메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 329-338

Embryology of the conduction system for the electrophysiologist

Author keywords

Arrhythmia; Cardiac conduction system; Electrophysiology; Embryology

Indexed keywords

ARRHYTHMOGENESIS; ARTICLE; ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MATURATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CORONARY SINUS; DEPOLARIZATION; EMBRYOLOGY; HEART ACCESSORY CONDUCTION PATHWAY; HEART CONDUCTION; HEART CONTRACTION; HEART DEVELOPMENT; HEART ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART LEFT ATRIUM; HUMAN; MEMBRANE STEADY POTENTIAL; MESENCHYME; MUSCLE CELL; PULMONARY VEIN; PURKINJE FIBER; SYNCYTIUM;

EID: 78751491581     PISSN: None     EISSN: 09726292     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 70349439264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the cardiac conduction system: Why are some regions of the heart more arrhythmogenic than others?
    • Christoffels, V.M. and A.F. Moorman, Development of the cardiac conduction system: why are some regions of the heart more arrhythmogenic than others? Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 2009. 2:195-207.
    • (2009) Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol , vol.2 , pp. 195-207
    • Christoffels, V.M.1    Moorman, A.F.2
  • 2
    • 0033002783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diseases and gene knockouts reveal diverse connexin functions
    • White, T.W. and D.L. Paul, Genetic diseases and gene knockouts reveal diverse connexin functions. Annu Rev Physiol, 1999. 61:283-310.
    • (1999) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.61 , pp. 283-310
    • White, T.W.1    Paul, D.L.2
  • 3
    • 0028284599 scopus 로고
    • Tissue-specific determinants of anisotropic conduction velocity in canine atrial and ventricular myocardium
    • Saffitz, J.E., et al., Tissue-specific determinants of anisotropic conduction velocity in canine atrial and ventricular myocardium. Circ Res, 1994. 74:1065-70.
    • (1994) Circ Res , vol.74 , pp. 1065-1070
    • Saffitz, J.E.1
  • 4
    • 0021892784 scopus 로고
    • The Mr 28,000 gap junction proteins from rat heart and liver are different but related
    • Nicholson, B.J., et al., The Mr 28,000 gap junction proteins from rat heart and liver are different but related. J Biol Chem, 1985. 260:6514-7.
    • (1985) J Biol Chem , vol.260 , pp. 6514-6517
    • Nicholson, B.J.1
  • 5
    • 0028829253 scopus 로고
    • Developmental regulation of connexin 40 gene expression in mouse heart correlates with the differentiation of the conduction system
    • Delorme, B., et al., Developmental regulation of connexin 40 gene expression in mouse heart correlates with the differentiation of the conduction system. Dev Dyn, 1995. 204: 358-71.
    • (1995) Dev Dyn , vol.204 , pp. 358-371
    • Delorme, B.1
  • 6
    • 18244411722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downregulation of connexin 45 gene products during mouse heart development
    • Alcolea, S., et al., Downregulation of connexin 45 gene products during mouse heart development. Circ Res, 1999. 84:1365-79.
    • (1999) Circ Res , vol.84 , pp. 1365-1379
    • Alcolea, S.1
  • 7
    • 0033041407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connexin45 (alpha 6) expression delineates an extended conduction system in the embryonic and mature rodent heart
    • Coppen, S.R., N.J. Severs, and R.G. Gourdie, Connexin45 (alpha 6) expression delineates an extended conduction system in the embryonic and mature rodent heart. Dev Genet, 1999. 24:82-90.
    • (1999) Dev Genet , vol.24 , pp. 82-90
    • Coppen, S.R.1    Severs, N.J.2    Gourdie, R.G.3
  • 8
    • 0032489857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the cardiac conduction system
    • Moorman, A.F., et al., Development of the cardiac conduction system. Circ Res, 1998. 82:629-44.
