone Acta Biomater 2 2006 59 68 (Pubitemid 43348745)
    • (2006) Acta Biomaterialia , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-68
    • Mercer, C.1    He, M.Y.2    Wang, R.3    Evans, A.G.4
  • 8
    • 58149391174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unique microcracking process associated with the inelastic deformation of Haversian bone
    • V. Ebacher, and R. Wang A unique microcracking process associated with the inelastic deformation of Haversian bone Adv Funct Mater 19 2009 57 66
    • (2009) Adv Funct Mater , vol.19 , pp. 57-66
    • Ebacher, V.1    Wang, R.2
  • 9
    • 0028484874 scopus 로고
    • The physics and mechanics of fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites
    • A.G. Evans, and F.W. Zok The physics and mechanics of fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites J Mater Sci 29 1994 3857 3896
    • (1994) J Mater Sci , vol.29 , pp. 3857-3896
    • Evans, A.G.1    Zok, F.W.2
  • 12
    • 79960116333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deformation and fracture mechanisms of bone and nacre
    • R. Wang, and H.S. Gupta Deformation and fracture mechanisms of bone and nacre Ann Rev Mater Res 41 2011 12.1 12.33
    • (2011) Ann Rev Mater Res , vol.41 , pp. 121-1233
    • Wang, R.1    Gupta, H.S.2
  • 13
    • 34347399570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular nanomechanics of nascent bone: Fibrillar toughening by mineralization
    • M.J. Buehler Molecular nanomechanics of nascent bone: fibrillar toughening by mineralization Nanotechnology 18 2007 295102
    • (2007) Nanotechnology , vol.18 , pp. 295102
    • Buehler, M.J.1
  • 14
    • 34249909513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoscale heterogeneity promotes energy dissipation in bone
    • DOI 10.1038/nmat1911, PII NMAT1911
    • K. Tai, M. Dao, S. Suresh, A. Palazoglu, and C. Ortiz Nanoscale heterogeneity promotes energy dissipation in bone Nat Mater 6 2007 454 462 (Pubitemid 46869995)
    • (2007) Nature Materials , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 454-462
    • Tai, K.1    Dao, M.2    Suresh, S.3    Palazoglu, A.4    Ortiz, C.5
  • 15
    • 0033798413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralized collagen fibrils: A mechanical model with a staggered arrangement of mineral particles
    • I. Jager, and P. Fratzl Mineralized collagen fibrils: a mechanical model with a staggered arrangement of mineral particles Biophys J 79 2000 1737 1746
    • (2000) Biophys J , vol.79 , pp. 1737-1746
    • Jager, I.1    Fratzl, P.2
  • 19
    • 34548165105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoscale ion mediated networks in bone: Osteopontin can repeatedly dissipate large amounts of energy
    • DOI 10.1021/nl0712769
    • G.E. Fantner, J. Adams, P. Turner, P.J. Thurner, L.W. Fisher, and P.K. Hansma Nanoscale ion mediated networks in bone: osteopontin can repeatedly dissipate large amounts of energy Nano Lett 7 2007 2491 2498 (Pubitemid 47310151)
    • (2007) Nano Letters , vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp. 2491-2498
    • Fantner, G.E.1    Adams, J.2    Turner, P.3    Thurner, P.J.4    Fisher, L.W.5    Hansma, P.K.6
  • 20
    • 0028377564 scopus 로고
    • The extent of microcracking and the morphology of microcracks in damaged bone
    • P. Zioupos, and J.D. Currey The extent of microcracking and the morphology of microcracks in damaged bone J Mater Sci 29 1994 978 986
    • (1994) J Mater Sci , vol.29 , pp. 978-986
    • Zioupos, P.1    Currey, J.D.2
  • 21
    • 34047254339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain redistribution and cracking behavior of human bone during bending
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bone.2006.12.065, PII S8756328206009094
    • V. Ebacher, C. Tang, H. McKay, T.R. Oxland, P. Guy, and R. Wang Strain redistribution and cracking behavior of human bone during bending Bone 40 2007 1265 1275 (Pubitemid 46550969)
    • (2007) Bone , vol.40 , Issue.5 , pp. 1265-1275
