The basic psychological needs in exercise scale: Translation and evidence for cross-cultural validity

International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 394-412

  Vlachopoulos, Symeon P ^a   Ntoumanis, Nikos ^b   Smith, Alison L ^b  

^a ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Crosscultural equivalence; Multi group confirmatory factor analysis; Physical activity; Psychological need satisfaction; Self determination theory

Indexed keywords

EID: 78649980850     PISSN: 1612197X     EISSN: 1557251X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/1612197X.2010.9671960     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Bagozzi, R. P. (1981). An examination of the validity of two models of attitude. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 16, 323-359.
2. Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 74-94.
3. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
4. Bentler, P.M. (2003). EQS 6.1 for Windows [Computer software]. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software.
5. Biddle, S. J. H., Fox, K. R., & Boutcher, S. H. (2000). Physical activity and psychological well-being. London: Routledge.
6. Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley.
7. Bostic, T. J., Rubio, D. M., & Hood, M. (2000). A validation of the Subjective Vitality Scale using structural equation modeling. Social Indicators Research, 52, 313-324.
8. Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & S. J. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 445-455). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
9. Bouchard, C., Shephard, R. J., & Stephens, T. (Eds.). (1994). Physical activity, fitness, and health: The consensus statement. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
10. Byrne, B. M. (1998). Structural equation modeling with LISREL, PRELIS, and SIMPLIS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
11. Byrne, B. M. (2000). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
12. Byrne, B. M. (2006). Structural equation modeling with EQS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
13. Byrne, B. M., Shavelson, R. J., & Muthen, B. (1989). Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 456-466.
14. Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 233-255.
15. Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-334.
16. Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 52, 281-302.
17. Duda, J. L., & Allison, M. T. (1990). Cross-cultural analysis in exercise and sport psychology: A void in the field. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12, 114-131.
18. Edmunds, J., Ntoumanis, N., & Duda, J. L. (2006). A test of self-determination theory in the exercise domain. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36, 2240-2265.
19. Edmunds, J., Ntoumanis, N., & Duda, J. L. (2007). Adherence and well-being in overweight and obese patients referred to an exercise on prescription scheme: A self-determination theory perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8, 722-740.
20. Evelein, F., Korthagen, F., & Brekelmans, M. (2008). Fulfillment of the basic psychological needs of student teachers during their first teaching experiences. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24, 1137-1148.
21. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-50.
22. Godin, G., & Shepard, R. J. (1985). A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Science, 10, 141-146.
23. Gregorich, S. E. (2006). Do self-report instruments allow meaningful comparisons across diverse population groups? Testing measurement invariance using the confirmatory factor analysis framework. Medical Care, 44, S78-S94.
24. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
25. Jacobs, D. R., Ainsworth, B. E., Hartman, T. J., & Leon, A. S. (1993). A simultaneous evaluation of 10 commonly used physical activity questionnaires. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 25, 81-91.
26. Kline, P. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. London: Routledge.
27. Li, F. (1999). The Exercise Motivation Scale: Its multifaceted structure and construct validity. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 11, 97-115.
28. Li, F., Harmer, P., & Acock, A. (1996). The task and ego orientation in sport questionnaire: Construct equivalence and mean differences across gender. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 68, 228-238.
29. Little, T. D. (1997). Mean and covariance structures (MACS) analyses of cross-cultural data: Practical and theoretical issues. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 32, 53-76.
30. Malpass, R. S. (1977). Theory and method in cross-cultural psychology. American Psychologist, 32, 1069-1079.
31. Markland, D., & Ingledew, D. K. (2007). The relationships between body mass and body image and relative autonomy for exercise among adolescent males and females. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8, 836-853.
32. Markland, D., & Tobin, V. (2004). A modification of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 26, 191-196.
33. Messick, S. (1995). Validity of psychological assessment: Validation of inferences from persons' responses and performances as scientific inquiry into score meaning. American Psychologist, 50, 741-749.
34. Millsap, R. E., & Everson, H. (1991). Confirmatory measurement model comparisons using latent means. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 26, 479-497.
35. Pleis, J.R., & Lethbridge-Cejku, M. (2006). Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National health interview survey, 2005. Vital Health Statistics, 10, 232.
36. Riordan, C. M., & Vanderberg, R. J. (1994). A central question in cross-cultural research: Do employees of different cultures interpret work-related measures in an equivalent manner? Journal of Management, 20, 643-671.
37. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2002). An overview of Self-Determination Theory: An organismic-dialectical perspective. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3-33). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
38. Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. (1997). On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. Journal of Personality, 65, 529-565.
39. Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2001) A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507-514.
40. Sheldon, K. M., & Filak, V. (2008). Manipulating autonomy, competence, and relatedness support in a game-learning context: New evidence that all three needs matter. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47, 267-283.
41. Steenkamp, J. E. M., & Baumgartner, H. (1998). Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 25, 78-90.
42. Sue, S. (1999). Science, ethnicity, and bias: Where have we gone wrong? American Psychologist, 54, 1070-1077.
43. Tayeb, M. (1994). Organizations and national culture: Methodology considered. Organization Studies, 15, 429-446.
44. Vallerand, R. J. (1989). Vers une mèthodologie de validation trans-culturelle de questionnaires psychologiques: Implications pour la recherche en langue française [Toward a methodology of cross-cultural validation of psychological questionnaires: Implications for research in French]. Psychologie Canadienne, 30, 662-680.
45. Vallerand, R. J. (2001). A hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport and exercise. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 263-319). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
46. Vansteenkiste, M., Neyrinck, B., Niemiec, C. P., Soenens, B., De Witte, H., & Van den Broeck, A. (2007). On the relations among work value orientations, psychological need satisfaction and job outcomes: A self-determination theory approach. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80, 251-277.
47. Vlachopoulos, S. P. (2007). Psychometric evaluation of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale in community exercise programs: A cross-validation approach. Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 4, 52-74.
48. Vlachopoulos, S. P. (2008). The Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale: Measurement invariance over gender. Structural Equation Modeling, 15, 114-135.
49. Vlachopoulos, S. P., & Michailidou, S. (2006). Development and initial validation of a measure of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in exercise: The Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 10, 179-201.
50. Vlachopoulos, S. P., & Neikou, E. (2007). A prospective study of the relationships of autonomy, competence, and relatedness with exercise attendance, adherence, and dropout. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47, 475-482.
51. Williams, G. C., Grow, V. M., Freedman, Z. R., Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (1996). Motivational predictors of weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 115-126.
52. Wilson, P. M., Rogers, W. T., Rodgers, W. M., & Wild, T. C. (2006). The Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 28, 231-251.