    • (1998) Circ Res , vol.82 , pp. 629-644
    • Moorman, A.F.1
  • 9
    • 12844267405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basics of cardiac development for the understanding of congenital heart malformations
    • Gittenberger-de Groot, A.C., et al., Basics of cardiac development for the understanding of congenital heart malformations. Pediatr Res, 2005. 57:169-76.
    • (2005) Pediatr Res , vol.57 , pp. 169-176
    • Gittenberger-de Groot, A.C.1
  • 10
    • 70349876494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specification of the cardiac conduction system by transcription factors
    • Hatcher, C.J. and C.T. Basson, Specification of the cardiac conduction system by transcription factors. Circ Res, 2009. 105:620-30.
    • (2009) Circ Res , vol.105 , pp. 620-630
    • Hatcher, C.J.1    Basson, C.T.2
  • 11
    • 0030806299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fashioning the vertebrate heart: Earliest embryonic decisions
    • Fishman, M.C. and K.R. Chien, Fashioning the vertebrate heart: earliest embryonic decisions. Development, 1997. 124:2099-117.
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 2099-2117
    • Fishman, M.C.1    Chien, K.R.2
  • 13
    • 0036085359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and structure of the atrial septum
    • Anderson, R.H., N.A. Brown, and S. Webb, Development and structure of the atrial septum. Heart, 2002. 88:104-10.
    • (2002) Heart , vol.88 , pp. 104-110
    • Anderson, R.H.1    Brown, N.A.2    Webb, S.3
  • 14
    • 0035524601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the human pulmonary vein and its incorporation in the morphologically left atrium
    • Webb, S., et al., Development of the human pulmonary vein and its incorporation in the morphologically left atrium. Cardiol Young, 2001. 11:632-42.
    • (2001) Cardiol Young , vol.11 , pp. 632-642
    • Webb, S.1
  • 16
    • 0033926444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac and smooth muscle cell contribution to the formation of the murine pulmonary veins
    • Millino, C., et al., Cardiac and smooth muscle cell contribution to the formation of the murine pulmonary veins. Dev Dyn, 2000. 218:414-25.
    • (2000) Dev Dyn , vol.218 , pp. 414-425
    • Millino, C.1
  • 17
    • 0343632420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in development of coronary arteries and veins
    • Vrancken Peeters, M.P., et al., Differences in development of coronary arteries and veins. Cardiovasc Res, 1997. 36:101-10.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.36 , pp. 101-110
    • Vrancken, P.M.P.1
  • 18
    • 0032746876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of the left atrium: Implications for radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation
    • Ho, S.Y., et al., Anatomy of the left atrium: implications for radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 1999. 10:1525-33.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.10 , pp. 1525-1533
    • Ho, S.Y.1
  • 19
    • 0032480265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins
    • Haissaguerre, M., et al., Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med, 1998. 339:659-66.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 659-666
    • Haissaguerre, M.1
  • 20
    • 10744231837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of specialized conduction cells in human pulmonary veins of patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Perez-Lugones, A., et al., Evidence of specialized conduction cells in human pulmonary veins of patients with atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 2003. 14:803-9.
    • (2003) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.14 , pp. 803-809
    • Perez-Lugones, A.1
  • 21
    • 0141870053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular electrophysiology of canine pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes: Action potential and ionic current properties
    • Ehrlich, J.R., et al., Cellular electrophysiology of canine pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes: action potential and ionic current properties. J Physiol, 2003. 551: 801-13.
    • (2003) J Physiol , vol.551 , pp. 801-813
    • Ehrlich, J.R.1
  • 22
    • 0020640517 scopus 로고
    • Neural crest cells contribute to normal aorticopulmonary septation
    • Kirby, M.L., T.F. Gale, and D.E. Stewart, Neural crest cells contribute to normal aorticopulmonary septation. Science, 1983. 220:1059-61.
