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Volumn 298, Issue 5596, 2002, Pages 1236-1238

Avian persistence in fragmented rainforest

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; DATA ACQUISITION; LANDFORMS; MUSEUMS; RAIN;

EID: 0037044772     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1075664     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (161)

References (26)
  • 2
    • 0035929230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. L. Hale et al., Science 293, 2246 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 2246
    • Hale, M.L.1
  • 5
    • 2142820999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A selection of maps of the study area, illustrating its global position, its elevational structure, and spatial relationships of the forest fragments, can be found at http://bio-www.uia.ac.be/bio/deco/topics.html#study areas.
  • 7
    • 2142715540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • tot = 9) with confirmed breeding activity during one or more breeding seasons between 1996 and 2001.
  • 9
    • 2142768352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Individual recapture histories were generated using time intervals of 1 month. Such a short time interval was needed because over longer intervals (3, 6, or 12 months), a number of individuals were recaptured in multiple forest fragments within a single interval A total of 889 individuals were captured-recaptured in two or more months, and among these, 47 individuals were captured-recaptured in two or more fragments.
  • 10
    • 2142709705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We used Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC) to determine the most parsimonious model among a candidate set and computed species-specific dispersal probabilities for further analysis from this model. Recapture data were too sparse to include fully time-dependent models of survival and recapture probabilities in the candidate set of models, and sample size did not allow us to calculate complex multistrata models for Apalis thoracica. For this species, no single individual was captured in more than one fragment, hence Ψ was estimated as 0. There is no formal goodness-of-fit test for multistrata models, yet our results were robust for a range of 1 to 1.5 in the overdispersion parameter ĉ.
  • 11
    • 2142825244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • More complex dispersal models could not be fitted to all species in MARK because models were overparameterized. For the more mobile species with adequate numbers of recaptures after dispersal between fragments, a model assuming direction-dependent dispersal rates between fragment pairs fitted the recapture data significantly better than the direction-independent model described in Table 1 for two species, but equally as well as the direction-independent model for two other species (nested models were compared using likelihood ratio tests).
  • 16
    • 2142811119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The validity of this relationship depends on the assumption that tarsi develop in the patch where they are measured. Violation of this assumption, however, can only bias results against the hypothesis tested in this paper.
  • 17
    • 2142771313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • No museum samples were available for A. thoracica (rare species) and Nectarinia olivacea (abundant species yet not collected in the Taita Hills).
  • 18
    • 2142718390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 1 = 4.1, P < 0.05) in a three-way mixed analysis of variance with unsigned FA as the dependent variable; fragment as a fixed factor; and species, time, and all relevant two- and three-way interaction terms as random factors [model specifications in (15)].
  • 20
    • 0001178202 scopus 로고
    • The occupancy-dispersal association was based on eight species and the occupancy-asymmetry association on six species. An extra dispersion variance parameter [parameter estimate 0.22 ± 0.71, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.001 to 1.63] was added to correct for overdispersion (25).
    • Logistic regression analysis was performed in WINBUGS version 1.3 to allow for missing values and use of all available data [W. R. Gilks, A. Thomas, D. J. Spiegelhalter, The Statistician 43, 169 (1994)]. The occupancy-dispersal association was based on eight species and the occupancy-asymmetry association on six species. An extra dispersion variance parameter [parameter estimate 0.22 ± 0.71, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.001 to 1.63] was added to correct for overdispersion (25).
    • (1994) The Statistician , vol.43 , pp. 169
    • Gilks, W.R.1    Thomas, A.2    Spiegelhalter, D.J.3
  • 26
    • 2142646052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank B. Amakobe, J. Barnes, R. Barnes, T. Brooks, A. Cooke, D. Gitau, T. Imboma, C. Jackson, J. Kageche, S. Karimi, J. Lindsell, G. Mwachala, D. Samba, E. Waiyaki, C. Wilder, and the staff of the Taita-Taveta District Forest Department, the Ornithology Department of the National Museums of Kenya, and the East African Herbarium for help with fieldwork. B. Bytebier and M. De Meyer of the Taita Hills Biodiversity Project provided logistic support. L. Bennun, P. Sweet, J. Bates, D. Willard, R. Paynter, and F. Sibley allowed access to the historical specimens. A. Notenbaert and S. Vanlishout provided help with the compilation of maps of the study area. Supported by the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (L.L., S.V.D.) and Flemish Interuniversity Council project 02/6/7-338-607 (E.M.).


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.