Urinary biomarkers in acute kidney transplant dysfunction

Nephron - Clinical Practice

Volumn 118, Issue 2, 2011, Pages

  Alachkar, Nada ^a   Rabb, Hamid ^a   Jaar, Bernard G ^a,b,c  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c NEPHROLOGY CENTER OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

Acute kidney injury; Acute rejection; Kidney transplant; Urinary biomarker

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN; BETA 2 MICROGLOBULIN; BETA DEFENSIN 1; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CD103 ANTIGEN; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR1; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR1; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR3; CXCL16 CHEMOKINE; CYCLIC GMP; FAS LIGAND; GAMMA INTERFERON; GAMMA INTERFERON INDUCIBLE PROTEIN 10; GRANZYME B; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 5; INTERLEUKIN 6; MESSENGER RNA; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN; NITRATE; NITRITE; PERFORIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXP3; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNINDEXED DRUG; UROKINASE; VASCULOTROPIN;

GENOMICS; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HUMAN; ISCHEMIA; KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT REJECTION; KIDNEY BIOPSY; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; MATRIX ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION IONIZATION TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY; MEDICAL LITERATURE; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEOMICS; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RENAL GRAFT DYSFUNCTION; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CYTOKINES; GRAFT REJECTION; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HUMANS; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 78650037421     PISSN: 16602110     EISSN: 16602110     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000321381     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Based on OPTN data as of April 2, 2010. http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov. Accessed April 10, 2010.
2. Rai AJ, Zhang Z, Rosenzweig J, Shih I, Pham T, Fung ET, Sokoll LJ, Chan DW: Proteomic approaches to tumor marker discovery. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002; 126: 1518-1526.
3. Mehta T, Ardekani MS, Rabb H: Biomarkers in kidney transplantation; in Biomarkers in Renal Disease. New York, Nova Science, 2008, pp 99-126.
4. Schaub S, Wilkins JA, Nickerson P: Proteomics and renal transplantation: Searching for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger, 2008, vol 160, pp 65-75.
5. Schaub S, Rush D, Wilkins J, Gibson IW, Weiler T, Sangster K, Nicolle L, Karpinski M, Jeffery J, Nickerson P: Proteomic-based detection of urine proteins associated with acute renal allograft rejection. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 219-227. (Pubitemid 38020714)
6. Clarke W, Silverman BC, Zhang Z, Chan DW, Klein AS, Molmenti EP: Characterization of renal allograft rejection by urinary proteomic analysis. Ann Surg 2003; 237: 660-664.
7. 2-microglobulin is associated with acute renal allograft rejection. Am J Kidney Dis 2006; 47: 898-904.
8. 2-microglobulin as a potential marker for acute tubular injury in renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2005; 5: 729-738. (Pubitemid 40461282)
9. O'Riordan E, Orlova TN, Podust VN, Chander PN, Yanagi S, Nakazato M, Hu R, Butt K, Delaney V, Goligorsky MS: Characterization of urinary peptide biomarkers of acute rejection in renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2007; 7: 930-940. (Pubitemid 46481208)
10. Sarwal MM, Li L: Designer genes: Filling the gap in transplantation. Transplantation 2006; 82: 1261-1272. (Pubitemid 44832907)
11. Larson RS, Springer TA: Structure and function of leukocyte integrins. Immunol Rev 1990; 114: 181-217. (Pubitemid 20141073)
12. Cerf-Bensussan N, Jarry A, Brousse N, Lisowska-Grospierre B, Guy-Grand D, Griscelli C: A monoclonal antibody (HML-1) defining a novel membrane molecule present on human intestinal lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol 1987; 17: 1279-1285. (Pubitemid 17148167)
13. Karecla PI, Bowden SJ, Green SJ, Kilshaw PJ: Recognition of E-cadherin on epithelial cells by the mucosal T cell integrin-α M290 β 7 ( αE β 7). Eur J Immunol 1995; 25: 852-856.
14. Cepek KL, Shaw SK, Parker CM, Russell GJ, Morrow JS, Rimm DL, Brenner MB: Adhesion between epithelial cells and T lymphocytes mediated by E-cadherin and the α E β 7 integrin. Nature 1994; 372: 190-193.
