Phylogenetics of the pademelons (Macropodidae: Thylogale) and historical biogeography of the Australo-Papuan region

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Volumn 57, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 1134-1148

  Macqueen, Peggy ^a   Seddon, Jennifer M ^a   Austin, Jeremy J ^b,c   Hamilton, Steven ^d   Goldizen, Anne W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^c MUSEUM VICTORIA   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Australia; Glacial cycles; Marsupial; New Guinea; Nuclear intron; Pademelon; Pleistocene; Thylogale; Torres Strait

Indexed keywords

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; BAYES THEOREM; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CELL NUCLEUS; CLASSIFICATION; DNA SEQUENCE; GENETICS; MARSUPIAL; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; PAPUA NEW GUINEA; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; STATISTICAL MODEL;

ANIMALS; AUSTRALIA; BAYES THEOREM; CELL NUCLEUS; DNA, MITOCHONDRIAL; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS; MACROPODIDAE; MODELS, GENETIC; NEW GUINEA; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA;

CHOERODON; MACROPODIDAE; MAMMALIA; METATHERIA; THYLOGALE; THYLOGALE STIGMATICA; VERTEBRATA; ZANCLEA;

EID: 78649653037     PISSN: 10557903     EISSN: 10959513     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.08.010     Document Type: Article

References (113)

1. Abbott L.D., Silver E.A., Thompson P.R., Filewicz M.V., Schneider C., Abdoderrias Stratigraphic constraints on the development and timing of arc-continent collision in northern Papua New Guinea. J. Sediment. Res. 1994, B64:169-183.
2. Aplin K.P., Baverstock P.R., Donnellan S.C. Albumin immunological evidence for the time and mode of origin of the New Guinean terrestrial mammal fauna. Sci. New Guinea 1993, 19:131-145.
3. Archer M., Hand S.J., Godthelp H. Riversleigh, the Story of Animals in Ancient Rainforests of Inland Australia 1991, Reed Books, Victoria, Australia.
4. Archer M., Hand S.J., Godthelp H. Patterns in the history of Australia's mammals and inferences about palaeohabitats. History of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to Recent 1994, 80-103. Cambridge University Press, Melbourne. R.S. Hill (Ed.).
5. Baker N., De Bruyn M., Mather P.B. Patterns of molecular diversity in wild stocks of the redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) from northern Australia and Papua New Guinea: impacts of Plio-Pleistocene landscape evolution. Freshwater Biol. 2008, 53:1592-1605.
6. Blacket M.J., Adams M., Krajewski C., Westerman M. Genetic variation within the dasyurid marsupial genus Planigale. Aust. J. Zool. 2000, 48:443-459.
7. Blacket M.J., Cooper S.J.B., Krajewski C., Westerman M. Systematics and evolution of the dasyurid marsupial genus Sminthopsis: II. The Murina species group. J. Mammal. Evol. 2006, 13:125-138.
8. Blacket M.J., Krajewski C., Labrindis A., Cambron B., Cooper S., Westerman M. Systematic relationships within the dasyurid marsupial tribe Sminthopsini - a multigene approach. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 1999, 12:140-155.
9. Bowyer J.C., Newell G.R., Metcalfe C.J., Eldridge M.B.D. Tree-kangaroos Dendrolagus in Australia: are D. lumholtzi and D. bennettianus sister taxa?. Aust. Zool. 2003, 32:207-213.
10. Brown I.M. Quaternary glaciations of New Guinea. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1990, 9:273-280.
11. Brown M., Cooksley H., Carthew S.M., Cooper S.J.B. Conservation units and phylogeographic structure of an arboreal marsupial, the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis). Aust. J. Zool. 2006, 54:305-317.
