메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 61, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 533-568

Fluency Training in the ESL Classroom: An Experimental Study of Fluency Development and Proceduralization

Author keywords

Classroom research; English as a second language; Fluency training; Oral fluency; Proceduralization; Second language; Task repetition; Vocabulary

Indexed keywords


EID: 79955851383     PISSN: 00238333     EISSN: 14679922     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00620.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (174)

References (53)
  • 4
    • 84930566136 scopus 로고
    • Fluency improvement in a second language
    • Arevart, S., & Nation, P. (1991). Fluency improvement in a second language. RELC Journal, 22, 84-94.
    • (1991) RELC Journal , vol.22 , pp. 84-94
    • Arevart, S.1    Nation, P.2
  • 5
    • 0025408849 scopus 로고
    • Framing sentences
    • Bock, K., & Loebell, H. (1990). Framing sentences. Cognition, 35(1), 1-39.
    • (1990) Cognition , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-39
    • Bock, K.1    Loebell, H.2
  • 6
    • 4444257069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRAAT, a system for doing phonetics by computer
    • Boersma, P. (2001). PRAAT, a system for doing phonetics by computer. Glot International, 5(9/10), 341-345.
    • (2001) Glot International , vol.5 , Issue.9-10 , pp. 341-345
    • Boersma, P.1
  • 8
    • 85069284798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of task repetition on the structure and control of oral language
    • In M. Bygate, P. Skehan, amp; M. Swain (Eds.), Harlow, UK: Pearson Longman.
    • Bygate, M. (2001). Effects of task repetition on the structure and control of oral language. In M. Bygate, P. Skehan, & M. Swain (Eds.), Researching pedagogic tasks: Second language learning, teaching and testing (pp. 23-48). Harlow, UK: Pearson Longman.
    • (2001) Researching pedagogic tasks: Second language learning, teaching and testing , pp. 23-48
    • Bygate, M.1
  • 9
    • 85127371465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrative planning through the use of task-repetition
    • In R. Ellis (Ed.), Amsterdam: Benjamins.
    • Bygate, M., & Samuda, V. (2005). Integrative planning through the use of task-repetition. In R. Ellis (Ed.), Planning and task performance in a second language (Vol. 11, pp. 37-74). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
    • (2005) Planning and task performance in a second language , vol.11 , pp. 37-74
    • Bygate, M.1    Samuda, V.2
  • 10
    • 0031537222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do we mean by fluency
    • Chambers, F. (1997). What do we mean by fluency System, 25(4), 535-544.
    • (1997) System , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 535-544
    • Chambers, F.1
  • 11
    • 79955798020 scopus 로고
    • amp; (). Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
    • Corrigan, A., Dobson, B., Kellman, E., Spaan, M., Strowe, L., & Tyma, S. (1979). Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
    • (1979)
    • Corrigan, A.1    Dobson, B.2    Kellman, E.3    Spaan, M.4    Strowe, L.5    Tyma, S.6
  • 12
    • 33644588302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can second language grammar be learned through listening? An experimental study
    • De Jong, N. (2005). Can second language grammar be learned through listening? An experimental study. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 27(2), 205-234.
    • (2005) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 205-234
    • De Jong, N.1
  • 13
    • 85137618680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond explicit rule learning: Automatizing second language morphosyntax
    • DeKeyser, R. M. (1997). Beyond explicit rule learning: Automatizing second language morphosyntax. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 195-221.
    • (1997) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.19 , pp. 195-221
    • DeKeyser, R.M.1
  • 15
    • 67349109118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of a linguistic skill by adults: Procedural and declarative memory interact in the learning of an artificial morphological rule
    • Ferman, S., Olshtain, E., Schechtman, E., & Karni, A. (2009). The acquisition of a linguistic skill by adults: Procedural and declarative memory interact in the learning of an artificial morphological rule. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 22, 384-412.
