메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 186-201

The ocean carbon cycle in the Western Arctic Ocean distributions and air-sea fluxes of carbon dioxide

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 80052606127     PISSN: 10428275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2011.71     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (56)

References (138)
  • 1
    • 80052561526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
    • ACIA (Arctic Climate Impact Assessment). 2006. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1,046 pp.
    • (2006) ACIA (Arctic Climate Impact Assessment) , vol.1 , pp. 046
  • 3
    • 7444262515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of dissolved organic matter for the organic carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean
    • R.S. Stein and R.W. Macdonald, eds, Springer, New York
    • Amon, R.M.W. 2004. The role of dissolved organic matter for the organic carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean. Pp. 83-99 in The Organic Carbon Cycle in the Arctic Ocean. R.S. Stein and R.W. Macdonald, eds, Springer, New York.
    • (2004) The Organic Carbon Cycle In the Arctic Ocean , pp. 83-99
    • Amon, R.M.W.1
  • 4
    • 0035678882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon fluxes in the Arctic Ocean: Potential impact by climate change
    • Anderson, L.G., and S. Kaltin. 2001. Carbon fluxes in the Arctic Ocean: Potential impact by climate change. Polar Research 20(2):225-232, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2001.tb00060.x.
    • (2001) Polar Research , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-232
    • Anderson, L.G.1    Kaltin, S.2
  • 7
    • 0001161632 scopus 로고
    • 2 into the Arctic Ocean
    • Anderson, L.G., D. Dyrssen, and E.P. Jones. 1990. An assessment of the transport of atmospheric CO2 into the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 95(C2):1703-1711, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JC095iC02p01703.
    • (1990) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.95 , Issue.C2 , pp. 1703-1711
    • Anderson, L.G.1    Dyrssen, D.2    Jones, E.P.3
  • 8
    • 4444336722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide during freezing of seawater: A field study in Storfjorden, Svalbard
    • Anderson, L.G., E. Falck, E.P. Jones, S. Jutterström, and J.H. Swift. 2004. Enhanced uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide during freezing of seawater: A field study in Storfjorden, Svalbard. Journal of Geophysical Research 109(C6), C06004, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002120.
    • (2004) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.109 , Issue.C6
    • Anderson, L.G.1    Falck, E.2    Jones, E.P.3    Jutterström, S.4    Swift, J.H.5
  • 9
    • 0141501392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Export production in the central Arctic Ocean evaluated from phosphate deficits
    • Anderson, L.G., E.P. Jones, and J.H. Swift. 2003. Export production in the central Arctic Ocean evaluated from phosphate deficits. Journal of Geophysical Research 108(C6), 3199, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC001057.
    • (2003) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.108 , Issue.C6 , pp. 3199
    • Anderson, L.G.1    Jones, E.P.2    Swift, J.H.3
  • 11
    • 0032420418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A carbon budget for the Arctic Ocean
    • Anderson, L.G., K. Olsson, and M. Chierici. 1998a. A carbon budget for the Arctic Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12(3):455-465, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98GB01372.
    • (1998) Global Biogeochemical Cycles , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 455-465
    • Anderson, L.G.1    Olsson, K.2    Chierici, M.3
  • 14
    • 77949280343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The distribution of the carbonate parameters in the waters of Anadyr Bay of the Bering Sea and in the western part of the Chukchi Sea
    • Andreev, A.G., C.-T.A. Chen, and N.A. Sereda. 2010. The distribution of the carbonate parameters in the waters of Anadyr Bay of the Bering Sea and in the western part of the Chukchi Sea. Oceanology 50(1):39-50, http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0001437010010054.
    • (2010) Oceanology , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-50
    • Andreev, A.G.1    Chen, C.-T.A.2    Sereda, N.A.3
  • 15
    • 57749176364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine primary production
    • Arrigo, K.R., G. van Dijken, and S. Pabi. 2008. The impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine primary production. Geophysical Research Letters 35, L19603, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035028.
    • (2008) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.35
    • Arrigo, K.R.1    van Dijken, G.2    Pabi, S.3
  • 17
    • 33845612348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air-sea carbon dioxide fluxes and the continental shelf pump of carbon in the Chukchi Sea adjacent to the Arctic Ocean
    • Bates, N.R. 2006. Air-sea carbon dioxide fluxes and the continental shelf pump of carbon in the Chukchi Sea adjacent to the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 111, C10013, http://dx.doi.org/10.129/2005JC003083.
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.111
    • Bates, N.R.1
  • 18
    • 36249029901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability of the oceanic carbon dioxide sink in the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean over the last two decades
    • Bates, N.R. 2007. Interannual variability of the oceanic carbon dioxide sink in the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean over the last two decades. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, C09013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003759.
    • (2007) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.112
    • Bates, N.R.1
  • 19
    • 70849110772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic Ocean marine carbon cycle: Evaluation of air-sea carbon dioxide exchanges, ocean acidification impacts and potential feedbacks
    • Bates, N.R., and J.T. Mathis. 2009. The Arctic Ocean marine carbon cycle: Evaluation of air-sea carbon dioxide exchanges, ocean acidification impacts and potential feedbacks. Biogeosciences 6(11):2433-2459, http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2433-2009.
    • (2009) Biogeosciences , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 2433-2459
    • Bates, N.R.1    Mathis, J.T.2
  • 20
    • 28844439397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatio-temporal distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon and net community production in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas
    • Bates, N.R., M.H.P. Best, and D.A. Hansell. 2005a. Spatio-temporal distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon and net community production in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3,303-3,323, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.005.
    • (2005) Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3 , vol.323 , pp. 303
    • Bates, N.R.1    Best, M.H.P.2    Hansell, D.A.3
  • 23
    • 28944446151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and spatial distributions of particulate organic matter (POM) in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas
    • Bates, N.R., D.A. Hansell, S.B. Moran, and L.A. Codispoti. 2005b. Seasonal and spatial distributions of particulate organic matter (POM) in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3,324-323,343, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.003.
