Aerosolized antibiotics in the intensive care unit

Clinics in Chest Medicine

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 559-574

  Palmer, Lucy B ^a  

^a STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerosolized antibiotics; Bacterial resistance; Ventilator associated pneumonia; Ventilator associated tracheobronchitis

Indexed keywords

AMIKACIN; AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZTREONAM; AZTREONAM LYSINE; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTAZIDIME; CEFUROXIME; CILASTATIN PLUS IMIPENEM; COLISTIMETHATE; COLISTIN; DAPTOMYCIN; GENTAMICIN; IMIPENEM; LINEZOLID; PLACEBO; POLYMYXIN B; SISOMICIN; TOBRAMYCIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII; AEROSOL; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; BRONCHOPNEUMONIA; BRONCHOSPASM; COUGHING; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG BRONCHUS LEVEL; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG SPUTUM LEVEL; DRUG TISSUE LEVEL; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GRAM POSITIVE INFECTION; HOARSENESS; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; KIDNEY DISEASE; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; NEBULIZER; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; OFF LABEL DRUG USE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; REVIEW; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; TINNITUS; TRACHEOBRONCHITIS; TREATMENT INDICATION; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED TRACHEOBRONCHITIS; VESTIBULAR DISORDER;

ADMINISTRATION, INHALATION; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BRONCHITIS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE, BACTERIAL; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED; TRACHEITIS;

