Acute respiratory inflammation in children and black carbon in ambient air before and during the 2008 Beijing Olympics

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 119, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 1507-1512

  Lin, Weiwei ^a   Huang, Wei ^a   Zhu, Tong ^a   Hu, Min ^a   Brunekreef, Bert ^b   Zhang, Yuanhang ^a   Liu, Xingang ^a   Cheng, Hong ^a   Gehring, Ulrike ^b   Li, Chengcai ^a   Tang, Xiaoyan ^a  

^a PEKING UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Air pollution intervention; Black carbon; Nitric oxide; PM 2.5; Respiratory inflammation; Schoolchildren

Indexed keywords

BLACK CARBON; NITRIC OXIDE;

AIR ANALYSIS; AIR POLLUTION; AIR POLLUTION CONTROL; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; BODY MASS; BREATH ANALYSIS; CHILD; CHINA; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ECZEMA; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; EXHALATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMIDITY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OLYMPICS; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLAMMATION; RHINITIS; SCHOOL CHILD; SPORTING EVENT; URBAN AREA;

AIR POLLUTANTS; CHILD; CHINA; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; MALE; PARTICULATE MATTER; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES;

EID: 80053461556     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103461     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Alessandrini F, Beck-Speier I, Krappmann D, Weichenmeier I, Takenaka S, Karg E, et al. 2009. Role of oxidative stress in ultrafine particle-induced exacerbation of allergic lung inflammation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 179(11):984-991.
2. Asian Development Bank. 2003. Appendix on recent European Union (EU) emissions standards. In: Vehicle Emissions Standards and Inspection and Maintenance. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank. Available: http://www.adb.org/documents/guidelines/vehicle_emissions/im_ch07.pdf [accessed 21 August 2011].
3. ATS/ERS (American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society). 2005. ATS/ERS recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide, 2005. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171(8):912-930.
4. Clancy L, Goodman P, Sinclair H, Dockery DW. 2002. Effect of air-pollution control on death rates in Dublin, Ireland: an intervention study. Lancet 360(9341):1210-1214.
5. Cleveland WS. 1979. Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots. J Am Stat Assoc 74(368):829-836.
6. Dales R, Wheeler A, Mahmud M, Frescura AM, Smith-Doiron M, Nethery E, et al. 2008. The influence of living near roadways on spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide in elementary schoolchildren. Environ Health Perspect 116:1423-1427.
7. Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Gillen D, Tjoa T, Sioutas C, Fung K, et al. 2006. Personal and ambient air pollution is associated with increased exhaled nitric oxide in children with asthma. Environ Health Perspect 114:1736-1743.
8. Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Tjoa T, Polidori A, Arhami M, Gillen DL, et al. 2008. Circulating biomarkers of inflammation, antioxidant activity, and platelet activation are associated with primary combustion aerosols in subjects with coronary artery disease. Environ Health Perspect 116:898-906.
9. Fischer PH, Steerenberg PA, Snelder JD, van Loveren H, van Amsterdam JGC. 2002. Association between exhaled nitric oxide, ambient air pollution and respiratory health in school children. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 75(5):348-353.
10. Gong JC, Zhu T, Zhang JF, Hu M, Wu ZJ. 2006. Measurement of nitric oxide in human exhaled air as a biomarker of the health effects of ultrafine particles [in Chinese]. Environ Chem 25(6):768-771.
11. Holguin F, Flores S, Ross Z, Cortez M, Molina M, Molina L, et al. 2007. Traffic-related exposures, airway function, inflammation, and respiratory symptoms in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 176(12):1236-1242.
12. Jacoby WG. 2000. Loess: a nonparametric, graphical tool for depicting relationships between variables. Electoral Stud 19(4):577-613.
13. Jansen KL, Larson TV, Koenig JQ, Mar TF, Fields C, Stewart J, et al. 2005. Associations between health effects and particulate matter and black carbon in subjects with respiratory disease. Environ Health Perspect 113:1741-1746.
14. Kipen H, Rich D, Huang W, Zhu T, Wang G, Hu M, et al. 2010. Measurement of inflammation and oxidative stress following drastic changes in air pollution during the Beijing Olympics: a panel study approach. Ann NY Acad Sci 1203:160-167.