    • (2005) Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3 , vol.343 , pp. 323-324
    • Bates, N.R.1    Hansell, D.A.2    Moran, S.B.3    Codispoti, L.A.4
  • 24
    • 75449108806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of ocean acidification on biologically induced seasonality of carbonate mineral saturation states in the western Arctic Ocean
    • Bates, N.R., J.T. Mathis, and L. Cooper. 2009. The effect of ocean acidification on biologically induced seasonality of carbonate mineral saturation states in the western Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 114, C11007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004862.
    • (2009) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.114
    • Bates, N.R.1    Mathis, J.T.2    Cooper, L.3
  • 25
    • 34548617229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An increasing CO2 sink in the Arctic Ocean due to sea-ice loss?
    • Bates, N.R., S.B. Moran, D.A. Hansell, and J.T. Mathis. 2006a. An increasing CO2 sink in the Arctic Ocean due to sea-ice loss? Geophysical Research Letters 33, L23609, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027028.
    • (2006) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.33
    • Bates, N.R.1    Moran, S.B.2    Hansell, D.A.3    Mathis, J.T.4
  • 26
    • 69849112771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sequestration of terrestrial organic carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments: A comparison of methods and implications for regional carbon budgets
    • Belicka, L.L., and H.R. Harvey. 2009. The sequestration of terrestrial organic carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments: A comparison of methods and implications for regional carbon budgets. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 73:6,231-236,248, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.020.
    • (2009) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 231-236
    • Belicka, L.L.1    Harvey, H.R.2
  • 27
    • 69249202251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace element and molecular markers of organic carbon dynamics along a shelf-basin continuum in sediments of the western Arctic Ocean
    • Belicka, L.L., R.W. Macdonald, and H.R. Harvey. 2009. Trace element and molecular markers of organic carbon dynamics along a shelf-basin continuum in sediments of the western Arctic Ocean. Marine Chemistry 115:72-85, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.06.007.
    • (2009) Marine Chemistry , vol.115 , pp. 72-85
    • Belicka, L.L.1    Macdonald, R.W.2    Harvey, H.R.3
  • 30
    • 79951599984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 sinks or sites of terrestrial carbon incineration?
    • Cai, W.-J. 2011. Estuarine and coastal ocean carbon paradox: CO2 sinks or sites of terrestrial carbon incineration? Annual Reviews of Marine Science 3:123-145, http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-120709-142723.
    • (2011) Annual Reviews of Marine Science , vol.3 , pp. 123-145
    • Cai, W.-J.1
  • 32
    • 0141509067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH
    • Caldeira, K., and M.E. Wickett. 2003. Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH. Nature 425(6956):365, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/425365a.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.425 , Issue.6956 , pp. 365
    • Caldeira, K.1    Wickett, M.E.2
  • 33
    • 0028164002 scopus 로고
    • Annual flux of dissolved organic carbon from the euphotic zone in the northwestern Sargasso Sea
    • Carlson, C.A., H.W. Ducklow, and A.F. Michaels. 1994. Annual flux of dissolved organic carbon from the euphotic zone in the northwestern Sargasso Sea. Nature 371(6496):405-408, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/371405a0.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.371 , Issue.6496 , pp. 405-408
    • Carlson, C.A.1    Ducklow, H.W.2    Michaels, A.F.3
  • 34
    • 33751198690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food webs and physical-biological coupling on pan-Arctic shelves: Unifying concepts and comprehensive perspectives
    • Carmack, E., and P. Wassmann. 2006. Food webs and physical-biological coupling on pan-Arctic shelves: Unifying concepts and comprehensive perspectives. Progress in Oceanography 71:446-477, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2006.10.004.
    • (2006) Progress In Oceanography , vol.71 , pp. 446-477
    • Carmack, E.1    Wassmann, P.2
  • 35
    • 0030201508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biogeochemistry of Lena River: Organic carbon and nutrients distribution
    • Cauwet, G., and I. Sidorov. 1996. The biogeochemistry of Lena River: Organic carbon and nutrients distribution. Marine Chemistry 53:211-227, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(95)00090-9.
    • (1996) Marine Chemistry , vol.53 , pp. 211-227
    • Cauwet, G.1    Sidorov, I.2
  • 36
    • 36749056207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 in the northern Bering and Chukchi seas
    • Chen, L.Q., and Z.Y. Gao. 2007. Spatial variability in the partial pressures of CO2 in the northern Bering and Chukchi seas. Deep-Sea Research Part II 54:2619-2629, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.08.010.
    • (2007) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.54 , pp. 2619-2629
    • Chen, L.Q.1    Gao, Z.Y.2
  • 37
    • 70749118795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium carbonate saturation in the surface water of the Arctic Ocean: Undersaturation in freshwater influenced shelves
    • Chierici, M., and A. Fransson. 2009. Calcium carbonate saturation in the surface water of the Arctic Ocean: Undersaturation in freshwater influenced shelves. Biogeosciences 6:2421-2432, http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2421-2009.
    • (2009) Biogeosciences , vol.6 , pp. 2421-2432
    • Chierici, M.1    Fransson, A.2
  • 39
    • 28844481107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrographic conditions during the 2002 SBI process experiments
    • Codispoti, L., C. Flagg, and V. Kelly. 2005. Hydrographic conditions during the 2002 SBI process experiments. Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3,199-3,226, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.007.
    • (2005) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-199
    • Codispoti, L.1    Flagg, C.2    Kelly, V.3
  • 43
    • 0029669641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrients, primary production and microbial heterotrophy in the southeastern Chukchi Sea: Arctic summer nutrient depletion and heterotrophy
    • Cota, G.F., L.R. Pomeroy, W.G. Harrison, E.P. Jones, F. Peters, W.M. Sheldon, and T.R. Weingartner. 1996. Nutrients, primary production and microbial heterotrophy in the southeastern Chukchi Sea: Arctic summer nutrient depletion and heterotrophy. Marine Ecology Progress Series 135:247-258, http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps135247.
