Milan criteria in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: An evidence-based analysis of 15 years of experience

Liver Transplantation

Volumn 17, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2011, Pages

  Mazzaferro, Vincenzo ^a   Bhoori, Sherrie ^a   Sposito, Carlo ^a   Bongini, Marco ^a   Langer, Martin ^a   Miceli, Rosalba ^a   Mariani, Luigi ^a  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA FETOPROTEIN;

CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER PATIENT; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; HEPATITIS B; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); PERSONAL EXPERIENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SURVIVAL RATE; TUMOR VOLUME;

CARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR; DECISION SUPPORT TECHNIQUES; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS; HUMANS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; NEOPLASM STAGING; PATIENT SELECTION; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL RATE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 80053235038     PISSN: 15276465     EISSN: 15276473     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/lt.22365     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. Yang JD, Roberts LR,. Epidemiology and management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2010; 24: 899-919.
2. Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, Andreola S, Pulvirenti A, Bozzetti F, et al. L. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 693-699. (Pubitemid 26079803)
3. Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, Rosenberg W, Haynes RB,. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM. 2nd ed. Edinburgh, United Kingdom: Churchill Livingstone; 2000.
4. Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Accessed June 2011.
5. Wells GA, Shea B, O'Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, Tugwell P,. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Accessed June 2011.
6. Cochrane Information Management System. RevMan 5. Accessed June 2011.
7. Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, D'Amico R, Sowden AJ, Sakarovitch C, Song F, et al.; for International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group and European Carotid Surgery Trial Collaborative Group. Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technol Assess 2003; 7: iii-x.
8. Sanderson S, Tatt ID, Higgins JP,. Tools for assessing quality and susceptibility to bias in observational studies in epidemiology: a systematic review and annotated bibliography. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36: 666-676. (Pubitemid 47244573)
9. Stang A,. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol 2010; 25: 603-605.
10. Figueras J, Jaurrieta E, Valls C, Benasco C, Rafecas A, Xiol X, et al. Survival after liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparative study. Hepatology 1997; 25: 1485-1489. (Pubitemid 27250773)
11. Llovet JM, Bruix J, Fuster J, Castells A, Garcia-Valdecasas JC, Grande L, et al. Liver transplantation for small hepatocellular carcinoma: the tumor-node-metastasis classification does not have prognostic power. Hepatology 1998; 27: 1572-1577. (Pubitemid 28264681)
12. Yao FY, Ferrell L, Bass NM, Watson JJ, Bacchetti P, Venook A, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: expansion of the tumor size limits does not adversely impact survival. Hepatology 2001; 33: 1394-1403. (Pubitemid 32496976)
13. Jonas S, Bechstein WO, Steinmüller T, Herrmann M, Radke C, Berg T, et al. Vascular invasion and histopathologic grading determine outcome after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2001; 33: 1080-1086. (Pubitemid 32378206)
14. Margarit C, Charco R, Hidalgo E, Allende H, Castells L, Bilbao I,. Liver transplantation for malignant diseases: selection and pattern of recurrence. World J Surg 2002; 26: 257-263. (Pubitemid 36920440)
15. Kneteman NM, Oberholzer J, Al Saghier M, Meeberg GA, Blitz M, Ma MM, et al. Sirolimus-based immunosuppression for liver transplantation in the presence of extended criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl 2004; 10: 1301-1311. (Pubitemid 39406087)
16. Sotiropoulos GC, Lang H, Nadalin S, Neuhäuser M, Molmenti EP, Baba HA, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: University Hospital Essen experience and metaanalysis of prognostic factors. J Am Coll Surg 2007; 205: 661-675. (Pubitemid 47615488)
17. Cillo U, Vitale A, Grigoletto F, Gringeri E, D'Amico F, Valmasoni M, et al. Intention-to-treat analysis of liver transplantation in selected, aggressively treated HCC patients exceeding the Milan criteria. Am J Transplant 2007; 7: 972-981. (Pubitemid 46481197)
18. Yao FY, Xiao L, Bass NM, Kerlan R, Ascher NL, Roberts JP,. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: validation of the UCSF-expanded criteria based on preoperative imaging. Am J Transplant 2007; 7: 2587-2596. (Pubitemid 47561609)
19. Herrero JI, Sangro B, Pardo F, Quiroga J, Iñarrairaegui M, Rotellar F, et al. Liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma across Milan criteria. Liver Transpl 2008; 14: 272-278. (Pubitemid 351425478)
20. Ravaioli M, Grazi GL, Piscaglia F, Trevisani F, Cescon M, Ercolani G, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: results of down-staging in patients initially outside the Milan selection criteria. Am J Transplant 2008; 8: 2547-2557.
