Corporatising sport, gender and development: Postcolonial IR feminisms, transnational private governance and global corporate social engagement

Third World Quarterly

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 531-549

  Hayhurst, Lyndsay M C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FEMINISM; GENDER RELATIONS; GOVERNANCE APPROACH; LEADERSHIP; MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE; POST-COLONIALISM; SOCIAL MOVEMENT; SOCIAL THEORY; SPORT; THEORETICAL STUDY;

EID: 79958151840     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: 13602241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2011.573944     Document Type: Article

References (102)

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3. In September 2006 the United Nations released a final report on the 'achievements' of the International Year of Sport and Physical Education which was in 2005. While mostly applauding the various entities (ie governments, NGOs, MNCs, etc) for elevating the profile of the 'sport for development and peace' movement throughout the UN theme year, the report concluded that more was to be done- particularly by the private sector-in order to build on the momentum and gain legitimacy behind this new movement: The UN requested that 'Private sector sports companies and sport industry organizations are encouraged to take a lead role in Sport for Development and Peace. They are requested to address social and environmental impacts of operations and across supply chains; support and invest in sport-based development activities; bolster partnerships and inform the public about the values of sport'. United Nations, 'Sport for development and peace: the way forward', Report of the Secretary General, 2006, pp 1-21.
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27. Levermore's research identifies 16 CSR for development initiatives that use sport, three of which specifically focus explicitly on gender, although almost all these programmes touch on gender issues. Levermore, 'CSR for development through sport'. Because of a lack of information, it is difficult to identify the number of SGD initiatives that are part of MNC's CSR platforms at this point in time.
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34. For example, SGD programmes such as '3 Sisters Adventure Trekking' in Nepal focus on employing girls and women as trekkers for foreign tourists. The NGO equips local women with ecotourism skills so that they are able to find successful opportunities in that sector. Although a wonderful opportunity to make significant income (up to e100 a month), the argument is that such programmes don't address the more structural gender inequalities these women face on a day-to-day basis.
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77. At the time of writing it was not known exactly what portion or percentage of MNC's funding goes from the international NGO directly into Southern NGO'S funding, but from interviews it was revealed that the majority of this financial support goes to SGD projects (as opposed to, for example, supporting the overhead costs of the international NGO).
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