    • (1983) Science , vol.220 , pp. 1059-1061
    • Kirby, M.L.1    Gale, T.F.2    Stewart, D.E.3
  • 23
    • 0015987942 scopus 로고
    • The development of the semilunar valves in the human heart
    • Maron, B.J. and G.M. Hutchins, The development of the semilunar valves in the human heart. Am J Pathol, 1974. 74:331-44.
    • (1974) Am J Pathol , vol.74 , pp. 331-344
    • Maron, B.J.1    Hutchins, G.M.2
  • 24
    • 0031846826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the papillary muscles of the mitral valve: Morphogenetic background of parachute-like asymmetric mitral valves and other mitral valve anomalies
    • Oosthoek, P.W., et al., Development of the papillary muscles of the mitral valve: morphogenetic background of parachute-like asymmetric mitral valves and other mitral valve anomalies. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998. 116:36-46.
    • (1998) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.116 , pp. 36-46
    • Oosthoek, P.W.1
  • 25
    • 0021034947 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular false tendons in children: Prevalence as detected by 2- dimensional echocardiography and clinical significance
    • Perry, L.W., et al., Left ventricular false tendons in children: prevalence as detected by 2- dimensional echocardiography and clinical significance. Am J Cardiol, 1983. 52: 1264-6.
    • (1983) Am J Cardiol , vol.52 , pp. 1264-1266
    • Perry, L.W.1
  • 26
    • 0021979507 scopus 로고
    • Detection of left ventricular false tendons by twodimensional echocardiography
    • Pierard, L.A., L. Henrard, and J.F. Noel, Detection of left ventricular false tendons by twodimensional echocardiography. Acta Cardiol, 1985. 40:229-35.
    • (1985) Acta Cardiol , vol.40 , pp. 229-235
    • Pierard, L.A.1    Henrard, L.2    Noel, J.F.3
  • 27
    • 0042510410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiographic and morphologic examination of left ventricular false tendons in human and animal hearts
    • Kervancioglu, M., et al., Echocardiographic and morphologic examination of left ventricular false tendons in human and animal hearts. Clin Anat, 2003. 16:389-95.
    • (2003) Clin Anat , vol.16 , pp. 389-395
    • Kervancioglu, M.1
  • 28
    • 0031310558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A microscopic view of false tendons in the left ventricle of the human heart
    • Lotkowski, D., et al., A microscopic view of false tendons in the left ventricle of the human heart. Folia Morphol (Warsz), 1997. 56:31-9.
    • (1997) Folia Morphol (Warsz) , vol.56 , pp. 31-39
    • Lotkowski, D.1
  • 30
    • 0025316988 scopus 로고
    • Echocardiography and pathology of left ventricular false tendons
    • Abdulla, A.K., et al., Echocardiography and pathology of left ventricular false tendons. Chest, 1990. 98:129-32.
    • (1990) Chest , vol.98 , pp. 129-132
    • Abdulla, A.K.1
  • 31
    • 0024359318 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of conduction system fibers in the developing and adult rabbit heart revealed by an antineurofilament antibody
    • Gorza, L. and M. Vitadello, Distribution of conduction system fibers in the developing and adult rabbit heart revealed by an antineurofilament antibody. Circ Res, 1989. 65: 360-9.
    • (1989) Circ Res , vol.65 , pp. 360-369
    • Gorza, L.1    Vitadello, M.2
  • 32
    • 0037899284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the cardiac pacemaking and conduction system
    • Gourdie, R.G., et al., Development of the cardiac pacemaking and conduction system. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today, 2003. 69:46-57.
    • (2003) Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today , vol.69 , pp. 46-57
    • Gourdie, R.G.1
  • 33
    • 0017329988 scopus 로고
    • The development of the conduction system in the mouse embryo heart.II.Histogenesis of the atrioventricular node and bundle
    • Viragh, S. and C.E. Challice, The development of the conduction system in the mouse embryo heart. II. Histogenesis of the atrioventricular node and bundle. Dev Biol, 1977. 56: 397-411.
