Emotion and meta-cognition: Implications for attitude change;Emoción y meta-cognición: Implicaciones para el cambio de actitud

International Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 157-183

  Briñol, Pablo ^a   Gandarillas, Beatriz ^a   Horcajo, Javier ^a   Becerra, Alberto ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

Author keywords

Attitude change; Attitudes; Cognition; Emotion; Meta cognition; Persuasion; Self validation

Indexed keywords

EID: 77954670220     PISSN: 02134748     EISSN: 15793680     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1174/021347410791063787     Document Type: Review

References (105)

1. BAUMGARDNER, A. H. (1990). To know oneself is to like oneself: Self-certainty and self-affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1062-1072.
2. BERKOWITZ, L., JAFFEE, S., JO, E. & TROCCOLI, B. (2000). On the correction of possible feeling-induced judgmental biases. En J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Feeling and thinking: The role of affect in cognition and judgments (pp. 131-152). Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
3. BECK, A. T. (1993). Cognitive approaches to stress. En R. Woolfolk & P. Lehrer (Eds.), Principles and practice of stress management (2a ed., pp. 333-372). Nueva York: Guilford.
4. BLESS, H., CLORE, G. L., SCHWARZ, N., GOLISANO, V., RABE, C. & WOELKE, M. (1996). Mood and the use of scripts: Does being in a happy mood really lead to mindlessness? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 717, 665-679.
5. BODENHAUSEN, G. V., KRAMER, G. P. & SÜSSER, K. (1994). Happiness and stereotypic thinking in social judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 621-632.
6. BOWER, G. H. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129-148.
7. BRIÑOL, P., BLANCO, A., BECERRA, A., DE LA CORTE, L. & FALCES, C. (2005). Futuros clásicos de la Psicología Social. Encuentros en Psicología Social, 2, 139-147.
8. BRIÑOL, P., DEMARREE, K. G. & PETTY, R. E. (2010). Processes by which confidence (vs. doubt) influences the self. En R. Arkin, K. Oleson & P. Carroll (Eds.), Handbook of the uncertain self (pp. 13-35). Nueva York: Psychology Press.
9. BRIÑOL, P., FALCES, C. & BECERRA, A. (2007). Actitudes. En J. F. Morales, C. Huici, M. Moya & E. Gaviria (Eds.), Psicologia Social (3a ed., pp. 457-490). Madrid: McGraw-Hill.
10. BRIÑOL, P., HORCAJO, J., VALLE, C. & DEMIGUEL, J. (2007). Cambio de actitudes. En J. F. Morales, C. Huici, M. Moya & E. Gaviria (Eds.), Psicologia Social (3a ed., pp. 491-516). Madrid: McGraw-Hill.
11. BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2003). Overt head movements and persuasion: A self-validation analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1123-1139.
12. BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2008a). Embodied persuasion: Fundamental processes by which bodily responses can impact attitudes. En G. R. Semin & E. R. Smith (Eds.), Embodiment grounding: Social, cognitive, affective, and neuroscientific approaches (pp. 184-207). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
13. BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2008b). Anger: A self-validation analysis. Manuscrito no publicado.
14. BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2009). Persuasion: Insights from the self-validation hypothesis. En M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, 41 (pp. 69-118). Nueva York: Academic Press.
15. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & BARDEN, J. (2007). Happiness versus sadness as determinants of thought confidence in persuasion: A self-validation analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 711-727
16. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & GANDARILLAS, B. (2009). Dichotomous thinking in persuasion. Manuscrito no publicado.
17. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E., GASCÓ, M. & HORCAJO, J. (2009). The origin of thoughts in persuasion. Manuscrito no publicado.
18. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & MCCASLIN, M. J. (2009). Changing attitudes on implicit versus explicit measures: What is the difference? En R. E. Petty, R. H. Fazio & P. Briñol (Eds.), Attitudes: Insights from the new implicit measures (pp. 285-326). Nueva York: Psychology Press.
19. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & RUCKER, D. D. (2006). The role of meta-cognitive processes in emotional intelligence. Psicothema, 18, 26-33.
20. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & TORMALA, Z. L. (2004). The self-validation of cognitive responses to advertisements. Journal of Consumer Research, 30, 559-573.
21. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & TORMALA, Z. L. (2006). The meaning of ease and its malleability. Psychological Science, 17, 200-206.
22. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E. & STAVRAKI, M. (2009). Emotions about emotions: A self-validation hypothesis. Manuscrito no publicado.
