Observed self-similarity of precipitation regimes over the tropical oceans

Journal of Climate

Volumn 23, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 2686-2698

  Elsaesser, Gregory S ^a   Kummerow, Christian D ^a   Lecuyer, Tristan S ^a   Takayabu, Yukari N ^b   Shige, Shoichi ^c  

^a Department of Mechanical Engineering   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^c Osaka Prefecture University   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIMODAL DISTRIBUTION; CLOUD TYPES; CLUSTER CENTROIDS; CLUSTER ENSEMBLES; CONVECTIVE RAIN; DIABATIC HEATING; DIMENSIONAL SPACES; EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE; HEATING UP; INDEPENDENT CLUSTERS; K-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM; MULTIMODAL DISTRIBUTIONS; OCEAN BASINS; PRECIPITATING CLOUDS; PRECIPITATION RADAR; PRECIPITATION STRUCTURE; RAINFALL RATES; SELF-SIMILARITIES; SHALLOW CONVECTION; TROPICAL OCEAN; TROPICAL RAINFALL; TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSIONS; UNIMODAL DISTRIBUTION;

CLUSTERING ALGORITHMS; HEATING; OCEANOGRAPHY; RAIN GAGES; TROPICS;

RAIN;

ALGORITHM; ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; CLOUD; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DIABATIC PROCESS; PRECIPITATION INTENSITY; RADAR IMAGERY; RAINFALL;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (TROPICAL); INDIAN OCEAN; INDIAN OCEAN (TROPICAL);

EID: 77954356446     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010JCLI3330.1     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Anderberg, M. R., 1973: Cluster Analysis for Applications. Academic Press, 359 pp.
2. Berg, W., C. D. Kummerow, and C. Morales, 2002: Differences between east and west Pacic rainfall systems. J. Climate, 15, 3659-3672.
3. Boccippio, D. J., W.A. Petersen, and D. J. Cecil, 2004: The tropical convective spectrum. Part I: Archetypal vertical structures. J. Climate, 18, 2744-2769.
4. Caine, S., C. Jakob, S. Siems, and P. May, 2009: Objective classication of precipitating convective regimes using aweather radar in Darwin, Australia. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 1585-1600.
5. Houze, R. A., Jr., 1997: Stratiform precipitation in regions of convection: A meteorological paradox? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2179-2196.
6. Houze, R. A., Jr., and A. K. Betts, 1981: Convection in GATE. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 19, 541-576.
7. Iguchi, T., T. Kozu, R. Meneghini, J. Awaka, and K. Okamoto, 2000: Rain-proling algorithm for the TRMM precipitation radar. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 2038-2052.
8. Jakob, C., and G. Tselioudis, 2003: Objective identication of cloud regimes in the Tropical Western Pacic. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2082, doi:10.1029/2003GL018367.
9. Jakob, C., G. Tselioudis, and T. Hume, 2005: The radiative, cloud, and thermodynamic properties of the major tropical western Pacic cloud regimes. J. Climate, 18, 1203-1215.
10. Johnson, R. H., T.M. Rickenbach, S. A. Rutledge, P. E. Ciesielski, and W. H. Schubert, 1999: Trimodal characteristics of tropical convection. J. Climate, 12, 2397-2418.
11. L'Ecuyer, T. S., and G. L. Stephens, 2003: The tropical oceanic energy budget from the TRMM perspective. Part I:Algorithm and uncertainties. J. Climate, 16, 1967-1985.
12. L'Ecuyer, T. S., and G. L. Stephens, 2007: The tropical oceanic energy budget from the TRMM perspective. Part II: Evaluating GCM representations of the sensitivity of regional energy and water cycles to the 1998-99 ENSO cycle. J. Climate, 20, 4548-4571.
13. L'Ecuyer, T. S., and G. McGarragh, 2010: A 10-yr climatology of tropical radiative heating and its vertical structure from TRMM observations. J. Climate, 23, 519-541.
14. Luo, Z., G. Y. Liu, G. L. Stephens, and R. H. Johnson, 2009: Terminal versus transient cumulus congestus: A CloudSat perspective. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L05808, doi:10.1029/2008GL036927.
15. Mapes, B., S. Tulich, J. Lin, and P. Zuidema, 2006: The mesoscale convection life-cycle: Building block or prototype for large-scale tropical waves? Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 42, 3-29.
16. Masunaga, H., and C. D. Kummerow, 2006: Observations of tropical precipitating clouds ranging from shallow to deep convective systems. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L16805, doi:10.1029/2006GL026547.
17. Rossow, W. B., G. Tselioudis, A. Polak, and C. Jakob, 2005: Tropical climate described as a distribution of weather states indicated by distinct mesoscale cloud property mixtures. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L21812, doi:10.1029/2005GL024584.
18. Shige, S., Y. N. Takayabu, W.-K. Tao, and D. E. Johnson, 2004: Spectral retrieval of latent heating proles from TRMM PR data. Part I: Development of a model-based algorithm. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 1095-1113.
19. Shige, S., Y. N. Takayabu, W.-K. Tao, and C.-L. Shie, 2007: Spectral retrieval of latent heating proles from TRMM PR data. Part II: Algorithm improvement and heating estimates over tropical ocean regions. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 46, 1098-1124.
20. Short, D. A., and K. Nakamura, 2000: TRMM radar observations of shallow precipitation over the tropical oceans. J. Climate, 13, 4107-4124.
21. Warren, S. G., C. J. Hahn, and J. London, 1985: Simultaneous occurrence of different cloud types. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 24, 658-667.
22. Yanai, M., S. Esbensen, and J.-H. Chu, 1973: Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 611-627.
23. Zhang, Y., S. Klein, G. G. Mace, and J. Boyle, 2007: Cluster analysis of tropical clouds using CloudSat data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L12813, doi:10.1029/2007GL029336.
24. Zuidema, P., andB.Mapes, 2008:Cloud vertical structure observed from space and ship over the Bay of Bengal and the eastern tropical Pacic. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 86A, 205-218.