Metabolic syndrome and liver transplantation

Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica

Volumn 56, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 297-304

  Hanouneh, I A ^a   Zein, N N ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Fatty liver, alcoholic; Liver transplantation; Metabolic syndrome X

Indexed keywords

CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; RAPAMYCIN;

ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DYSLIPIDEMIA; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INSULIN RESISTANCE; KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; ORGAN DONOR; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

HUMANS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 79251500337     PISSN: 00264776     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Grundy S, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation 2005;112:2735-52.
2. Grundy SM, Becker D, Clark LT, Cooper RS, Denke MA, Howard WJ et al. NIH, Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Circulation 2002;106:3143-421.
3. Ford E, Giles W, Dietz W. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults. Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002;287:356-59.
4. Ford ES, Giles WH, AH M. Increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among U.S. Adults. Diabetes Care 2004;27:2444-9.
5. Gami A, Witt BJ, Howard DE, Erwin PJ, Gami LA, Somers VH et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;49:403-14. (Pubitemid 46135879)
6. Girman C, Rhodes T, Mercuri M, Pyorala K, Kjekshus J, Pedersen TR et al. The metabolic syndrome and risk of major coronary events in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) and the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (AFCA-PS/Tex-CAPS). Am J. Cardiol 2004,93:136-41.
7. Lakka H, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Tuomilehto J et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA 2002;288:2709-16.
8. Burke A, Lucey MR. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and orthotopic liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2004;4:686-93.
9. Angulo P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2002;346:1221-31.
10. Caldwell SH, Oelsner DH, Iezzoni JC, Hespenheide EE, Battle EH, Driscoll CJ. Cryptogenic cirrhosis: clinical characterization and risk factors for underlying disease. Hepatology 1999;29:664-9.
11. Stegall MD, Everson G, Schroter G, Bilir B, Karrer F, Kam I. Metabolic complications after liver transplantation. Diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. Transplantation 1995;60:1057-60.
12. Watt K, Pedersen R, Kremers WK, Charlton MR. Risk factors associated with long-term mortality after liver transplantation: an analysis of the multi-center, prospective NIDDK database. Hepatology 2008;48(4 Suppl S):66.
13. Pfitzmann R, Nussler NC, Hippler-Benscheidt M, Neuhaus R, Neuhaus P. Long-term results after liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2008;21:234-46.
14. Laryea M, Watt KD, Molinari M, Walsh MJ, McAlister VC, Marotta PJ et al. Metabolic syndrome in liver transplant recipients: prevalence and association with cardiovascular events. Liver Transpl 2007;13:1109-14. (Pubitemid 47305029)
15. Bianchi G, Marchesini G, Marzocchi R, Pinna AD, Zoli M. Metabolic syndrome in liver transplantation: relation to etiology and immunosuppression. Liver Transpl 2008;4:1648-54.
16. Hanouneh IA, Feldstein AE, McCullough AJ, Miller C, Aucejo F, Yerian L et al. The significance of metabolic syndrome in the setting of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2008;14:1287-93.
17. Loa A. Immunosuppression and metabolic syndrome in renal transplant recipients. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2004;2:263-73.
18. Marchetti P, Navalesi R. The metabolic effects of cyclosporine and tacrolimus. J Endocrinol Invest 2000;23:482.
19. Hakeam HA, Al-Jedai AH, Raza SM, Hamawi K. Sirolimus induced dyslipidemia in tacrolimus based vs. tacrolimus free immunosuppressive regimens in renal transplant recipients. Ann Transplant 2008;13:46-53.
20. Richards J, Gunson B, Johnson J, Neuberger J. Weight gain and obesity after liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2005;18:461-6.
21. Contos MJ, Cales W, Sterling RK, Luketic VA, Shiffman ML, Mills AS et al. Development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after orthotopic liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis. Liver Transpl 2001;7:363-73.
