Virological response and resistance profiles after 18 to 30 months of first- or second-/third-line antiretroviral treatment: A cross-sectional evaluation in HIV type 1-infected children living in the Central African Republic

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 87-94

  Charpentier, Charlotte ^a   Gody, Jean Chrysostome ^b   Mbitikon, Olivia ^b   Moussa, Sandrine ^c   Matta, Mathieu ^a   Péré, Hélène ^a   Fournier, Julien ^a   Longo, Jean De Dieu ^b   Bélec, Laurent ^a  

^a HÔPITAL EUROPÉEN GEORGES POMPIDOU   (France)

^b Hôpital de l'Amitié   (Central African Republic)

^c INSTITUT PASTEUR DE BANGUI   (Central African Republic)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE PLUS NEVIRAPINE PLUS STAVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; THYMIDINE; TIPRANAVIR; VIRUS RNA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANTIVIRAL RESISTANCE; ANTIVIRAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CENTRAL AFRICA; CHILD; CLINICAL EVALUATION; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATION; FEMALE; GENE SEQUENCE; GENETIC RESISTANCE; GENOTYPE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 INFECTION; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MUTATION; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT FAILURE; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VIRUS LOAD;

ADOLESCENT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DRUG RESISTANCE, VIRAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MALE; MUTATION; RNA, VIRAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 84855594339     PISSN: 08892229     EISSN: 19318405     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/aid.2011.0035     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS: Global Report. AIDS epidemic update: December 2010. http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/ documents/ unaidspublication/2010/20101123-globalreport-en.pdf.
2. World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 recommendations: Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in infants and children: Toward universal access. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/ publications/2010/9789241599801-eng.pdf.
3. Rouet F, Fassinou P, Inwoley A, et al.: Long-term survival and immuno-virological response of African HIV-1-infected children to highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens. AIDS 2006;20:2315-2319. (Pubitemid 44789533)
4. Bolton-Moore C, Mubiana-Mbewe M, Cantrell RA, et al.: Clinical outcomes and CD4 cell response in children receiving antiretroviral therapy at primary health care facilities in Zambia. JAMA 2007;298:1888-1899. (Pubitemid 350005233)
5. Kekitiinwa A, Lee KJ, Walker AS, Maganda A, et al.: Differences in factors associated with initial growth, CD4, and viral load responses to ART in HIV-infected children in Kampala, Uganda, and the United Kingdom/Ireland. J AIDS 2008;49:384-392.
6. Van Griensven J, De Naeyer L, Uwera J, Asiimwe A, Gazille C, and Reid T: Success with antiretroviral treatment for children in Kigali, Rwanda: Experience with health center/ nurse-based care. BMC Pediatr 2008;8:39.
7. Germanaud D, Derache A, Traore M, et al.: Level of viral load and antiretroviral resistance after 6 months of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor first-line treatment in HIV-1-infected children in Mali. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65:118-124.
8. Ruel TD, Kamya MR, Li P, Pasutti W, et al.: Early virologic failure and the development of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in HIV-infected Ugandan children. J AIDS 2011;56:44-50.
9. Marston M, Becquet R, Zaba B, et al.: Net survival of perinatally and postnatally HIV-infected children: A pooled analysis of individual data from sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Epidemiol 2011;40:385-396.
10. Puthanakit T, Oberdorfer A, Akarathum N, et al.: Efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children participating in Thailand's National Access to Antiretroviral Program. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:100-107. (Pubitemid 40863751)
11. Gody JC, Charpentier C, Mbitikon O, et al.: High prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 non-B subtype strains from African children receiving antiretroviral therapy regimen according to the 2006 revised WHO recommendations. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008;49:566-569.
12. Chaix ML, Rouet F, Kouakoussui KA, et al.: Genotypic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug resistance in highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated children in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24:1072-1076. (Pubitemid 43011063)
13. Adjé-Touré C, Hanson DL, Talla-Nzussouo N, et al.: Virologic and immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy and predictors of HIV type 1 drug resistance in children receiving treatment in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2008;24:911-917.
14. Gupta RK, Ford D, Mulenga V, et al.: Drug resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected Zambian children using adult fixed dose combination stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010;29:e57- 62.
15. Lwembe R, Ochieng W, Panikulam A, et al.: Anti-retroviral drug resistance-associated mutations among non-subtype B HIV-1-infected Kenyan children with treatment failure. J Med Virol 2007;79:865-872. (Pubitemid 46871541)
16. Averbuch D, Schapiro JM, Lanier ER, et al.: Diminished selection for thymidine-analog mutations associated with the presence of M184V in Ethiopian children infected with HIV subtype C receiving lamivudine-containing therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006;25:1049-1056. (Pubitemid 44657816)
