Patterns of divergence in the olive sunbird Cyanomitra olivacea (Aves: Nectariniidae) across the African rainforest-savanna ecotone

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

Volumn 103, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 821-835

  Smith, Thomas B ^a   Thomassen, Henri A ^a,b   Freedman, Adam H ^a   Sehgal, Ravinder N M ^a,c   Buermann, Wolfgang ^a   Saatchi, Sassan ^a,d   Pollinger, John ^a   Milá, Borja ^a,e   Pires, Debra ^a   Valkiunas, Gediminas ^a,f   Wayne, Robert K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^c SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^e MUSEO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS NATURALES   (Spain)

^f Nature Research Centre   (Lithuania)

Author keywords

Allopatry; Diversification; Ecological speciation; Ecotone; Parapatry; Remote sensing

Indexed keywords

ALLOPATRY; BIOCLIMATOLOGY; DIVERGENCE; ECOTONE; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT; GENE FLOW; MORPHOLOGY; NATURAL SELECTION; PARAPATRY; PASSERINE; PHENOTYPE; RAINFOREST; REFUGIUM; REMOTE SENSING; SATELLITE DATA; SAVANNA; SPECIATION (BIOLOGY);

AVES; NECTARINIIDAE; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 79960406235     PISSN: 00244066     EISSN: 10958312     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01674.x     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Boag PT, van Noordwijk A. 1987. Quantitative genetics. In: Cooke F, Buckley PA, eds. Avian genetics: a population and ecological approach. New York, NY: Academic Press, 45-78.
2. Bowie RCK, Fejeldsa J, Hackatt SJ, Crowe TM. 2004. Molecualr evolution in space and through time: mtDNA phylogeography of the olive sunbird (Nectarinia olivacea/obscuraolivacea) throughout continental Africa. Molecualr Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 56-74.
3. Cabanne GS, D'Horta FM, Meyer D, Silva JMC, Miyaki CY. 2011. Evolution of Dendrocolaptes platyrostris (Aves: Furnariidae) between the South American open vegetation corridor and the Atlantic forest. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 102: 801-820.
4. Chapin JP. 1932. The birds of the Belgian Congo. Part 1. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 65: 1-756.
5. Chapin JP. 1954. The birds of the Belgian Congo. Part 4. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 75B: 1-846.
6. Cheke RA, Mann CF, Allen R. 2001. Sunbirds: a guide to the sunbirds, flowerpeckers, spiderhunters, and sugarbirds of the world. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
7. Ellegren H. 1996. First gene on the avian W chromosome (CHD) provides a tag for universal sexing of non-ratite birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences 263: 1635-1641.
8. Endler JA. 1982a. Pleistocene forest refuges: fact or fancy. In: Prance GT, ed. Biological diversification in the tropics. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
9. Endler JA. 1982b. Problems in distinguishing historical from ecological factors in biogeography. American Zoologist 22: 441-452.
10. Ferrier S, Manion G, Elith J, Richardson K. 2007. Using generalized dissimilarity modelling to analyse and predict patterns of beta diversity in regional biodiversity assessment. Diversity and Distributions 13: 252-264.
11. Fitzpatrick BM, Placyk JS, Niemiller ML, Casper GS, Burghardt GM. 2008. Distinctiveness in the face of gene flow: hybridization between specialist and generalist gartersnakes. Molecular Ecology 17: 4107-4117.
12. Fjeldså J. 1994. Geographical patterns for relict and young birds in Africa and South America and implications for conservation priorities. Biodiversity and Conservation 3: 107-226.
13. Flury B. 1984. Common principal componets in K groups. Journal of the American Statistical Association 79: 892-898.
14. Freedman AH, Thomassen HA, Buermann W, Smith TB. 2010. Genomic signals of diversification along ecological gradients in a tropical lizard. Molecular Ecology 19: 3773-3788.
15. Fry CH, Keith S, Urban EK, eds. 1988. The birds of Africa. New York, NY: Academic Press.
16. Funk DJ, Omland KE. 2003. Species-level paraphyly and polyphyly: frequency, causes, and consequences, with insights from animal mitochondrial DNA. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 34: 397-423.
17. Gavrilets S. 2000. Waiting time to parapatric speciation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences 267: 2483-2492.
18. Gavrilets S, Li H, Vose MD. 2000. Patterns of parapatric speciation. Evolution 54: 1126-1134.