EID: 80051905701     PISSN: 02725231     EISSN: 15578216     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2011.05.012     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 171(4):388-416. American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaInfectious Diseases Society of America.
2. Chastre J., Fagon J.Y. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002, 165(7):867-903.
3. Richards M.J., Edwards J.R., Culver D.H., et al. Nosocomial infections in medical intensive care units in the United States. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Crit Care Med 1999, 27(5):887-892.
4. Masterton R.G., Galloway A., French G., et al. Guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the UK: report of the working party on hospital-acquired pneumonia of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008, 62(1):5-34.
5. Kollef M.H., Morrow L.E., Niederman M.S., et al. Clinical characteristics and treatment patterns among patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2006, 129(5):1210-1218.
6. Chastre J., Luyt C.E. Optimising the duration of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Eur Respir Rev 2007, 16(103):40-44.
7. Chastre J., Wolff M., Fagon J.Y., et al. Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized trial. JAMA 2003, 290(19):2588-2598.
8. Safdar N., Dezfulian C., Collard H.R., et al. Clinical and economic consequences of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 2005, 33(10):2184-2193.
9. Lambert M.L., Suetens C., Savey A., et al. Clinical outcomes of health-care-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in patients admitted to European intensive-care units: a cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2011, 11(1):30-38.
10. Neuhauser M.M., Weinstein R.A., Rydman R., et al. Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacilli in US intensive care units: implications for fluoroquinolone use. JAMA 2003, 289(7):885-888.
11. Landman D., Quale J.M., Mayorga D., et al. Citywide clonal outbreak of multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Brooklyn, NY: the preantibiotic era has returned. Arch Intern Med 2002, 162(13):1515-1520.
12. Arias C.A., Murray B.E. Antibiotic-resistant bugs in the 21st century-a clinical super-challenge. N Engl J Med 2009, 360(5):439-443.
13. Wenzel R.P. The antibiotic pipeline-challenges, costs, and values. N Engl J Med 2004, 351(6):523-526.
14. Peterson L.R. Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESCAPE revisited. Clin Infect Dis 2009, 49(6):992-993.
15. Spellberg B., Guidos R., Gilbert D., et al. The epidemic of antibiotic-resistant infections: a call to action for the medical community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2008, 46(2):155-164.
16. Hamer D.H. Treatment of nosocomial pneumonia and tracheobronchitis caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aerosolized colistin. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000, 162(1):328-330.
17. Pino G., Conterno G., Colongo P.G. Minerva Med 1963, 54:2117-2122. [in Italian].
18. Pines A., Raafat H., Plucinski K. Gentamicin and colistin in chronic purulent bronchial infections. Br Med J 1967, 2(5551):543-545.
19. Klastersky J., Geuning C., Mouawad E., et al. Endotracheal gentamicin in bronchial infections in patients with tracheostomy. Chest 1972, 61(2):117-120.
20. Klastersky J., Carpentier-Meunier F., Kahan-Coppens L., et al. Endotracheally administered antibiotics for gram-negative bronchopneumonia. Chest 1979, 75(5):586-591.
21. Smith C.R., Baughman K.L., Edwards C.Q., et al. Controlled comparison of amikacin and gentamicin. N Engl J Med 1977, 296(7):349-353.
22. Niederman M.S., Sanchez M., Corkery K., et al. Amikacin aerosol achieves high tracheal aspirate concentrations in intubated mechanically ventilated patients with Gram-negative pneumonia: a pharmacokinetic study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175:A326.
23. Klick J.M., du Moulin G.C., Hedley-Whyte J., et al. Prevention of gram-negative bacillary pneumonia using polymyxin aerosol as prophylaxis. II. Effect on the incidence of pneumonia in seriously ill patients. J Clin Invest 1975, 55(3):514-519.
24. Feeley T.W., Du Moulin G.C., Hedley-Whyte J., et al. Aerosol polymyxin and pneumonia in seriously ill patients. N Engl J Med 1975, 293(10):471-475.
25. Ramsey B.W., Dorkin H.L., Eisenberg J.D., et al. Efficacy of aerosolized tobramycin in patients with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1993, 328(24):1740-1746.
26. Ramsey B.W., Pepe M.S., Quan J.M., et al. Intermittent administration of inhaled tobramycin in patients with cystic fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis Inhaled Tobramycin Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999, 340(1):23-30.
27. Singh P.K., Schaefer A.L., Parsek M.R., et al. Quorum-sensing signals indicate that cystic fibrosis lungs are infected with bacterial biofilms. Nature 2000, 407(6805):762-764.
28. Inglis T.J., Lim T.M., Ng M.L., et al. Structural features of tracheal tube biofilm formed during prolonged mechanical ventilation. Chest 1995, 108(4):1049-1052.
29. Palmer L.B., Smaldone G.C., Simon S.R., et al. Aerosolized antibiotics in mechanically ventilated patients: delivery and response. Crit Care Med 1998, 26(1):31-39.