12. Brown W.M., George M., Wilson A.C. Rapid evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1979, 76:1967-1971.
13. Bulazel K.V., Ferreri G.C., Eldridge M.D.B., O'Neill R.J. Species-specific shifts in centromere sequence composition are coincident with breakpoint reuse in karyotypically divergent lineages. Gen. Biol. 2007, 8:R170.
14. Burbidge N.T. The phytogeography of the Australian region. Aust. J. Bot. 1960, 8:75-211.
15. Burk A., Springer M.S. Intergeneric relationships among macropodoidea (Metatheria: Diprotodontia) and the chronicle of kangaroo evolution. J. Mammal. Evol. 2000, 7:213-237.
16. Burnham K.P., Anderson D.A. Model Selection and Multi-model Inference. A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach 2002, Springer, New York.
17. Cardillo M., Bininda-Emonds O.R.P., Boakes E., Purvis A. A species-level phylogenetic supertree of marsupials. J. Zool. 2004, 264:11-31.
18. Chappell J. Contrasting Holocene sedimentary geologies of lower Daly River, northern Australia, and lower Sepik-Ramu, Papua New Guinea. Sediment. Geol. 1993, 83:339-358.
19. Chivas A.R., Garcìa A., van der Kaars S., Couapel M.J.J., Holt S., Reeves J.M., Wheeler D.J., Switzer A.D., Murray-Wallace C.V., Banerjee D., Price D.M., Wang S.X., Pearson G., Edgar N.T., Beaufort L., De Deckker P., Lawson E., Cecil C.B. Sea-level and environmental changes since the last interglacial in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia: an overview. Quat. Int. 2001, 83-85:19-46.
20. Crisp M., Cook L., Steane D. Radiation of the Australia flora: what can comparisons of molecular phylogenies across multiple taxa tell us about the evolution of diversity in present-day communities?. Philos. Trans. Biol. Sci. 2004, 359:1551-1571.
21. Dolman G., Moritz C. A multilocus perspective on refugial isolation and divergence in rainforest skinks (Carlia). Evolution 2006, 60:573-582.
22. Drummond A.J., Ho S.Y.W., Phillips M.J., Rambaut A. Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence. PLoS Biol. 2006, 4:699-710.
23. Drummond A.J., Rambaut A. BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees. BMC Evol. Biol. 2007, 7:214.
24. Flannery T. Mammals of New Guinea 1995, Reed Books, Chatswood.
25. Flannery T., Mountain M.-J., Aplin K. Quaternary kangaroos (Macropodidae: Marsupialia) from Nombe rock shelter, Papua New Guinea, with comments on the nature of Megafaunal extinction in the New Guinea Highlands. Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 1982, 107:75-97.
26. Flannery T.F. Origins of the Australo-Pacific land mammal fauna. Aust. Zool. Rev. 1989, 1:15-24.
27. Flannery T.F. Phylogeny of the Macropodoidea: a study in convergence. Kangaroos, Wallabies and Rat-Kangaroos 1989, 1-46. Surrey, Beatty & Sons Pty. Ltd., New South Wales. G. Grigg, P. Jarman, I. Hume (Eds.).
28. Flannery T.F. Taxonomic revision of the Thylogale brunii complex (Macropodidae: Marsupialia) in Melanesia with description of a new species. Aust. Mammal. 1992, 15:7-23.
29. Flannery T.F., Rich T.H.V., Lundelius E.L.J., Turnbull W.D. The Macropodoidea (Marsupialia) of the early Pliocene Hamilton local fauna, Victoria, Australia. Field. Geol. 1992, 25:1-37.
30. Ford J. Hybrid zones in Australian birds. Emu 1987, 87:158-178.
31. Gelman A., Rubin D.B. Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences. Stat. Sci. 1992, 7:457-472.
32. Guindon S., Gascuel O. A simple, fast and accurate method to estimate large phylogenies by maximum-likelihood. Syst. Biol. 2003, 52:696-704.
33. Hall R. Cenozoic geological and plate tectonic evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific: computer-based reconstructions, model and animations. J. Asian Earth Sci. 2002, 20:353-431.