    • (1977) Dev Biol , vol.56 , pp. 397-411
    • Viragh, S.1    Challice, C.E.2
  • 34
    • 0020054766 scopus 로고
    • The development of the conduction system in the mouse embryo heart
    • Viragh, S. and C.E. Challice, The development of the conduction system in the mouse embryo heart. Dev Biol, 1982. 89:25-40.
    • (1982) Dev Biol , vol.89 , pp. 25-40
    • Viragh, S.1    Challice, C.E.2
  • 35
    • 0038707943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac chamber formation: Development, genes, and evolution
    • Moorman, A.F. and V.M. Christoffels, Cardiac chamber formation: development, genes, and evolution. Physiol Rev, 2003. 83:1223-67.
    • (2003) Physiol Rev , vol.83 , pp. 1223-1267
    • Moorman, A.F.1    Christoffels, V.M.2
  • 36
    • 0026571338 scopus 로고
    • Spatial distribution of tissue-specific antigens in the developing human heart and skeletal muscle.III.An immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of the neural tissue antigen G1N2 in the embryonic heart;implications for the development of the atrioventricular conduction system
    • Wessels, A., et al., Spatial distribution of tissue-specific antigens in the developing human heart and skeletal muscle. III. An immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of the neural tissue antigen G1N2 in the embryonic heart; implications for the development of the atrioventricular conduction system. Anat Rec, 1992. 232:97-111.
    • (1992) Anat Rec , vol.232 , pp. 97-111
    • Wessels, A.1
  • 37
    • 0034835134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A GATA-6 gene heart-region-specific enhancer provides a novel means to mark and probe a discrete component of the mouse cardiac conduction system
    • Davis, D.L., et al., A GATA-6 gene heart-region-specific enhancer provides a novel means to mark and probe a discrete component of the mouse cardiac conduction system. Mech Dev, 2001. 108:105-19.
    • (2001) Mech Dev , vol.108 , pp. 105-119
    • Davis, D.L.1
  • 38
    • 0035047603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular diversity of pacemaker ion channels
    • Kaupp, U.B. and R. Seifert, Molecular diversity of pacemaker ion channels. Annu Rev Physiol, 2001. 63:235-57.
    • (2001) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.63 , pp. 235-257
    • Kaupp, U.B.1    Seifert, R.2
  • 39
    • 0030888344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protean patterns of gene expression in the heart conduction system
    • Schiaffino, S., Protean patterns of gene expression in the heart conduction system. Circ Res, 1997. 80:749-50.
    • (1997) Circ Res , vol.80 , pp. 749-750
    • Schiaffino, S.1
  • 40
    • 1842561719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T-box transcription factor Tbx2 represses differentiation and formation of the cardiac chambers
    • Christoffels, V.M., et al., T-box transcription factor Tbx2 represses differentiation and formation of the cardiac chambers. Dev Dyn, 2004. 229:763-70.
    • (2004) Dev Dyn , vol.229 , pp. 763-770
    • Christoffels, V.M.1
  • 42
    • 33746571584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural crest cells retain multipotential characteristics in the developing valves and label the cardiac conduction system
    • Nakamura, T., M.C. Colbert, and J. Robbins, Neural crest cells retain multipotential characteristics in the developing valves and label the cardiac conduction system. Circ Res, 2006. 98:1547-54.
    • (2006) Circ Res , vol.98 , pp. 1547-1554
    • Nakamura, T.1    Colbert, M.C.2    Robbins, J.3
  • 43
    • 37249050005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin, fate, and function of epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) in normal and abnormal cardiac development
    • Lie-Venema, H., et al., Origin, fate, and function of epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) in normal and abnormal cardiac development. ScientificWorld Journal, 2007. 7: 1777-98.