    • (1996) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.135 , pp. 247-258
    • Cota, G.F.1    Pomeroy, L.R.2    Harrison, W.G.3    Jones, E.P.4    Peters, F.5    Sheldon, W.M.6    Weingartner, T.R.7
  • 44
    • 28844472997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal trends in the abundance, composition and bioavailability of particulate and dissolved organic matter in the Chukchi/Beaufort Seas and western Canada Basin
    • Davis, J., and R. Benner. 2005. Seasonal trends in the abundance, composition and bioavailability of particulate and dissolved organic matter in the Chukchi/Beaufort Seas and western Canada Basin. Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3396-3410, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.09.006.
    • (2005) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.52 , pp. 3396-3410
    • Davis, J.1    Benner, R.2
  • 45
    • 34547140649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2, dimethylsulfide) dynamics in spring Antarctic fast ice
    • Delille, B., B. Jourdain, A.V. Borges, J.-L. Tison, and D. Delille. 2007. Biogas (CO2, O2, dimethylsulfide) dynamics in spring Antarctic fast ice. Limnology and Oceanography 52:1367-1379, http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1367.
    • (2007) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.52 , pp. 1367-1379
    • Delille, B.1    Jourdain, B.2    Borges, A.V.3    Tison, J.-L.4    Delille, D.5
  • 46
    • 44949267146 scopus 로고
    • - in synthetic sea water from 273.15 to 318.15 K
    • - in synthetic sea water from 273.15 to 318.15 K. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 22:113-127, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(90)90074-Z.
    • (1990) The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics , vol.22 , pp. 113-127
    • Dickson, A.G.1
  • 47
    • 45949128761 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media. Deep-Sea Research Part A
    • Dickson, A.G., and F.J. Millero. 1987. A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media. Deep-Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers 34:1733-1743, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90021-5.
    • (1987) Oceanographic Research Papers , vol.34 , pp. 1733-1743
    • Dickson, A.G.1    Millero, F.J.2
  • 48
    • 53349155547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PICES Special Publication 3, accessed June 1, 2011
    • Dickson, A.G., C.L. Sabine, and J.R. Christian, eds. 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3. Available online at: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/Handbook_2007.html (accessed June 1, 2011)
    • (2007) 2 Measurements
    • Dickson, A.G.1    Sabine, C.L.2    Christian, J.R.3
  • 49
    • 56949094140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term and interannual variability of summer fresh water storage over the eastern Siberian shelf: Implications for climate change
    • Dmitrenko, I.A., S.A. Kirillov, and B.L. Tremblay. 2008. The long-term and interannual variability of summer fresh water storage over the eastern Siberian shelf: Implications for climate change. Journal of Geophysical Research 113, C03007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004304.
    • (2008) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.113
    • Dmitrenko, I.A.1    Kirillov, S.A.2    Tremblay, B.L.3
  • 52
    • 44649106921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes
    • Fabry, V.J., B.A. Seibel, R.A. Feely, and J.C. Orr. 2008. Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes. ICES Journal of Marine Science 65:414-432, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn048.
    • (2008) ICES Journal of Marine Science , vol.65 , pp. 414-432
    • Fabry, V.J.1    Seibel, B.A.2    Feely, R.A.3    Orr, J.C.4
  • 53
    • 17644383400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Southeastern Chukchi Sea (Alaska) epibenthos
    • Feder, H.M., S.C. Jewett, and A. Blanchard. 2005. Southeastern Chukchi Sea (Alaska) epibenthos. Polar Biology 28(5):402-421, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-004-0683-4.
    • (2005) Polar Biology , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 402-421
    • Feder, H.M.1    Jewett, S.C.2    Blanchard, A.3
  • 54
    • 35348847977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particulate organic carbon fluxes on the slope of the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea): Physical and biological forcing on shelf-basin exchanges
    • Forest, A., M. Sampei, H. Hattori, R. Makabe, H. Sasaki, M. Fukuchi, P. Wassmann, and L. Fortier. 2007. Particulate organic carbon fluxes on the slope of the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea): Physical and biological forcing on shelf-basin exchanges. Journal of Marine Systems 68, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.10.008.
    • (2007) Journal of Marine Systems , pp. 68
    • Forest, A.1    Sampei, M.2    Hattori, H.3    Makabe, R.4    Sasaki, H.5    Fukuchi, M.6    Wassmann, P.7    Fortier, L.8
  • 55
    • 56949092901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to special section on annual cycles on the Arctic Ocean shelf
    • Fortier, L., and J.K. Cochran. 2008. Introduction to special section on annual cycles on the Arctic Ocean shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research 113, C03S00, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004457.
    • (2008) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.113
    • Fortier, L.1    Cochran, J.K.2
  • 56
    • 0035128872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of shelf processes for the modification of chemical constituents in the waters of the Eurasian Arctic Ocean: Implication for carbon fluxes
    • Fransson, A., M. Chierici, L.C. Anderson, I. Bussmann, G. Kattner, E.P. Jones, and J.H. Swift. 2001. The importance of shelf processes for the modification of chemical constituents in the waters of the Eurasian Arctic Ocean: Implication for carbon fluxes. Continental Shelf Research 21(3):225-242, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(00)00088-1.
    • (2001) Continental Shelf Research , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-242
    • Fransson, A.1    Chierici, M.2    Anderson, L.C.3    Bussmann, I.4    Kattner, G.5    Jones, E.P.6    Swift, J.H.7
  • 57
    • 67349194962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into the spatial variability of the surface water carbon dioxide in varying sea ice conditions in the Arctic Ocean
    • Fransson, A., M. Chierici, and Y. Nojiri. 2009. New insights into the spatial variability of the surface water carbon dioxide in varying sea ice conditions in the Arctic Ocean. Continental Shelf Research 29:1317-1328 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.03.008.