22. Hanouneh IA, Macaron C, Lopez R, Feldstein AE, Yerian L, Zein NN. Recurrence of liver disease after liver transplantation: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis versus hepatitis C virus infection. Abstract #1014, Digestive Disease Week 2009.
23. Hanouneh IA, Feldstein AE, Lopez R, Yerian L, Pillai A, Zein CO, Zein NN. Clinical significance of metabolic syndrome in the setting of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;6:584-9.
24. Shintani Y, Fujie H, Miyoshi H, Tsutsumi T, Tsukamoto K, Kimura S et al. Hepatitis C virus infection and diabetes: direct involvement of the virus in the development of insulin resistance. Gastroenterology 2004;126:840-8.
25. Saab S, Shpaner A, Zhao Y, Brito I, Durazo F, Han S et al. Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in moderate term survivors of liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2006;6:1890-5. (Pubitemid 44024961)
26. Berenguer M, Ferrell L, Watson J, Prieto M, Kim M, Rayon M et al. HCV-related fibrosis progression following liver transplantation: increase in recent years. J Hepatol 2000;32:673-84.
27. Forman LM, Lewis JD, Berlin JA, Feldman HI, Lucey MR. The association between hepatitis C infection and survival after orthotopic liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2002;122:889-96.
28. Gane EJ, Portmann BC, Naoumov NV, Smith HM, Underhill JA, Donaldson PT et al. Long-term outcome of hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 1996;334:815-20.
29. Romero-Gomez M. Hepatitis C and insulin resistance: steatosis, fibrosis and non-response. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2006;98:605-15.
30. Elgouhari HM, Zein CO, Hanouneh I, Feldstein AE, Zein NN. Diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C infection. Dig Dis Sci 2009 [Epub ahead of print].
31. Romero-Gómez M, Del Mar Viloria M, Andrade RJ, Salmerón J, Diago M et al. Insulin resistance impairs sustained response rate to peginterferon plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients. Gastroenterology 2005;128:636-41.
32. Hanouneh IA, Miller C, Aucejo F, Lopez R, Quinn MK, Zein NN. Recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: on-treatment prediction of response to peginterferon/ribavirin therapy. Liver Transpl 2008;14:53-8.
33. Oton E, Barcena R, Moreno-Planas JM, Cuervas-Mons V, Moreno-Zamora A, Barrios C et al. Hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation: viral and histologic response to full-dose PEG-interferon and ribavirin. Am J Transplant 2006;6:2348-55.
34. Dumortier J, Scoazec JY, Chevallier P, Boillot O. Treatment of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: a pilot study of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin combination. J Hepatol 2004;40:669-74. (Pubitemid 38367790)
35. Yalamanchili K, Saadeh S, Klintmalm GB, Jennings LW, Davis GL. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Transpl 2010;16:431-9.
36. Charlton M, Kasparova P, Weston S, Lindor K, Maorkendler Y, Wiesner RH et al. Frequency of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as a cause of advanced liver disease. Liver Transpl 2001;7:608-14.
37. Seo S, Maganti K, Khehra M, Ramsamooj R, Tsodikov A, Bowlus C et al. De novo nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2007;13.844-7.
38. Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS, Kamath TV, L'Italien GJ, Pio JR, Williams GR. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation 2004;110:1245-50.
39. European FK506 Multicentre Liver Study Group. Randomised trial comparing tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporine in prevention of liver allograft rejection. Lancet 1994;344:423-8.
40. Fung JJ, Abu-Elmagd K, Todo S, Shapiro R, Tzakis A, Jordan M et al. Overview of FK506 in transplantation. Clin Transpl 1990;115-21.
41. Jain A, Demetris AJ, Kashyap R, Blakomer K, Ruppert K, Khan A et al. Does tacrolimus offer virtual freedom from chronic rejection after primary liver transplantation? Risk and prognostic factors in 1,048 liver transplantations with a mean follow-up of 6 years. Liver Transpl 2001;7:623.
42. Jain A, Mazariegos G, Pokharna R, Parizhskaya M, Kashyap R, Kosmach-Park B et al. The absence of chronic rejection in pediatric primary liver transplant patients who are maintained on tacrolimus-based immunosuppression: a long-term analysis. Transplantation 2003;75:1020-5.
43. Jain A, Reyes J, Kashyap R, Dodson SF, Demetris AJ, Ruppert K et al. Long-term survival after liver transplantation in 4 000 consecutive patients at a single center. Ann Surg 2000;232:490-500.