30. Luyt C.E., Clavel M., Guntupalli K., et al. Pharmacokinetics and lung delivery of PDDS-aerosolized amikacin (NKTR-061) in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients with nosocomial pneumonia. Crit Care 2009, 13:R200.
31. Miller D.D., Amin M.M., Palmer L.B., et al. Aerosol delivery and modern mechanical ventilation: in vitro/in vivo evaluation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168:1205.
32. Palmer L.B., Spitzer E., Monteforte M., et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) minimum inhibitory concentration for amikacin: can aerosolized amikacin treat MRSA in the airway?. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011, 183:A3933.
33. Marr A.K., Overhage J., Bains M., et al. The Lon protease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is induced by aminoglycosides and is involved in biofilm formation and motility. Microbiology 2007, 153:474.
34. Niederman M.S., Chastre J., Corkery K., et al. Inhaled amikacin reduces IV antibiotic use in intubated mechanically ventilated patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175:A326. [abstract].
35. Palmer L.B., Smaldone G.C., Chen J.J., et al. Aerosolized antibiotics and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:2008-2013.
36. Coates A.L. Guiding aerosol deposition in the lung. N Engl J Med 2008, 358:304.
37. O'Riordan T.G., Palmer L.B., Smaldone G.C. Aerosol deposition in mechanically ventilated patients. Optimizing nebulizer delivery. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994, 149:214.
38. Smaldone G.C. Aerosolized antibiotics in mechanically ventilated patients. Respir Care 2004, 49:635.
39. Dhand R. Aerosol delivery during mechanical ventilation: from basic techniques to new devices. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2008, 21:45.
40. Dhand R., Guntur V.P. How best to deliver aerosol medications to mechanically ventilated patients. Clin Chest Med 2008, 29:277.
41. Dhand R., Mercier E. Effective inhaled drug administration to mechanically ventilated patients. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2007, 4:47.
42. Dhand R., Sohal H. Pulmonary drug delivery system for inhalation therapy in mechanically ventilated patients. Expert Rev Med Devices 2008, 5:9.
43. Hess D.R. Nebulizers: principles and performance. Respir Care 2000, 45:609.
44. Hess D., Fisher D., Williams P., et al. Medication nebulizer performance. Effects of diluent volume, nebulizer flow, and nebulizer brand. Chest 1996, 110:498.
45. Badia J.R., Soy D., Adrover M., et al. Disposition of instilled versus nebulized tobramycin and imipenem in ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004, 54:508.
46. Smaldone G.C., Palmer L.B. Aerosolized antibiotics: current and future. Respir Care 2000, 45:667.
47. Zarrilli G.M., Monteforte M., Baram D., et al. Systemic versus aerosolized delivery of vancomycin for MRSA: concentrations in lungs and serum. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008, 177:A286. [abstract].
48. Falagas M.E., Siempos, Bliziotis I.A., et al. Administration of antibiotics via the respiratory tract for the prevention of ICU-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis of comparative trials. Crit Care 2006, 10:R123.
49. Greenfield S., Teres D., Bushnell L.S., et al. Prevention of gram-negative bacillary pneumonia using aerosol polymyxin as prophylaxis. I. Effect on the colonization pattern of the upper respiratory tract of seriously ill patients. J Clin Invest 1973, 52:2935.
50. Klastersky J., Huysmans E., Weerts D., et al. Endotracheally administered gentamicin for the prevention of infections of the respiratory tract in patients with tracheostomy: a double-blind study. Chest 1974, 65:650.
51. Lode H., Hoffken G., Kemmerich B., et al. Systemic and endotracheal antibiotic prophylaxis of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU. Intensive Care Med 1992, 18(Suppl 1):S24.
52. Rathgeber J., Zielmann S., Panzer C., et al. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993, 28:23. [in German].
53. Rouby J.J., Poete P., Martin de Lassale E., et al. Prevention of gram negative nosocomial bronchopneumonia by intratracheal colistin in critically ill patients. Histologic and bacteriologic study. Intensive Care Med 1994, 20:187.
54. Vogel F., Werner H., Exner M., et al. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1981, 106:898. [in German].
55. Wood G.C., Boucher B.A., Croce M.A., et al. Aerosolized ceftazidime for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia and drug effects on the proinflammatory response in critically ill trauma patients. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22:972.
56. Ioannidou E., Siempos I.I., Falagas M.E. Administration of antimicrobials via the respiratory tract for the treatment of patients with nosocomial pneumonia: a meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007, 60:1216.
57. Hallal A., Cohn S.M., Namias N., et al. Aerosolized tobramycin in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pilot study. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2007, 8:73.
58. Le Conte P., Potel G., Clementi E., et al. Presse Med 2000, 29:76. [in French].
59. Brown R.B., Kruse J.A., Counts G.W., et al. Double-blind study of endotracheal tobramycin in the treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. The Endotracheal Tobramycin Study Group. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990, 34:269.