21. Marshall AE, Rushbrook SM, Vowler SL, Palmer CR, Davies RJ, Gibbs P, et al. Tumor recurrence following liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: role of tumor proliferation status. Liver Transpl 2010; 16: 279-288.
22. Levi DM, Tzakis AG, Martin P, Nishida S, Island E, Moon J, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease era. J Am Coll Surg 2010; 210: 727-734.
23. De Giorgio M, Vezzoli S, Cohen E, Armellini E, Luca MG, Verga G, et al. Prediction of progression-free survival in patients presenting with hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria. Liver Transpl 2010; 16: 503-512.
24. Toso C, Asthana S, Bigam DL, Shapiro AM, Kneteman NM,. Reassessing selection criteria prior to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma utilizing the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Hepatology 2009; 49: 832-838.
25. Pelletier SJ, Fu S, Thyagarajan V, Romero-Marrero C, Batheja MJ, Punch JD, et al. An intention-to-treat analysis of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma using organ procurement transplant network data. Liver Transpl 2009; 15: 859-868.
26. Mazzaferro V, Llovet JM, Miceli R, Bhoori S, Schiavo M, Mariani L, et al.; for Metroticket Investigator Study Group. Predicting survival after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria: a retrospective, exploratory analysis. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10: 35-43.
27. Regalia E, Fassati LR, Valente U, Pulvirenti A, Damilano I, Dardano G, et al. Pattern and management of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1998; 5: 29-34. (Pubitemid 128662554)
28. Marsh JW, Dvorchik I, Iwatsuki S,. Liver transplantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1998; 5: 24-28. (Pubitemid 128662553)
29. Chui AK, Rao AR, McCaughan GW, Waugh R, Verran DJ, Koorey D, et al. An active liver transplant programme for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients: is it justified? Clin Transplant 1999; 13: 531-535. (Pubitemid 30011432)
30. Schlitt HJ, Neipp M, Weimann A, Oldhafer KJ, Schmoll E, Boeker K, et al. Recurrence patterns of hepatocellular and fibrolamellar carcinoma after liver transplantation. J Clin Oncol 1999; 17: 324-331. (Pubitemid 29022410)
31. Vivarelli M, Bellusci R, Cucchetti A, Cavrini G, De Ruvo N, Aden AA, et al. Low recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: better patient selection or lower immunosuppression? Transplantation 2002; 74: 1746-1751. (Pubitemid 36019329)
32. Khakhar A, Solano E, Stell D, Bloch M, Dale C, Burns P, et al. Survival after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplant Proc 2003; 35: 2438-2441. (Pubitemid 37378027)
33. Nart D, Arikan C, Akyildiz M, Yuce G, Demirpolat G, Zeytunlu M, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant era: a clinicopathologic analysis. Transplant Proc 2003; 35: 2986-2990. (Pubitemid 38102109)
34. Plessier A, Codes L, Consigny Y, Sommacale D, Dondero F, Cortes A, et al. Underestimation of the influence of satellite nodules as a risk factor for post-transplantation recurrence in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl 2004; 10 (suppl 1): S86-S90. (Pubitemid 38240107)
35. Ravaioli M, Ercolani G, Cescon M, Vetrone G, Voci C, Grigioni WF, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: further considerations on selection criteria. Liver Transpl 2004; 10: 1195-1202. et al. (Pubitemid 39248420)
36. Shetty K, Timmins K, Brensinger C, Furth EE, Rattan S, Sun W, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma validation of present selection criteria in predicting outcome. Liver Transpl 2004; 10: 911-918. (Pubitemid 38979263)
37. Roayaie S, Schwartz JD, Sung MW, Emre SH, Miller CM, Gondolesi GE, et al. Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplant: patterns and prognosis. Liver Transpl 2004; 10: 534-540. (Pubitemid 38443593)
38. Ho MC, Wu YM, Hu RH, Ko WJ, Yang PM, Lai MY, et al. Liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplant Proc 2004; 36: 2291-2292.
