The human plasma lipidome

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 365, Issue 19, 2011, Pages 1812-1823

  Quehenberger, Oswald ^a   Dennis, Edward A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b San Diego   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; CHOLESTEROL; CHYLOMICRON; DIACYLGLYCEROL; FINGOLIMOD; FISH OIL; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR 120; GLYCEROLIPID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; ICOSANOID; LATHOSTEROL; LIPIDOME; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID; PHOSPHATIDIC ACID; PHOSPHOLIPID; RAPAMYCIN; SATURATED FATTY ACID; SITOSTEROL; SPHINGOLIPID; SPHINGOSINE 1 PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNSATURATED FATTY ACID; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DRUG EFFECT; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ENERGY METABOLISM; HUMAN; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPIDOMICS; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NEOPLASM; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; OVARY CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STROKE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

EID: 80955141082     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1104901     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Lentner C, ed. Geigy scientific tables. Vol. 3. Physical chemistry, composition of blood, hematology, somatometric data. West Caldwell, NJ: Ciba-Geigy, 1981.
2. Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, et al. HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res 2009;37: D603-D610.
3. Quehenberger O, Armando AM, Brown AH, et al. Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human plasma. J Lipid Res 2010;51:3299-305.
4. Dennis EA. Lipidomics joins the omics evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:2089-90.
5. Havel RJ, Eder HA, Bragdon JH. The distribution and chemical composition of ultracentrifugally separated lipoproteins in human serum. J Clin Invest 1955;34: 1345-53.
6. Fahy E, Subramaniam S, Murphy RC, et al. Update of the LIPID MAPS comprehensive classification system for lipids. J Lipid Res 2009;50:Suppl:S9- S14.
7. Hopkins PN, Heiss G, Ellison RC, et al. Coronary artery disease risk in familial combined hyperlipidemia and familial hypertriglyceridemia: a case-control comparison from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. Circulation 2003;108:519-23. (Pubitemid 36961163)
8. Ervin RB. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults 20 years of age and over, by sex, age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index: United States, 2003-2006. Natl Health Stat Rep 2009;13:1-7.
9. Pietiläinen KH, Sysi-Aho M, Rissanen A, et al. Acquired obesity is associated with changes in the serum lipidomic profile independent of genetic effects - a monozygotic twin study. PLoS ONE 2007;2(2): e218.
10. Kotronen A, Velagapudi VR, Yetukuri L, et al. Serum saturated fatty acids containing triacylglycerols are better markers of insulin resistance than total serum triacylglycerol concentrations. Diabetologia 2009; 52:684-90.
11. Graessler J, Schwudke D, Schwarz PE, Herzog R, Shevchenko A, Bornstein SR. Top-down lipidomics reveals ether lipid deficiency in blood plasma of hypertensive patients. PLoS ONE 2009;4(7):e6261.
12. Sysi-Aho M, Koikkalainen J, Seppänen- Laakso T, et al. Serum lipidomics meets cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: profiling of subjects at risk of dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS ONE 2011;6(1):e15744.
13. Pirnay F, Lacroix M, Mosora F, Luyckx A, Lefebvre P. Effect of glucose ingestion on energy substrate utilization during prolonged muscular exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1977;36:247-54. (Pubitemid 8094393)
14. Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. Is total fat consumption really decreasing? Nutrition Insights. April 1998 (http://www.cnpp.usda .gov/Publications/NutritionInsights/insight5 .pdf).
15. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, McDowell MA, Flegal KM. Obesity among adults in the United States - no statistically significant chance since 2003-2004. National Center for Health Statistics Data Brief. November 2007 (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ data/databriefs/db01.pdf).
