메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2010, Issue , 2010, Pages

The vascular microenvironment and systemic sclerosis

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR4; DASATINIB; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; IMATINIB; NILOTINIB; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; SMAD PROTEIN; STROMAL CELL DERIVED FACTOR 1; TELOMERASE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; VASCULOTROPIN;

EID: 79955098372     PISSN: 16879260     EISSN: 16879279     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2010/362868     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (57)
  • 2
    • 33749009286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in systemic sclerosis
    • Distler J. H. W., Gay S., Distler O., Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in systemic sclerosis Rheumatology 2006 45 3 iii26 iii27
    • (2006) Rheumatology , vol.45 , Issue.3
    • Distler, J.H.W.1    Gay, S.2    Distler, O.3
  • 3
    • 0038004795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of systemic sclerosis in twins reveals low concordance for disease and high concordance for the presence of antinuclear antibodies
    • DOI 10.1002/art.11173
    • Feghali-Bostwick C., Medsger T. A. Jr., Wright T. M., Analysis of systemic sclerosis in twins reveals low concordance for disease and high concordance for the presence of antinuclear antibodies Arthritis Rheumatism 2003 48 7 1956 1963 (Pubitemid 36828691)
    • (2003) Arthritis and Rheumatism , vol.48 , Issue.7 , pp. 1956-1963
    • Feghali-Bostwick, C.1    Medsger Jr., T.A.2    Wright, T.M.3
  • 4
    • 0034965980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial occurrence frequencies and relative risks for systemic sclerosis (Scleroderma) in three United States cohorts
    • DOI 10.1002/1529-0131(200106)44:6<1359::AID-ART228>3.0.CO;2-S
    • Arnett F. C., Cho M., Chatterjee S., Aguilar M. B., Reveille J. D., Mayes M. D., Familial occurrence frequencies and relative risks for systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) in three United States cohorts Arthritis Rheumatism 2001 44 6 1359 1362 (Pubitemid 32537534)
    • (2001) Arthritis and Rheumatism , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 1359-1362
    • Arnett, F.C.1    Cho, M.2    Chatterjee, S.3    Aguilar, M.B.4    Reveille, J.D.5    Mayes, M.D.6
  • 5
    • 79955121474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study of systemic sclerosis in a large US cohort of over 1,500 cases
    • Abstract 548
    • Gorlova O., Weng S. F., Ying J., Wigley F., Hummers L., Genome-wide association study of systemic sclerosis in a large US cohort of over 1,500 cases. Abstract 548, Arthritis Rheumatism, vol. 60, 2009
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheumatism , vol.60
    • Gorlova, O.1    Weng, S.F.2    Ying, J.3    Wigley, F.4    Hummers, L.5
  • 6
    • 77950391545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic background of systemic sclerosis: Autoimmune genes take centre stage
    • Allanore Y., Dieude P., Boileau C., Genetic background of systemic sclerosis: autoimmune genes take centre stage Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010 49 2 203 210
    • (2010) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 203-210
    • Allanore, Y.1    Dieude, P.2    Boileau, C.3
  • 7
    • 77951517869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles, haplotypes and epitopes which confer susceptibility or protection in systemic sclerosis: Analyses in 1300 Caucasian, African-American and Hispanic cases and 1000 controls
    • Arnett F. C., Gourh P., Shete S., Ahn C. W., Honey R. E., Agarwal S. K., Tan F. K., McNearney T., Fischbach M., Fritzler M. J., Mayes M. D., Reveille J. D., Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles, haplotypes and epitopes which confer susceptibility or protection in systemic sclerosis: analyses in 1300 Caucasian, African-American and Hispanic cases and 1000 controls Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2010 69 5 822 827
    • (2010) Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 822-827
    • Arnett, F.C.1    Gourh, P.2    Shete, S.3    Ahn, C.W.4    Honey, R.E.5    Agarwal, S.K.6    Tan, F.K.7    McNearney, T.8    Fischbach, M.9    Fritzler, M.J.10    Mayes, M.D.11    Reveille, J.D.12
  • 8
    • 77954239390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heritability of vasculopathy, autoimmune disease, and fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: A population-based study