39. Leung JY, Zhu AX, Gordon FD, Pratt DS, Mithoefer A, Garrigan K, et al. Liver transplantation outcomes for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: results of a multicenter study. Liver Transpl 2004; 10: 1343-1354. (Pubitemid 39530049)
40. Zavaglia C, De Carlis L, Alberti AB, Minola E, Belli LS, Slim AO, et al. Predictors of long-term survival after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 2708-2716.
41. Santoyo J, Suarez MA, Fernández-Aguilar JL, Jiménez M, Perez Daga JA, Sánchez-Perez B, et al. Liver transplant results for hepatocellular carcinoma applying strict preoperative selection criteria. Transplant Proc 2005; 37: 1488-1490. (Pubitemid 40712094)
42. Merli M, Nicolini G, Gentili F, Novelli G, Iappelli M, Casciaro G, et al. Predictive factors of outcome after liver transplantation in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplant Proc 2005; 37: 2535-2540. (Pubitemid 41354662)
43. Löhe F, Angele MK, Gerbes AL, Löhrs U, Jauch KW, Schauer RJ,. Tumour size is an important predictor for the outcome after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2005; 31: 994-999. (Pubitemid 41671113)
44. Island ER, Pomposelli J, Pomfret EA, Gordon FD, Lewis WD, Jenkins RL,. Twenty-year experience with liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Surg 2005; 140: 353-358. (Pubitemid 40489952)
45. Benckert C, Jonas S, Thelen A, Spinelli A, Schumacher G, Heise M, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: prognostic parameters. Transplant Proc 2005; 37: 1693-1694. (Pubitemid 40790798)
46. Yokoi H, Isaji S, Yamagiwa K, Tabata M, Nemoto A, Sakurai H, et al. The role of living-donor liver transplantation in surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2006; 13: 123-130.
47. Shah SA, Tan JC, McGilvray ID, Cattral MS, Cleary SP, Levy GA, et al. Accuracy of staging as a predictor for recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplantation 2006; 81: 1633-1639. (Pubitemid 43948294)
48. Decaens T, Roudot-Thoraval F, Hadni-Bresson S, Meyer C, Gugenheim J, Durand F, et al. Impact of UCSF criteria according to pre- and post-OLT tumor features: analysis of 479 patients listed for HCC with a short waiting time. Liver Transpl 2006; 12: 1761-1769. (Pubitemid 44911801)
49. Vitale A, Gringeri E, Valmasoni M, D'Amico F, Carraro A, Pauletto A, et al. Long-term results of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: an update of the University of Padova experience. Transplant Proc 2007; 39: 1892-1894. (Pubitemid 47208573)
50. Rossi M, Merli M, Lai Q, Gentili F, Mennini G, Bussotti A, et al. Outcome after liver transplantation in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplant Proc 2007; 39: 1895-1897. (Pubitemid 47198779)
51. Parfitt JR, Marotta P, Alghamdi M, Wall W, Khakhar A, Suskin NG, et al. Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after transplantation: use of a pathological score on explanted livers to predict recurrence. Liver Transpl 2007; 13: 543-551. et al. (Pubitemid 46605857)
52. Duffy JP, Vardanian A, Benjamin E, Watson M, Farmer DG, Ghobrial RM, et al. Liver transplantation criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma should be expanded: a 22-year experience with 467 patients at UCLA. Ann Surg 2007; 246: 502-509. (Pubitemid 47312148)
53. Zimmerman MA, Trotter JF, Wachs M, Bak T, Campsen J, Wright F, et al. Predictors of long-term outcome following liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center experience. Transpl Int 2007; 20: 747-753. (Pubitemid 47221058)
54. Adler M, De Pauw F, Vereerstraeten P, Fancello A, Lerut J, Starkel P, et al. Outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma listed for liver transplantation within the Eurotransplant allocation system. Liver Transpl 2008; 14: 526-533. (Pubitemid 351524409)
55. Zheng SS, Xu X, Wu J, Chen J, Wang WL, Zhang M, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Hangzhou experiences. Transplantation 2008; 85: 1726-1732.
56. Valdivieso A, Bustamante J, Gastaca M, Uriarte JG, Ventoso A, Ruiz P, et al. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2010; 42: 660-662.
57. Xiao L, Fu ZR, Ding GS, Fu H, Ni ZJ, Wang ZX, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: one center's experience in China. Transplant Proc 2009; 41: 1717-1721.
58. Santoyo J, Sanchez B, de la Mata M, Fernández-Aguilar JL, Lopez-Ciller P, Pascasio JM, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: results of a multicenter study with common priorization criteria. Transplant Proc 2009; 41: 1009-1011.