    • (2009) Continental Shelf Research , vol.29 , pp. 1317-1328
    • Fransson, A.1    Chierici, M.2    Nojiri, Y.3
  • 58
    • 0005145228 scopus 로고
    • Gas movement through sea ice
    • Gosink, T.A., J.G. Pearson, and J.J. Kelley. 1976. Gas movement through sea ice. Nature 263:41-42, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/263041a0.
    • (1976) Nature , vol.263 , pp. 41-42
    • Gosink, T.A.1    Pearson, J.G.2    Kelley, J.J.3
  • 59
    • 0031420999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New measurements of phytoplankton and ice algal production in the Arctic Ocean
    • Gosselin, M., M. Levasseur, P.A. Wheeler, R.A. Horner, and B.C. Booth. 1997. New measurements of phytoplankton and ice algal production in the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research Part II 44:1623-1644, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00054-4.
    • (1997) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.44 , pp. 1623-1644
    • Gosselin, M.1    Levasseur, M.2    Wheeler, P.A.3    Horner, R.A.4    Booth, B.C.5
  • 60
    • 67649414368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea-ice algae: Major contributors to primary production and algal biomass in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas during May/June 2002
    • Gradinger, R. 2009. Sea-ice algae: Major contributors to primary production and algal biomass in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas during May/June 2002. Deep-Sea Research Part II 56:1,201-1,212, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.10.016.
    • (2009) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.56 , pp. 1201-1212
    • Gradinger, R.1
  • 61
    • 70849090897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • in North American Continental Margins: A Synthesis and Planning Workshop. B. Hales, W.-J. Cai, B.G. Mitchell, C.L. Sabine, and O. Schofield, eds, US Carbon Cycle Science Program, Washington, DC
    • Grebmeier, J.M., N.R. Bates, and A. Devol. 2008. Continental margins of the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea. Pp. 61-72 in North American Continental Margins: A Synthesis and Planning Workshop. B. Hales, W.-J. Cai, B.G. Mitchell, C.L. Sabine, and O. Schofield, eds, US Carbon Cycle Science Program, Washington, DC.
    • (2008) Continental Margins of the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea , pp. 61-72
    • Grebmeier, J.M.1    Bates, N.R.2    Devol, A.3
  • 62
    • 33751036734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source and transport of terrigenous organic matter in the upper Yukon River: Evidence from isotope (δ13C, Δ14C, and δ15N) composition of dissolved, colloidal, and particulate phases
    • Guo, L., and R.W. Macdonald. 2006. Source and transport of terrigenous organic matter in the upper Yukon River: Evidence from isotope (δ13C, Δ14C, and δ15N) composition of dissolved, colloidal, and particulate phases. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20(2), GB2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002593.
    • (2006) Global Biogeochemical Cycles , vol.20 , Issue.2
    • Guo, L.1    Macdonald, R.W.2
  • 63
    • 79960251477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread release of old carbon across the Siberian Arctic echoed by its large rivers
    • Gustafsson, O., B.E. Van Dongen, J.E. Vonk, O.V. Dudarev, and I.P. Semiletov. 2011. Widespread release of old carbon across the Siberian Arctic echoed by its large rivers. Biogeosciences Discussions 8:1445-1461, http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-1445-2011.
    • (2011) Biogeosciences Discussions , vol.8 , pp. 1445-1461
    • Gustafsson, O.1    van Dongen, B.E.2    Vonk, J.E.3    Dudarev, O.V.4    Semiletov, I.P.5
  • 64
    • 0009781149 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of water column primary productivity in the Chukchi Sea during summer
    • Hameedi, M.J. 1978. Aspects of water column primary productivity in the Chukchi Sea during summer. Marine Biology 48:37-46, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390529.
    • (1978) Marine Biology , vol.48 , pp. 37-46
    • Hameedi, M.J.1
  • 65
    • 2442478629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon in the western Arctic Ocean
    • Hansell, D.A., D. Kadko, and N.R. Bates. 2004. Degradation of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon in the western Arctic Ocean. Science 304(5672):858-861, http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1096175.
    • (2004) Science , vol.304 , Issue.5672 , pp. 858-861
    • Hansell, D.A.1    Kadko, D.2    Bates, N.R.3
  • 66
    • 28844491360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of primary production on the shelf, slope and basin of the Western Arctic in 2002
    • Hill, V., and G. Cota. 2005. Spatial patterns of primary production on the shelf, slope and basin of the Western Arctic in 2002. Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3344-3354, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.001.
    • (2005) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.52 , pp. 3344-3354
    • Hill, V.1    Cota, G.2
  • 70
    • 0001246090 scopus 로고
    • On the origin of chemical-properties of the Arctic-Ocean halocline
    • Jones, E.P., and L.G. Anderson. 1986. On the origin of chemical-properties of the Arctic-Ocean halocline. Journal of Geophysical Research 91:759-767, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JC091iC09p10759.
    • (1986) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.91 , pp. 759-767
    • Jones, E.P.1    Anderson, L.G.2
  • 71
    • 56049128189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacific freshwater, river water and sea-ice meltwater across the Arctic Ocean basins: Results from the 2005 Beringia Expedition
    • Jones, E.P., L.G. Anderson, S. Jutterström, L. Mintrop, and J.H. Swift. 2008. Pacific freshwater, river water and sea-ice meltwater across the Arctic Ocean basins: Results from the 2005 Beringia Expedition. Journal of Geophysical Research 113, C08012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004124.
    • (2008) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.113
    • Jones, E.P.1    Anderson, L.G.2    Jutterström, S.3    Mintrop, L.4    Swift, J.H.5
  • 72
    • 18044366976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The saturation of calcite and aragonite in the Arctic Ocean
    • Jutterström, S., and L.G. Anderson. 2005. The saturation of calcite and aragonite in the Arctic Ocean. Marine Chemistry 94:101-110.