    • Ebacher, V.1    Tang, C.2    McKay, H.3    Oxland, T.R.4    Guy, P.5    Wang, R.6
  • 22
    • 53149154447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcracking damage and the fracture process in relation to strain rate in human cortical bone tensile failure
    • P. Zioupos, U. Hansen, and J.D. Currey Microcracking damage and the fracture process in relation to strain rate in human cortical bone tensile failure J Biomech 41 2008 2932 2939
    • (2008) J Biomech , vol.41 , pp. 2932-2939
    • Zioupos, P.1    Hansen, U.2    Currey, J.D.3
  • 24
    • 0033104358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of microcracking and failure in bone depends on the loading mode to which it is adapted
    • G.C. Reilly, and J.D. Currey The development of microcracking and failure in bone depends on the loading mode to which it is adapted J Exp Biol 202 1999 543 552 (Pubitemid 29147664)
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.202 , Issue.5 , pp. 543-552
    • Reilly, G.C.1    Currey, J.D.2
  • 25
    • 0034286949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of microdamage around osteocyte lacunae in bone
    • DOI 10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00090-7, PII S0021929000000907
    • G.C. Reilly Observations of microdamage around osteocyte lacunae in bone J Biomech 33 2000 1131 1134 (Pubitemid 30330858)
    • (2000) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.33 , Issue.9 , pp. 1131-1134
    • Reilly, G.C.1
  • 27
    • 14244268125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of bone microstructure on the initiation and growth of microcracks
    • DOI 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.08.005, PII S0736026604001743
    • F.J. O'Brien, D. Taylor, and T. Clive Lee The effect of bone microstructure on the initiation and growth of microcracks J Orthop Res 23 2005 475 480 (Pubitemid 40287878)
    • (2005) Journal of Orthopaedic Research , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 475-480
    • O'Brien, F.J.1    Taylor, D.2    Lee, T.C.3
  • 29
    • 0343852894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microdamage of human cortical bone: Incidence and morphology in long bones
    • DOI 10.1016/S8756-3282(97)00004-5, PII S8756328297000045
    • T.L. Norman, and Z. Wang Microdamage of human cortical bone: incidence and morphology in long bones Bone 20 1997 375 379 (Pubitemid 27196661)
    • (1997) Bone , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 375-379
    • Wang, Z.1    Norman, T.L.2
  • 30
    • 49249118532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The true toughness of human cortical bone measured with realistically short cracks
    • K.J. Koester, J.W. Ager III, and R.O. Ritchie The true toughness of human cortical bone measured with realistically short cracks Nat Mater 7 2008 672
    • (2008) Nat Mater , vol.7 , pp. 672
    • Koester, K.J.1    Ager Iii, J.W.2    Ritchie, R.O.3
  • 31
    • 0037362192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic fracture criteria for the failure of human cortical bone
    • R.K. Nalla, J.H. Kinney, and R.O. Ritchie Mechanistic fracture criteria for the failure of human cortical bone Nat Mater 2 2003 164 168
    • (2003) Nat Mater , vol.2 , pp. 164-168
    • Nalla, R.K.1    Kinney, J.H.2    Ritchie, R.O.3
  • 32
    • 33646167262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchical interconnections in the nano-composite material bone: Fibrillar cross-links resist fracture on several length scales
    • G.E. Fantner Hierarchical interconnections in the nano-composite material bone: fibrillar cross-links resist fracture on several length scales Compos Sci Technol 66 2006 1205 1211
    • (2006) Compos Sci Technol , vol.66 , pp. 1205-1211
    • Fantner, G.E.1
  • 33
    • 33947198261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchy of bone microdamage at multiple length scales
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.09.010, PII S0142112306002647