23. BRIÑOL, P., PETTY, R. E., WAGNER, B. (2009). Body postures effects on self-evaluation: A self-validation approach. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 1053-1064.
24. CACIOPPO, J. T., MARSHALL-GOODELL, B. S., TASSINARY, L. G. & PETTY, R. E. (1992). Rudimentary determinants of attitudes: Classical conditioning is more effective when prior knowledge about the attitude stimulus is low than high. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 28, 207-233.
25. CACIOPPO, J. T. & PETTY, R. E. (1982). The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 116-131.
26. CHAIKEN, S. (1987). The heuristic model of persuasion. En M. P. Zanna, J. Olson & C. P. Herman (Eds.), Social influence: The Ontario symposium (Vol. 5, pp. 3-39). Hillsdale: L. Erlbaum
27. CLARK, M. S. & ISEN, A. M. (1982). Feeling states and social behavior. En A. Hastorf & A. M. Isen (Eds.), Cognitive Social Psychology (pp. 73-108). Nueva York: Elsevier/North-Holland.
28. CLORE, G. L., GASPER, K. & GARVIN, E. (2001). Affect as information. En J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Handbook of affect and social cognition (pp. 121-144). Mahwah: L. Erlbaum.
29. DEMARREE, K. G., PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (2007). Self-certainty: Parallels to attitude certainty. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 7, 141-170.
30. DEMIGUEL, J., GALLARDO, I., HORCAJO, J., BECERRA, A., AGUILAR, P. & BRIÑOL, P. (2009). El efecto de estrés sobre el procesamiento de mensajes persuasivos. Revista de Psicología Social, 24, 399-409.
31. DESTENO, D., PETTY, R. E., WEGENER, D. T. & RUCKER, D. D. (2000). Beyond valence in the perception of likelihood: The role of emotion specificity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 397-416.
32. EAGLY A. H. & CHAIKEN, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.
33. ELLIS, A. (1962). Reason and emotion in psychotherapy. Nueva York: Lyle Stuart.
34. ELLIS, A. (1973). Humanistic psychotherapy: The rational-emotive approach. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill.
35. ELLSWORTH, P. C. & SMITH, C. A. (1988). From appraisal to emotion: Differences among unpleasant feelings. Motivation and Emotion, 12, 271-302.
36. FALCES, C., BRIÑOL, P., SIERRA, B., BECERRA, A. & ALIER, E. (2001). Validación de la escala de Necesidad de Cognición y aplicación al estudio del cambio de actitudes. Psicothema, 13, 647-653.
37. FERNÁNDEZ-DOLS, J. M., CARRERA, P. & OCEJA, L. (2002). Bases sociales de la emoción. En J. F. Morales, D. Páez, A. L. Kornblit & D. Asún (Coords.), Psicología social (pp. 235-264). Buenos Aires: Prentice Hall.
38. GLEICHER, F. & WEARY, G. (1991). The effect of depression on the quantity and quality of social inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 105-114.
39. GREENWALD, A. G. & ALBERT, R. D. (1968). Acceptance and recall of improvised arguments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 31-34.
40. GROSS, J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative view. Review of General Psychology, 2, 1-29.
41. GROSS, S. R., HOLTZ, R. & MILLER, N. (1995). Attitude certainty. En R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 215-246). Mahwah: L. Erlbaum.
42. HORCAJO, J., BRIÑOL, P. & BECERRA (2009). El efecto del priming en el contexto de la selección de personal. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 41, 349-359.
43. HORCAJO, J., DÍAZ, D., BRIÑOL, P. & GANDARILLAS, B. (2008). La necesidad de evaluación: Propuesta para su medición en castellano. Psicothema, 20, 557-562.
44. ISEN, A. M. & DAUBMAN, K. A. (1984). The influence of affect on categorization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1206-1217.
45. ISEN, A. M., ROSENZWEIG, A. S. & YOUNG, M. J. (1991). The influence of positive affect on clinical problem solving. Medical Decision Making, 11, 221-227.
46. JARVIS, W. B. G. & PETTY, R. E. (1996). The need to evaluate. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 172-194.
47. KELTNER, D., ELLSWORTH, P. C. & EDWARDS, K. (1993). Beyond simple pessimism: Effects of sadness and anger on social perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 740-752.
48. KROSNICK, J. A., BETZ, A. L., JUSSIM, L. J. & LYNN, A. R. (1992). Subliminal conditioning of attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 152-162.
49. KUNST-WILSON, W. R. & ZAJONC, R. B. (1980). Affective discrimination of stimuli that cannot be recognized. Science, 207, 557-558.
50. LAZARUS, R. S. & ALFERT, E. (1964). Short-circuiting of threat by expermentally altering cognitive appreaisal. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 69, 195-205.
51. LERNER, J. S. & KELTNER, D. (2000). Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgment and choice. Cognition and Emotion, 14, 473-493.
52. MACKIE, D. M. & WORTH, L. T. (1989). Cognitive deficits and the mediation of positive affect in persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 27-40.
53. MARTIN, L. L. (1986). Set/reset: Use and disuse of concepts in impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 493-504.