    • (2005) Marine Chemistry , vol.94 , pp. 101-110
    • Jutterström, S.1    Anderson, L.G.2
  • 73
    • 78249265299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 by the Arctic Ocean in a changing climate
    • Jutterström, S., and L.G. Anderson. 2010. Uptake of CO2 by the Arctic Ocean in a changing climate. Marine Chemistry 122:96-104, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.07.002.
    • (2010) Marine Chemistry , vol.122 , pp. 96-104
    • Jutterström, S.1    Anderson, L.G.2
  • 74
    • 18044364459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 in water transported over the Bering-Chukchi Sea shelf
    • Kaltin, S., and L.G. Anderson. 2005. Uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide in Arctic shelf seas: Evaluation of the relative importance of processes that influence pCO2 in water transported over the Bering-Chukchi Sea shelf. Marine Chemistry 94:67-79, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2004.07.010.
    • (2005) Marine Chemistry , vol.94 , pp. 67-79
    • Kaltin, S.1    Anderson, L.G.2
  • 76
    • 0032991385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracing dissolved organic substances and nutrients from the Lena River through Laptev Sea (Arctic)
    • Kattner, G., J.M. Lobbes, H.P. Fitznar, R. Engbrodt, E.-M. Nothig, and R.J. Lara. 1999. Tracing dissolved organic substances and nutrients from the Lena River through Laptev Sea (Arctic). Marine Chemistry 65:25-39, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00008-0.
    • (1999) Marine Chemistry , vol.65 , pp. 25-39
    • Kattner, G.1    Lobbes, J.M.2    Fitznar, H.P.3    Engbrodt, R.4    Nothig, E.-M.5    Lara, R.J.6
  • 77
    • 85005642536 scopus 로고
    • Carbon dioxide in the surface waters of the North Atlantic and the Barents and Kara Seas
    • Kelley, J.J. 1970. Carbon dioxide in the surface waters of the North Atlantic and the Barents and Kara Seas. Limnology and Oceanography 15:80-87.
    • (1970) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.15 , pp. 80-87
    • Kelley, J.J.1
  • 78
    • 70349598909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability in the annual cycle of vertical particulate organic carbon export on Arctic shelves: Contrasting the Laptev Sea, Northern Baffin Bay and the Beaufort Sea
    • Lalande, C., A. Forest, D.G. Barber, T. Gratton, and L. Fortier. 2009. Variability in the annual cycle of vertical particulate organic carbon export on Arctic shelves: Contrasting the Laptev Sea, Northern Baffin Bay and the Beaufort Sea. Continental Shelf Research 29:2157-2165.
    • (2009) Continental Shelf Research , vol.29 , pp. 2157-2165
    • Lalande, C.1    Forest, A.2    Barber, D.G.3    Gratton, T.4    Fortier, L.5
  • 81
    • 78650306064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid removal of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon over the Eurasian shelves of the Arctic Ocean
    • Letscher, R.T., D.A. Hansell, and D. Kadko. 2011. Rapid removal of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon over the Eurasian shelves of the Arctic Ocean. Marine Chemistry 123:78-87, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.10.002.
    • (2011) Marine Chemistry , vol.123 , pp. 78-87
    • Letscher, R.T.1    Hansell, D.A.2    Kadko, D.3
  • 82
    • 0033834747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeochemical characteristics of dissolved and particulate organic matter in Russian rivers entering the Arctic Ocean
    • Lobbes, J.M., H.P. Fitznar, and G. Kattner. 2000. Biogeochemical characteristics of dissolved and particulate organic matter in Russian rivers entering the Arctic Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64:2973-2983, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00409-9.
    • (2000) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.64 , pp. 2973-2983
    • Lobbes, J.M.1    Fitznar, H.P.2    Kattner, G.3
  • 83
    • 0030485160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Nordic Seas-Arctic Ocean carbon budget from volume flows and inorganic carbon data
    • Lundberg, L., and P.M. Haugen. 1996. A Nordic Seas-Arctic Ocean carbon budget from volume flows and inorganic carbon data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 10:493-510, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96GB00359.
    • (1996) Global Biogeochemical Cycles , vol.10 , pp. 493-510
    • Lundberg, L.1    Haugen, P.M.2
  • 84
  • 86
    • 34347272791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Arctic climate paradox and the continuing role of atmospheric circulation in affecting sea ice conditions
    • Maslanik, J.A., S. Drobo, C. Fowler, W. Emery, and R. Barry. 2007. On the Arctic climate paradox and the continuing role of atmospheric circulation in affecting sea ice conditions. Geophysical Research Letters 34, L03711, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028269.
    • (2007) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.34
    • Maslanik, J.A.1    Drobo, S.2    Fowler, C.3    Emery, W.4    Barry, R.5
  • 87
    • 28844497407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong hydrographic controls on spatial and seasonal variability of dissolved organic carbon in the Chukchi Sea
    • Mathis, J.T., D.A. Hansell, and N.R. Bates. 2005. Strong hydrographic controls on spatial and seasonal variability of dissolved organic carbon in the Chukchi Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part II 52:3245-3258, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.002.
    • (2005) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.52 , pp. 3245-3258
    • Mathis, J.T.1    Hansell, D.A.2    Bates, N.R.3
  • 88
    • 67649610617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability of dissolved inorganic carbon distribution and net community production during the Western Arctic Shelf-Basin Interactions Project
    • Mathis, J.T., D.A. Hansell, and N.R. Bates. 2009. Interannual variability of dissolved inorganic carbon distribution and net community production during the Western Arctic Shelf-Basin Interactions Project. Deep-Sea Research Part II 56:1213-1222, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.10.017.
    • (2009) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.56 , pp. 1213-1222
    • Mathis, J.T.1    Hansell, D.A.2    Bates, N.R.3
  • 89
    • 35348965227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining net dissolved organic carbon production in the hydrographically complex western Arctic Ocean
    • Mathis, J.T., D.A. Hansell, D. Kadko, N.R. Bates, and L.W. Cooper. 2007b. Determining net dissolved organic carbon production in the hydrographically complex western Arctic Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography 52:1789-1799, http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.5.1789.