    • D. Vashishth Hierarchy of bone microdamage at multiple length scales Int J Fatigue 29 2007 1024 1033 (Pubitemid 46435702)
    • (2007) International Journal of Fatigue , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 1024-1033
    • Vashishth, D.1
  • 34
    • 77649097657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circumferential arc-shaped microcracks in Haversian bone: Lead-uranyl acetate staining for micro-CT imaging, in structure-property relationships in biomineralized and biomimetic composites
    • V. Ebacher, and R. Wang Circumferential arc-shaped microcracks in Haversian bone: lead-uranyl acetate staining for micro-CT imaging, in structure-property relationships in biomineralized and biomimetic composites Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 1187 2009 141 146
    • (2009) Mater Res Soc Symp Proc , vol.1187 , pp. 141-146
    • Ebacher, V.1    Wang, R.2
  • 36
    • 0141453861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The many adaptations of bone
    • DOI 10.1016/S0021-9290(03)00124-6
    • J.D. Currey The many adaptations of bone J Biomech 36 2003 1487 1495 (Pubitemid 37117355)
    • (2003) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.36 , Issue.10 , pp. 1487-1495
    • Currey, J.D.1
  • 37
    • 0017259906 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical similarities between alternate osteons and cross-ply laminates
    • A. Ascenzi, and E. Bonucci Mechanical similarities between alternate osteons and cross-ply laminates J Biomech 9 1976 65 71
    • (1976) J Biomech , vol.9 , pp. 65-71
    • Ascenzi, A.1    Bonucci, E.2
  • 38
    • 0034775311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse damage accumulation in the fracture process zone of human cortical bone specimens and its influence on fracture toughness
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1017916800421
    • G.P. Parsamian, and T.L. Norman Diffuse damage accumulation in the fracture process zone of human cortical bone specimens and its influence on fracture toughness J Mater Sci Mater Med 12 2001 779 783 (Pubitemid 32996118)
    • (2001) Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine , vol.12 , Issue.9 , pp. 779-783
    • Parsamian, G.P.1    Norman, T.L.2
  • 39
    • 0022647609 scopus 로고
    • Orientation of collagen fibers at the boundary between two successive osteonic lamellae and its mechanical interpretation
    • DOI 10.1016/0021-9290(86)90022-9
    • A. Ascenzi, and A. Benvenuti Orientation of collagen fibers at the boundary between 2 successive osteonic lamellae and its mechanical interpretation J Biomech 19 1986 455 463 (Pubitemid 16096492)
    • (1986) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 455-463
    • Ascenzi, A.1    Benvenuti, A.2
  • 40
    • 0022904120 scopus 로고
    • A study of lamellar organisation in juvenile and adult human bone
    • S.A. Reid A study of lamellar organisation in juvenile and adult human bone Anat Embryol 174 1986 329 338 (Pubitemid 16043639)
    • (1986) Anatomy and Embryology , vol.174 , Issue.3 , pp. 329-338
    • Reid, S.A.1
  • 41
    • 34547686251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raman imaging of two orthogonal planes within cortical bone
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bone.2007.04.200, PII S8756328207003973
    • M. Kazanci, H.D. Wagner, N.I. Manjubala, H.S. Gupta, E. Paschalis, and P. Roschger Raman imaging of two orthogonal planes within cortical bone Bone 41 2007 456 461 (Pubitemid 47208629)
    • (2007) Bone , vol.41 , Issue.3 , pp. 456-461
    • Kazanci, M.1    Wagner, H.D.2    Manjubala, N.I.3    Gupta, H.S.4    Paschalis, E.5    Roschger, P.6    Fratzl, P.7
  • 42
    • 0023443519 scopus 로고
    • Collagen fibre orientation in bovine secondary osteons by collagenase etching
    • M. Green, D.H. Isaac, and G.M. Jenkins Collagen fibre orientation in bovine secondary osteons by collagenase etching Biomaterials 8 1987 427 432
