A millimeter-tunable-range microlens for endoscopic biomedical imaging applications

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Volumn 46, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 1237-1244

  Wu, Lei ^a   Xie, Huikai ^b  

^a WiOptix Inc   (United States)

^b University of Florida   (United States)

Author keywords

Confocal microscopy; electrothermal bimorph; large vertical displacement; lateral shift free; optical coherence microscopy; tunable microlens

Indexed keywords

BIOMEDICAL IMAGING APPLICATIONS; ELECTRO-THERMAL ACTUATORS; LARGE VERTICAL DISPLACEMENT; LATERAL SHIFT FREE; LATERAL SHIFTS; LOW DRIVING VOLTAGE; MICRO-LENS; MICROLENS SCANNER; OPTICAL COHERENCE MICROSCOPY; TUNABLE MICROLENS; VERTICAL ACTUATION;

ACTUATORS; COHERENT LIGHT; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; ELECTROSTATIC ACTUATORS; MEDICAL IMAGING;

MICROLENSES;

EID: 77955160480     PISSN: 00189197     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2010.2048304     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. J. A. Izatt, M. D. Kulkarni, H.-W. Wang, K. Kobayashi, and J. M. V. Sivak, "Optical coherence tomography and microscopy in gastrointestinal tissues," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., vol.2, no.4, pp. 1017-1028, Dec. 1996.
2. D. M. Shotton, "Confocal scanning optical microscopy and its applications for biological specimens," J. Cell. Sci., vol.94, no.2, pp. 175-206, Oct. 1989.
3. R. Kiesslich and F. M. Neurath, "Endoscopic confocal imaging," Clin. Gastroenterol. H, vol.3, no.7, suppl. 1, pp. s58-s60, Jul. 2005.
4. B. A. Flusberg, E. D. Cocker, W. Piyawattanametha, J. C. Jung, E. L. M. Cheung, and M. J. Schnitzer, "Fiber-optic fluorescence imaging," Nat. Methods, vol.2, no.12, pp. 941-950, Dec. 2005.
5. K. C. Maitland, H. J. Shin, H. Ra, D. Lee, O. Solgaard, and R. R. Kortum, "Single fiber confocal microscope with a two-axis gimbaled MEMS scanner for cellular imaging," Opt. Express, vol.14, no.19, pp. 8604-8612, Sep. 2006.
6. H. Ra, W. Piyawattanametha, Y. Taguchi, D. Lee, M. J. Mandella, and O. Solgaard, "2-D MEMS scanner for dual-axes confocal microscopy," J. Microelectromech. S., vol.16, no.4, pp. 969-976, Aug. 2007.
7. S. Kwon and L. P. Lee, "Micromachined transmissive scanning confocal microscope," Opt. Lett., vol.29, no.7, pp. 706-708, 2004.
8. C.-P.-B. Siu, H. Zeng, and M. Chiao, "Magnetically actuated MEMS microlens scanner for in vivo medical imaging," Opt. Express, vol.15, no.18, pp. 11154-11166, 2007.
9. T. Krupenkin, S. Yang, and P. Mach, "Tunable liquid microlens," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.82, no.3, pp. 316-318, 2003.
10. A. Werber and H. Zappe, "Tunable microfluidic microlenses," Appl. Opt., vol.44, no.16, pp. 3238-3245, 2005.
11. S.-Y. Lee, H.-W. Tung, W.-C. Chen, and W. Fang, "Thermal actuated solid tunable lens," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol.18, no.21, pp. 2191-2193, Nov. 2006.
12. X. Zeng and H. Jiang, "Tunable liquid microlens actuated by infrared light-responsive hydrogel," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.93, no.15, p. 151101, Oct. 2008.
13. S. Kwon, V. Milanovic, and L. P. Lee, "Large-displacement vertical microlens scanner with low driving voltage," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol.14, no.11, pp. 1572-1574, Nov. 2002.
14. C. Gorecki, L. Nieradko, S. Bargiel, J. Dziuban, D. Henis, J. A. Sylvestre, K. Alkowska, G. Soto-Romero, J. Thevenet, and R. Yahiaoui, "On-chip scanning confocal microscope with 3-D MEMS scanner and VCSEL feedback detection," in Proc. Transducers, Jun. 2007, pp. 2561- 2564.
15. S. K. Gokce, S. Holmstrom, C. Hibert, C. Ataman, A. Arslan, H. R. Seren, and H. Urey, "2-D scanning MEMS stage integrated with microlens arrays for high-resolution beam steering," in Proc. IEEE/LEOS Int. Conf. Opt. MEMS Nanophoton., Aug. 2009, pp. 43-44.
16. A. Jain and H. Xie, "Microendoscopic confocal imaging probe based on an LVD microlens scanner," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., vol.13, no.2, pp. 228-234, Mar.-Apr. 2007.
17. L.Wu and H. Xie, "A large vertical displacement electrothermal bimorph microactuator with very small lateral shift," Sens. Actuators A, vols. 145-146, pp. 371-379, Feb. 2008.
18. L. Wu and H. Xie, "A lateral-shift-free LVD microlens scanner for confocal microscopy," in Proc. IEEE/LEOS Int. Conf. Opt. MEMS Nanophoton., Aug. 2007, pp. 141-142.
19. G. Lammel, S. Schweizer, and P. Renaud, Optical Microscanners and Microspectrometers Using Thermal Bimorph Actuators. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, 2002.
20. A. Jain, H. Qu, S. Todd, and H. Xie, "A thermal bimorph micromirror with large bi-directional and vertical actuation," Sens. Actuators A, vol.122, no.1, pp. 9-15, Jul. 2005.
21. A. Jain and H. Xie, "An electrothermal SCS micromirror for large bidirectional 2-D scanning," in Proc. Transducers, Jun. 2005, pp. 988-991.
22. L. Wu and H. Xie, "A 124 degree rotation angle electrothermal micromirror with integrated platinum heater," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., vol.13, no.2, pp. 316-321, Mar.-Apr. 2007.
23. IntelliSuite [Online]. Available: http://www.intellisuite.com
24. Norland UV Curing Adhesives [Online]. Available: http://www.norlandprod. com/uvdefault.html
25. Quadra-Chek 200 Geometry Measuring System [Online]. Available: http://www.metronics.com/digital?metrology?readouts.php