    • (2007) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.52 , pp. 1789-1799
    • Mathis, J.T.1    Hansell, D.A.2    Kadko, D.3    Bates, N.R.4    Cooper, L.W.5
  • 90
    • 41049088222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eddy transport of organic carbon and nutrients from the Chukchi Shelf: Impact on the upper halocline of the western Arctic Ocean
    • Mathis, J.T., R.S. Pickart, D.A. Hansell, D. Kadko, and N.R. Bates. 2007a. Eddy transport of organic carbon and nutrients from the Chukchi Shelf: Impact on the upper halocline of the western Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, C05011, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003899.
    • (2007) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.112
    • Mathis, J.T.1    Pickart, R.S.2    Hansell, D.A.3    Kadko, D.4    Bates, N.R.5
  • 92
    • 33751003243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated regional changes in Arctic climate feedbacks: Implications for the global climate system
    • McGuire, A.D., F.S. Chapin, J.E. Walsh, and C. Wirth. 2006. Integrated regional changes in Arctic climate feedbacks: Implications for the global climate system. Annual Reviews of Environment and Resources 31:61-91, http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.31.020105.100253.
    • (2006) Annual Reviews of Environment and Resources , vol.31 , pp. 61-91
    • McGuire, A.D.1    Chapin, F.S.2    Walsh, J.E.3    Wirth, C.4
  • 93
    • 84983858016 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of the apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at atmospheric pressure
    • Mehrbach, C., C.H. Culberson, J.E. Hawley, and R.M. Pytkowicz. 1973. Measurement of the apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at atmospheric pressure. Limnology and Oceanography 18:897-907, http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1973.18.6.0897.
    • (1973) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.18 , pp. 897-907
    • Mehrbach, C.1    Culberson, C.H.2    Hawley, J.E.3    Pytkowicz, R.M.4
  • 95
    • 0031420071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 234Th/238U disequilibrium in the central Arctic Ocean: Implications for particulate organic carbon export
    • Moran, S.B., K.M. Ellis, and J.N. Smith. 1997. 234Th/238U disequilibrium in the central Arctic Ocean: Implications for particulate organic carbon export. Deep-Sea Research Part II 44:1593-1608, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00049-0.
    • (1997) Deep-Sea Research Part II , vol.44 , pp. 1593-1608
    • Moran, S.B.1    Ellis, K.M.2    Smith, J.N.3
  • 97
    • 80052605033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • in On Thin Ice: A Synthesis of the Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study (CASES). L. Fortier, D. Barber, and J. Michaud, eds, Aboriginal Issues Press
    • Mucci, A., A. Forest, L. Fortier, M. Fukuchi, J. Grant, H. Hattori, P. Hill, G. Lintern, R. Makbe, C. Magen, and others. 2008. Organic and inorganic fluxes. Pp. 113-141 in On Thin Ice: A Synthesis of the Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study (CASES). L. Fortier, D. Barber, and J. Michaud, eds, Aboriginal Issues Press.
    • (2008) Organic and Inorganic Fluxes , pp. 113-141
    • Mucci, A.1    Forest, A.2    Fortier, L.3    Fukuchi, M.4    Grant, J.5    Hattori, H.6    Hill, P.7    Lintern, G.8    Makbe, R.9    Magen, C.10
  • 98
    • 0038612890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summertime carbon dioxide sinks in shelf and slope waters of the western Arctic Ocean
    • Murata, A., and T. Takizawa. 2003. Summertime carbon dioxide sinks in shelf and slope waters of the western Arctic Ocean. Continental Shelf Research 23:753-776, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(03)00046-3.
    • (2003) Continental Shelf Research , vol.23 , pp. 753-776
    • Murata, A.1    Takizawa, T.2
  • 99
    • 42349086726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the role of Arctic sea ice in seasonal variability of carbon dioxide concentration in Northern Latitudes
    • Nagurnyi, A.P. 2008. On the role of Arctic sea ice in seasonal variability of carbon dioxide concentration in Northern Latitudes. Russian Meteorology and Hydrology 33:43-47.
    • (2008) Russian Meteorology and Hydrology , vol.33 , pp. 43-47
    • Nagurnyi, A.P.1
  • 100
    • 33644859449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 and air-sea carbon dioxide flux in the Greenland Sea and the Barents Sea
    • Nakaoka, S., S. Aiki, T. Nakazawa, G. Hashida, S. Morimoto, T. Yamanouchi, and H. Yoshikawa-Inoue. 2006. Temporal and spatial variations of oceanic pCO2 and air-sea carbon dioxide flux in the Greenland Sea and the Barents Sea. Tellus 27:148-161, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00178.x.
    • (2006) Tellus , vol.27 , pp. 148-161
    • Nakaoka, S.1    Aiki, S.2    Nakazawa, T.3    Hashida, G.4    Morimoto, S.5    Yamanouchi, T.6    Yoshikawa-Inoue, H.7
  • 101
    • 34249656885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inorganic carbon and nutrient fluxes on the Arctic Shelf
    • Nitishinsky, M., L.G. Anderson, and J.A. Holemann. 2007. Inorganic carbon and nutrient fluxes on the Arctic Shelf. Continental Shelf Research 27:1584-1599, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.01.019.
    • (2007) Continental Shelf Research , vol.27 , pp. 1584-1599
    • Nitishinsky, M.1    Anderson, L.G.2    Holemann, J.A.3
  • 102
    • 84952776946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 flux
    • H. Drange, T. Dokken, T. Furevik, R. Gerdes, and W. Berger, eds, Geophysical Monograph 158, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Omar, A.M., T. Johannessen, R.G.J. Bellerby, A. Olsen, L.G. Anderson, and C. Kivimäe. 2005. Sea ice and brine formation in Storfjorden: Implications for the Arctic wintertime air-sea CO2 flux. Pp. 177-187 in The Nordic Seas: An Integrated Perspective. H. Drange, T. Dokken, T. Furevik, R. Gerdes, and W. Berger, eds, Geophysical Monograph 158, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 370 pp.