34. Helgen, K.M., 2009. The mammal fauna of the Kaijende Highlands, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. A rapid biodiversity assessment of the Kaijende Highlands, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. Conserv. Int. 52-68.
35. Hill R.S. Origins of the southeastern Australian vegetation. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 2004, 359:1537-1549.
36. Hill R.S., Truswell E.M., McLoughlin S., Dettman M.E. Evolution of the Australian flora: fossil evidence. Flora of Australia 1999, 251-320. ABRS/CSIRO, Melbourne. A.E. Orchard, H.S. Thompson (Eds.).
37. Hope G., Flannery T., Boeardi A preliminary report of changing Quaternary mammal faunas in subalpine New Guinea. Quat. Res. 1993, 40:117-126.
38. Hope G., Kershaw A.P., van der Kaars S., Xiangjun S., Liew P.M., Heusser L.E., Takahara H., McGlone M., Miyoshi N., Moss P.T. History of vegetation and habitat change in the Austral-Asian region. Quat. Int. 2004, 118-119:103-126.
39. Hope G.S., Golson J., Allen J. Palaeoecology and prehistory in New Guinea. J. Hum. Evol. 1983, 12:37-60.
40. Hope J. Late Cainozoic vertebrate faunas and the development of aridity in Australia. Evolution of the Flora and Fauna of Arid Australia 1982, 85-100. Peacock Publications, Frewville. W.R. Barker, P.J.M. Greenslade (Eds.).
41. Hope J.H. A new species of Thylogale (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) from Mapala rockshelter, Jaya (Carstensz) Mountains, Irian Jaya (Western New Guinea). Rec. Aust. Mus. 1981, 33:369-387.
42. James C.H., Moritz C. Intraspecific phylogeography in the sedge frog Litoria fallax (Hylidae) indicates pre-Pleistocene vicariance of an open forest species from eastern Australia. Mol. Ecol. 2000, 9:349-358.
43. Jarman P.J., Phillips C.M. Diets in a community of macropod species. Kangaroos, Wallabies and Rat-Kangaroos 1989, 143-149. Surrey Beatty & Sons Pty. Ltd., New South Wales. G. Grigg, P. Jarman, I. Hume (Eds.).
44. Johnson K.A. Spatial and temporal use of habitat by the red-necked pademelon, Thylogale thetis (Marsupialia, Macropodidae). Aust. Wild. Res. 1980, 7:157-166.
45. Kershaw A.P., Martin H.A., McEwen Mason J.R.C. The Neogene: a period of transition. History of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to Recent 1994, 299-327. Cambridge University Press, Melbourne. R.S. Hill (Ed.).
46. Kirsch J.A.W. The comparative serology of Marsupialia, and a classification of marsupials. Aust. J. Zool. Suppl. Ser. 1977, 52:1-152.
47. Kirsch J.A.W., Springer M.S. Timing of the molecular evolution of New Guinean marsupials. Sci. New Guinea 1993, 19:147-156.
48. Krajewski C., Moyer G.R., Sipiorski J.T., Fain M.G., Westerman M. Molecular systematics of the enigmatic 'phascolosoricine' marsupials of New Guinea. Aust. J. Zool. 2004, 52:389-415.
49. Krajewski C., Painter J., Driskell A.C., Buckley L., Westerman M. Molecular systematics of New Guinean dasyurids (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae). Sci. New Guinea 1993, 19:157-166.
50. Krajewski C., Wroe S., Westerman M. Molecular evidence for the pattern and timing of cladogenesis in dasyurid marsupials. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 2000, 130:375-404.
51. Kuch U., Keogh J.S., Weigel J., Smith L.A., Mebs D. Phylogeography of Australia's king brown snake (Pseudechis australis) reveals Pliocene divergence and Pleistocene dispersal of a top predator. Naturwissenschaften 2005, 92:121-127.
