메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 45, 2010, Pages 8370-8374

Quaternary carbon stereogenic centers through copper-catalyzed enantioselective allylic substitutions with readily accessible aryl- or heteroaryllithium reagents and aluminum chlorides

Author keywords

Allylic substitution; Aluminum reagents; Enantioselective reactions; N heterocyclic carbenes; Quaternary carbon centers

Indexed keywords

ALLYLIC SUBSTITUTION; ALUMINUM CHLORIDES; ENANTIOSELECTIVE; ENANTIOSELECTIVE ALLYLIC SUBSTITUTION; ENANTIOSELECTIVE REACTIONS; N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENES; ORGANOLITHIUM REAGENT; QUATERNARY CARBON; STEREOGENIC CENTERS;

EID: 78149439210     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: 15213773     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005124     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (101)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 4644299863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1785
    • For reviews on catalytic enantioselective allylic substitution (EAS) reactions with "hard" C-based nucleophiles, see A. H. Hoveyda, A. W. Hird, M. A. Kacprzynski, Chem. Commun. 2004, 1779 - 1785
    • (2004) Chem. Commun. , pp. 1779
    • Hoveyda, A.H.1    Hird, A.W.2    Kacprzynski, M.A.3
  • 3
    • 22744436808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4439
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 4435 - 4439
    • (2005) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.44 , pp. 4435
  • 6
    • 0035901668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1460
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 1456 - 1460
    • (2001) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.40 , pp. 1456
  • 13
    • 34250704681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4558
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 4554 - 4558.
    • (2007) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.46 , pp. 4554
  • 16
    • 33845432746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15605. For a closely related study with derivatives of bidentate NHC complexes originally designed in these laboratories, see
    • For Cu-free allylic alkylations with alkylmagnesium halides, affording all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers, see Y. Lee, A. H. Hoveyda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 15604 - 15605. For a closely related study with derivatives of bidentate NHC complexes originally designed in these laboratories, see
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 15604
    • Lee, Y.1    Hoveyda, A.H.2
  • 18
    • 77951683946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3350
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 3346 - 3350.
    • (2010) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.49 , pp. 3346
  • 20
    • 54949113734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5142
    • Ref.-[3c]. For catalytic EAS reactions that involve arylmetals but deliver tertiary C-C bonds, see K. B. Selim, K-i. Yamada, K. Tomioka, Chem. Commun. 2008, 5140 - 5142
    • (2008) Chem. Commun. , pp. 5140
    • Selim, K.B.1    Yamada, K-i.2    Tomioka, K.3
  • 22
    • 70350599360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8735
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 8733 - 8735
    • (2009) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.48 , pp. 8733
  • 25
    • 84970599545 scopus 로고
    • 314
    • For the more favored transfer of an aryl unit versus an alkyl group of an Al-based reagent, see T. Mole, J. R. Surtees, Aust. J. Chem. 1964, 17, 310 - 314
    • (1964) Aust. J. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 310
    • Mole, T.1    Surtees, J.R.2
  • 30
    • 70349267328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 7472
    • For use of this procedure in Cu-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate additions, see T. L. May, M. K. Brown, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 7468 - 7472
    • (2008) Angew. Chem. , vol.120 , pp. 7468
    • May, T.L.1    Brown, M.K.2    Hoveyda, A.H.3
  • 31
    • 53249101813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 7362. For a related study involving a relatively limited substrate range and Feringa-type phosphoramidite ligands, see
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7358 - 7362. For a related study involving a relatively limited substrate range and Feringa-type phosphoramidite ligands, see
    • (2008) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.47 , pp. 7358
  • 33
    • 54249123973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8214. Conjugate additions with heteroarylaluminum reagents have not been reported.
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 8211 - 8214. Conjugate additions with heteroarylaluminum reagents have not been reported.
    • (2008) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.47 , pp. 8211
  • 34
    • 34250693599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1118
    • For reports on the utility of sulfonate-based bidentate NHC-Cu complexes in enantioselective formation of quaternary carbon stereogenic centers, see M. K. Brown, T. L. May, C. A. Baxter, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2007, 119, 1115 - 1118