15. Hadley GA, Bartlett ST, Via CS, Rostapshova EA, Moainie S: The epithelial cell-specific integrin, CD103 (α E integrin), defines a novel subset of alloreactive CD8+ CTL. J Immunol 1997; 159: 3748-3756. (Pubitemid 127469629)
16. Ding R, Li B, Muthukumar T, Dadhania D, Medeiros M, Hartono C, Serur D, Seshan SV, Sharma VK, Kapur S, Suthanthiran M: CD103 mRNA levels in urinary cells predict acute rejection of renal allografts. Transplantation 2003; 75: 1307-1312. (Pubitemid 36513039)
17. Kotsch K, Mashreghi MF, Bold G, Tretow P, Beyer J, Matz M, Hoerstrup J, Pratschke J, Ding R, Suthanthiran M, Volk H, Reinke P: Enhanced granulysin mRNA expression in urinary sediment in early and delayed acute renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 2004; 77: 1866-1875. (Pubitemid 38822210)
18. Yannaraki M, Rebibou J, Ducloux D, Saas P, Duperrier A, Felix S, Rifle G, Chalopin J, Hervé P, Tiberghien P, Ferrand C: Urinary cytotoxic molecular markers for a noninvasive diagnosis in acute renal transplant rejection. Transpl Int 2006; 19: 759-768. (Pubitemid 44196165)
19. Tatapudi RR, Muthukumar T, Dadhania D, Ding R, Li B, Sharma VK, Lozada-Pastorio E, Seetharamu N, Hartono C, Serur D, Seshan SV, Kapur S, Hancock WW, Suthanthiran M: Noninvasive detection of renal allograft inflammation by measurements of mRNA for IP-10 and CXCR3 in urine. Kidney Int 2004; 65: 2390-2397. (Pubitemid 38670025)
20. Sykes M: Immune tolerance: Mechanisms and application in clinical transplantation. J Intern Med 2007; 262: 288-310. (Pubitemid 47246976)
21. Long E, Wood KJ: Understanding FOXP3: Progress towards achieving transplantation tolerance. Transplantation 2007; 84: 459-461. (Pubitemid 47312153)
22. Ziegler SF: FOXP3: Of mice and men. Annu Rev Immunol 2006; 24: 209-226.
23. Zheng Y, Josefowicz SZ, Kas A, Chu T, Gavin MA, Rudensky AY: Genome-wide analysis of Foxp3 target genes in developing and mature regulatory T cells. Nature 2007; 445: 936-940.
24. Belkaid Y: Regulatory T cells and infection: A dangerous necessity. Nat Rev Immunol 2007; 7: 875-888. (Pubitemid 350006238)
25. Wan YY, Flavell RA: Regulatory T cells, transforming growth factor-β, and immune suppression. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2007; 4: 271-276. (Pubitemid 47036448)
26. Ueha S, Yoneyama H, Hontsu S, Kurachi M, Kitabatake M, Abe J, Yoshie O, Shibayama S, Sugiyama T, Matsushima K: CCR7 mediates the migration of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells to the paracortical areas of peripheral lymph nodes through high endothelial venules. J Leukoc Biol 2007; 82: 1230-1238. (Pubitemid 350133521)
27. Menning A, Höpken UE, Siegmund K, Lipp M, Hamann A, Huehn J: Distinctive role of CCR7 in migration and functional activity of naive- and effector/memory-like Treg subsets. Eur J Immunol 2007; 37: 1575-1583. (Pubitemid 46939492)
28. Garrod KR, Chang CK, Liu F, Brennan TV, Foster RD, Kang S: Targeted lymphoid homing of dendritic cells is required for prolongation of allograft survival. J Immunol 2006; 177: 863-868. (Pubitemid 44036586)
29. Tosello V, Odunsi K, Souleimanian NE, Lele S, Shrikant P, Old LJ, Valmori D, Ayyoub M: Differential expression of CCR7 defines two distinct subsets of human memory CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Clin Immunol 2008; 126: 291-302.
30. Schneider MA, Meingassner JG, Lipp M, Moore HD, Rot A: CCR7 is required for the in vivo function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 2007; 204: 735-745. (Pubitemid 46631604)
31. Alvarez CM, Opelz G, Garcia LF, Süsal C: Expression of regulatory T-cell-related molecule genes and clinical outcome in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation 2009; 87: 857-863.
32. Veronese F, Rotman S, Smith RN, Pelle TD, Farrell ML, Kawai T, Benedict Cosimi A, Colvin RB: Pathological and clinical correlates of FOXP3+ cells in renal allografts during acute rejection. Am J Transplant 2007; 7: 914-922. (Pubitemid 46481190)
33. Velthuis JHL, Mol WM, Weimar W, Baan CC: CD4+CD25bright+ regulatory T cells can mediate donor nonreactivity in longterm immunosuppressed kidney allograft patients. Am J Transplant 2006; 6: 2955-2964.