    • (2009) Journal of Neurolinguistics , vol.22 , pp. 384-412
    • Ferman, S.1    Olshtain, E.2    Schechtman, E.3    Karni, A.4
  • 16
    • 85041030243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of planning and task type of second language performance
    • Foster, P., & Skehan, P. (1996). The influence of planning and task type of second language performance. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 18, 299-323.
    • (1996) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.18 , pp. 299-323
    • Foster, P.1    Skehan, P.2
  • 17
    • 0000267205 scopus 로고
    • What makes us think that students who study abroad become fluent
    • In B. F. Freed (Ed.), Amsterdam: Benjamins.
    • Freed, B. F. (1995). What makes us think that students who study abroad become fluent? In B. F. Freed (Ed.), Second language acquisition in a study abroad context (pp. 123-148). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
    • (1995) Second language acquisition in a study abroad context , pp. 123-148
    • Freed, B.F.1
  • 18
    • 85136981329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Context of learning and second language fluency in French: Comparing regular classroom, study abroad, and intensive domestic immersion programs
    • Freed, B. F., Segalowitz, N., & Dewey, D. P. (2004). Context of learning and second language fluency in French: Comparing regular classroom, study abroad, and intensive domestic immersion programs. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26, 275-301.
    • (2004) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.26 , pp. 275-301
    • Freed, B.F.1    Segalowitz, N.2    Dewey, D.P.3
  • 19
    • 33746559711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking communicative language teaching: A focus on access to fluency
    • Gatbonton, E., & Segalowitz, N. (2005). Rethinking communicative language teaching: A focus on access to fluency. Canadian Modern Language Review, 61(3), 325-353.
    • (2005) Canadian Modern Language Review , vol.61 , Issue.3 , pp. 325-353
    • Gatbonton, E.1    Segalowitz, N.2
  • 20
    • 84964169805 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of pause durations in speech
    • Goldman-Eisler, F. (1961). The distribution of pause durations in speech. Language and Speech, 4(4), 232-237.
    • (1961) Language and Speech , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 232-237
    • Goldman-Eisler, F.1
  • 21
    • 85055363091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connaissances, procédures et production orale en l2
    • Hilton, H. (2008). Connaissances, procédures et production orale en l2. AILE, 27, 63-91.
    • (2008) AILE , vol.27 , pp. 63-91
    • Hilton, H.1
  • 22
    • 2342560072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview: Varying perspectives on fluency
    • In H. Riggenbach (Ed.), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
    • Koponen, M., & Riggenbach, H. (2000). Overview: Varying perspectives on fluency. In H. Riggenbach (Ed.), Perspectives on fluency (pp. 5-24). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
    • (2000) Perspectives on fluency , pp. 5-24
    • Koponen, M.1    Riggenbach, H.2
  • 24
    • 2342631369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring measures and perceptions of fluency in the speech of second language learners
    • Kormos, J., & Dénes, M. (2004). Exploring measures and perceptions of fluency in the speech of second language learners. System, 32, 145-164.
    • (2004) System , vol.32 , pp. 145-164
    • Kormos, J.1    Dénes, M.2
  • 25
    • 84979344121 scopus 로고
    • Investigating fluency in EFL: A quantitative approach
    • Lennon, P. (1990). Investigating fluency in EFL: A quantitative approach. Language Learning, 40(3), 387-417.
    • (1990) Language Learning , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-417
    • Lennon, P.1
  • 27
    • 0000178296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Producing spoken language: A blueprint of the speaker
    • In C. Brown & P. Hagoort (Eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • Levelt, W. J. M. (1999). Producing spoken language: A blueprint of the speaker. In C. Brown & P. Hagoort (Eds.), The neurocognition of language (pp. 83-122): Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1999) The neurocognition of language , pp. 83-122
    • Levelt, W.J.M.1
  • 28
    • 84990361427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the benefits of task repetition and recycling in classroom language learning
    • Lynch, T., & Maclean, J. (2000). Exploring the benefits of task repetition and recycling in classroom language learning. Language Teaching Research, 4(3), 221-250.