    • Frech T., Khanna D., Markewitz B., Mineau G., Pimentel R., Sawitzke A., Heritability of vasculopathy, autoimmune disease, and fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: a population-based study Arthritis Rheumatism 2010 62 7 2109 2116
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheumatism , vol.62 , Issue.7 , pp. 2109-2116
    • Frech, T.1    Khanna, D.2    Markewitz, B.3    Mineau, G.4    Pimentel, R.5    Sawitzke, A.6
  • 10
    • 0026725450 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the microvascular endothelium in uninvolved skin of patients with systemic sclerosis: Direct evidence for a generalized microangiopathy
    • Freemont A. J., Hoyland J., Fielding P., Hodson N., Jayson M. I. V., Studies of the microvascular endothelium in uninvolved skin of patients with systemic sclerosis: direct evidence for a generalized microangiopathy British Journal of Dermatology 1992 126 6 561 568
    • (1992) British Journal of Dermatology , vol.126 , Issue.6 , pp. 561-568
    • Freemont, A.J.1    Hoyland, J.2    Fielding, P.3    Hodson, N.4    Jayson, M.I.V.5
  • 11
    • 0026604019 scopus 로고
    • Sequential dermal microvascular and perivascular changes in the development of scleroderma
    • Prescott R. J., Freemont A. J., Jones C. J. P., Hoyland J., Fielding P., Sequential dermal microvascular and perivascular changes in the development of scleroderma Journal of Pathology 1992 166 3 255 263
    • (1992) Journal of Pathology , vol.166 , Issue.3 , pp. 255-263
    • Prescott, R.J.1    Freemont, A.J.2    Jones, C.J.P.3    Hoyland, J.4    Fielding, P.5
  • 12
    • 57449114150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of Bim by FOXO3a and Akt mediates scleroderma serum-induced apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells
    • Zhu S., Evans S., Yan B., Povsic T. J., Tapson V., Goldschmidt-Clermont P. J., Dong C., Transcriptional regulation of Bim by FOXO3a and Akt mediates scleroderma serum-induced apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells Circulation 2008 118 21 2156 2165
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.118 , Issue.21 , pp. 2156-2165
    • Zhu, S.1    Evans, S.2    Yan, B.3    Povsic, T.J.4    Tapson, V.5    Goldschmidt-Clermont, P.J.6    Dong, C.7
  • 13
  • 17
    • 0036379582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The polymorphism of telomerase RNA component gene in patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Ohtsuka T., Yamakage A., Yamazaki S., The polymorphism of telomerase RNA component gene in patients with systemic sclerosis British Journal of Dermatology 2002 147 2 250 254
    • (2002) British Journal of Dermatology , vol.147 , Issue.2 , pp. 250-254
    • Ohtsuka, T.1    Yamakage, A.2    Yamazaki, S.3
  • 20
    • 63349111567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telomere length measurement by a novel monochrome multiplex quantitative PCR method
    • ARTICLE E21
    • Cawthon R. M., Telomere length measurement by a novel monochrome multiplex quantitative PCR method Nucleic Acids Research 2009 37 3, article e21
    • (2009) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.37 , Issue.3
    • Cawthon, R.M.1
  • 21
    • 13444300993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating endothelial (progenitor) cells reflect the state of the endothelium: Vascular injury, repair and neovascularization
    • Hunting C. B., Noort W. A., Zwaginga J. J., Circulating endothelial (progenitor) cells reflect the state of the endothelium: vascular injury, repair and neovascularization Vox Sanguinis 2005 88 1 1 9
    • (2005) Vox Sanguinis , vol.88 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-9
    • Hunting, C.B.1    Noort, W.A.2    Zwaginga, J.J.3
  • 22
    • 70349569570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EphrinB reverse signaling contributes to endothelial and mural cell assembly into vascular structures
    • Salvucci O., Maric D., Economopoulou M., Sakakibara S., Merlin S., Follenzi A., Tosato G., EphrinB reverse signaling contributes to endothelial and mural cell assembly into vascular structures Blood 2009 114 8 1707 1716
    • (2009) Blood , vol.114 , Issue.8 , pp. 1707-1716
    • Salvucci, O.1    Maric, D.2    Economopoulou, M.3    Sakakibara, S.4    Merlin, S.5    Follenzi, A.6    Tosato, G.7
  • 23
    • 69949182477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of vascular damage in SScimplications for vascular treatment strategies
    • Guiducci S., Distler O., Distler J. H., Matucci-Cerinic M., Mechanisms of vascular damage in SScimplications for vascular treatment strategies Rheumatology 2008 47 v18 20
    • (2008) Rheumatology , vol.47 , pp. 18-20
