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2 (98%) used in this work is $61.80 per 50ag (Aldrich catalogue, 2009-2010).
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32
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79951829578
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note
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The cost for the several frequently used phosphine ligands in conventional cross-coupling of aryl chlorides, tosylates, and mesylates is 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl (JohnPhos, 97%) is $99.10 per gram; 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2a-methylbiphenyl (t-BuMePhos, 97%) is $213.50 per gram; 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2a,4a,6a-triisopropylbiphenyl (Xphos, 97%) is $99.10 per gram; however, bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp, 97%) used in this work is ca. $20.10 per gram, which makes it one of the cheapest phosphine ligands in the chemical price list (Aldrich catalogue, 2009-2010).
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26144464085
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2 (98%) was purchased from Stream Chemicals. Dppp ligands (>98%) was purchased from Shanghai Adamas Reagent Co. Ltd.
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2 (98%) was purchased from Stream Chemicals. Dppp ligands (>98%) was purchased from Shanghai Adamas Reagent Co. Ltd.
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It should be mentioned that, as an exceptional example, the cross-coupling of tosylate derivative of 3-N,N-dimethylphenol is somewhat sluggish, affording the biaryls in 57% average yield (Tablea2, entrya7). The reasons are not clear at this stage although the effect of several possible factors such as temperature, reaction time, and the purity of substrate were carefully examined.
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