17. Moussa S, Pinson P, Pelembi P, et al.: First data on HIV-1 resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs in Central African Republic. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2010;26:1247-1248.
18. Violari A, Cotton MF, Gibb DM, et al.: Early antiretroviral therapy and mortality among HIV-infected infants. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2233-2244.
19. Smith DM and Schooley RT: Running with scissors: Using antiretroviral therapy without monitoring viral load. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:1598-1600. (Pubitemid 351706743)
20. Gupta RK, Gibb DM, and Pillay D: Management of paediatric HIV-1 resistance. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009;22:256-263.
21. Walker AS and Gibb DM: Monitoring of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2011;24:27-33.
22. World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations: Antiretroviral therapy of HIV infection in infants and children in resource-limited settings: Towards universal access. June 2006. http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/prev-care/en/ScalingUp- E.pdf.
23. Rouet F, Chaix ML, Nerrienet E, et al.: Impact of HIV-1 genetic diversity on plasma HIV-1 RNA quantification: Usefulness of the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA second-generation long terminal repeat-based real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test. J AIDS 2007;45:380-388. (Pubitemid 47057665)
24. Marcelin AG, Masquelier B, Descamps D, et al.: Tipranavir- ritonavir genotypic resistance score in protease inhibitorexperienced patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008;52:3237-3243.
25. Musoke PM, Barlow-Mosha L, Bagenda D, et al.: Response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected Ugandan children exposed and not exposed to single-dose nevirapine at birth. J AIDS 2009;52:560-568.
26. Reitz C, Coovadia A, Ko S, et al.: Initial response to proteaseinhibitor- based antiretroviral therapy among children less than 2 years of age in South Africa: Effect of cotreatment for tuberculosis. J Infect Dis 2010;201:1121-1131.
27. Müller AD, Myer L, and Jaspan H: Virological suppression achieved with suboptimal adherence levels among South African children receiving boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:e3-5.
28. Song R, Jelagat J, Dzombo D, et al.: Efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected children in Kenya. Pediatrics 2007;120:e856-861. (Pubitemid 47549528)
29. van Griensven J, De Naeyer L, Uwera J, Asiimwe A, Gazille C, and Reid T: Success with antiretroviral treatment for children in Kigali, Rwanda: Experience with health center/ nurse-based care. BMC Pediatr 2008;8:39.
30. Ramos J: Boosted protease inhibitors as a therapeutic option in the treatment of HIV-infected children. HIV Med 2009;10:536-547.
31. Davies MA, Moultrie H, Eley B, et al.: Virologic failure and second-line antiretroviral therapy in children in South Africa. The IeDEA Southern Africa Collaboration. J AIDS 2011;56:270-278.
32. Vaz P, Chaix ML, Jani I, et al.: Risk of extended viral resistance in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected Mozambican children after first-line treatment failure. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009;28:e283-287.
33. Turner D, Brenner BG, Routy JP, Petrella M, and Wainberg MA: Rationale for maintenance of the M184V resistance mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase in treatment experienced patients. New Microbiol 2004;27:31-39. (Pubitemid 40090987)
34. Paredes R, Sagar M, Marconi VC, et al.: In vivo fitness cost of the M184V mutation in multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the absence of lamivudine. J Virol 2009;83:2038-2043.
35. Charpentier C, Talla F, Nguepi E, Si-Mohamed A, and Bélec L: Virological failure and HIV type 1 drug resistance profiles among patients followed-up in Private Sector, Douala, Cameroon.AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2011;27:221-230.
36. Buck WC, Kabue MM, Kazembe PN, and Kline MW: Discontinuation of standard first-line antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of 1434 Malawian children. J Int AIDS Soc 2010;13:31.
37. Eshleman SH, Hoover DR, Chen S, et al.: Resistance after single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis emerges in a high proportion of Malawian newborns. AIDS 2005;19:2167-2169. (Pubitemid 41669007)
38. Micek MA, Blanco AJ, Beck IA, et al.: Nevirapine resistance by timing of HIV type 1 infection in infants treated with single-dose nevirapine. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:1405-1414.
39. Lockman S, Shapiro RL, Smeaton LM, et al.: Response to antiretroviral therapy after a single, peripartum dose of nevirapine. N Engl J Med 2007;356:135-147. (Pubitemid 46089674)
40. Doualla-Bell F, Avalos A, Brenner B, et al.: High prevalence of the K65R mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C isolates from infected patients in Botswana treated with didanosine-based regimens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006;50:4182-4185. (Pubitemid 44865165)
41. Hawkins CA, Chaplin B, Idoko J, et al.: Clinical and genotypic findings in HIV-infected patients with the K65R mutation failing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria. J AIDS 2009;52:228-234.
42. Cotte L, Trabaud MA, Tardy JC, et al.: Prediction of the virological response to etravirine in clinical practice: Comparison of three genotype algorithms. J Med Virol 2009;81: 672-677.
43. Scherrer AU, Hasse B, von Wyl V, et al.: Prevalence of etravirine mutations and impact on response to treatment in routine clinical care: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). HIV Med 2009;10:647-656.
44. Maïga AI, Descamps D, Morand-Joubert L, et al.: Resistanceassociated mutations to etravirine (TMC-125) in antiretroviral- naïve patients infected with non-B HIV-1 subtypes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:728-733.