    • Guiducci, S.1    Distler, O.2    Distler, J.H.3    Matucci-Cerinic, M.4
  • 24
    • 25444463573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial/pericyte interactions
    • DOI 10.1161/01.RES.0000182903.16652.d7
    • Armulik A., Abramsson A., Betsholtz C., Endothelial/pericyte interactions Circulation Research 2005 97 6 512 523 (Pubitemid 41361741)
    • (2005) Circulation Research , vol.97 , Issue.6 , pp. 512-523
    • Armulik, A.1    Abramsson, A.2    Betsholtz, C.3
  • 25
    • 33344468704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pericytes and vascular stability
    • DOI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.10.019, PII S0014482705004866
    • von Tell D., Armulik A., Betsholtz C., Pericytes and vascular stability Experimental Cell Research 2006 312 5 623 629 (Pubitemid 43290338)
    • (2006) Experimental Cell Research , vol.312 , Issue.5 , pp. 623-629
    • Von Tell, D.1    Armulik, A.2    Betsholtz, C.3
  • 26
    • 0035015517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pericytes: Cell biology and pathology
    • DOI 10.1159/000047855
    • Allt G., Lawrenson J. G., Pericytes: cell biology and pathology Cells Tissues Organs 2001 169 1 1 11 (Pubitemid 32437039)
    • (2001) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.169 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-11
    • Allt, G.1    Lawrenson, J.G.2
  • 27
    • 19044398689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiogenesis and pericytes in the initiation of ectopic calcification
    • DOI 10.1161/01.RES.0000163634.51301.0d
    • Collett G. D. M., Canfield A. E., Angiogenesis and pericytes in the initiation of ectopic calcification Circulation Research 2005 96 9 930 938 (Pubitemid 40712792)
    • (2005) Circulation Research , vol.96 , Issue.9 , pp. 930-938
    • Collett, G.D.M.1    Canfield, A.E.2
  • 29
    • 0037007226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balancing the activation state of the endothelium via two distinct TGF-β type I receptors
    • DOI 10.1093/emboj/21.7.1743
    • Goumans M.-J., Valdimarsdottir G., Itoh S., Rosendahl A., Sideras P., ten Dijke P., Balancing the activation state of the endothelium via two distinct TGF- type I receptors The EMBO Journal 2002 21 7 1743 1753 (Pubitemid 34614630)
    • (2002) EMBO Journal , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 1743-1753
    • Goumans, M.-J.1    Valdimarsdottir, G.2    Itoh, S.3    Rosendahl, A.4    Sideras, P.5    Ten Dijke, P.6
  • 30
    • 75649096395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis
    • Jinnin M., Mechanisms of skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis Journal of Dermatology 2010 37 1 11 25
    • (2010) Journal of Dermatology , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-25
    • Jinnin, M.1
  • 34
    • 61649123322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Ruan J., Hajjar K., Rafii S., Leonard J. P., Angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Annals of Oncology 2009 20 3 413 424
    • (2009) Annals of Oncology , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 413-424
    • Ruan, J.1    Hajjar, K.2    Rafii, S.3    Leonard, J.P.4
  • 35
    • 45149083080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral treatments on exercise capacity in systemic sclerosis related pulmonary arterial hypertension: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • DOI 10.1136/ard.2007.077149
    • Avouac J., Wipff J., Kahan A., Allanore Y., Effects of oral treatments on exercise capacity in systemic sclerosis related pulmonary arterial hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2008 67 6 808 814 (Pubitemid 351829381)
    • (2008) Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases , vol.67 , Issue.6 , pp. 808-814
    • Avouac, J.1    Wipff, J.2    Kahan, A.3    Allanore, Y.4
  • 36
    • 0141428794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlling the angiogenic switch: A balance between two distinct TGF-β receptor signaling pathways
    • DOI 10.1016/S1050-1738(03)00142-7, PII S1050173803001427
    • Goumans M.-J., Lebrin F., Valdimarsdottir G., Controlling the angiogenic switch: a balance between two distinct TGF- receptor signaling pathways Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine 2003 13 7 301 307 (Pubitemid 37159396)
    • (2003) Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine , vol.13 , Issue.7 , pp. 301-307
    • Goumans, M.-J.1    Lebrin, F.2    Valdimarsdottir, G.3
  • 38
    • 75749155776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What are the new milestones in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis?