    • (1987) Biomaterials , vol.8 , pp. 427-432
    • Green, M.1    Isaac, D.H.2    Jenkins, G.M.3
  • 43
    • 67649449345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-lapsed assessment of microcrack initiation and propagation in murine cortical bone at submicrometer resolution
    • R. Voide Time-lapsed assessment of microcrack initiation and propagation in murine cortical bone at submicrometer resolution Bone 45 2009 164 173
    • (2009) Bone , vol.45 , pp. 164-173
    • Voide, R.1
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0033104453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the lamellar interface during torsional yielding of human cortical bone
    • DOI 10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00179-1, PII S0021929098001791
    • K.J. Jepsen, D.T. Davy, and D.J. Krzypow The role of the lamellar interface during torsional yielding of human cortical bone J Biomech 32 1999 303 310 (Pubitemid 29125454)
    • (1999) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 303-310
    • Jepsen, K.J.1    Davy, D.T.2    Krzypow, D.J.3
  • 47
    • 0021960062 scopus 로고
    • Bone remodeling in response to in vivo fatigue microdamage
    • DOI 10.1016/0021-9290(85)90204-0
    • D.B. Burr, R.B. Martin, M.B. Schaffler, and E.L. Radin Bone remodeling in response to in vivo fatigue microdamage J Biomech 18 1985 189 200 (Pubitemid 15112335)
    • (1985) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 189-200
    • Burr, D.B.1    Bruce Martin, R.2    Schaffler, M.B.3    Radin, E.L.4
  • 48
    • 0024415231 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical and morphological effects of strain rate on fatigue of compact bone
    • DOI 10.1016/8756-3282(89)90055-0
    • M.B. Schaffler, E.L. Radin, and D.B. Burr Mechanical and morphological effects of strain rate on fatigue of compact bone Bone 10 1989 207 214 (Pubitemid 19249348)
    • (1989) Bone , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 207-214
    • Schaffler, M.B.1    Radin, E.L.2    Burr, D.B.3
  • 49
    • 0029609986 scopus 로고
    • Aging and matrix microdamage accumulation in human compact bone
    • DOI 10.1016/8756-3282(95)00370-3
    • M.B. Schaffler, K. Choi, and C. Milgrom Aging and matrix microdamage accumulation in human compact bone Bone 17 1995 521 525 (Pubitemid 26017572)
    • (1995) Bone , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 521-525
    • Schaffler, M.B.1    Choi, K.2    Milgrom, C.3
  • 50
    • 0034315681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nature of fatigue damage in bone
    • T.C. Lee, F.J. O'Brien, and D. Taylor The nature of fatigue damage in bone Int J Fatigue 22 2000 847 853
    • (2000) Int J Fatigue , vol.22 , pp. 847-853
    • Lee, T.C.1    O'Brien, F.J.2    Taylor, D.3
  • 51
    • 0016974131 scopus 로고
    • Bone remodeling. I. Theory of adaptive elasticity
    • S.C. Cowin, and D.H. Hegedus Bone remodeling. I. Theory of adaptive elasticity J Elast 6 1976 313 326
    • (1976) J Elast , vol.6 , pp. 313-326
    • Cowin, S.C.1    Hegedus, D.H.2
  • 52
    • 0002093244 scopus 로고
    • Presence of microscopic cracks in vivo in bone
    • H.M. Frost Presence of microscopic cracks in vivo in bone Henry Ford Hosp Med Bull 1960 27 35
    • (1960) Henry Ford Hosp Med Bull , pp. 27-35
    • Frost, H.M.1
  • 53
    • 0020067149 scopus 로고
    • A hypothetical mechanism for the stimulation of osteonal remodelling by fatigue damage
    • R.B. Martin, and D.B. Burr A hypothetical mechanism for the stimulation of osteonal remodeling by fatigue damage J Biomech 15 1982 137 139 (Pubitemid 12156614)
    • (1982) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 137-139
    • Martin, R.B.1    Burr, D.B.2
  • 54
    • 0031719754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracortical remodeling in adult rat long bones after fatigue loading
    • DOI 10.1016/S8756-3282(98)00104-5, PII S8756328298001045
    • V. Bentolila, T.M. Boyce, D.P. Fyhrie, R. Drumb, T.M. Skerry, and M.B. Schaffler Intracortical remodeling in adult rat long bones after fatigue loading Bone 23 1998 275 281 (Pubitemid 28434672)
