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Volumn 47, Issue 38, 2008, Pages 7358-7362

Enantioselective synthesis of all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers by catalytic asymmetric conjugate additions of alkyl and aryl aluminum reagents to five-, six-, and seven-membered-ring β-substituted cyclic enones

Author keywords

Asymmetric synthesis; Homogeneous catalysis; N heterocyclic carbenes; Organoaluminum reagents; Quaternary carbon centers

Indexed keywords

ALUMINA; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; COMPLEXATION; COPPER; COPPER COMPOUNDS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

EID: 53249101813     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802910     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (163)

References (55)
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    • For previous studies regarding catalytic ACA reactions that furnish all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers, see: a J. Wu, D. M. Mampreian, A. H. Hoveyda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4584-4585;
    • For previous studies regarding catalytic ACA reactions that furnish all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers, see: a) J. Wu, D. M. Mampreian, A. H. Hoveyda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4584-4585;
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    • Ref. [3b]; b M. K. Brown, T. L. May, C. A. Baxter, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2007, 119, 1115-1118;
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    • Catalytic ACA reactions to cyclopentenones are more challenging than other classes of cyclic enones. For example, see: a I. H. Escher, A. Pfaltz, Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 2879-2888;
    • Catalytic ACA reactions to cyclopentenones are more challenging than other classes of cyclic enones. For example, see: a) I. H. Escher, A. Pfaltz, Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 2879-2888;
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    • For catalytic ACA reactions with cyclic enones where reactions of cyclopentenones are either not discussed or reported to be highly inefficient, see: a Ref, 3c];
    • For catalytic ACA reactions with cyclic enones where reactions of cyclopentenones are either not discussed or reported to be highly inefficient, see: a) Ref. [3c];
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    • For representative examples of natural products bearing a β,β-disubstituted cyclopentanone or related derivatives, see: a
    • For representative examples of natural products bearing a β,β-disubstituted cyclopentanone or related derivatives, see: a) G. L. Chetty, S. Dev, Tetrahedron Lett. 1964, 5, 73-77;
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    • For a recent review on 1,2- and 1,4-additions with aluminum-based reagents, see
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    • 2 as it is commercially available and reaction outcomes promoted by this copper source tend to be completely reproducible. Further details will be provided in the full account of this work.
    • 2 as it is commercially available and reaction outcomes promoted by this copper source tend to be completely reproducible. Further details will be provided in the full account of this work.
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    • The somewhat moderate yields for the reactions in Table 5, which are in spite of conversions greater than 98%, are partly due to difficulties associated with removal of biphenyl formed in the course of the transformation. Modified procedures that address this complication are under development.
    • The somewhat moderate yields for the reactions in Table 5, which are in spite of conversions greater than 98%, are partly due to difficulties associated with removal of biphenyl formed in the course of the transformation. Modified procedures that address this complication are under development.
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    • See the Supporting Information for additional details
    • See the Supporting Information for additional details.
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    • Control experiments involving filtered solutions of aryl aluminum reagents or those where excess LiCl is added to the mixture indicate that the presence of LiCl does not have any favorable or deleterious effects on the catalytic ACA reactions when chiral complex derived from 2 is used
    • Control experiments involving filtered solutions of aryl aluminum reagents or those where excess LiCl is added to the mixture indicate that the presence of LiCl does not have any favorable or deleterious effects on the catalytic ACA reactions when chiral complex derived from 2 is used.
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    • I complexes 4 and 5 are not yet commercially available but can be prepared on a multigram scale in six steps from commercially available tert-butoxycarbonylphenylglycinol (ca. 20% overall yield of isolated product). See the Supporting Information for experimental and spectral details. In our experience, the required sequences do not require any significant experimental expertise. It should be noted that NHC complex 3 has already been used in a key step at an early stage of a complex-molecule total synthesis: K. M. Peese, D. Y. Gin, Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 14, 1645-1665.
    • I complexes 4 and 5 are not yet commercially available but can be prepared on a multigram scale in six steps from commercially available tert-butoxycarbonylphenylglycinol (ca. 20% overall yield of isolated product). See the Supporting Information for experimental and spectral details. In our experience, the required sequences do not require any significant experimental expertise. It should be noted that NHC complex 3 has already been used in a key step at an early stage of a complex-molecule total synthesis: K. M. Peese, D. Y. Gin, Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 14, 1645-1665.
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    • For a general discussion regarding the significance of the ease of structural modification of chiral catalysts to achieving optimal results, see: A. H. Hoveyda, A. W. Hird, M. A. Kacprzynski, Chem. Commun. 2004, 1779-1785
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    • Studies involving vinylaluminum reagents (derived from reaction of diisobutylaluminum hydride (dibal-H) with terminal alkynes; cf. Ref. [9g]) indicate that this class of reactions requires the development of more effective NHC-based catalyst systems.
    • Studies involving vinylaluminum reagents (derived from reaction of diisobutylaluminum hydride (dibal-H) with terminal alkynes; cf. Ref. [9g]) indicate that this class of reactions requires the development of more effective NHC-based catalyst systems.


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