19. Goudet J. 1995. Fstat version 1.2: a computer program to calculate Fstatistics. Journal of Heredity 86: 485-486.
20. Guo SW, Thompson EA. 1992. A Monte Carlo method for combined segregation and linkage analysis. American Journal of Human Genetics 51: 1111-1126.
21. Haffer J. 1969. Speciation in Amazonian forest birds. Science 165: 131-137.
22. Hansen MC, DeFries RS, Townshend JRG, Sohlberg RA, Dimiceli C, Carroll M. 2002. Towards an operational MODIS continuous field of percent tree cover algorithm: examples using AVHRR and MODIS data. Remote Sensing of Environment 83: 303-319.
23. Hardy O, Charbonnel N, Fréville H, Heuertz M. 2003. Microsatellite allele sizes: a simple test to assess their significance on genetic differentiation. Genetics 163: 1467-1482.
24. Hedrick PW. 1999. Perspective: highly variable loci and their interpretation in evolution and conservation. Evolution 53: 313-318.
25. Hendry AP, Taylor EB. 2004. How much of the variation in adaptive divergnce can be expalined by gene flow? An evaluation using lake-stream srickleback pairs. Evolution 58: 2319-2331.
26. Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL, Jones PG, Jarvis A. 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978.
27. Jordan MA, Snell HL, Snell HM, Jordan WC. 2005. Phenotypic divergence despite high levels of gene flow in Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis). Molecular Ecology 14: 859-867.
28. Justice CO, Vermote E, Townshend JRG, DeFries R, Roy DP, Hall DK, Salomonson VV, Privette JL, Riggs G, Strahler A, Lucht W, Myneni RB, Knyazikhin Y, Running SW, Nemani RR, Wan Z, Huete AR, van Leeuwen W, Wolfe RE, Giglio L, Muller JP, Lewis P, Barnsley MJ. 1998. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS): land remote sensing for global change research. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 36: 1228-1249.
29. Kimura M, Crow JF. 1964. The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite poplation. Genetics 49: 725-738.
30. Kirschel ANG, Slabbekoorn H, Blumstein DT, Cohen RE, De Kort SR, Buermann W, Smith TB. In press. Testing alternative hypotheses for evolutionary diversification in an African songbird: Rainforest refugia versus ecological gradients. Evolution.
31. Lens L, Van Dongen S, Norris K, Githiru M, Matthysen E. 2002. Avian persistence in fragmented rainforest. Science 298: 1236-1238.
32. Letouzey R. 1968. Etude phytogeographique du Cameroun. Paris: Lechevalier.
33. Longman KA, Jenik J. 1992. Forest-savanna boundaries: general considerations. In: Furley PA, Proctor J, Ratter JA, eds. Nature and dynamics of forest-savanna boundaries. New York, NY: Chapman and Hall, 3-20.
34. Mackworth-Praed CW, Grant CHB. 1973. Birds of west and west-central Africa. London: Longman.
35. Maley J. 1996. The African rainforest-main characteristics of changes in vegetation and climate from the Upper Cretaceous to the Quaternary. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 104B: 31-73.
36. Mayr E, O'Hara RJ. 1986. The biogeographical evidence supporting the Pleistocene forest refuge hypothesis. Evolution 40: 55-67.
37. Michel AP, Sim S, Powell THQ, Taylor MS, Nosil P, Feder JL. 2010. Widespread genomic divergence during sympatiric speciation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107: 9724-9729.
38. Milá B, Wayne RK, Fitze P, Smith TB. 2009. Divergence with gene flow and fine-scale phylogeographical structure in the wedge-billed woodcreeper, Glyphorynchus spirurus, a Neotropical rainforest bird. Molecular Ecology 18: 2979-2995.
39. Moritz C, Patton JL, Schneider CJ, Smith TB. 2000. Diversification of rainforest faunas: an integrated molecular approach. Annual Reviews of Ecology and Systematics 31: 533-563.
40. Nicolas V, Missoup AD, Denys C, Peterhans JK, Katuala P, Couloux A, Colyn M. 2011. The roles of rivers and Pleistocene refugia in shaping genetic diversity in Praomys misonnei in tropical Africa. Journal of Biogeography 38: 191-207.
41. Niemiller M, Fitzpatrick B, Miller B. 2008. Recent divergence with gene flow in Tennessee cave salamanders (Plethodontidae: Gyrinophilus) inferred from gene genealogies. Molecular Ecology 17: 2258-2275.
42. Nosil P. 2008. Speciation with gene flow could be common. Molecular Ecology 17: 2103-2106.
43. Nosil P, Harmon LJ, Seehausen O. 2009. Ecological explanations for (incomplete) Speciation. Trends in Ecology and Evoluton 24: 145-156.