    • (1998) Bone , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 275-281
    • Bentolila, V.1    Boyce, T.M.2    Fyhrie, D.P.3    Drumb, R.4    Skerry, T.M.5    Schaffler, M.B.6
  • 55
    • 0033981552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of osteocyte integrity in association with microdamage and bone remodeling after fatigue in vivo
    • O. Verborgt, G.J. Gibson, and M.B. Schaffler Loss of osteocyte integrity in association with microdamage and bone remodeling after fatigue in vivo J Bone Miner Res 15 2000 60 67 (Pubitemid 30026933)
    • (2000) Journal of Bone and Mineral Research , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-67
    • Verborgt, O.1    Gibson, G.J.2    Schaffler, M.B.3
  • 56
    • 0017654342 scopus 로고
    • Transport mechanism operating between blood supply and osteocytes in long bones
    • DOI 10.1038/269080a0
    • K. Piekarski, and M. Munro Transport mechanism operating between blood supply and osteocytes in long bones Nature 269 1977 80 82 (Pubitemid 8160686)
    • (1977) Nature , vol.269 , Issue.5623 , pp. 80-82
    • Piekarski, K.1    Munro, M.2
  • 57
    • 0028386524 scopus 로고
    • A model for the excitation of osteocytes by mechanical loading-induced bone fluid shear stresses
    • DOI 10.1016/0021-9290(94)90010-8
    • S. Weinbaum, S.C. Cowin, and Y. Zeng A model for the excitation of osteocytes by mechanical loading-induced bone fluid shear stresses J Biomech 27 1994 339 360 (Pubitemid 24061729)
    • (1994) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 339-360
    • Weinbaum, S.1
  • 58
    • 0032895922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanotransduction in bone - Role of the lacuno-canalicular network
    • E.H. Burger, and J. Klein-Nulend Mechanotransduction in bone - role of the lacuno-canalicular network FASEB J 13 1999 S101 S112
    • (1999) FASEB J , vol.13
    • Burger, E.H.1    Klein-Nulend, J.2
  • 60
    • 20544471132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The morphological association between microcracks and osteocyte lacunae in human cortical bone
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bone.2005.01.023, PII S8756328205000086
    • S.J. Qiu, D.S. Rao, D.P. Fyhrie, S. Palnitkar, and A.M. Parfitt The morphological association between microcracks and osteocyte lacunae in human cortical bone Bone 37 2005 10 15 (Pubitemid 40848412)
    • (2005) Bone , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-15
    • Qiu, S.1    Rao, D.S.2    Fyhrie, D.P.3    Palnitkar, S.4    Parfitt, A.M.5
  • 61
    • 33745845537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microdamage: A cell transducing mechanism based on ruptured osteocyte processes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.06.006, PII S0021929005002721
    • J.G. Hazenberg, M. Freeley, E. Foran, T.C. Lee, and D. Taylor Microdamage: a cell transducing mechanism based on ruptured osteocyte processes J Biomech 39 2006 2096 2103 (Pubitemid 44038721)
    • (2006) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.39 , Issue.11 , pp. 2096-2103
    • Hazenberg, J.G.1    Freeley, M.2    Foran, E.3    Lee, T.C.4    Taylor, D.5
  • 62
    • 78249262917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decrease in the osteocyte lacunar density accompanied by hypermineralized lacunar occlusion reveals failure and delay of remodeling in aged human bone
    • B. Busse Decrease in the osteocyte lacunar density accompanied by hypermineralized lacunar occlusion reveals failure and delay of remodeling in aged human bone Aging Cell 9 2010 1065 1075
    • (2010) Aging Cell , vol.9 , pp. 1065-1075
    • Busse, B.1
  • 63
    • 56549088244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orientation of collagen at the osteocyte lacunae in human secondary osteons
    • M. Ascenzi, J. Gill, and A. Lomovtsev Orientation of collagen at the osteocyte lacunae in human secondary osteons J Biomech 41 2008 3426 3435