    • (2000) Language Teaching Research , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 221-250
    • Lynch, T.1    Maclean, J.2
  • 29
    • 85069285480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of exercising": Effects of immediate task repetition on learners' performance
    • In M. Bygate, P. Skehan, amp; M. Swain (Eds.), Harlow, UK: Pearson Longman.
    • Lynch, T., & Maclean, J. (2001). "A case of exercising": Effects of immediate task repetition on learners' performance. In M. Bygate, P. Skehan, & M. Swain (Eds.), Researching pedagogic tasks: Second language learning, teaching and testing (pp. 141-162). Harlow, UK: Pearson Longman.
    • (2001) Researching pedagogic tasks: Second language learning, teaching and testing , pp. 141-162
    • Lynch, T.1    Maclean, J.2
  • 30
    • 27844486385 scopus 로고
    • The fluency workshop
    • Maurice, K. (1983). The fluency workshop. TESOL Newsletter, 17(4), 29.
    • (1983) TESOL Newsletter , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 29
    • Maurice, K.1
  • 31
    • 33750582820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses to recasts: Repetitions, primed production, and linguistic development
    • McDonough, K., & Mackey, A. (2006). Responses to recasts: Repetitions, primed production, and linguistic development. Language Learning, 56(4), 693-720.
    • (2006) Language Learning , vol.56 , Issue.4 , pp. 693-720
    • McDonough, K.1    Mackey, A.2
  • 32
    • 85136131415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of different lengths of time for planning on second language performance
    • Mehnert, U. (1998). The effects of different lengths of time for planning on second language performance. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20, 83-108.
    • (1998) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.20 , pp. 83-108
    • Mehnert, U.1
  • 33
    • 0001576429 scopus 로고
    • Improving speaking fluency
    • Nation, P. (1989). Improving speaking fluency. System, 17(3), 377-384.
    • (1989) System , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-384
    • Nation, P.1
  • 35
    • 0001046690 scopus 로고
    • Psychological mechanisms underlying second language fluency
    • Schmidt, R. W. (1992). Psychological mechanisms underlying second language fluency. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14, 357-385.
    • (1992) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.14 , pp. 357-385
    • Schmidt, R.W.1
  • 36
    • 0009766459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automaticity and attentional skill in fluent performance
    • In H. Riggenbach (Ed.), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
    • Segalowitz, N. (2000). Automaticity and attentional skill in fluent performance. In H. Riggenbach (Ed.), Perspectives on fluency (pp. 200-219). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
    • (2000) Perspectives on fluency , pp. 200-219
    • Segalowitz, N.1
  • 37
    • 85136968738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Context, contact, and cognition in oral fluency acquisition
    • Segalowitz, N., & Freed, B. F. (2004). Context, contact, and cognition in oral fluency acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26, 173-199.
    • (2004) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.26 , pp. 173-199
    • Segalowitz, N.1    Freed, B.F.2
  • 39
    • 77955149419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategic and on-line planning: The influence of surprise information and task time on second language performance
    • In R. Ellis (Ed.), Amsterdam: Benjamins.
    • Skehan, P., & Foster, P. (2005). Strategic and on-line planning: The influence of surprise information and task time on second language performance. In R. Ellis (Ed.), Planning and task performance in a second language (pp. 193-216). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
    • (2005) Planning and task performance in a second language , pp. 193-216
    • Skehan, P.1    Foster, P.2
  • 40
    • 0036896215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lexical retrieval: An aspect of fluent second language production that can be enhanced
    • Snellings, P., Van Gelderen, A., & De Glopper, K. (2002). Lexical retrieval: An aspect of fluent second language production that can be enhanced. Language Learning, 52(4), 723-754.
    • (2002) Language Learning , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 723-754
    • Snellings, P.1    Van Gelderen, A.2    De Glopper, K.3
  • 41
    • 3042664217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of enhanced lexical retrieval on second language writing: A classroom experiment
    • Snellings, P., Van Gelderen, A., & De Glopper, K. (2004). The effect of enhanced lexical retrieval on second language writing: A classroom experiment. Applied Psycholinguistics, 25, 175-200.