52. Leary, T., Seri, L., Flannery, T., Wright, D., Hamilton, S., Helgen, K., Singadan, R., Menzies, J., Allison, A., James, R., 2008a. Thylogale browni. IUCN Red List. http://www.iucnredlist.org.
53. Leary, T., Seri, L., Flannery, T., Wright, D., Hamilton, S., Helgen, K., Singadan, R., Menzies, J., Allison, A., James, R., 2008b. Thylogale brunii. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http://www.iucnredlist.org.
54. Leary, T., Seri, L., Flannery, T., Wright, D., Hamilton, S., Helgen, K., Singadan, R., Menzies, J., Allison, A., James, R., Aplin, K., Salas, L., Dickman, C., 2008c. Thylogale calabyi. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http://www.iucnredlist.org.
55. Lister A.M. The impact of Quaternary Ice Ages on mammalian evolution. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 2004, 359:221-241.
56. Löffler E. Evidence of Pleistocene glaciation in East Papua. Aust. Geog. Stud. 1970, 8:16-26.
57. Löffler E. The Pleistocene glaciation of the Saruwaged Range, Territory of New Guinea. Aust. Geog. 1971, XI:463-472.
58. McGuigan K., Zhu D., Allen G.R., Moritz C. Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of melanotaeniid fishes in Australia and New Guinea. Mar. Freshwater Res. 2000, 51:713-723.
59. Macqueen P., Goldizen A.W., Seddon J.M. Response of a southern temperate marsupial, the Tasmanian pademelon (Thylogale billardierii), to historical and contemporary forest fragmentation. Mol. Ecol. 2009, 18:3291-3306.
60. Malekian M., Cooper S.J.B., Norman J.A., Christidis L., Carthew S.M. Molecular systematics and evolutionary origins of the genus Petaurus (Marsupialia: Petauridae) in Australia and New Guinea. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2010, 54:122-135.
61. le Mar, K., 2002. Spatial organisation and habitat selection patterns of three marsupial herbivores within a patchy forestry environment. Ph.D. Thesis, School of Zoology, Univ. Tasmania, Hobart.
62. Martin H.A. Cenozoic climatic change and the development of the arid vegetation in Australia. J. Arid Environ. 2006, 66:533-563.
63. Meredith R.W., Westerman M., Springer M.S. A phylogeny and timescale for the living genera of kangaroos and kin (Macropodiformes: Marsupialia) based on nuclear DNA sequences. Aust. J. Zool. 2008, 56:395-410.
64. Moritz C., Dowling T.E., Brown W.M. Evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA: relevance for population biology and systematics. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1987, 18:269-292.
65. Murphy S.A., Double M.C., Legge S.M. The phylogeography of palm cockatoos, Probosciger aterrimus, in the dynamic Australo-Papuan region. J. Biogeogr. 2007, 34:1534-1545.
66. Nix H.A., Kalma J.D. Climate as a dominant control in the biogeography of northern Australia and New Guinea. Bridge and Barrier: The Natural and Cultural History of Torres Strait 1972, 61-91. Australian National University, Canberra. D. Walker (Ed.).
67. Norman J.A., Rheindt F.E., Rowe D.L., Christidis L. Speciation dynamics in the Australo-Papuan Meliphaga honeyeaters. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2007, 42:80-91.
68. Osborne M.J., Christidis L. Molecular phylogenetics of Australo-Papuan possums and gliders (Family Petauridae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2001, 20:211-224.
69. Osborne M.J., Christidis L. Molecular relationships of the cuscuses, brushtail and scaly-tailed possums (Phalangerinae). Aust. J. Zool. 2002, 50:135-149.
70. Osborne M.J., Christidis L. Systematics and biogeography of pygmy possums (Burramyidae: Cercartetus). Aust. J. Zool. 2002, 50:25-37.