34. Muthukumar T, Dadhania D, Ding R, Snopkowski C, Naqvi R, Lee JB, Hartono C, Li B, Sharma VK, Seshan SV, Kapur S, Hancock WW, Schwartz JE, Suthanthiran M: Messenger RNA for FOXP3 in the urine of renalallograft recipients. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2342-2351. (Pubitemid 41713746)
35. Aquino-Dias EC, Joelsons G, da Silva DM, Berdichevski RH, Berdichewski RH, Ribeiro AR, Veronese FJV, Veronose FJV, Gonçalves LF, Manfro RC: Non-invasive diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplants with delayed graft function. Kidney Int 2008; 73: 877-884. (Pubitemid 351398287)
36. Supavekin S, Zhang W, Kucherlapati R, Kaskel FJ, Moore LC, Devarajan P: Differential gene expression following early renal ischemia/reperfusion. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 1714-1724. (Pubitemid 36513317)
37. Schaub S, Mayr M, Hönger G, Bestland J, Steiger J, Regeniter A, Mihatsch MJ, Wilkins JA, Rush D, Nickerson P: Detection of subclinical tubular injury after renal transplantation: Comparison of urine protein analysis with allograft histopathology. Transplantation 2007; 84: 104-112. (Pubitemid 47094649)
38. Devarajan P: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: A new marker of kidney disease. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl 2008; 241: 89-94. (Pubitemid 351883665)
39. Hancock WW, Wang L, Ye Q, Han R, Lee I: Chemokines and their receptors as markers of allograft rejection and targets for immunosuppression. Curr Opin Immunol 2003; 15: 479-486. (Pubitemid 37130185)
40. Akalin E, Hendrix RC, Polavarapu RG, Pearson TC, Neylan JF, Larsen CP, Lakkis FG: Gene expression analysis in human renal allograft biopsy samples using high-density oligoarray technology. Transplantation 2001; 72: 948-953. (Pubitemid 32879872)
41. Jiménez R, Ramírez R, Carracedo J, Agüera M, Navarro D, Santamaría R, Pérez R, Del Castillo D, Aljama P: Cytometric bead array for the measurement of cytokines in urine and plasma of patients undergoing renal rejection. Cytokine 2005; 32: 45-50. (Pubitemid 41405783)
42. Smith SD, Wheeler MA, Lorber MI, Weiss RM: Temporal changes of cytokines and nitric oxide products in urine from renal transplant patients. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 829-837. (Pubitemid 30620033)
43. Di Paolo S, Gesualdo L, Stallone G, Ranieri E, Schena FP: Renal expression and urinary concentration of EGF and IL-6 in acutely dysfunctioning kidney transplanted patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 2687-2693. (Pubitemid 27520696)
44. Kaden J, Priesterjahn R: Increasing urinary IL-6 levels announce kidney graft rejection. Transpl Int 2000; 13(suppl 1):S34-S41.
45. Fischer K, Hamza A, Eismann R, Amoury M, Heynemann H, Fornara P: Differential diagnostic use of interleukin patterns in patients being monitored after transplantation. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 310: 71-80. (Pubitemid 32727319)
46. Prodjosudjadi W, Daha MR, Gerritsma JS, Florijn KW, Barendregt JN, Bruijn JA, van der Woude FJ, van Es LA: Increased urinary excretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1 during acute renal allograft rejection. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996; 11: 1096-1103. (Pubitemid 26182505)
47. Dubinski B, Boratynska M, Kopec W, Szyber P, Patrzalek D, Klinger M: Activated cells in urine and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1- sensitive rejection markers in renal graft recipients. Transpl Immunol 2008; 18: 203-207. (Pubitemid 350151854)
48. Brown FG, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Chadban SJ, Dowling J, Jose M, Metz CN, Bucala R, Atkins RC: Urine macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations as a diagnostic tool in human renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 2001; 71: 1777-1783. (Pubitemid 32622490)
49. Hauser IA, Spiegler S, Kiss E, Gauer S, Sichler O, Scheuermann EH, Ackermann H, Pfeilschifter JM, Geiger H, Gröne H, Radeke HH: Prediction of acute renal allograft rejection by urinary monokine induced by IFN-α J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 1849-1858. (Pubitemid 41716493)
50. Hu H, Aizenstein BD, Puchalski A, Burmania JA, Hamawy MM, Knechtle SJ: Elevation of CXCR3-binding chemokines in urine indicates acute renal-allograft dysfunction. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 432-437. (Pubitemid 38282301)
51. Panzer U, Reinking RR, Steinmetz OM, Zahner G, Sudbeck U, Fehr S, Pfalzer B, Schneider A, Thaiss F, Mack M, Conrad S, Huland H, Helmchen U, Stahl RAK: CXCR3 and CCR5 positive T-cell recruitment in acute human renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 2004; 78: 1341-1350. (Pubitemid 39507974)
52. Taupin JL, Morel D, Moreau JF, Gualde N, Potaux L, Bezian JH: HILDA/LIF urinary excretion during acute kidney rejection. Transplantation 1992; 53: 655-658.