15. Koenig JQ, Jansen K, Mar TF, Lumley T, Kaufman J, Trenga CA, et al. 2003. Measurement of offline exhaled nitric oxide in a study of community exposure to air pollution. Environ Health Perspect 111:1625-1629.
16. Liang KY, Zeger SL. 1986. Longitudinal data-analysis using generalized linear-models. Biometrika 73(1):13-22.
17. Lin WW, Zhu T, Huang W, Hu M, Chen H, Zhang YH, et al. 2009. Acute effect of black carbon and particle pollution in the air on exhaled nitric oxide of elementary school children before and during 2008 Beijing Olympic. Epidemiology 20(6):S250-S250.
18. Mancini GBJ. 2007. Clarion call for trials assessing "cardiopulmonary" agents to reduce morbidity and mortality in inflammatory lung diseases. Chest 131(4):950-951.
19. 2.5 exposure in Seattle. Environ Health Perspect 113:1791-1794.
20. McDowell A. 2004. From the help desk: polynomial distributed lag models. Stata J 4(2):180-189.
21. Pan W. 2001. Akaike's information criterion in generalized estimating equations. Biometrics 57(1):120-125.
22. Park K, Chow JC, Watson JG, Trimble DL, Doraiswamy P, Park K, et al. 2006. Comparison of continuous and filter-based carbon measurements at the Fresno supersite. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56(4):474-491.
23. Pope CA, Dockery DW. 2006. Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56(6):709-742.
24. Quincey P. 2007. A relationship between black smoke index and black carbon concentration. Atmos Environ 41(36):7964-7968.
25. Reddel HK, Taylor DR, Bateman ED, Boulet LP, Boushey HA, Busse WW, et al. 2009. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: asthma control and exacerbations standardising endpoints for clinical asthma trials and clinical practice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 180(1):59-99.
26. Schwartz J. 2000. The distributed lag between air pollution and daily deaths. Epidemiology 11(3):320-326.
27. Schwartz J, Litonjua A, Suh H, Verrier M, Zanobetti A, Syring M, et al. 2005. Traffic related pollution and heart rate variability in a panel of elderly subjects. Thorax 60(6):455-461.
28. Schwarze PE, Ovrevik J, Lag M, Refsnes M, Nafstad P, Hetland RB, et al. 2006. Particulate matter properties and health effects: consistency of epidemiological and toxicological studies. Hum Exp Toxicol 25(10):559-579.
29. Smith KR, Jerrett M, Anderson HR, Burnett RT, Stone V, Derwent R, et al. 2009. Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: health implications of short-lived greenhouse pollutants. Lancet 374(9707):2091-2103.
30. Soto KF, Murr LE, Garza KM. 2008. Cytotoxic responses and potential respiratory health effects of carbon and carbonaceous nanoparticulates in the Paso del Norte airshed environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 5(1):12-25.
31. Steerenberg PA, Nierkens S, Fischer PH, Van Loveren H, Opperhuizen A, Vos JG, et al. 2001. Traffic-related air pollution affects peak expiratory flow, exhaled nitric oxide, and inflammatory nasal markers. Arch Environ Health 56(2):167-174.
32. Suglia SF, Gryparis A, Schwartz J, Wright RJ. 2008. Association between traffic-related black carbon exposure and lung function among urban women. Environ Health Perspect 116:1333-1337.
33. Wang GC, Bai JH, Kong QX, Emilenko A. 2005. Black carbon particles in the urban atmosphere in Beijing. Adv Atmos Sci 22(5):640-646.
34. Wang M, Zhu T, Zheng J, Zhang RY, Zhang SQ, Xie XX, et al. 2009. Use of a mobile laboratory to evaluate changes in on-road air pollutants during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics. Atmos Chem Phys 9(21):8247-8263.
35. Wang X, Westerdahl D, Chen LC, Wu Y, Hao JM, Pan XC, et al. 2009. Evaluating the air quality impacts of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games: on-road emission factors and black carbon profiles. Atmos Environ 43(30):4535-4543.
36. Westerdahl D, Fruin S, Sax T, Fine PM, Sioutas C. 2005. Mobile platform measurements of ultrafine particles and associated pollutant concentrations on freeways and residential streets in Los Angeles. Atmos Environ 39(20):3597-3610.
37. WHO (World Health Organization) 2006. WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Particulate Matter, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide: Global Update 2005. Summary of Risk Assessment. Available: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf [accessed 21 August 2011].
38. Zhu T, Huang W, Lin W, Hu M, Li C, Wang T, et al. 2008. Association between ambient pollution and respiratory health effects in elementary school children in Beijing, China. Epidemiology 19(6):S279-S280.