    • (2007) ScientificWorld Journal , vol.7 , pp. 1777-1798
    • Lie-Venema, H.1
  • 44
    • 33845455495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epicardium-derived cells are important for correct development of the Purkinje fibers in the avian heart
    • Eralp, I., et al., Epicardium-derived cells are important for correct development of the Purkinje fibers in the avian heart. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol, 2006. 288: 1272-80.
    • (2006) Anat Rec a Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol , vol.288 , pp. 1272-1280
    • Eralp, I.1
  • 45
    • 0033539506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of Purkinje fiber differentiation by coronary arterialization
    • Hyer, J., et al., Induction of Purkinje fiber differentiation by coronary arterialization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1999. 96:13214-8.
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.96 , pp. 13214-13218
    • Hyer, J.1
  • 46
    • 0037869525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the heart: (1) formation of the cardiac chambers and arterial trunks
    • Moorman, A., et al., Development of the heart: (1) formation of the cardiac chambers and arterial trunks. Heart, 2003. 89:806-14.
    • (2003) Heart , vol.89 , pp. 806-814
    • Moorman, A.1
  • 47
    • 0030045347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of the atrioventricular junction in the human heart
    • Wessels, A., et al., The development of the atrioventricular junction in the human heart. Circ Res, 1996. 78:110-7.
    • (1996) Circ Res , vol.78 , pp. 110-117
    • Wessels, A.1
  • 49
    • 0023896703 scopus 로고
    • Nodoventricular accessory pathway: Evidence for a distinct accessory atrioventricular pathway with atrioventricular node-like properties
    • Klein, G.J., et al.,Nodoventricular accessory pathway: evidence for a distinct accessory atrioventricular pathway with atrioventricular node-like properties. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1988. 11:1035-40.
    • (1988) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.11 , pp. 1035-1040
    • Klein, G.J.1
  • 50
    • 20244362382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the right ventricular inflow tract and moderator band: A possible morphological and functional explanation for Mahaim tachycardia
    • Jongbloed, M.R., et al., Development of the right ventricular inflow tract and moderator band: a possible morphological and functional explanation for Mahaim tachycardia. Circ Res, 2005. 96:776-83.
    • (2005) Circ Res , vol.96 , pp. 776-783
    • Jongbloed, M.R.1
  • 51
    • 0032479573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital heart disease caused by mutations in the transcription factor NKX2-5
    • Schott, J.J., et al., Congenital heart disease caused by mutations in the transcription factor NKX2-5. Science, 1998. 281:108-11.
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 108-111
    • Schott, J.J.1
  • 52
    • 75549091306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of the coronary sinus venous system for the cardiac electrophysiologist
    • Habib, A., et al., The anatomy of the coronary sinus venous system for the cardiac electrophysiologist. Europace, 2009. 11 Suppl 5:15-21.
    • (2009) Europace , vol.11 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 15-21
    • Habib, A.1
  • 53
    • 0034086580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital malformations of the right atrium and the coronary sinus: An analysis based on 103 cases reported in the literature and two additional cases
    • Binder, T.M., et al., Congenital malformations of the right atrium and the coronary sinus: an analysis based on 103 cases reported in the literature and two additional cases. Chest, 2000. 117:1740-8.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.117 , pp. 1740-1748
    • Binder, T.M.1
  • 54
    • 0023720014 scopus 로고
    • The coronary sinus diverticulum: A pathologic entity associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
    • Guiraudon, G.M., et al., The coronary sinus diverticulum: a pathologic entity associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Am J Cardiol, 1988. 62:733-5.
    • (1988) Am J Cardiol , vol.62 , pp. 733-735
    • Guiraudon, G.M.1
  • 55
    • 0022462008 scopus 로고
    • Congenital diverticulum of the heart arising from the coronary sinus
    • Di Segni, E., A. Siegal, and M. Katzenstein, Congenital diverticulum of the heart arising from the coronary sinus. Br Heart J, 1986. 56: 380-4.
    • (1986) Br Heart J , vol.56 , pp. 380-384
    • Segni di, E.1    Siegal, A.2    Katzenstein, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.