    • (2005) The Nordic Seas: An Integrated Perspective , pp. 177-187
    • Omar, A.M.1    Johannessen, T.2    Bellerby, R.G.J.3    Olsen, A.4    Anderson, L.G.5    Kivimäe, C.6
  • 103
    • 33947713543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and interannual variability of the air-sea carbon dioxide flux in the Atlantic sector of the Barents Sea
    • Omar, A.M., T. Johannessen, A. Olsen, S. Kaltin, and F. Rey. 2007. Seasonal and interannual variability of the air-sea carbon dioxide flux in the Atlantic sector of the Barents Sea. Marine Chemistry 104:203-213, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2006.11.002.
    • (2007) Marine Chemistry , vol.104 , pp. 203-213
    • Omar, A.M.1    Johannessen, T.2    Olsen, A.3    Kaltin, S.4    Rey, F.5
  • 104
    • 26944481617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impacts on calcifying organisms
    • Orr, J.C., V.J. Fabry, O. Aumont, L. Bopp, S.C. Doney, R.A. Feely, A. Gnanadesikan, N. Gruber, A. Ishida, F. Joos, and others. 2005. Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impacts on calcifying organisms. Nature 437:681-686, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04095.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.437 , pp. 681-686
    • Orr, J.C.1    Fabry, V.J.2    Aumont, O.3    Bopp, L.4    Doney, S.C.5    Feely, R.A.6    Gnanadesikan, A.7    Gruber, N.8    Ishida, A.9    Joos, F.10
  • 105
  • 106
    • 79951860281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 exchange over seasonal sea ice in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
    • Papakyriakou, T., and L. Miller. 2011. Springtime CO2 exchange over seasonal sea ice in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Annals of Glaciology 52:215-224, http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756411795931534.
    • (2011) Annals of Glaciology , vol.52 , pp. 215-224
    • Papakyriakou, T.1    Miller, L.2
  • 107
    • 37249069546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing solar heating of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas, 1979-2005: Attribution and role in the ice-albedo feedback
    • Perovich, D.K., B. Light, H. Eicken, K.F. Jones, K. Runciman, and S.V. Nghiem. 2007. Increasing solar heating of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas, 1979-2005: Attribution and role in the ice-albedo feedback. Geophysical Research Letters 34, L19505, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031480.
    • (2007) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.34
    • Perovich, D.K.1    Light, B.2    Eicken, H.3    Jones, K.F.4    Runciman, K.5    Nghiem, S.V.6
  • 110
    • 41749117920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the carbonate system parameters in the coast-shelf zone of the East Siberian Sea during the autumn season
    • Pipko, I.I., I.P. Semiletov, P.Y. Tishchenko, S.P. Pugach, and N.I. Savel'eva. 2008. Variability of the carbonate system parameters in the coast-shelf zone of the East Siberian Sea during the autumn season. Oceanology 48:54-67, http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0001437008010074.
    • (2008) Oceanology , vol.48 , pp. 54-67
    • Pipko, I.I.1    Semiletov, I.P.2    Tishchenko, P.Y.3    Pugach, S.P.4    Savel'eva, N.I.5
  • 111
    • 0030620605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary production in the Arctic Ocean estimated from dissolved oxygen
    • Pomeroy, L.R. 1997. Primary production in the Arctic Ocean estimated from dissolved oxygen. Journal of Marine Systems 10:1-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-7963(96)00059-0.
    • (1997) Journal of Marine Systems , vol.10 , pp. 1-8
    • Pomeroy, L.R.1
  • 116
    • 34249785408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inorganic carbon transport during sea ice growth and decay: A carbon pump in polar seas
    • Rysgaard, S., R.N. Glud, M.K. Sejr, J. Bendtsen, and P.B. Christensen. 2007. Inorganic carbon transport during sea ice growth and decay: A carbon pump in polar seas. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, C03016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003572.
    • (2007) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.112
    • Rysgaard, S.1    Glud, R.N.2    Sejr, M.K.3    Bendtsen, J.4    Christensen, P.B.5
  • 117
    • 79952701339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production and retention of biogenic matter in the southeast Beaufort Sea during 2003-2004: Insights from annual vertical particle fluxes of organic carbon and biogenic silica
    • Sampei, M., H. Sasaki, R. Makube, A. Forest, H. Hattori, J.E. Tremblay, Y. Gratton, M. Fukuchi, and L. Fortier. 2011. Production and retention of biogenic matter in the southeast Beaufort Sea during 2003-2004: Insights from annual vertical particle fluxes of organic carbon and biogenic silica. Polar Biology 34:501-511, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0904-y.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 501-511
    • Sampei, M.1    Sasaki, H.2    Makube, R.3    Forest, A.4    Hattori, H.5    Tremblay, J.E.6    Gratton, Y.7    Fukuchi, M.8    Fortier, L.9
  • 118
    • 0141518151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • accessed June 17, 2011
    • Schlitzer, R. 2005. "Ocean Data View." Available online at: http://odv.awi.de (accessed June 17, 2011).
    • (2005) Ocean Data View
    • Schlitzer, R.1
  • 119
    • 0033037903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 and CH4 in the Polar regions
    • Semiletov, I.P. 1999. Aquatic sources of CO2 and CH4 in the Polar regions. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 56:286-306, http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)0560286:ASASOC2.0.CO;2.
    • (1999) Journal of Atmospheric Sciences , vol.56 , pp. 286-306
    • Semiletov, I.P.1
  • 121
    • 34247869844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbonate chemistry dynamics and carbon dioxide fluxes across the atmosphere-ice-water interface in the Arctic Ocean
    • Semiletov, I.P., I.I. Pipko, I. Repina, and N.E. Shakhova. 2007. Carbonate chemistry dynamics and carbon dioxide fluxes across the atmosphere-ice-water interface in the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Marine Systems 66:204-226, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.05.012.