    • (2008) J Biomech , vol.41 , pp. 3426-3435
    • Ascenzi, M.1    Gill, J.2    Lomovtsev, A.3
  • 64
    • 34548108157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical behavior of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymers under transverse compression: Microscopic mechanisms and modeling
    • DOI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.02.001, PII S0266353807000711
    • C. Gonzalez, and J. LLorca Mechanical behavior of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymers under transverse compression: microscopic mechanisms and modeling Compos Sci Technol 67 2007 2795 2806 (Pubitemid 47289208)
    • (2007) Composites Science and Technology , vol.67 , Issue.13 , pp. 2795-2806
    • Gonzalez, C.1    Llorca, J.2
  • 65
    • 0015627632 scopus 로고
    • An approach to the mechanical properties of single osteonic lamellae
    • A. Ascenzi, E. Bonucci, and A. Simkin An approach to the mechanical properties of single osteonic lamellae J Biomech 6 1973 227 235
    • (1973) J Biomech , vol.6 , pp. 227-235
    • Ascenzi, A.1    Bonucci, E.2    Simkin, A.3
  • 66
    • 0031081033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scanning electron microscopy of human cortical bone failure surfaces
    • DOI 10.1016/S0021-9290(96)00102-9, PII S0021929096001029
    • P. Braidotti, F.P. Branca, and L. Stagni Scanning electron microscopy of human cortical bone failure surfaces J Biomech 30 1997 155 162 (Pubitemid 27029794)
    • (1997) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-162
    • Braidotti, P.1    Branca, F.P.2    Stagni, L.3
  • 67
    • 56249142300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fracture of bone tissue: The 'hows' and the 'whys'
    • H.S. Gupta, and P. Zioupos Fracture of bone tissue: the 'hows' and the 'whys' Med Eng Phys 30 2008 1209 1226
    • (2008) Med Eng Phys , vol.30 , pp. 1209-1226
    • Gupta, H.S.1    Zioupos, P.2
  • 68
    • 0022677675 scopus 로고
    • Failure of brittle solids containing small cracks under compressive stress states
    • DOI 10.1016/0001-6160(86)90086-6
    • M.F. Ashby, and S.D. Hallam The failure of brittle solids containing small cracks under compressive stress states Acta Metall 34 1986 497 510 (Pubitemid 16490265)
    • (1986) Acta Metallurgica , vol.34 , Issue.3 , pp. 497-510
    • Ashby, M.F.1    Hallam, S.D.2
  • 69
    • 0035091321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of in-vivo fatigue microdamage and its relation to biomechanical properties in ageing human cortical bone
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00783.x
    • P. Zioupos Accumulation of in-vivo fatigue microdamage and its relation to biomechanical properties in ageing human cortical bone J Microsc 201 2001 270 278 (Pubitemid 32202603)
    • (2001) Journal of Microscopy , vol.201 , Issue.2 , pp. 270-278
    • Zioupos, P.1
  • 70
    • 33846591373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology, localization and accumulation of in vivo microdamage in human cortical bone
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bone.2006.09.027, PII S8756328206007435
    • T. Diab, and D. Vashishth Morphology, localization and accumulation of in vivo microdamage in human cortical bone Bone 40 2007 612 618 (Pubitemid 46187218)
    • (2007) Bone , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 612-618
    • Diab, T.1    Vashishth, D.2
  • 71
    • 0028071575 scopus 로고
    • Examination of compact bone microdamage using back-scattered electron microscopy
    • DOI 10.1016/8756-3282(94)90271-2
    • M.B. Schaffler, W.C. Pitchford, K. Choi, and J.M. Riddle Examination of compact bone microdamage using back-scattered electron microscopy Bone 15 1994 483 488 (Pubitemid 24249205)
    • (1994) Bone , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 483-488
    • Schaffler, M.B.1    Pitchford, W.C.2    Choi, K.3    Riddle, J.M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.