54. MARTIN, L., ABEND, T., SEDIKIDES, C. & GREEN, J. D. (1997). How would I feel if.?: Mood as input to a role fulfillment evaluation process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 242-253.
55. MCCLELLAND, J. L., RUMELHART, D. E. & HINTON, G. E. (1986.) The appeal of parallel distributed processing. En D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (Eds.). Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition (Vol. 1, pp. 3-44). Cambridge: MIT Press.
56. MCGUIRE, W. J. (1969). The nature of attitudes and attitude change. En G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Ed.), Handbook of Social Psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 136-314). Reading: Addison-Wesley.
57. NOLEN-HOEKSEMA, S., MCBRIDE, A. & LARSEN, J. (1997). Rumination and physiological distress among bereaved partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 855-862.
58. OTTATI, V. C. & ISBELL, L. M. (1996). Effects of mood during exposure to target information on subsequently reported judgments: An on-line model of misattribution and correction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 411-425.
59. PAYNE, B. K., CHENG, C. M., GOVORUN, O. & STEWART, B. D. (2005). An Inkblot for Attitudes: Affect Misattribution as Implicit Measurement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 277-293
60. PARROT, W. G. & SABINI, J. (1990). Mood and memory under natural conditions: Evidence for mood incongruent recall. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 59, 321-336.
61. PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (2006a). Understanding social judgment: Multiple systems and processes. Psychological Inquiry, 17, 217-223.
62. PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (2006b). A meta-cognitive approach to "implicit" and "explicit" evaluations: Comment on Gawronski and Bodenhausen (2006). Psychological Bulletin, 132, 740-744.
63. PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (2008a). Persuasion: From single to multiple to meta-cognitive processes. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 137-147.
64. PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (2008b). Psychological processes underlying persuasion. Diogenes, 217, 52-67.
65. PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (en prensa). Attitude Change. En R. F. Baumeister & E. J. Finkel (Eds.), Advanced Social Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
66. PETTY, R. E., BRIÑOL, P. & DEMARREE, K. G. (2007). The Meta-Cognitive Model (MCM) of attitudes: Implications for attitude measurement, change, and strength. Social Cognition, 25, 609-642.
67. PETTY, R. E., BRIÑOL, P. & TORMALA, Z. L. (2002). Thought confidence as a determinant of persuasion: The self-validation hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 722-741.
68. PETTY, R. E., BRIÑOL, P., LOERSCH, C. & MCCASLIN, M. J. (2009). The need for cognition. En M. R. Leary & R. H. Hoyle (Eds.), Handbook of individual differences in social behavior (pp. 318-329). Nueva York: Guilford Press.
69. PETTY, R. E., BRIÑOL, P., TORMALA, Z. L. & WEGENER, D. T. (2007). The role of meta-cognition in social judgment. En E. T. Higgins & A. W. Kruglanski, (Eds.), Social psychology: A handbook of basic principles (2a ed., pp. 254-284). Nueva York: Guilford Press.
70. PETTY, R. E. & CACIOPPO, J. T. (1986). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. Nueva York: Springer-Verlag.
71. PETTY, R. E., DEMARREE, K. G., BRIÑOL, P., HORCAJO, J. & STRATHMAN, A. J. (2008). Need for cognition can magnify or attenuate priming effects in social judgment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 900-912.
72. PETTY, R. E., HAUGTVEDT, C. & SMITH, S. M. (1995). Elaboration as a determinant of attitude strength: Creating attitudes that are persistent, resistant, and predictive of behavior. En R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 93-130). Mahwah: L. Erlbaum.
73. PETTY, R. E. & KROSNICK, J. A. (1995). Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
74. PETTY, R. E., OSTROM, T. M. & BROCK, T. C. (1981). Historical foundations of the cognitive response approach to attitudes and persuasion. En R. Petty, T. Ostrom, & T. Brock (Eds.), Cognitive responses in persuasion (pp. 5-29). Hillsdale: L. Erlbaum.
75. PETTY, R. E., SCHUMANN, D. W., RICHMAN, S. A. & STRATHMAN, A. J. (1993). Positive mood and persuasion: different roles for affect under high and low elaboration conditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 5-20.
76. PETTY, R. E. & WEGENER, D. T. (1998). Attitude change. En D. Gilbert, S. Fiske & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (4a ed., Vol. 1, pp. 323-390). Nueva York: McGraw-Hill.
77. PETTY, R. E. & WEGENER, D. T. (1999). The Elaboration Likelihood Model: Current status and controversies. En S. Chaiken & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual process theories in social psychology (pp. 41-72). Nueva York: Guilford Press.
78. PETTY, R. E., WEGENER, D. T. & WHITE, P. (1998). Flexible correction processes in social judgment: Implications for persuasion. Social Cognition, 16, 93-113.