    • Hunzelmann N., Brinckmann J., What are the new milestones in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis? Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2010 69 supplement 1 i52 i56
    • (2010) Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases , vol.69 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Hunzelmann, N.1    Brinckmann, J.2
  • 39
    • 4644295385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult bone marrow-derived cells recruited during angiogenesis comprise precursors for periendothelial vascular mural cells
    • DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0336
    • Rajantie I., Ilmonen M., Alminaite A., Ozerdem U., Alitalo K., Salven P., Adult bone marrow-derived cells recruited during angiogenesis comprise precursors for periendothelial vascular mural cells Blood 2004 104 7 2084 2086 (Pubitemid 39297861)
    • (2004) Blood , vol.104 , Issue.7 , pp. 2084-2086
    • Rajantie, I.1    Ilmonen, M.2    Alminaite, A.3    Ozerdem, U.4    Alitalo, K.5    Salven, P.6
  • 40
    • 33846031090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial differentiation potential of human monocyte-derived multipotential cells
    • DOI 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0026
    • Kuwana M., Okazaki Y., Kodama H., Satoh T., Kawakami Y., Ikeda Y., Endothelial differentiation potential of human monocyte-derived multipotential cells Stem Cells 2006 24 12 2733 2743 (Pubitemid 46053011)
    • (2006) Stem Cells , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 2733-2743
    • Kuwana, M.1    Okazaki, Y.2    Kodama, H.3    Satoh, T.4    Kawakami, Y.5    Ikeda, Y.6
  • 41
    • 0037089405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of endothelial cell branching morphogenesis by endogenous chemokine stromal-derived factor-1
    • DOI 10.1182/blood.V99.8.2703
    • Salvucci O., Yao L., Villalba S., Sajewicz A., Pittaluga S., Tosato G., Regulation of endothelial cell branching morphogenesis by endogenous chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 Blood 2002 99 8 2703 2711 (Pubitemid 34525355)
    • (2002) Blood , vol.99 , Issue.8 , pp. 2703-2711
    • Salvucci, O.1    Yao, L.2    Villalba, S.3    Sajewicz, A.4    Pittaluga, S.5    Tosato, G.6
  • 43
    • 48749113166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CXCR4pos circulating progenitor cells coexpressing monocytic and endothelial markers correlating with fibrotic clinical features are present in the peripheral blood of patients affected by systemic sclerosis
    • Campioni D., Lo Monaco A., Lanza F., Moretti S., Ferrari L., Fotinidi M., La Corte R., Cuneo A., Trotta F., CXCR4pos circulating progenitor cells coexpressing monocytic and endothelial markers correlating with fibrotic clinical features are present in the peripheral blood of patients affected by systemic sclerosis Haematologica 2008 93 8 1233 1237
    • (2008) Haematologica , vol.93 , Issue.8 , pp. 1233-1237
    • Campioni, D.1    Lo Monaco, A.2    Lanza, F.3    Moretti, S.4    Ferrari, L.5    Fotinidi, M.6    La Corte, R.7    Cuneo, A.8    Trotta, F.9
  • 46
    • 33947154329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A macrophage marker, siglec-1, is increased on circulating monocytes in patients with systemic sclerosis and induced by type I interferons and toll-like receptor agonists
    • DOI 10.1002/art.22382
    • York M. R., Nagai T., Mangini A. J., Lemaire R., van Seventer J. M., Lafyatis R., A macrophage marker, Siglec-1, is increased on circulating monocytes in patients with systemic sclerosis and induced by type I interferons and Toll-like receptor agonists Arthritis Rheumatism 2007 56 3 1010 1020 (Pubitemid 46399451)
    • (2007) Arthritis and Rheumatism , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 1010-1020
    • York, M.R.1    Nagai, T.2    Mangini, A.J.3    Lemaire, R.4    Van Seventer, J.M.5    Lafyatis, R.6
  • 47
    • 34249885583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of increased expression of cell surface markers for circulating fibrocyte progenitors in limited scleroderma
    • DOI 10.1007/s10067-006-0461-5
    • Russo R., Medbury H., Guiffre A., Englert H., Manolios N., Lack of increased expression of cell surface markers for circulating fibrocyte progenitors in limited scleroderma Clinical Rheumatology 2007 26 7 1136 1141 (Pubitemid 46863961)