71. Penny D., Hendy M.D. The use of tree comparison metrics. Syst. Zool. 1985, 34:75-82.
72. Pesole G., Gissi C., De Chirico A., Saccone C. Nucleotide substitution rate of mammalian mitochondrial genomes. J. Mol. Evol. 1999, 48:427-434.
73. Pigram C.J., Davies H.L. Terranes and the accretion history of the New Guinea orogen. BMR J. Aust. Geol. Geophys. 1987, 10:193-211.
74. Posada D. JModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2008, 25:1253-1256.
75. Posada D., Buckley T.R. Model selection and model averaging in phylogenetics: advantages of Akaike Information Criterion and Bayesian approaches over likelihood ratio tests. Syst. Biol. 2004, 53:793-808.
76. Rambaut, A., Drummond, A.J., 2007. Tracer v1.4. http://www.beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer.
77. Rawlings L.H., Donnellan S.C. Phylogeographic analysis of the green python, Morelia viridis, reveals cryptic diversity. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2003, 27:36-44.
78. Rheindt F.E., Christidis L., Cabanne G.S., Miyaki C., Norman J.A. The timing of Neotropical speciation dynamics: a reconstruction of Myiopagis flycatcher diversification using phylogenetic and paleogeographic data. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2009, 53:961-971.
79. Ride W.D.L. Protemnodon parma (Waterhouse) and the classification of related wallabies (Protemnodon, Thylogale, Setonix). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1957, 128:327-346.
80. Ronquist F., Huelsenbeck J.P. MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 2003, 19:1572-1574.
81. Rowe C. A palynological investigation of Holocene vegetation change in Torres Strait, seasonal tropics of northern Australia. Paleogeogr. Paleoclimat. Paleoecol. 2007, 251:83-103.
82. Rowe K.C., Reno M.L., Richmond D.M., Adkins R.M., Steppan S.J. Pliocene colonization and adaptive radiations in Australia and New Guinea (Sahul): multilocus systematics of the old endemic rodents (Muroidea: Murinae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2008, 47:84-101.
83. Schneider C.J., Cunningham M., Moritz C. Comparative phylogeography and the history of endemic vertebrates in the Wet Tropics rainforests of Australia. Mol. Ecol. 1998, 7:487-498.
84. Schodde R., Calaby J.H. The biogeography of the Australo-Papuan bird and mammal faunas in relation to Torres Strait. Bridge and Barrier: The Natural and Cultural History of Torres Strait 1972, 257-300. Australian National University, Canberra. D. Walker (Ed.).
85. Seutin G., White B.N., Boag P.T. Preservation of avian blood and tissue samples for DNA analyses. Can. J. Zool. 1991, 69:82-90.
86. Shapiro B., Rambaut A., Drummond A.J. Choosing appropriate substitution models for the phylogenetic analysis of protein-coding sequences. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2006, 23:7-9.
87. Sharman G.B. The mitotic chromosomes of marsupials and their bearing on taxonomy and phylogeny. Aust. J. Zool. 1961, 9:38-60.
88. Shearman P.L., Ash J., Mackey B., Bryan J.E., Lokes B. Forest conversion and degradation in Papua New Guinea 1972-2002. Biotropica 2009, 41:379-390.
89. Springer M.S., Douzery E. Secondary structure and patterns of evolution among mammalian mitochondrial 12S rRNA molecules. J. Mol. Evol. 1996, 43:357-373.
90. Springer M.S., Hollar L.J., Burk A. Compensatory substitutions and the evolution of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene in mammals. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1995, 12:1138-1150.
91. The Mammals of Australia 1995, Reed Books, Australia. R. Strahan (Ed.).
92. Swofford D.L. PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (* and Other Methods). Version 4 2003, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
93. Tamura K., Dudley J., Nei M., Kumar S. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) Software Version 4.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2007, 24:1596-1599.