53. Teppo AM, von Willebrand E, Honkanen E, Ahonen J, Grönhagen-Riska C: Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) after kidney transplantation: The origin and role of urinary sICAM-1? Transplantation 2001; 71: 1113-1119. (Pubitemid 32448828)
54. Lederer SR, Friedrich N, Regenbogen C, Getto R, Toepfer M, Sitter T: Non-invasive monitoring of renal transplant recipients: Urinary excretion of soluble adhesion molecules and of the complement-split product C4d. Nephron Clin Pract 2003; 94:c19-c26.
55. Whittle C, Gillespie K, Harrison R, Mathieson PW, Harper SJ: Heterogeneous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoform mRNA and receptor mRNA expression in human glomeruli, and the identification of VEGF148 mRNA, a novel truncated splice variant. Clin Sci 1999; 97: 303-312. (Pubitemid 29425324)
56. Rintala SE, Savikko J, Rintala JM, von Willebrand E: Vascular endothelial growth factor ligand and receptor induction in rat renal allograft rejection. Transplant Proc 2006; 38: 3236-3238. (Pubitemid 44908436)
57. Xiong M, Elson G, Legarda D, Leibovich SJ: Production of vascular endothelial growth factor by murine macrophages: Regulation by hypoxia, lactate, and the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway. Am J Pathol 1998; 153: 587-598. (Pubitemid 28373669)
58. Sunderkötter C, Steinbrink K, Goebeler M, Bhardwaj R, Sorg C: Macrophages and angiogenesis. J Leukoc Biol 1994; 55: 410-422. (Pubitemid 24097250)
59. Shahbazi M, Fryer AA, Pravica V, Brogan IJ, Ramsay HM, Hutchinson IV, Harden PN: Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms are associated with acute renal allograft rejection. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13: 260-264. (Pubitemid 34042036)
60. Watson CJ, Webb NJ, Bottomley MJ, Brenchley PE: Identification of polymorphisms within the vascular endothelial growth factor gene: Correlation with variation in VEGF protein production. Cytokine 2000; 12: 1232-1235. (Pubitemid 30611801)
61. Peng W, Chen J, Jiang Y, Shou Z, Chen Y, Wang H: Acute renal allograft rejection is associated with increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the urine. Nephrology (Carlton) 2008; 13: 73-79.
62. Roelofs JJTH, Rowshani AT, van den Berg JG, Claessen N, Aten J, ten Berge IJM, Weening JJ, Florquin S: Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator and its receptor during acute renal allograft rejection. Kidney Int 2003; 64: 1845-1853. (Pubitemid 37323716)
63. Parikh CR, Jani A, Mishra J, Ma Q, Kelly C, Barasch J, Edelstein CL, Devarajan P: Urine NGAL and IL-18 are predictive biomarkers for delayed graft function following kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2006; 6: 1639-1645. (Pubitemid 43945804)
64. Schramme A, Abdel-Bakky MS, Gutwein P, Obermüller N, Baer PC, Hauser IA, Ludwig A, Gauer S, Schäfer L, Sobkowiak E, Altevogt P, Koziolek M, Kiss E, Gröne H, Tikkanen R, Goren I, Radeke H, Pfeilschifter J: Characterization of CXCL16 and ADAM10 in the normal and transplanted kidney. Kidney Int 2008; 74: 328-338. (Pubitemid 352001245)
65. Kwon O, Molitoris BA, Pescovitz M, Kelly KJ: Urinary actin, interleukin-6, and interleukin- 8 may predict sustained ARF after ischemic injury in renal allografts. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41: 1074-1087. (Pubitemid 36532143)
66. Boratynska M: Monitoring of interleukin-8 in urine and in serum of patients after kidney transplantation. Przegl Lek 1998; 55: 576-580.