Electronic nose evaluation of the effects of canopy side on Cabernet franc (Vitis vinifera L.) grape and wine volatiles

American Journal of Enology and Viticulture

Volumn 62, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 73-80

  Devarajan, Yamuna S ^a   Zoecklein, Bruce W ^a   Mallikarjunan, Kumar ^b   Gardner, Denise M ^a  

^a VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b State University   (United States)

Author keywords

Cabernet franc; Canopy side; Electronic nose; Grape volatiles; Wine volatiles

Indexed keywords

VITACEAE; VITIS; VITIS VINIFERA;

EID: 79952297507     PISSN: 00029254     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2010.10028     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Athamneh, A.I. 2006. Electronic nose evaluation of grape maturity. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
2. Athamneh, A.I., B.W. Zoecklein, and K. Mallikarjunan. 2008. Electronic nose evaluation of Cabernet Sauvignon fruit maturity. J. Wine Res. 19:69-80.
3. Bergqvist, J., N. Dokoozlian, and N. Ebisuda. 2001. Sunlight exposure and temperature effects on berry growth and composition of Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache in the Central San Joaquin Valley of California. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 52:1-7.
4. Crippen, Jr., D.D., and J.C. Morrison. 1986a. The effects of sun exposure on the compositional development of Cabernet Sauvignon berries. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 37:235-242.
5. Crippen, Jr., D.D., and J.C. Morrison. 1986b. The effects of sun exposure on the phenolic content of Cabernet Sauvignon berries during development. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 37:243-247.
6. Cyrano Sciences Inc. 2000. The Practical Guide to the Cyranose 320TM. Cyrano, Pasadena, CA.
7. Downey, M.O., N.K. Dokoozlian, and M.P. Krstic. 2006. Cultural practice and environmental impacts on the flavonoid composition of grapes and wine: A review of recent research. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 57:257-268.
8. Electronic Sensor Technology. 2001. 7300 Fast GC-Analyzer Operation Manual. EST, Newbury, CA.
9. Gardner, D.M. 2009. Characterization of cold soak on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon grape and wine volatiles using an electronic nose system. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
10. Haugen, J.E., and K. Kvaal. 1998. Electronic nose and artificial neural network. Meat Sci. 49:S273-S286.
11. Jackson, D.I., and P.B. Lombard. 1993. Environmental and management practices affecting grape composition and wine quality-A review. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 44:409-430.
12. Kliewer, W.M., L.A. Lider, and H.B. Schultz. 1967. Influence of artificial shading of vineyards on the concentration of sugar and organic acid in grapes. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 18:78-86.
13. Kliewer, W.M., and L.A. Lider. 1968. Influence of cluster exposure to the sun on the composition of Thompson seedless fruit. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 19:175-184.
14. Kliewer, W.M. 1977. Influence of temperature, solar radiation and nitrogen on coloration and composition of Emperor grapes. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 28:96-103.
15. Lammertyn, J., E.A. Veraverbeke, and J. Irudayaraj. 2004. zNoseTM technology for the classification of honey based on rapid aroma profiling. Sens. Actuators, B Chem. 98:54-62.
16. Mallikarjunan, P. 2005. Electronic nose applications in the food industry. In Nondestructive Testing of Food Quality. J. Irudayaraj et al. (eds.), pp. 237-284. Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, IA.
17. Martin, A., K. Mallikarjunan, and B. Zoecklein. 2008. Discrimination of wines produced from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes treated with aqueous ethanol post-bloom using an electronic nose. Int. J. Food Eng. 4(2). doi: 10.2202/1556-3758.1410.
18. Meilgaard, M.C., G.V. Civille, and B.T. Carr. 2007. Sensory Evaluation Techniques. 4th ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
19. Mielle, P. 1996. Electronic noses: Towards the objective instrumental characterization of food aroma. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 7:432-438.
20. Pinheiro, C., C. Rodrigues, T. Schäfer, and J. Crespo. 2002. Monitoring the aroma production during wine-must fermentation with an electronic nose. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 77:632-640.
21. Price, S.F., P.J. Breen, M. Valladao, and B.T. Watson. 1995. Cluster sun exposure and quercetin in Pinot noir grapes and wine. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 46:187-194.
22. Ragazzo-Sanchez, J.A., P. Chalier, D. Chevalier, and C. Ghommidh. 2006. Electonic nose discrimination of aroma compounds in alchoholised solutions. Sens. Actuators, B 114:665-673.
23. Santos, J.P., J. Lozano, M. Aleixandre, I. Sayago, M.J. Fernandez, L. Ares, J. Gutierrez, and M.C. Horrillo. 2004. Discrimination of different aromatic compounds in water, ethanol and wine with a thin film sensor array. Sens. Actuators, B 103:98-103.
24. Smart, R.E., S.M. Smith, and R.V. Winchester. 1988. Light quality and quantity effects on fruit ripening for Cabernet Sauvignon. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 39:250-258.
25. Spayd, S.E., J.M. Tarara, D.L. Mee, and J.C. Ferguson. 2002. Separation of sunlight and temperature effects on the composition of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot berries. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 53:171-182.
26. Vandeventer, D., and P. Mallikarjunan. 2003. Comparative performance analysis of three electronic nose systems using different sensor technologies in odor analysis of retained solvents on printed packaging. J. Food Sci. 67:3170-3183.
27. Weaver, R.J., and S.B. McCune. 1960. Influence of light on color development in Vitis vinifera grapes. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 11:179-184.
28. Whiton, R.S., and B.W. Zoecklein. 2000. Optimization of headspace solid-phase microextraction for analysis of wine aroma compounds. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 51:379-382.
29. Williams, P.J., W. Cynkar, I.L. Francis, J.D. Gray, P.G. Iland, and B.G. Coombe. 1995. Quantification of glycosides in grapes, juices, and wines through a determination of glycosyl glucose. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43:121-128.
30. Zoecklein, B.W., L.S. Douglas, and Y.W. Jasinski. 2000. Evaluation of the phenol-free glycosyl-glucose determination. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 51:420-423.
31. Zoecklein, B.W., K.C. Fugelsang, B.H. Gump, and F.S. Nury. 1999. Wine analysis and production. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York.