59. Dudek K, Kornasiewicz O, Remiszewski P, KobryÅ K, Ziarkiewicz-Wrõblewska B, Gõrnicka B, et al. Impact of tumor characteristic on the outcome of liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplant Proc 2009; 41: 3135-3137.
60. Coelho GR, Vasconcelos KF, Vasconcelos JB, Barros MA, Costa PE, Borges GC, et al. Orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: one center's experience in the northeast of Brazil. Transplant Proc 2009; 41: 1740-1742.
61. Kaihara S, Kiuchi T, Ueda M, Oike F, Fujimoto Y, Ogawa K, et al. Living-donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplantation 2003; 75 (suppl):S37-S40. (Pubitemid 36222987)
62. Lee KW, Park JW, Joh JW, Kim SJ, Choi SH, Heo JS, et al. Can we expand the Milan criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma in living donor liver transplantation? Transplant Proc 2004; 36: 2289-2290. (Pubitemid 39550817)
63. Todo S, Furukawa H,; for Japanese Study Group on Organ Transplantation. Living donor liver transplantation for adult patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: experience in Japan. Ann Surg 2004; 240: 451-459.
64. Malagõ M, Sotiropoulos GC, Nadalin S, Valentin-Gamazo C, Paul A, Lang H, et al. Living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center preliminary report. Liver Transpl 2006; 12: 934-940. (Pubitemid 43960369)
65. Kishi Y, Sugawara Y, Tamura S, Kaneko J, Kokudo N, Makuuchi M,. Impact of incidentally found hepatocellular carcinoma on the outcome of living donor liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2006; 19: 720-725. (Pubitemid 44196160)
66. Furukawa H, Shimamura T, Suzuki T, Taniguchi M, Yamashita K, Kamiyama T, et al. Living-donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2006; 13: 393-397. (Pubitemid 44480240)
67. Vakili K, Pomposelli JJ, Cheah YL, Akoad M, Lewis WD, Khettry U, et al. Living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: increased recurrence but improved survival. Liver Transpl 2009; 15: 1861-1866.
68. Concejero A, Chen CL, Wang CC, Wang SH, Lin CC, Liu YW, et al. Living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center experience in Taiwan. Transplantation 2008; 85: 398-406. (Pubitemid 351322764)
69. Shabahang M, Franceschi D, Yamashiki N, Reddy R, Pappas PA, Aviles K, et al. Comparison of hepatic resection and hepatic transplantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma among cirrhotic patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2002; 9: 881-886. (Pubitemid 35265639)
70. Otto G, Heuschen U, Hofmann WJ, Krumm G, Hinz U, Herfarth C,. Survival and recurrence after liver transplantation versus liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective analysis. Ann Surg 1998; 227: 424-432. (Pubitemid 28131024)
71. Michel J, Suc B, Montpeyroux F, Hachemanne S, Blanc P, Domergue J, et al. Liver resection or transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma? Retrospective analysis of 215 patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1997; 26: 1274-1280. (Pubitemid 27346640)
72. Ikegami T, Shimada M, Imura S, Yoshizumi T, Arakawa Y, Tokunaga T, et al. The timing of liver transplantation after primary hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a special reference to recurrence pattern and Milan criteria. Transplantation 2008; 86: 641-646.
73. Kim BW, Park YK, Kim YB, Wang HJ, Kim MW,. Salvage liver transplantation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection: feasibility of the Milan criteria and operative risk. Transplant Proc 2008; 40: 3558-3561.
74. Del Gaudio M, Ercolani G, Ravaioli M, Cescon M, Lauro A, Vivarelli M, et al. Liver transplantation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis after liver resection: University of Bologna experience. Am J Transplant 2008; 8: 1177-1185. (Pubitemid 351763682)
75. Sotiropoulos GC, Drühe N, Sgourakis G, Molmenti EP, Beckebaum S, Baba HA, et al. Liver transplantation, liver resection, and transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: which is the best oncological approach? Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54: 2264-2273.
