Feminising and masculinising primary teaching: A critical examination of the interpretive frameworks of male primary school principals in Hong Kong

Gender and Education

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 745-759

  Chan, Anita K W ^a  

^a THE EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Feminisation; Leadership; Male principals; Narrative strategies; Primary schools

Indexed keywords

EID: 84855740593     PISSN: 09540253     EISSN: 13600516     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09540253.2011.611041     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Acker, J. 1990. Hierarchies, jobs, bodies: A theory of gendered organisations. Gender and Society 4: 139-58.
2. Acker, S. 1994. Gendered education. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
3. Adler, S., J. Laney, and M. Packer. 1993. Managing women. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
4. Allan, J. 1993. Male elementary teachers. In Doing 'women's work': Men in non-traditional occupations, ed. C. Williams, 113-127. London: Sage.
5. Allard, A. 2004. Speaking of gender: Teachers' metaphorical constructs of male and female students. Gender and Education 16: 347-63.
6. Ashley, M. 2001. Primary school boys' identity formation and the male role model: An exploration of sexual identity and gender identity in the UK through attachment theory. Sex Education 3: 257-71.
7. Blackmore, J. 1999. Troubling women: Feminism, leadership and educational change. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
8. Blackmore, J. 2005. The politics of gender and education change: Managing gender or changing gender relations? In Extending educational change, ed. A. Hargreaves, 180-201. Dordrecht: Springer.
9. Blackmore, J., and J. Sachs. 2007. Performing and reforming leaders: Gender, educational restructuring, and organizational change. Albany: State University of New York Press.
10. Chan, A.K.W. 2002. Gendering primary teachers: Discourses, practices and identities in Hong Kong., PhD diss., University of Essex, UK.
11. Chan, A.K.W. 2004a. Gender, school management and educational reforms: A case study of a primary school in Hong Kong. Gender and Education 16: 491-510.
12. Chan, A.K.W. 2004b. When women 'baby-sit' and men 'transmit knowledge and discipline': The construction of gender in Hong Kong's primary schools. Equal Opportunities International 23, nos. 3-5: 7-28.
13. Chase, S. 2005. Narrative inquiry: Multiple lenses, approaches and voices. In The Sage handbook of qualitative research, ed. N. Denzin and Y. Lincoln, 651-680. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
14. Choi, P.K. 2003. Resituating education in social contexts. In Women's profile, ed. Association for the Advancement of Feminism, 40-66. Hong Kong: The Association for the Advancement of Feminism.
15. Choi, P.K. 2005. A critical evaluation of education reforms in Hong Kong: Counting our losses to economic globalization. International Studies in Sociology of Education 3: 237-56.
16. Choi, P.K. 2006. Do boys have a future? Understanding the boys' underachievement discourse in the context of globalization., Paper presented at the second international conference on gender equity education in the Asia-Pacific Region, June 22-24, in Hong Kong.
17. Coleman, M. 2002. Women as headteachers: Striking the balance. Stoke-on-Trent, UK: Trentham Books.
18. Coleman, M. 2007. Gender and educational leadership in England: A comparison of secondary headteachers' views over time. School Leadership and Management 27, no. 4: 383-399.
19. Collard, J., and C. Reynolds, eds. 2005. Leadership, gender and culture in education: Male and female perspectives. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
20. Connell, R.W. 1995. Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
21. Cushman, P. 2008. So what exactly do you what? What principals mean when they say 'male role model'. Gender and Education 20: 123-36.
22. DeCorse, C.J.B., and S.P. Vogtle. 1997. In a complex voice: The contradictions of male elementary teachers' career choice and professional identity. Journal of Teacher Education 48, no. 1: 37-46.
23. Drudy, S. 2008. Gender balance/gender bias: The teaching profession and the impact of feminisation. Gender and Education 20: 309-23.
24. Education and Manpower Bureau. 2007-8. Statistics on primary and secondary school teachers. Hong Kong: Education and Manpower Bureau.
25. Evetts, J. 1990. Women in primary education: Career contexts and strategies. London: Unwin Hyman.
26. Francis, B. 2008. Teaching manfully? Exploring gendered subjectivities and power via analysis of men teachers' gender performance. Gender and Education 20: 109-22.
27. Francis, B., and C. Skelton. 2005. Reassessing gender and achievement: Questioning contemporary key debates. London: Routledge.
28. Franzen, K. 2005. Gender and school leadership discourses: A Swedish perspective. In Leadership, gender and culture in education: Male and female perspectives, ed. J. Collard and C. Reynolds, 50-72. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
29. Gough, B. 1998. Men and the discursive reproduction of sexism: Repertoires of difference and equality. Feminism and Psychology 18, no. 1: 25-49.
30. Haase, M. 2008. 'I don't do the mothering role that lots of female teachers do': Male teachers, gender, power and social organisation. British Journal of Sociology of Education 29: 597-608.
