메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 241-252

The Economic and Educational State of Black Americans in the 21st Century: Should We be Optimistic or Concerned?

Author keywords

Education; Educational status; Racial inequality

Indexed keywords


EID: 78650303459     PISSN: 00346446     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12114-010-9065-z     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (20)

References (30)
  • 1
    • 0009249533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in access to high-paying jobs and the wage gap between black and white women
    • Anderson D, Shapiro D. Racial differences in access to high-paying jobs and the wage gap between black and white women. Ind Labor Relat Rev. 1996; 49: 273-86.
    • (1996) Ind Labor Relat Rev , vol.49 , pp. 273-286
    • Anderson, D.1    Shapiro, D.2
  • 2
    • 0041157054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do the determinants of promotion differ for blacks and whites?
    • Baldi S, McBrier DB. Do the determinants of promotion differ for blacks and whites? Work Occup. 1997; 24: 478-97.
    • (1997) Work Occup , vol.24 , pp. 478-497
    • Baldi, S.1    McBrier, D.B.2
  • 4
    • 4143057034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, gender, and workplace power
    • Elliott JR, Smith RA. Race, gender, and workplace power. Am Sociol Rev. 2004; 69: 365-86.
    • (2004) Am Sociol Rev , vol.69 , pp. 365-386
    • Elliott, J.R.1    Smith, R.A.2
  • 6
    • 0000403643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appropriate tests of racial wage discrimination require controls for cognitive skills
    • Farkas G, Vicknair K. Appropriate tests of racial wage discrimination require controls for cognitive skills. Am Sociol Rev. 1996; 61: 557-660.
    • (1996) Am Sociol Rev , vol.61 , pp. 557-660
    • Farkas, G.1    Vicknair, K.2
  • 8
    • 0001908220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why did the black-white test score gap converge in the 1970 s and 1980 s?
    • C. Jencks and M. Phillips (Eds.), Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution
    • Grissmer D, Flanagan A, Williamson S. Why did the black-white test score gap converge in the 1970 s and 1980 s? In: Jencks C, Phillips M, editors. The black-white test score gap. Washington, D. C: Brookings Institution; 1998. p. 182-226.
    • (1998) The Black-White Test Score Gap , pp. 182-226
    • Grissmer, D.1    Flanagan, A.2    Williamson, S.3
  • 10
    • 0002939539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black-white test score convergence since 1965
    • C. Jencks and M. Phillips (Eds.), Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Hedges LV, Nowell A. Black-white test score convergence since 1965. In: Jencks C, Phillips M, editors. The black-white test score gap. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press; 1998. p. 149-81.
    • (1998) The Black-White Test Score Gap , pp. 149-181
    • Hedges, L.V.1    Nowell, A.2
  • 11
    • 0033238666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the black-white gap in achievement test scores
    • Hedges LV, Nowell A. Changes in the black-white gap in achievement test scores. Sociol Educ. 1999; 72: 111-35.
    • (1999) Sociol Educ , vol.72 , pp. 111-135
    • Hedges, L.V.1    Nowell, A.2
  • 12
    • 84865440275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic mobility of black and white families
    • Pew Charitable Trust
    • Isaacs JB. Economic mobility of black and white families. Economic Mobility Project, Pew Charitable Trust; 2007.
    • (2007) Economic Mobility Project
    • Isaacs, J.B.1
  • 13
    • 0002780830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The black-white test score gap: an introduction
    • C. Jencks and M. Phillips (Eds.), Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Jencks C, Phillips M. The black-white test score gap: an introduction. In: Jencks C, Phillips M, editors. The black-white test score gap. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press; 1998. p. 1-51.
    • (1998) The Black-White Test Score Gap , pp. 1-51
    • Jencks, C.1    Phillips, M.2
  • 14
    • 0003165738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial and ethnic preferences in college admissions
    • C. Jencks and M. Phillips (Eds.), Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Kane TJ. Racial and ethnic preferences in college admissions. In: Jencks C, Phillips M, editors. The black-white test score gap. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press; 1998. p. 431-56.
    • (1998) The Black-White Test Score Gap , pp. 431-456
    • Kane, T.J.1
  • 15
    • 21844509303 scopus 로고
    • College selectivity and earnings
    • Loury LD, Garman D. College selectivity and earnings. J Labor Econ. 1995; 13: 289-308.
    • (1995) J Labor Econ , vol.13 , pp. 289-308
    • Loury, L.D.1    Garman, D.2
  • 16
    • 0030430296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of premarket factors in black-white wage differences
    • Neal DA, Johnson WR. The role of premarket factors in black-white wage differences. J Polit Econ. 1996; 104: 869-95.
    • (1996) J Polit Econ , vol.104 , pp. 869-895
    • Neal, D.A.1    Johnson, W.R.2
  • 17