76. Poon RT, Fan ST, Lo CM, Liu CL, Wong J,. Difference in tumor invasiveness in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma fulfilling the Milan criteria treated by resection and transplantation: impact on long-term survival. Ann Surg 2007; 245: 51-58. (Pubitemid 46035435)
77. De Carlis L, Giacomoni A, Pirotta V, Lauterio A, Slim AO, Sammartino C, et al. Surgical treatment of hepatocellular cancer in the era of hepatic transplantation. J Am Coll Surg 2003; 196: 887-897. (Pubitemid 36676550)
78. Baccarani U, Isola M, Adani GL, Benzoni E, Avellini C, Lorenzin D, et al. Superiority of transplantation versus resection for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Transpl Int 2008; 21: 247-254. (Pubitemid 351197349)
79. Zhou J, Wang Z, Qiu SJ, Huang XW, Sun J, Gu W, Fan J,. Surgical treatment for early hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of resection and liver transplantation. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010; 136: 1453-1460.
80. Lee KK, Kim DG, Moon IS, Lee MD, Park JH,. Liver transplantation versus liver resection for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2010; 101: 47-53.
81. Li J, Yan LN, Yang J, Chen ZY, Li B, Zeng Y, et al. Indicators of prognosis after liver transplantation in Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma patients. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 4170-4176.
82. Pérez-Saborido B, de los Galanes SJ, Menéu-Díaz JC, Romero CJ, Elola-Olaso AM, Suárez YF, et al. Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: recurrence pathway and prognostic factors. Transplant Proc 2007; 39: 2304-2307. (Pubitemid 47418167)
83. Sánchez Antolín G, García Pajares F, Pérez E, Villacastín E, Ruiz Rebollo L, Sánchez DP, et al. Milan criteria versus San Francisco criteria in hepatocellular carcinoma: our center's experience. Transplant Proc 2009; 41: 1012-1013.
84. Yao FY, Ferrell L, Bass NM, Bacchetti P, Ascher NL, Roberts JP,. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of the proposed UCSF criteria with the Milan criteria and the Pittsburgh modified TNM criteria. Liver Transpl 2002; 8: 765-774. (Pubitemid 35012284)
85. Zhou J, Fan J, Wu ZQ, Qiu SJ, Huang XW, Yu Y, et al. Liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at the Liver Cancer Institute of Fudan University, China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2005; 118: 654-659. (Pubitemid 40585027)
86. Bhattacharjya S, Bhattacharjya T, Quaglia A, Dhillon AP, Burroughs AK, Patch DW, et al. Liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis of pre-operative imaging, explant histology and prognostic histologic indicators. Dig Surg 2004; 21: 152-159. (Pubitemid 38812955)
87. Kwon CH, Kim DJ, Han YS, Park JB, Choi GS, Kim SJ, et al. HCC in living donor liver transplantation: can we expand the Milan criteria? Dig Dis 2007; 25: 313-319. (Pubitemid 350014959)
88. Pérez de Luque D, Lõpez Vallejos P, Montero Alvarez JL, Fraga Rivas E, Barrera Baena P, Costán Rodero G, et al. Survival of patients receiving a liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma, and risk of tumor recurrence. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2006; 98: 899-906. (Pubitemid 350269480)
89. Gabrielli M, Vivanco M, Hepp J, Martínez J, Pérez R, Guerra J, et al. Liver transplantation results for hepatocellular carcinoma in Chile. Transplant Proc 2010; 42: 299-301.
90. Hemming AW, Cattral MS, Reed AI, Van Der Werf WJ, Greig PD, Howard RJ,. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg 2001; 233: 652-659. (Pubitemid 32378649)
91. Ismail H, Broniszczak D, KaliciÅski P, Markiewicz-Kijewska M, Teisseyre J, Stefanowicz M, et al. Liver transplantation in children with hepatocellular carcinoma. Do Milan criteria apply to pediatric patients? Pediatr Transplant 2009; 13: 682-692.
92. Teixeira AC, Mente ED, Castro-e-Silva O, Sankarankutty AK, Cantao CA, Souza FF, et al. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with liver transplantation: a single-center experience from Brazil. Transplant Proc 2010; 42: 502-504.
93. Freeman RB Jr., Transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: the Milan criteria and beyond. Liver Transpl 2006; 12 (suppl 2): S8-S13. (Pubitemid 44742516)
94. Mazzaferro V, Chun YS, Poon RT, Schwartz ME, Yao FY, Marsh JW, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15: 1001-1007.