    • (2004) Applied Psycholinguistics , vol.25 , pp. 175-200
    • Snellings, P.1    Van Gelderen, A.2    De Glopper, K.3
  • 42
    • 0004034217 scopus 로고
    • New York: Oxford University Press.
    • Squire, L. R. (1987). Memory and brain. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (1987) Memory and brain
    • Squire, L.R.1
  • 43
    • 0026847039 scopus 로고
    • Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans
    • Squire, L. R. (1992). Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans. Psychological Review, 2, 195-231.
    • (1992) Psychological Review , vol.2 , pp. 195-231
    • Squire, L.R.1
  • 44
    • 77955323006 scopus 로고
    • Manipulating and complementing content teaching to maximize second language learning
    • In R. Philipson, E. Kellerman, L. Selinker, M. Sharwood Smith, amp; M. Swain (Eds.), Clevendon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
    • Swain, M. (1991). Manipulating and complementing content teaching to maximize second language learning. In R. Philipson, E. Kellerman, L. Selinker, M. Sharwood Smith, & M. Swain (Eds.), Foreign/second language pedagogy research (pp. 234-250). Clevendon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1991) Foreign/second language pedagogy research , pp. 234-250
    • Swain, M.1
  • 45
    • 84937389025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative degrees of fluency: A comparative case study of advanced learners of French
    • Towell, R. (2002). Relative degrees of fluency: A comparative case study of advanced learners of French. IRAL, 40, 117-150.
    • (2002) IRAL , vol.40 , pp. 117-150
    • Towell, R.1
  • 46
    • 0002575048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of fluency in advanced learners of French
    • Towell, R., Hawkins, R., & Bazergui, N. (1996). The development of fluency in advanced learners of French. Applied Linguistics, 17(1), 84-119.
    • (1996) Applied Linguistics , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 84-119
    • Towell, R.1    Hawkins, R.2    Bazergui, N.3
  • 47
    • 0035235130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The declarative/procedural model of lexicon and grammar
    • Ullman, M. T. (2001a). The declarative/procedural model of lexicon and grammar. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 30(1), 37-67.
    • (2001) Journal of Psycholinguistic Research , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-67
    • Ullman, M.T.1
  • 48
    • 0035487105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neurocognitive perspective on language: The declarative/procedural model
    • Ullman, M. T. (2001b). A neurocognitive perspective on language: The declarative/procedural model. Nature Reviews: Neuroscience, 2, 717-726.
    • (2001) Nature Reviews: Neuroscience , vol.2 , pp. 717-726
    • Ullman, M.T.1
  • 49
    • 1442351120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions of memory circuits to language: The declarative/procedural model
    • Ullman, M. T. (2004). Contributions of memory circuits to language: The declarative/procedural model. Cognition, 92, 231-270.
    • (2004) Cognition , vol.92 , pp. 231-270
    • Ullman, M.T.1
  • 50
    • 0040516203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of fluency: What is it and how can we teach it
    • Wood, D. (2001). In search of fluency: What is it and how can we teach it Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(4), 573-589.
    • (2001) Canadian Modern Language Review , vol.57 , Issue.4 , pp. 573-589
    • Wood, D.1
  • 52
    • 85044807957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learners production of passives during syntactic priming activities
    • Youjin, K., & McDonough, K. (2008). Learners production of passives during syntactic priming activities. Applied Linguistics, 29(1), 149.
    • (2008) Applied Linguistics , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 149
    • Youjin, K.1    McDonough, K.2
  • 53
    • 0345376129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of pre-task planning and on-line planning on fluency, complexity and accuracy in L2 monologic oral production
    • Yuan, F., & Ellis, R. (2003). The effects of pre-task planning and on-line planning on fluency, complexity and accuracy in L2 monologic oral production. Applied Linguistics, 24(1), 1-27.
    • (2003) Applied Linguistics , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-27
    • Yuan, F.1    Ellis, R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.