    • 0030541416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical discrimination and the early career evolution of the black-white wage gap
    • Oettinger GS. Statistical discrimination and the early career evolution of the black-white wage gap. J Labor Econ. 1996; 14: 52-78.
    • (1996) J Labor Econ , vol.14 , pp. 52-78
    • Oettinger, G.S.1
  • 18
    • 0002827312 scopus 로고
    • The role of human capital in earnings differences between black and white men
    • O'Neill J. The role of human capital in earnings differences between black and white men. J Econ Perspect. 1990; 4: 25-45.
    • (1990) J Econ Perspect , vol.4 , pp. 25-45
    • O'Neill, J.1
  • 19
    • 0040745836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, income, and authority at work: a cross-temporal analysis of black and white men (1972-1994)
    • Smith RA. Race, income, and authority at work: a cross-temporal analysis of black and white men (1972-1994). Soc Probl. 1997; 44: 19-37.
    • (1997) Soc Probl , vol.44 , pp. 19-37
    • Smith, R.A.1
  • 20
    • 78650310812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment trends in a contemporary policy context
    • D. W. Grissmer and J. M. Ross (Eds.), Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
    • Smith MS. Assessment trends in a contemporary policy context. In: Grissmer DW, Ross JM, editors. Analytic essays in the assessment of student achievement (NCES 2000-050). Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics; 2000. p. 264-72.
    • (2000) Analytic Essays in the Assessment of Student Achievement (NCES 2000-050) , pp. 264-272
    • Smith, M.S.1
  • 21
    • 0035498108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particularism in control over monetary resources at work: an analysis of racial ethnic differences in the authority outcomes of black, white, and latino men
    • Smith RA. Particularism in control over monetary resources at work: an analysis of racial ethnic differences in the authority outcomes of black, white, and latino men. Work Occup. 2001; 28: 447-68.
    • (2001) Work Occup , vol.28 , pp. 447-468
    • Smith, R.A.1
  • 22
    • 17744383791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do the determinants of promotion differ for white men versus women and minorities?: an exploration of intersectionalism through sponsored and contest mobility processes
    • Smith RA. Do the determinants of promotion differ for white men versus women and minorities?: an exploration of intersectionalism through sponsored and contest mobility processes. Am Behav Sci. 2005; 48: 1157-81.
    • (2005) Am Behav Sci , vol.48 , pp. 1157-1181
    • Smith, R.A.1
  • 23
    • 20644434899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affirmative action: legislative history, judicial interpretations, public consensus
    • N. J. Smelser, W. J. Wilson, and F. Mitchell (Eds.), Washington, DC: National Academy Press
    • Swain CM. Affirmative action: legislative history, judicial interpretations, public consensus. In: Smelser NJ, Wilson WJ, Mitchell F, editors. America becoming: racial trends and their consequences, vol. I. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001. p. 318-47.
    • (2001) America Becoming: Racial Trends and Their Consequences , vol.I , pp. 318-347
    • Swain, C.M.1
  • 25
    • 27744550328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race and the accumulation of human capital across the career: a theoretical model and fixed-effects application
    • Tomaskovic-Devey D, Thomas M, Johnson K. Race and the accumulation of human capital across the career: a theoretical model and fixed-effects application. Am J Sociol. 2005; 111: 58-89.
    • (2005) Am J Sociol , vol.111 , pp. 58-89
    • Tomaskovic-Devey, D.1    Thomas, M.2    Johnson, K.3
  • 28
    • 78650307373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U. S. Bureau of the Census. Table 1 by type of asset owned and selected characteristics: 2002
    • U. S. Bureau of the Census. Table 1. Median value of assets for households, by type of asset owned and selected characteristics: 2002; 2009b.
    • (2009) Median value of assets for households
  • 29
    • 0002331656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scholastic aptitude test scores, race, and academic performance in selective colleges and universities
    • C. Jencks and M. Phillips (Eds.), Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Vars FE, Bowen WG. Scholastic aptitude test scores, race, and academic performance in selective colleges and universities. In: Jencks C, Phillips M, editors. The black-white test score gap. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press; 1998. p. 457-79.
    • (1998) The Black-White Test Score Gap , pp. 457-479
    • Vars, F.E.1    Bowen, W.G.2
  • 30
    • 85001195520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaching the top: racial differences in mobility paths to upper-tier occupations
    • Wilson G, Sakura-Lemessy I, West JP. Reaching the top: racial differences in mobility paths to upper-tier occupations. Work Occup. 1999; 26: 165-86.
    • (1999) Work Occup , vol.26 , pp. 165-186
    • Wilson, G.1    Sakura-Lemessy, I.2    West, J.P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.