16. Conner WE, Lin DS, Colvis C. Differential mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue. J Lipid Res 1996;37:290-8. (Pubitemid 26078947)
17. DeLany JP, Windhauser MM, Champagne CM, Bray GA. Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:905-11.
18. Reaven GM, Hollenbeck C, Jeng CY, Wu MS, Chen YD. Measurement of plasma glucose, free fatty acid, lactate, and insulin for 24 h in patients with NIDDM. Diabetes 1988;37:1020-4. (Pubitemid 19033579)
19. Boden G. Fatty acid-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver. Curr Diab Rep 2006;6: 177-81.
20. Donnelly KL, Smith CI, Schwarzenberg SJ, Jessurun J, Boldt MD, Parks EJ. Sources of fatty acids stored in liver and secreted via lipoproteins in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Invest 2005;115:1343-51. (Pubitemid 40629054)
21. Mulhall BP, Ong JP, Younossi ZM. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an over-view. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002;17: 1136-43. (Pubitemid 36015607)
22. Santomauro AT, Boden G, Silva ME, et al. Overnight lowering of free fatty acids with Acipimox improves insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in obese diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes 1999;48:1836-41. (Pubitemid 29415205)
23. Ginsberg HN, Zhang YL, Hernandez- Ono A. Metabolic syndrome: focus on dyslipidemia. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006;14: Suppl 1:41S-49S.
24. Charles MA, Eschwège E, Thibult N, et al. The role of non-esterified fatty acids in the deterioration of glucose tolerance in Caucasian subjects: results of the Paris Prospective Study. Diabetologia 1997;40: 1101-6. (Pubitemid 27381974)
25. Riccardi G, Giacco R, Rivellese AA. Dietary fat, insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome. Clin Nutr 2004;23:447-56. (Pubitemid 39107022)
26. Matsuzaka T, Shimano H, Yahagi N, et al. Crucial role of a long-chain fatty acid elongase, Elovl6, in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Nat Med 2007;13:1193-202. (Pubitemid 47530641)
27. Maeda K, Cao H, Kono K, et al. Adipocyte/ macrophage fatty acid binding proteins control integrated metabolic responses in obesity and diabetes. Cell Metab 2005;1: 107-19. (Pubitemid 43960591)
28. Cao H, Gerhold K, Mayers JR, Wiest MM, Watkins SM, Hotamisligil GS. Identification of a lipokine, a lipid hormone linking adipose tissue to systemic metabolism. Cell 2008;134:933-44.
29. Dimopoulos N, Watson M, Sakamoto K, Hundal HS. Differential effects of palmitate and palmitoleate on insulin action and glucose utilization in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells. Biochem J 2006;399:473-81. (Pubitemid 44672638)
30. Stefan N, Kantartzis K, Celebi N, et al. Circulating palmitoleate strongly and independently predicts insulin sensitivity in humans. Diabetes Care 2010;33:405-7.
31. Mozaffarian D, Cao H, King IB, et al. Circulating palmitoleic acid and risk of metabolic abnormalities and new-onset diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:1350-8.
32. Idem. Trans-palmitoleic acid, metabolic risk factors, and new-onset diabetes in U.S. adults: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2010;153:790-9.
33. Pereira MA, Jacobs DR Jr, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, Kartashov AI, Ludwig DS. Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults: the CARDIA Study. JAMA 2002;287:2081-9. (Pubitemid 34437343)
34. Leaf A. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration as a risk factor for sudden cardiac death: the Paris Prospective Study. Circulation 2001;104:744-5. (Pubitemid 32762667)
35. Legaspi A, Jeevanandam M, Starnes HF Jr, Brennan MF. Whole body lipid and energy metabolism in the cancer patient. Metabolism 1987;36:958-63. (Pubitemid 17160514)
36. Kleinfeld AM, Okada C. Free fatty acid release from human breast cancer tissue inhibits cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated killing. J Lipid Res 2005;46:1983-90. (Pubitemid 41248495)
37. McLennan PL. Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and poly-unsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57:207-12. (Pubitemid 23039893)
38. Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF, et al. Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: Diet and Reinfarction Trial (DART). Lancet 1989;2:757-61. (Pubitemid 19234807)
39. Buczynski MW, Dumlao DS, Dennis EA. Thematic review series: proteomics - an integrated omics analysis of eicosanoid biology. J Lipid Res 2009;50:1015-38. [Erratum, J Lipid Res 2009;50:1505.]
40. Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002;106:2747-57. [Erratum, Circulation 2003;107:512.] (Pubitemid 35364932)
41. Itoh Y, Kawamata Y, Harada M, et al. Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells through GPR40. Nature 2003;422:173-6. (Pubitemid 36362750)
42. Oh DY, Talukdar S, Bae EJ, et al. GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. Cell 2010;142:687-98.
43. Schaefer EJ, Bongard V, Beiser AS, et al. Plasma phosphatidylcholine docosahexaenoic acid content and risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease: the Framingham Heart Study. Arch Neurol 2006;63:1545-50. (Pubitemid 44748796)
44. Barberger-Gateau P, Raffaitin C, Letenneur L, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of dementia: the Three-City cohort study. Neurology 2007;69:1921-30. (Pubitemid 350100350)
45. Maes M, Smith R, Christophe A, Cosyns P, Desnyder R, Meltzer H. Fatty acid composition in major depression: decreased omega 3 fractions in cholesteryl esters and increased C20: 4 omega 6/C20:5 omega 3 ratio in cholesteryl esters and phospholipids. J Affect Disord 1996;38:35-46.
46. Stoll AL, Severus WE, Freeman MP, et al. Omega 3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder: a preliminary double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999; 56:407-12. (Pubitemid 29215428)
47. Orešič M, Tang J, Seppänen-Laakso T, et al. Metabolome in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders: a general population- based study. Genome Med 2011;3:19.
48. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486-97.
49. Bhattacharyya AK, Connor WE. Beta-sitosterolemia and xanthomatosis: a newly described lipid storage disease in two sisters. J Clin Invest 1974;53:1033-43.
50. Berge KE, Tian H, Graf GA, et al. Accumulation of dietary cholesterol in sitosterolemia caused by mutations in adjacent ABC transporters. Science 2000;290:1771-5. (Pubitemid 32004809)
51. Rader DJ, Cohen J, Hobbs HH. Monogenic hypercholesterolemia: new insights in pathogenesis and treatment. J Clin Invest 2003;111:1795-803. (Pubitemid 38057721)
52. Watts GF, Mitchell WD, Bending JJ, Reshef A, Leitersdorf E. Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: a family study of sterol 27-hydroxylase mutations and pharmacotherapy. QJM 1996;89:55-63. (Pubitemid 26023964)
53. Björkhem I, Miettinen T, Reihnér E, Ewerth S, Angelin B, Einarsson K. Correlation between serum levels of some cholesterol precursors and activity of HMGCoA reductase in human liver. J Lipid Res 1987;28:1137-43. (Pubitemid 17151579)
54. Bauman DR, Bitmansour AD, McDonald JG, Thompson BM, Liang G, Russell DW. 25-Hydroxycholesterol secreted by macrophages in response to Toll-like receptor activation suppresses immunoglobulin A production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:16764-9.
55. Negendank W. Studies of human tumors by MRS: a review. NMR Biomed 1992; 5:303-24.
56. Ackerstaff E, Glunde K, Bhujwalla ZM. Choline phospholipid metabolism: a target in cancer cells? J Cell Biochem 2003;90: 525-33. (Pubitemid 37243700)
57. Nakagami K, Uchida T, Ohwada S, et al. Increased choline kinase activity and elevated phosphocholine levels in human colon cancer. Jpn J Cancer Res 1999;90:419-24. (Pubitemid 29213547)
58. Ramírez de Molina A, Gutiérrez R, Ramos MA, et al. Increased choline kinase activity in human breast carcinomas: clinical evidence for a potential novel antitumor strategy. Oncogene 2002;21:4317-22. (Pubitemid 34753838)
59. Iorio E, Ricci A, Bagnoli M, et al. Activation of phosphatidylcholine cycle enzymes in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Res 2010;70:2126-35.