95. Llovet JM, Schwartz M, Mazzaferro V,. Resection and liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2005; 25: 181-200. (Pubitemid 40781071)
96. Schwartz ME, D'Amico F, Vitale A, Emre S, Cillo U,. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: are the Milan criteria still valid? Eur J Surg Oncol 2008; 34: 256-262. (Pubitemid 351312865)
97. Fuster J, Charco R, Llovet JM, Bruix J, García-Valdecasas JC,. Liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transpl Int 2005; 18: 278-282. (Pubitemid 41726889)
98. Mazzaferro V,. Results of liver transplantation: with or without Milan criteria? Liver Transpl 2007; 13 (suppl 2): S44-S47. (Pubitemid 350168173)
99. Bismuth H, Chiche L, Adam R, Castaing D, Diamond T, Dennison A,. Liver resection versus transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients. Ann Surg 1993; 218: 145-151. (Pubitemid 23229140)
100. European Liver Transplant Registry. Accessed June 2011.
101. USTransplant.org. Accessed June 2011.
102. Australia and New Zealand Liver Transplant Registry. Accessed June 2011.
103. Yoo HY, Patt CH, Geschwind JF, Thuluvath PJ,. The outcome of liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States between 1988 and 2001: 5-year survival has improved significantly with time. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 4329-4335. (Pubitemid 46621808)
104. Kulik L, Abecassis M,. Living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2004; 127 (suppl 1): S277-S282. (Pubitemid 39423397)
105. Northup PG, Abecassis MM, Englesbe MJ, Emond JC, Lee VD, Stukenborg GJ, et al.; for Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study Group. Addition of adult-to-adult living donation to liver transplant programs improves survival but at an increased cost. Liver Transpl 2009; 15: 148-162.
106. Longworth L, Young T, Buxton MJ, Ratcliffe J, Neuberger J, Burroughs A, Bryan S,; for CELT Project Team. Midterm cost-effectiveness of the liver transplantation program of England and Wales for three disease groups. Liver Transpl 2003; 9: 1295-1307. (Pubitemid 37536801)
107. Freeman RB, Mithoefer A, Ruthazer R, Nguyen K, Schore A, Harper A, Edwards E,. Optimizing staging for hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation: a retrospective analysis of the UNOS/OPTN database. Liver Transpl 2006; 12: 1504-1511. (Pubitemid 44594281)
108. Washburn K, Edwards E, Harper A, Freeman R,. Hepatocellular carcinoma patients are advantaged in the current liver transplant allocation system. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1643-1648.
109. Mizuno S, Yokoi H, Shiraki K, Usui M, Sakurai H, Tabata M, et al. Prospective study on the outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma registered for living donor liver transplantation: how long can they wait? Transplantation 2010; 89: 650-654.
110. Yao FY,. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: beyond the Milan criteria. Am J Transplant 2008; 8: 1982-1989.
111. Pomfret EA, Washburn K, Wald C, Nalesnik MA, Douglas D, Russo M, et al. Report of a national conference on liver allocation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Liver Transpl 2010; 16: 262-278.
112. Bhoori S, Sposito C, Germini A, Coppa J, Mazzaferro V,. The challenges of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis. Transpl Int 2010; 23: 712-722.
113. Vitale A, Volk ML, Pastorelli D, Lonardi S, Farinati F, Burra P, et al. Use of sorafenib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation: a cost-benefit analysis while awaiting data on sorafenib safety. Hepatology 2010; 51: 165-173.
114. Braillon A,. Hepatocellular carcinoma: sorafenib before liver transplantation? Hepatology 2010; 51: 2232-2233.
115. Navasa M, Bruix J,. Multifaceted perspective of the waiting list for liver transplantation: the value of pharmacokinetic models. Hepatology 2010; 51: 12-15.
116. Rowe IA,. Sorafenib therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation. Hepatology 2010; 52: 1171-1172.
117. Millonig G, Graziadei IW, Freund MC, Jaschke W, Stadlmann S, Ladurner R, et al. Response to preoperative chemoembolization correlates with outcome after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl 2007; 13: 272-279. (Pubitemid 46351654)
118. Otto G, Herber S, Heise M, Lohse AW, Mönch C, Bittinger F, et al. Response to transarterial chemoembolization as a biological selection criterion for liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl 2006; 12: 1260-1267. (Pubitemid 44194595)
119. Yao FY, Kerlan RK Jr, Hirose R, Davern TJ III, Bass NM, Feng S, et al. Excellent outcome following down-staging of hepatocellular carcinoma prior to liver transplantation: an intention-to-treat analysis. Hepatology 2008; 48: 819-827.
120. Merani A, Majno P, Kneteman NM, Berney T, Morel P, Mentha G, Toso C., The impact of waiting list alpha-fetoprotein changes on the outcome of liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol; doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.12. 040.