44. Ciccarelli O, Kaczmarek B, Roggen F, DeReyck C, Goffette P, Danse E et al. Long term medical complications and quality of life in adult recipients surviving 10 years or more after liver transplantation. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2005;68:323-30. (Pubitemid 41474741)
45. Sheiner PA, Magliocca JF, Bodian CA, Kim-Schluger L, Altaca G, Guarrera JV et al. Long-term medical complications in patients surviving ?5 years after liver transplant. Transplant 2000;69:781-9.
46. Neal DA, Tom BD, Luan J, Wareham NJ, Gimson AE, Delriviere LD et al. Is there disparity between risk and incidence of cardiovascular disease after liver transplant? Transplant 2004;77:93-9.
47. Johnston SD, Morris JK, Cramb R, Gunson BK, Neuberger J. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transplantation 2002;73:901-6.
48. Albeldawi M, Aggarwal A, Soliman M, Tamimi TA, Lopez R, Zein NN. Prediction of Cardiovascular Events Following Orthotopic Liver Transplantation. Abstract # 336. EASL 2010.
49. Pawarode A, Fine DM, Thuluvath PJ. Independent risk factors and natural history of renal dysfunction in liver transplant recipients. Liver Transpl 2003;9:741-7.
50. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1625-38.
51. Polesel J, Zucchetto A, Montella M, Dal Maso L, Crispo A, La Vecchia C et al. The impact of obesity and diabetes mellitus on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2009;20:353-7.
52. Regimbeau JM, Colombat M, Mognol P, Durand F, Abdalla E, Degott C et al. Obesity and diabetes as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl 2004;10(2 Suppl 1):S69-73.
53. Ascha MS, Hanouneh IA, Lopez R, Tamimi TA, Feldstein AF, Zein NN. The incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2010;51:1972-8.
54. McKhann CF. Primary malignancy in patients undergoing immunosuppression for renal transplantation. Transplantation 1969;8:209-12.
55. Penn I. Incidence and treatment of neoplasia after transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 1993;12(pt 2):S328.
56. Penn I, Hammond W, Brettschneider L, Starzl TE. Malignant lymphomas in transplantation patients. Transplant Proc 1969;1:106.
57. Choban P, Flancbaum L. The impact of obesity on surgical outcomes: a review. J Am Coll Surg 1997;185: 593-603. (Pubitemid 127469830)
58. Hillingso JG, Wettergren A, Hyoudo M, Kirkegaard P. Obesity increases mortality in liver transplantation - the Danish experience. Transpl Int 2005;18:1231-5.
59. Nair S, Verma S, Thuluvath PJ. Obesity and its effect on survival in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation in the United States. Hepatology 2002;35:105.
60. Braunfeld MY, Chan S, Pregler J, Neelakanta G, Sopher MJ, Busuttil RW et al. Liver transplantation in the morbidly obese. J Clin Anesth 1996;8:585-90. (Pubitemid 26347661)
61. Sawyer R, Pelletier S, Pruett T. Increased early morbidity and mortality with acceptable long-term function in severely obese patients undergoing liver transplantation. Clin Transpl 1999;13(1Pt2):126-30.
62. Keeffe EB, Gettys C, Esquivel CO. Liver transplantation in patients with severe obesity. Transplantation 1994;57:309-11.
63. Fujikawa T, Fujita S, Mizuno S, Shenkman E, Vogel B, Lipori P et al. Clinical and financial impact of obesity on the outcome of liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2006;38:3612-4. (Pubitemid 44908562)
64. Nair S, Cohen DB, Cohen MP, Tan H, Maley W, Thuluvath PJ. Postoperative morbidity, mortality, costs, and long-term survival in severely obese patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:842-5.
65. Leonard J, Heimbach JK, Malinchoc, Watt K, Charlton M. The impact of Obesity on Long-term Outcomes in Liver Transplant Recipients - Results of the NIDDK Liver Transplant Database. Am J Transplant 2008;8:667-72.
66. Dick AA, Spitzer AL, Seifert CF, Deckert A, Carithers RL Jr, Reyes JD et al. Liver transplantation at the extremes of the body mass index. Liver Transpl 2009;15.968-77.
67. John P, Thuluvath P. Outcome of patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus after liver transplantation compared with those without diabetes mellitus. Liver Transpl 2002;8:708-13.
68. John P, Thuluvath P. Outcome of liver transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus: a case-control study. Hepatology 2001;34:889-95.
69. Yoo H, Thuluvath P. The effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on outcome of liver transplantation. Transplantation 2002;74:1007-12. (Pubitemid 35191252)
70. Spitzer AL, Lao OB, Dick AA, Bakthavatsalam R, Halldorson JB, Yeh MM et al. The biopsied donor liver: Incorporating macrosteatosis into high-risk donor assessment. Liver Transpl 2010;16:874-84.