44. Ogden R, Thorpe RS. 2002. Molecular evidence for ecological speciation in tropical habitats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99: 13612-13615.
45. Paetkau D, Waits LP, Clarkson PL, Craighead L, Strobeck C. 1997. An empirical evaluation of genetic distance statistics using microsatellite data from bear (Ursidae) populations. Genetics 147: 1943-1957.
46. Peakall R, Smouse PE. 2006. GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes 6: 288-295.
47. Peakall R, Ruibal M, Lindenmayer DB. 2003. Spatial autocorrelation analysis offers new insights into gene flow in the Australian bush rat, Rattus fuscipes. Evolution 57: 1182-1195.
48. Prance GT, ed. 1982. Biological diversification in the tropics. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
49. Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155: 945-959.
50. Ray N. 2005. PATHMATRIX: a geographical information system tool to compute effective distances among samples. Molecular Ecology Notes 5: 177-180.
51. Raymond M, Rousset F. 1995. GENEPOP (Version 3.1d): population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. Journal of Heredity 86: 248-249.
52. Rice RR, Hostert EE. 1993. Laboratory experiments on speciation: what have we learned in 40 years? Evolution 47: 1637-1653.
53. Rice WR. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43: 223-225.
54. Schluter D. 1988. The evolution of finch communities on islands and continents: Kenya vs. Galapagos. Ecological Monographs 58: 229-249.
55. Schluter D. 2000. The ecology of adaptive radiation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
56. Schneider C, Smith TB, Larison B, Moritz C. 1999. A test of alternative models of diversification in tropical rainforests: ecological gradients vs. rainforest refugia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94: 13869-13873.
57. Sehgal RNM, Buermann W, Harrigan RJ, Bonneaud C, Loiseau C, Chasar A, Sepil I, Valkiunas G, Iezhova T, Saatchi S, Smith TB. 2011. Spatially explicit predictions of blood parasites in a widely distributed African rainforest bird. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences 278: 1025-1033.
58. Senar JC, Borras A, Cabrera J, Cabrera T, Bjorklund M. 2006. Local differentiation in the presence of gene flow in the citril finch Serrinus citrinella. Biology Letters 2: 85-87.
59. Slabbekoorn H, Smith TB. 2002. Habitat-dependent song divergence in the little greenbul: an analysis of environmental selection pressures on acoustic signals. Evolution 56: 1849-1858.
60. Smith TB, Wayne RK, Girman DJ, Bruford MW. 1997. A role for ecotones in generating rainforest biodiversity. Science 276: 1855-1857.
61. Smith TB, Kark S, Schneider CJ, Wayne RK, Moritz C. 2001a. Bodiversity hotspots and beyond: the need for preserving environmental transitions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16: 431.
62. Smith TB, Schneider CJ, Holder K. 2001b. Refugial isolation versus ecological gradients: testing alternative mechanisms of evolutionary divergence in four rainforest vertebrates. Genetica (Dordrecht) 112-113: 383-398.
63. Smith TB, Calsbeek R, Wayne RK, Holder KH, Pires D, Bardeleben C. 2005a. Testing alternative mechanisms of evolutionary divergence in an African rain forest passerine bird. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 18: 257-268.
64. Smith TB, Saatchi S, Graham CH, Slabbekoorn H, Spicer G. 2005b. Putting process on the map: why ecotones are important for preserving biodiversity. In: Purvis A, Gittleman J, Brooks T, eds. Phylogeny and conservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 166-197.
65. Smith TB, Wayne RK, Girman D, Bruford MW. 2005c. Evaluating the divergence-with-gene-flow model in natural populations: the importance of ecotones in rainforest speciation. In: Bermingham E, Dick CW, Moritz C, eds. Tropical rainforests: past, present, and future. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 148-165.
66. Sokal R, Rohlf FJ. 1981. Biometry. New York, NY: WH Freedman and Sons.
67. Stebbins GL. 1974. Flowering plants, evolution above the species level. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
68. Temeles EJ, Roberts WM. 1993. Effect of sexual dimorphism in bill length on foraging behavior: an experimental analysis of hummingbirds. Oecologia 94: 87-92.
69. Thibert-Plante X, Hendry AP. 2010. When can ecological speciation be detected with neutral loci? Molecular Ecology 19: 2301-2314.
70. Weir BS, Cockerham CC. 1984. Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution 38: 1358-1370.