60. Ramírez de Molina A, Sarmentero- Estrada J, Belda-Iniesta C, et al. Expres- sion of choline kinase alpha to predict outcome in patients with early-stage non-small- cell lung cancer: a retrospective study. Lancet Oncol 2007;8:889-97.
61. Hernando E, Sarmentero-Estrada J, Koppie T, et al. A critical role for choline kinase-alpha in the aggressiveness of bladder carcinomas. Oncogene 2009;28:2425-35.
62. Jagannathan NR, Kumar M, Seenu V, et al. Evaluation of total choline from in-vivo volume localized proton MR spectroscopy and its response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2001;84:1016-22. (Pubitemid 32448495)
63. Griffiths JR, Tate AR, Howe FA, Stubbs M. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cancer-practicalities of multi-centre trials and early results in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Eur J Cancer 2002;38:2085-93. (Pubitemid 35223246)
64. Murphy PS, Viviers L, Abson C, et al. Monitoring temozolomide treatment of low-grade glioma with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:781-6. (Pubitemid 38406586)
65. Foster DA. Phosphatidic acid signaling to mTOR: signals for the survival of human cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009; 1791:949-55.
66. Schaloske RH, Dennis EA. The phospholipase A2 superfamily and its group numbering system. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006;1761:1246-59.
67. Tokumura A, Majima E, Kariya Y, et al. Identification of human plasma lysophospholipase D, a lysophosphatidic acid-producing enzyme, as autotaxin, a multifunctional phosphodiesterase. J Biol Chem 2002;277:39436-42. (Pubitemid 35190918)
68. Moolenaar WH, van Meeteren LA, Giepmans BN. The ins and outs of lysophosphatidic acid signaling. Bioessays 2004; 26:870-81. (Pubitemid 39128101)
69. Mills GB, Moolenaar WH. The emerging role of lysophosphatidic acid in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2003;3:582-91. (Pubitemid 37328830)
70. Xu Y, Gaudette DC, Boynton JD, et al. Characterization of an ovarian cancer activating factor in ascites from ovarian cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 1995;1: 1223-32.
71. Mills GB, May C, Hill M, Campbell S, Shaw P, Marks A. Ascitic fluid from human ovarian cancer patients contains growth factors necessary for intraperitoneal growth of human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells. J Clin Invest 1990;86:851-5. (Pubitemid 20327375)
72. Xu Y, Shen Z, Wiper DW, et al. Lysophosphatidic acid as a potential biomarker for ovarian and other gynecologic cancers. JAMA 1998;280:719-23. (Pubitemid 28405297)
73. Baker DL, Morrison P, Miller B, et al. Plasma lysophosphatidic acid concentration and ovarian cancer. JAMA 2002;287:3081-2. (Pubitemid 34633980)
74. Sutphen R, Xu Y, Wilbanks GD, et al. Lysophospholipids are potential biomarkers of ovarian cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:1185-91. (Pubitemid 38917907)
75. Pozlep B, Meleh M, Kobal B, et al. Use of lysophosphatidic acid in the management of benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2007;28:394-9. (Pubitemid 47535553)
76. Sedláková I, Vávrová J, Tošner J, Hanousek L. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) -a perspective marker in ovarian cancer. Tumour Biol 2011;32:311-6.
77. Bese T, Barbaros M, Baykara E, et al. Comparison of total plasma lysophosphatidic acid and serum CA-125 as a tumor marker in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2010;21:248-54.
78. Lee MJ, Van Brocklyn JR, Thangada S, et al. Sphingosine-1-phosphate as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor EDG-1. Science 1998;279:1552-5. (Pubitemid 28217081)
79. Brinkmann V. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors in health and disease: mechanistic insights from gene deletion studies and reverse pharmacology. Pharmacol Ther 2007;115:84-105. (Pubitemid 46990553)
80. Matloubian M, Lo CG, Cinamon G, et al. Lymphocyte egress from thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs is dependent on S1P receptor 1. Nature 2004;427:355-60. (Pubitemid 38133663)
81. Brinkmann V, Billich A, Baumruker T, et al. Fingolimod (FTY720): discovery and development of an oral drug to treat multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010; 9:883-97.