79. RUCKER, D. D., BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2009). The role of meta-cognition in relying on one's emotions. Manuscrito sometido a revisión.
80. SCHERER, K. R. (1984). Emotion as process: Function, origin, and regulation. Social Science Information, 21, 555-570.
81. SCHWARZ, N. & BLESS, H. (1992). Constructing reality and its alternatives: An inclusion/exclusion model of assimilation and contrast effects in social judgment. En L. L. Martin & A. Tesser (Eds.), The construction of social judgments (pp. 217-245). Hillsdale: L. Erlbaum.
82. SCHWARZ, N., BLESS, H. & BOHNER (1991). Mood and persuasion: Affective states influence the processing of persuasive communications. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 195-202.
83. SCHWARZ, N., BLESS, H., STRACK, F., KLUMPP, G., RITTENAUER-SCHATKA, H. & SIMONS, A. (1991). Ease of retrieval as information: Another look at the availability heuristic. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 195-202.
84. SCHWARZ, N. & CLORE, G. L. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 513-523.
85. SEDIKIDES, C. (1995). Central and peripheral self-conceptions are differentially influenced by mood: Tests of the differential sensitivity hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 759-777.
86. SEGERSTROM, S. C., STANTON, A. L., ALDEN, L. E. & SHORTRIDGE, B. E. (2003). A multidimensional structure for repetitive thought: What's on your mind, and how, and how much? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 909-921.
87. SINCLAIR, R. C., MARK, M. M. & CLORE, G. L. (1994). Mood-related persuasion depends on (mis)attributions. Social Cognition, 12, 309-326.
88. SMITH, C. A. & ELLSWORTH, P. C. (1985). Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 813-838.
89. SPENCER, S. J., ZANNA, M. P. & FONG, G. T. (2005). Establishing a causal chain: Why experiments are often more effective in examining psychological process than mediational analyses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 845-851.
90. STAATS, A. W. & STAATS, C. K. (1958). Attitudes establish by classical conditioning. Journal of General Psychology, 67, 159-167.
91. STRACK, F. & MUSSWEILER, T. (2001). Resisting influence: Judgmental correction and its goals. En J. Forgas & K. Williams (Eds.), Social influence processes: Direct and indirect influences (pp. 199-212). Nueva York: The Psychology Press.
92. TIEDENS, L. Z. & LINTON, S. (2001). Judgment under emotional certainty and uncertainty: The effects of specific emotions on information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 973-988.
93. TORMALA, Z. L., BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2006). When credibility attacks: The reverse impact of source credibility on persuasion. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42, 684-691.
94. TORMALA, Z. L., BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2007). Multiple roles for source credibility under high elaboration: It's all in the timing. Social Cognition, 25, 536-552.
95. TORMALA, Z. L., FALCES, C., BRIÑOL, P. & PETTY, R. E. (2007). Ease of retrieval effects in social judgment: The role of unrequested cognitions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 143-157.
96. TORMALA, Z. L., PETTY, R. E. & BRIÑOL, P. (2002). Ease of retrieval effects in persuasion: A self-validation analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1700-1712.
97. WATKINS, E. R. (2008). Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought. Psychological Bulletin, 134, 163-206.
98. WEGENER, D. T. & PETTY, R. E. (1997). The flexible correction model: The role of naive theories of bias in bias correction. En M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 29, pp. 141-208). San Diego: Academic Press.
99. WEGENER, D. T., PETTY, R. E. & SMITH, S. M. (1995). Positive mood can increase or decrease message scrutiny: The hedonic contingency view of mood and message processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 5-15.
100. WEGNER, D. M. (1994). Ironic processes of mental control. Psychological Review, 101, 34-52.
101. WEGNER, D. M., ERBER, R. & ZANAKOS, S. (1993). Ironic processes in the mental control of mood and mood-related thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1093-1104.
102. WILSON, T. D. & BREKKE, N. (1994). Mental contamination and mental correction: Unwanted influences on judgments and evaluations. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 117-142.
103. WILSON, T. D., CENTERBAR, D. B., KERMER, D. A. & GILBERT, D. T. (2005). The pleasures of uncertainty: Prolonging positive moods in ways people do not anticipate. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 5-21.
104. WYER, R. S., JR., CLORE, G. L. & ISBELL, L. M. (1999). Affect and information processing. En M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 31, pp. 1-77). San Diego: Academic Press.
105. ZAJONC, R. B. (1968). Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Monograph Supplements, 9, 1-27.