    • (2007) Clinical Rheumatology , vol.26 , Issue.7 , pp. 1136-1141
    • Russo, R.1    Medbury, H.2    Guiffre, A.3    Englert, H.4    Manolios, N.5
  • 50
    • 39749086955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial cell aging and apoptosis in prevention and disease: E-selectin expression and modulation as a model
    • DOI 10.2174/138161208783413248
    • Vannini N., Pfeffer U., Lorusso G., Noonan D. M., Albini A., Endothelial cell aging and apoptosis in prevention and disease: E-selectin expression and modulation as a model Current Pharmaceutical Design 2008 14 3 221 225 (Pubitemid 351516866)
    • (2008) Current Pharmaceutical Design , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 221-225
    • Vannini, N.1    Pfeffer, U.2    Lorusso, G.3    Noonan, D.M.4    Albini, A.5
  • 51
    • 70350011911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term beneficial effects of statins on vascular manifestations in patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Kuwana M., Okazaki Y., Kaburaki J., Long-term beneficial effects of statins on vascular manifestations in patients with systemic sclerosis Modern Rheumatology 2009 19 5 530 535
    • (2009) Modern Rheumatology , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 530-535
    • Kuwana, M.1    Okazaki, Y.2    Kaburaki, J.3
  • 52
    • 34147149179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with hematological malignancies after treatment with filgrastim and chemotherapy for autologous transplantation
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2007.00831.x
    • Mauro E., Rigolin G. M., Fraulini C., Sofritti O., Ciccone M., Angeli C. D., Castoldi G., Cuneo A., Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with hematological malignancies after treatment with filgrastim and chemotherapy for autologous transplantation European Journal of Haematology 2007 78 5 374 380 (Pubitemid 46558194)
    • (2007) European Journal of Haematology , vol.78 , Issue.5 , pp. 374-380
    • Mauro, E.1    Rigolin, G.M.2    Fraulini, C.3    Sofritti, O.4    Ciccone, M.5    Angeli, C.D.6    Castoldi, G.7    Cuneo, A.8
  • 54
    • 75749087538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of fibrotic diseases such as systemic sclerosis: Towards molecular targeted therapies
    • Distler J. H.W., Distler O., Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of fibrotic diseases such as systemic sclerosis: towards molecular targeted therapies Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2010 69 supplement 1 i48 i51
    • (2010) Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases , vol.69 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Distler, J.H.W.1    Distler, O.2
  • 55
    • 56249141146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antitransforming growth factor- therapy in fibrosis: Recent progress and implications for systemic sclerosis
    • Varga J., Pasche B., Antitransforming growth factor- therapy in fibrosis: recent progress and implications for systemic sclerosis Current Opinion in Rheumatology 2008 20 6 720 728
    • (2008) Current Opinion in Rheumatology , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 720-728
    • Varga, J.1    Pasche, B.2
  • 56
    • 70349832889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate immunity and inflammation in systemic sclerosis
    • Lafyatis R., York M., Innate immunity and inflammation in systemic sclerosis Current Opinion in Rheumatology 2009 21 6 617 622
    • (2009) Current Opinion in Rheumatology , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 617-622
    • Lafyatis, R.1    York, M.2
  • 57
    • 7044224913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular origins of fibroblasts: Possible implications for organ fibrosis in systemic sclerosis
    • DOI 10.1097/01.bor.0000139310.77347.9c
    • Postlethwaite A. E., Shigemitsu H., Kanangat S., Cellular origins of fibroblasts: possible implications for organ fibrosis in systemic sclerosis Current Opinion in Rheumatology 2004 16 6 733 738 (Pubitemid 39425547)
    • (2004) Current Opinion in Rheumatology , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 733-738
    • Postlethwaite, A.E.1    Shigemitsu, H.2    Kanangat, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.