31. Haywood, C., L. Popoviciu, and M. Mac an Ghaill. 2005. Feminisation and schooling: Re-masculinisation, gendered reflexivity and boyness. Irish Journal of Sociology 14: 193-212.
32. Jones, D. 2008. Constructing identities: Perceptions and experiences of male primary headteachers. Early Child Development and Care 178: 689-702.
33. King, J.R. 1998. Uncommon caring: Learning from men who teach young children. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.
34. Lazar, M. 2005. Feminist critical discourse analysis: Gender, power and ideology in discourse. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
35. Leonard, P. 1998. Gendering change? Management, masculinity and the dynamics of incorporation. Gender and Education 10: 71-84.
36. Lingard, B., and P. Douglas. 1999. Men engaging feminisms: Pro-feminisms, backlashes and schooling. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
37. Lingard, B., W. Martino, and M. Mills. 2009. Boys and schooling: Beyond structural reform. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
38. Luk, B.H.K. 1990. Opportunities for women in tertiary education. In Women and education in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, ed. Comparative Education Center, 55-62. Albany, NY: SUNY Graduate School of Education Publication.
39. Lupton, B. 2000. Maintaining masculinity: Men who do women's work. British Journal of Management 2000, no. 11: 33-48.
40. Mac an Ghaill, M. 1994. The making of men: Masculinities, sexualities and schooling. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
41. Mahony, P., I. Hextall, and I. Menter. 2004. Threshold assessment and performance management: Modernizing or masculinizing teaching in England? Gender and Education 16: 131-49.
42. Marsh, R.M. and J.R. Sampson. 1963. Report of the Education Commission. Hong Kong: Government Printer.
43. Martino, W.J. 2008. Male teacher as role models: Addressing issues of masculinity, pedagogy and the re-masculinization of schooling. Curriculum Inquiry 38: 189-223.
44. Mills, M., M. Haase, and E. Charlton. 2008. Being the 'right' kind of male teacher: The disciplining of John. Pedagogy, Culture & Society 16: 71-84.
45. Mills, M., W. Martino, and B. Lingard. 2004. Attracting, recruiting and retaining male teachers: Policy issues in the male teacher debate. British Journal of Sociology of Education 25: 355-69.
46. Moller, J. 2005. Old metaphors, new meanings: Being a woman principal. In Passionate principalship: Learning from the life histories of school leaders, ed. C. Sugrue, 42-56. London: Routledge Falmer.
47. Montecinos, C., and L.E. Nielsen. 2004. Male elementary pre-service teachers' gendering of teaching. Multicultural Perspectives 6, no. 2: 3-9.
48. Moreau, M., J. Osgood, and A. Halsall. 2007. Making sense of the glass ceiling in schools: An exploration of women teachers' discourses. Gender and Education 19: 237-53.
49. Moreau, M., J. Osgood, and A. Halsall. 2008. Equal opportunities policies in English schools: Towards greater gender equality in the teaching workforce? Gender, Work and Organizations 15: 553-78.
50. Murray, S. 1996. We all love Charles: Men in child care and the social construction of gender. Gender and Society 10: 368-85.
51. Ng, C.H., B.S. Ng, and A.K.W. Chan. 2009. Doing families in Hong Kong: Strategy, morality and emotion. Social Transformation in Chinese Societies 4: 57-87.
52. Potter, J., and M. Wetherell. 1987. Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviours. London: Sage.
53. Pullen, A., and R. Simpson. 2009. Managing difference in feminized work: Men, otherness and social practice. Human Relations 62: 561-87.
54. Reay, D., and S. Ball. 2000. Essentials of female management: Women's ways of working in the education market place?. Educational Management and Administration 28, no. 2: 145-59.
55. Roulston, K., and M. Mills. 2000. Male teachers in feminized teaching areas: Marching to the beat of the men's movement drums? Oxford Review of Education 26: 221-37.
56. Sargent, P. 2000. Real men or real teachers? Contradictions in the lives of men elementary teachers. Men and Masculinities 2: 410-33.
57. Shakeshaft, C. 1987. Women in educational administration. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
58. Simpson, R. 2004. Masculinity at work: The experiences of men in female dominated occupations. Work, Employment and Society 18: 349-68.
59. Skelton, C. 2002. The 'feminisation of schooling' or 're-masculinising' primary education? International Studies in Sociology of Education 12, no. 1: 77-96.
60. Skelton, C. 2009. Failing to get men into primary teaching: A feminist critique. Journal of Education Policy 24, no. 1: 39-54.
61. Smedley, S. 2007. Learning to be a primary school teacher: Reading one man's story. Gender and Education 19: 369-85.
62. Sumsion, J. 2000. Negotiating otherness: A male childhood educator's gender positioning. International Journal of Early Years Education 8, no. 2: 129-40.
63. Talbot, M. 1999. Language and gender: An introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press.
64. Thornton, M., and P. Bricheno. 2006. Missing men in education. Stoke-on-Trent, UK: Trentham Books.
65. Weedon, C. 1997. Feminist practice and post-structuralist theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
66. Whitehead, S. 1998. Disrupted selves: Resistance and identity work in the new managerialist arena. Gender and Education 10: 199-215.
67. Williams, C.L. 1995. Still a man's world: Men who do 'Women's Work'. Berkeley: University of California Press.