60. Falagas M.E., Kasiakou S.K., Tsiodras S., et al. The use of intravenous and aerosolized polymyxins for the treatment of infections in critically ill patients: a review of the recent literature. Clin Med Res 2006, 4:138.
61. Tallgren L.G., Liewendahl K., Kuhlbaeck B. The therapeutic success and nephrotoxicity of colistin in acute and chronic nephropathies with impaired renal function. Acta Med Scand 1965, 177:717.
62. Duncan D.A. Colistin toxicity. Neuromuscular and renal manifestations. Two cases treated by hemodialysis. Minn Med 1973, 56:31.
63. Elwood C.M., Lucas G.D., Muehrcke R.C. Acute renal failure associated with sodium colistimethate treatment. Arch Intern Med 1966, 118:326.
64. Berlana D., Llop J.M., Fort E., et al. Use of colistin in the treatment of multiple-drug-resistant gram-negative infections. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2005, 62:39.
65. Kwa A.L., Loh C., Low J.G., et al. Nebulized colistin in the treatment of pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clin Infect Dis 2005, 41:754.
66. Michalopoulos A., Kasiakou S.K., Mastora Z., et al. Aerosolized colistan for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in patients without cystic fibrosis. Crit Care 2005, 9:R53-R59. 10.1186/cc3020.
67. Falagas M.E., Kasiakou S.K. Colistin: the revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Clin Infect Dis 2005, 40:1333.
68. Michalopoulos A., Fotakis D., Virtzili S., et al. Aerosolized colistin as adjunctive treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: a prospective study. Respir Med 2008, 102:407.
69. Karageorgopoulos D.E., Falagas M.E. Current control and treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections. Lancet Infect Dis 2008, 8:751.
70. Rios F.G., Luna C.M., Maskin B., et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia due to colistin susceptible-only microorganisms. Eur Respir J 2007, 30:307.
71. Li J., Nation R.L., Milne R.W., et al. Evaluation of colistin as an agent against multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005, 25:11.
72. Kofteridis D.P., Alexopoulou C., Valachis A., et al. Aerosolized plus intravenous colistin versus intravenous colistin alone for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a matched case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2010, 51:1238.
73. Korbila I.P., Michalopoulos A., Rafailidis P.I., et al. Inhaled colistin as adjunctive therapy to intravenous colistin for the treatment of microbiologically documented ventilator-associated pneumonia: a comparative cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2010, 16:1230.
74. Munoz-Price L.S., Weinstein R.A. Acinetobacter infection. N Engl J Med 2008, 358:1271.
75. Moffatt J.H., Harper M., Harrison P., et al. Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is mediated by complete loss of lipopolysaccharide production. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010, 54:4971.
76. Palmer L.B., Baram D., Gunther M.S., et al. Aerosolized vancomycin for treatment of Gram-positive respiratory infection in mechanically ventilated patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 167(7):A604.
77. Rattanaumpawan P.L.J., Ungprasert P., Angkasekwinai N., et al. Randomized controlled trial of nebulized colistimethate sodium as adjunctive therapy of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010, 65(12):2645-2649.
78. Nseir S., Di Pompeo C., Pronnier P., et al. Nosocomial tracheobronchitis in mechanically ventilated patients: incidence, aetiology and outcome. Eur Respir J 2002, 20(6):1483-1489.
79. Nseir S., Di Pompeo C., Soubrier S., et al. Outcomes of ventilated COPD patients with nosocomial tracheobronchitis: a case-control study. Infection 2004, 32(4):210-216.
80. Nseir S., Di Pompeo C., Soubrier S., et al. Effect of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis on outcome in patients without chronic respiratory failure: a case-control study. Crit Care 2005, 9(3):R238-R245.
81. Garner J.S., Jarvis W.R., Emori T.G., et al. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. Am J Infect Control 1988, 16(3):128-140.
82. Nseir S., Favory R., Jozefowicz E., et al. Antimicrobial treatment for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: a randomized, controlled multicenter study. Crit Care 2008, 12:R62. doi:1186/cc6890.
83. Craven D.E., Chroneou A., Zias N., et al. Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: the impact of targeted antibiotic therapy on patient outcomes. Chest 2009, 135(2):521-528.
84. Nseir S., Ader F., Marquette C.H. Nosocomial tracheobronchitis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009, 22(2):148-153.
85. Kampf G., Wischnewski N., Schulgen G., et al. Prevalence and risk factors for nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections in German hospitals. J Clin Epidemiol 1998, 51(6):495-502.
86. Rello J., Ausina V., Castella J., et al. Nosocomial respiratory tract infections in multiple trauma patients. Influence of level of consciousness with implications for therapy. Chest 1992, 102(2):525-529.
87. Hortal J., Munoz P., Cuerpo G., et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients undergoing major heart surgery: an incidence study in Europe. Crit Care 2009, 13(3):R80.