    • (2007) Angew. Chem. , vol.119 , pp. 1115
    • Brown, M.K.1    May, T.L.2    Baxter, C.A.3    Hoveyda, A.H.4
  • 35
    • 34247201978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1100
    • Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 1097 - 1100
    • (2007) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.46 , pp. 1097
  • 36
    • 78149444829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ref.-[3c]
    • Ref.-[3c]
  • 37
    • 78149456948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ref.-[9a]
    • Ref.-[9a]
  • 39
    • 78149418623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ref.-[6]
    • Ref.-[6]
  • 42
    • 67249123346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4462
    • 1-symmetric chiral NHC-Cu complexes and their utility in conjugate additions resulting in C-C, C-Si or C-B bonds, respectively, see K-;s. Lee, A. H. Hoveyda, J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 4455 - 4462
    • (2009) J. Org. Chem. , vol.74 , pp. 4455
    • Lee, K.S.1    Hoveyda, A.H.2
  • 45
    • 78149445554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2AlCl are used, alkyl (vs. aryl) transfer products are generated (12 % and 10 %, respectively) and 6 is formed in 73:27 and 88:12-e.r., respectively
    • 2AlCl are used, alkyl (vs. aryl) transfer products are generated (12 % and 10 %, respectively) and 6 is formed in 73:27 and 88:12-e.r., respectively.
  • 46
    • 78149434144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When PhMgBr is used, site- and enantioselectivity remain the same but efficiency is diminished (68 % vs. >98 % conv. with PhMgCl)
    • When PhMgBr is used, site- and enantioselectivity remain the same but efficiency is diminished (68 % vs. >98 % conv. with PhMgCl).
  • 47
    • 78149428703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal halides can be detrimental to enantioselectivity. For example, when the reaction in entry-2 of Table-1 is performed with an added equivalent of LiCl, the desired product is obtained in ca. 70:30-e.r. Arylaluminum solutions are allowed to stand for 30-min to 1-h to permit precipitation of LiCl to occur prior to the supernatant being utilized. See the Supporting Information for experimental details
    • Metal halides can be detrimental to enantioselectivity. For example, when the reaction in entry-2 of Table-1 is performed with an added equivalent of LiCl, the desired product is obtained in ca. 70:30-e.r. Arylaluminum solutions are allowed to stand for 30-min to 1-h to permit precipitation of LiCl to occur prior to the supernatant being utilized. See the Supporting Information for experimental details.
  • 48
    • 78149422023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N2′) but furnish products of lower enantiomeric purity. For example, when (diethyl)o-methylphenylaluminum is used with the allylic phosphate in entries-1-4 of Table-2, the EAS product is obtained in 69.5:30.5 e.-r. In the corresponding conjugate addition processes, such arylaluminums give rise to improved e.r.-values (see Ref.-[9a])
    • N2′) but furnish products of lower enantiomeric purity. For example, when (diethyl)o-methylphenylaluminum is used with the allylic phosphate in entries-1-4 of Table-2, the EAS product is obtained in 69.5:30.5 e.-r. In the corresponding conjugate addition processes, such arylaluminums give rise to improved e.r.-values (see Ref.-[9a]).
  • 51
    • 78149452553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • As the example below indicates, EAS with N-containing heterocyclic substrates proceed readily but are hampered by non-selective initial heteroaryllithium formation, affording a difficult to separate mixture of products. See the Supporting Information for details. Use of the pyridine-containing aluminum reagents leads to <2 % conversion. Studies to improve the above transformations are in progress
    • As the example below indicates, EAS with N-containing heterocyclic substrates proceed readily but are hampered by non-selective initial heteroaryllithium formation, affording a difficult to separate mixture of products. See the Supporting Information for details. Use of the pyridine-containing aluminum reagents leads to <2 % conversion. Studies to improve the above transformations are in progress.
  • 52
    • 67650066792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ni-catalyzed reactions of styrenes with ethylene furnish enantiomerically enriched products with a benzylic vinyl unit at an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center. See:, - 2100, and references therein
    • Ni-catalyzed reactions of styrenes with ethylene furnish enantiomerically enriched products with a benzylic vinyl unit at an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center. See:, C. R. Smith, H. J. Lim, A. Zhang, T. V. RajanBabu, Synthesis 2009, 2089 - 2100, and references therein.
    • (2009) Synthesis , pp. 2089
    • Smith, C.R.1    Lim, H.J.2    Zhang, A.3    Rajanbabu, T.V.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.