94. Tamura K., Kumar S. Evolutionary distance estimation under heterogenous substitution pattern among lineages. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2002, 19:1727-1736.
95. Tamura K., Nei M. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1993, 10:512-526.
96. Tate G.H.H. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 59. Studies on the anatomy and phylogeny of the Macropodidae (Marsupialia). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 1948, 91:233-352.
97. Tate G.H.H., Archbold R. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 16. Some Marsupials of New Guinea and Celebes. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 1937, 73:331-476.
98. Tedford R.H. Succession of Pliocene through medial Pleistocene mammal faunas of southeastern Australia. Rec. Aust. Mus. 1994, 27:79-93.
99. Tedford R.H., Wells R.T., Prideaux G.J. Pliocene and earlier Pleistocene marsupial evolution in southeastern Australia. Alcheringa SI 2006, 1:313-322.
100. Thompson J.D., Higgins D.G., Gibson T.J. Clustal W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucl. Acids Res. 1994, 22:4673-4680.
101. Torgersen T., Luly J., De Deckker P., Jones M.R., Searle D.E., Chivas A.R., Ullman W.J. Late Quaternary environments of the Carpentaria Basin, Australia. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimat. Palaeoecol. 1988, 67:245-261.
102. Vernes K. The diet of the red-legged pademelon Thylogale stigmatica (Gould) (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in fragmented tropical rainforest, north Queensland, Australia. Mammalia 1995, 59:517-525.
103. Voris H.K. Maps of Pleistocene sea levels in Southeast Asia: shorelines, river systems and time durations. J. Biogeogr. 2000, 27:1153-1167.
104. Weir J.T., Schluter D. Calibrating the avian molecular clock. Mol. Ecol. 2008, 17:2321-2328.
105. Westerman M., Burk A., Amrine-Madsen H.M., Prideaux G.J., Case J.A., Springer M.S. Molecular evidence for the last survivor of an ancient kangaroo lineage. J. Mammal. Evol. 2002, 9:209-223.
106. Westerman M., Springer M.S., Krajewski C. Molecular relationships of the New Guinean bandicoot genera Microperoryctes and Echymipera (Marsupialia: Peramelina). J. Mammal. Evol. 2001, 8:93-105.
107. Westerman M., Young J., Donnellan S., Woolley P.A., Krajewski C. Molecular relationships of New Guinean three-striped dasyures (Myoictis, Marsupialia: Dasyuridae). J. Mammal. Evol. 2006, 13:211-222.
108. Wheeler D., Hope R., Cooper S.J.B., Dolman G., Webb G.C., Bottema C.D.K., Gooley A.A., Goodman M., Holland R.A.B. An orphaned mammalian beta-globin gene of ancient evolutionary origin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2001, 98:1101-1106.
109. Wüster W., Dumbrell A.J., Hay C., Pook C.E., Williams D.J., Fry B.G. Snakes across the Strait: trans-Torresian phylogeographic relationships in three genera of Australasian snakes (Serpentes: Elapidae: Acanthophis, Oxyuranus, and Pseudechis). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2005, 34:1-14.
110. Yokoyama Y., Purcell A., Lambeck K., Johnston P. Shore-line reconstruction around Australia during the Last Glacial Maximum and Late Glacial Stage. Quat. Int. 2001, 83-85:9-18.
111. Ziegler A.C. Evolution of New Guinea's marsupial fauna in response to a forested environment. The Biology of Marsupials 1977, 117-138. Univ. Park Press, London. B. Stonehouse, D. Gilmore (Eds.).
112. Zwickl, D.J., 2006. Genetic algorithm approaches for the phylogenetic analysis of large biological sequence datasets under the maximum likelihood criterion. Ph.D. Thesis, The Univ. Texas, Austin.
113. Zwiers P.B., Borgia G., Fleischer R.C. Plumage based classification of the bowerbird genus Sericulus evaluated using a multi-gene, multi-genome analysis. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2008, 46:923-931.