    • (2007) Journal of Marine Systems , vol.66 , pp. 204-226
    • Semiletov, I.P.1    Pipko, I.I.2    Repina, I.3    Shakhova, N.E.4
  • 122
    • 33646463941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic amplification debate
    • Serreze, M.C., and J.A. Francis. 2006. The Arctic amplification debate. Climate Change 76:241-264, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-9017-y.
    • (2006) Climate Change , vol.76 , pp. 241-264
    • Serreze, M.C.1    Francis, J.A.2
  • 123
    • 2942653743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Organic Carbon Cycle in the Arctic Ocean
    • Stein, R., and R.W. Macdonald. 2004. The Organic Carbon Cycle in the Arctic Ocean. Springer-Verlag, 349 pp, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18912-8.
    • (2004) Springer-Verlag , pp. 349
    • Stein, R.1    Macdonald, R.W.2
  • 124
    • 68149133066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imminent ocean acidification of the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon-cycle climate model
    • Steinacher, M., F. Joos, T.L. Frolicher, G.-K. Plattner, and S.C. Doney. 2009. Imminent ocean acidification of the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon-cycle climate model. Biogeosciences 6:515-533, http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-515-2009.
    • (2009) Biogeosciences , vol.6 , pp. 515-533
    • Steinacher, M.1    Joos, F.2    Frolicher, T.L.3    Plattner, G.-K.4    Doney, S.C.5
  • 128
    • 0023486988 scopus 로고
    • Ventilation of the Arctic Ocean cold halocline: Rates of diapycnal and isopycnal transport, oxygen utilization and primary production inferred using chlorofluoromethane distributions
    • Wallace, D.W.R., R.M. Moore, and E.P. Jones. 1987. Ventilation of the Arctic Ocean cold halocline: Rates of diapycnal and isopycnal transport, oxygen utilization and primary production inferred using chlorofluoromethane distributions. Deep-Sea Research Part A 34:1957-1979, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90093-8.
    • (1987) Deep-Sea Research Part A , vol.34 , pp. 1957-1979
    • Wallace, D.W.R.1    Moore, R.M.2    Jones, E.P.3
  • 129
    • 67449126557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sea-ice free summer Arctic within 30 years?
    • Wang, M.Y., and J.E. Overland. 2009. A sea-ice free summer Arctic within 30 years? Geophysical Research Letters 36, L07502, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037820.
    • (2009) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.36
    • Wang, M.Y.1    Overland, J.E.2
  • 130
    • 0043132425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation on distribution and fluxes of sea-air CO2 of the expedition areas in the Arctic Ocean
    • Wang, W.Q., X.T. Yang, H.B. Huang, and L.Q. Chen. 2003. Investigation on distribution and fluxes of sea-air CO2 of the expedition areas in the Arctic Ocean. Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences 46:569-580, http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/03yd9050.
    • (2003) Science In China Series D-Earth Sciences , vol.46 , pp. 569-580
    • Wang, W.Q.1    Yang, X.T.2    Huang, H.B.3    Chen, L.Q.4
  • 131
    • 0026446585 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean
    • Wanninkhof, R. 1992. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 97:7373-7382, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92JC00188.
    • (1992) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.97 , pp. 7373-7382
    • Wanninkhof, R.1
  • 133
    • 0032521975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulation, dense water formation, and outflow on the northeast Chukchi shelf
    • Weingartner, T.J., D.J. Cavalieri, K. Aagaard, and Y. Sasaki. 1998. Circulation, dense water formation, and outflow on the northeast Chukchi shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research 103:7647-7661, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98JC00374.
    • (1998) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.103 , pp. 7647-7661
    • Weingartner, T.J.1    Cavalieri, D.J.2    Aagaard, K.3    Sasaki, Y.4
  • 134
    • 0033573441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Siberian Coastal Current: A wind- and buoyancy-forced Arctic coastal current
    • Weingartner, T.J., S. Danielson, Y. Sasaki, V. Pavlov, and M. Kulakov. 1999. The Siberian Coastal Current: A wind- and buoyancy-forced Arctic coastal current. Journal of Geophysical Research 104(C12):29697-29713, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900161.
    • (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.104 , Issue.C12 , pp. 29697-29713
    • Weingartner, T.J.1    Danielson, S.2    Sasaki, Y.3    Pavlov, V.4    Kulakov, M.5
  • 136
    • 19744366004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monthly temperature, salinity and transport variability of the Bering Strait through flow
    • Woodgate, R.A., K. Aagaard, and T.J. Weingartner. 2005. Monthly temperature, salinity and transport variability of the Bering Strait through flow. Geophysical Research Letters 32, L04601, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021880.
    • (2005) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.32
    • Woodgate, R.A.1    Aagaard, K.2    Weingartner, T.J.3
  • 137
    • 16344389402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human influence on increasing Arctic river discharges
    • Wu, P.L., R. Wood, and P. Stott. 2005. Human influence on increasing Arctic river discharges. Geophysical Research Letters 32(2), L02703, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021570.
    • (2005) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.32 , Issue.2
    • Wu, P.L.1    Wood, R.2    Stott, P.3
  • 138
    • 70450190837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aragonite undersaturation in the Arctic Ocean: Effects of ocean acidification and sea ice melt
    • Yamamoto-Kawai, M., F.A. McLaughlin, E.C. Carmack, S. Nishino, and K. Shimada. 2009. Aragonite undersaturation in the Arctic Ocean: Effects of ocean acidification and sea ice melt. Science 326:1098-1100, http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1174190.
    • (2009) Science , vol.326 , pp. 1098-1100
    • Yamamoto-Kawai, M.1    McLaughlin, F.A.2    Carmack, E.C.3    Nishino, S.4    Shimada, K.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.