82. Hammad SM, Pierce JS, Soodavar F, et al. Blood sphingolipidomics in healthy humans: impact of sample collection methodology. J Lipid Res 2010;51:3074-87.
83. Scherer M, Böttcher A, Schmitz G, Liebisch G. Sphingolipid profiling of human plasma and FPLC-separated lipoprotein fractions by hydrophilic interaction chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011;1811:68-75.
84. Groener JE, Poorthuis BJ, Kuiper S, Hollak CE, Aerts JM. Plasma glucosylceramide and ceramide in type 1 Gaucher disease patients: correlations with disease severity and response to therapeutic intervention. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008; 1781:72-8.
85. Penno A, Reilly MM, Houlden H, et al. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 is caused by the accumulation of two neurotoxic sphingolipids. J Biol Chem 2010;285: 11178-87.
86. Yeboah J, McNamara C, Jiang XC, et al. Association of plasma sphingomyelin levels and incident coronary heart disease events in an adult population: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010;30:628-33.
87. Haus JM, Kashyap SR, Kasumov T, et al. Plasma ceramides are elevated in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes and correlate with the severity of insulin resistance. Diabetes 2009;58:337-43.
88. Ewers M, Mielke MM, Hampel H. Blood-based biomarkers of microvascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Exp Gerontol 2010;45:75-9.
89. Missmer SA, Suarez L, Felkner M, et al. Exposure to fumonisins and the occurrence of neural tube defects along the Texas- Mexico border. Environ Health Perspect 2006;114:237-41. (Pubitemid 43193645)
90. Teslovich TM, Musunuru K, Smith AV, et al. Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids. Nature 2010;466:707-13.
91. Ley RE, Hamady M, Lozupone C, et al. Evolution of mammals and their gut microbes. Science 2008;320:1647-51. [Erratum, Science 2008;322:1188.] (Pubitemid 351931256)
92. Dennis EA, Deems RA, Harkewicz R, et al. A mouse macrophage lipidome. J Biol Chem 2010;285:39976-85.
93. Roberts LJ, Morrow JD. Measurement of F(2)-isoprostanes as an index of oxidative stress in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2000;28:505-13. (Pubitemid 30136031)
94. Nitz I, Fisher E, Grallert H, et al. Association of prostaglandin E synthase 2 (PTGES2) Arg298His polymorphism with type 2 diabetes in two German study populations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92: 3183-8. (Pubitemid 47236389)
95. Boomgaarden I, Bosy-Westphal A, Müller MJ, Doring F. Influence of a type 2 diabetes associated prostaglandin E synthase 2 polymorphism on blood prostaglandin E2 levels. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009;80:185-8.
96. O'Brien N, Jones ST, Williams DG, et al. Production and characterization of monoclonal anti-sphingosine-1-phosphate antibodies. J Lipid Res 2009;50:2245-57.
97. Kappos L, Radue EW, O'Connor P, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of oral fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:387-401.
98. Cohen JA, Barkhof F, Comi G, et al. Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:402-15.
99. de Fost M, Hollak CE, Groener JE, et al. Superior effects of high-dose enzyme replacement therapy in type 1 Gaucher disease on bone marrow involvement and chitotriosidase levels: a 2-center retrospective analysis. Blood 2006;108:830-5. (Pubitemid 44154614)
100. Deguchi H, Yegneswaran S, Griffin JH. Sphingolipids as bioactive regulators of thrombin generation. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:12036-42. (Pubitemid 38445765)
101. Hollak CE, Levi M, Berends F, Aerts JM, van Oers MH. Coagulation abnormalities in type 1 Gaucher disease are due to low-grade activation and can be partly restored by enzyme supplementation therapy. Br J Haematol 1997;96:470-6. (Pubitemid 27087229)
102. Harkewicz R, Dennis EA. Applications of mass spectrometry to lipids and membranes. Annu Rev Biochem 2011;80: 301-25.