메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 12, 2003, Pages 1967-1985

The tropical oceanic energy budget from the TRMM perspective. Part I: Algorithm and uncertainties

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; EARTH (PLANET); ENERGY TRANSFER; OCEAN ENGINEERING; PRECIPITATION (CHEMICAL); SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SOLAR RADIATION;

EID: 0042847367     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<1967:TTOEBF>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0026272729 scopus 로고
    • The radiative effects of clouds and their impact on climate
    • Arking, A., 1991: The radiative effects of clouds and their impact on climate, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 795-813.
    • (1991) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.72 , pp. 795-813
    • Arking, A.1
  • 2
    • 0035066107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite-derived surface radiation budget over the African continent. Part I: Estimation of downward solar irradiance and albedo
    • Ba, M. B., R. Frouin, S. E. Nicholson, and G. Dedieu, 2001a: Satellite-derived surface radiation budget over the African continent. Part I: Estimation of downward solar irradiance and albedo. J. Climate, 14, 45-58.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 45-58
    • Ba, M.B.1    Frouin, R.2    Nicholson, S.E.3    Dedieu, G.4
  • 3
    • 0035072285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite-derived surface radiation budget over the African continent. Part II: Climatologies of the various components
    • Ba, M. B., S. E. Nicholson, and R. Frouin, 2001b: Satellite-derived surface radiation budget over the African continent. Part II: Climatologies of the various components. J. Climate, 14, 60-76.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 60-76
    • Ba, M.B.1    Nicholson, S.E.2    Frouin, R.3
  • 4
    • 0031445884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface solar irradiance from the international satellite cloud climatology project 1983-1991
    • Bishop, J. K. B., W. B. Rossow, and G. Ellsworth, 1997: Surface solar irradiance from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project 1983-1991. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 6883-6910.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 6883-6910
    • Bishop, J.K.B.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Ellsworth, G.3
  • 5
    • 0028192613 scopus 로고
    • Global shortwave energy budget at the Earth's surface from ERBE observations
    • Breon, F.-M., R. Frouin, and C. Gautier, 1994: Global shortwave energy budget at the Earth's surface from ERBE observations. J. Climate, 7, 309-324.
    • (1994) J. Climate , vol.7 , pp. 309-324
    • Breon, F.-M.1    Frouin, R.2    Gautier, C.3
  • 6
    • 0034076137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiative effects of cloud-type variations
    • Chen, T., W. B. Rossow, and Y. Zhang, 2000: Radiative effects of cloud-type variations. J. Climate, 13, 264-286.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 264-286
    • Chen, T.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 7
    • 0026266575 scopus 로고
    • A study of the diabatic heating associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • Chen, T.-C., and M.-C. Yen, 1991: A study of the diabatic heating associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13 163-13 177.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 13163-13177
    • Chen, T.-C.1    Yen, M.-C.2
  • 8
    • 0043035582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of explicit cloud boundary information on ice cloud microphysical property retrievals from infrared radiances
    • doi: 10.1029/2002JD002611
    • Cooper, S. J., T. S. L'Ecuyer, and G. L. Stephens, 2003: The impact of explicit cloud boundary information on ice cloud microphysical property retrievals from infrared radiances. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4107, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002611.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 4107
    • Cooper, S.J.1    L'Ecuyer, T.S.2    Stephens, G.L.3
  • 9
    • 0025224318 scopus 로고
    • The information content of data from satellite sounding systems: A simulation study
    • Eyre, J. R., 1990: The information content of data from satellite sounding systems: A simulation study. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116, 401-434.
    • (1990) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.116 , pp. 401-434
    • Eyre, J.R.1
  • 10
    • 0027878913 scopus 로고
    • Assimilation of TOVS radiance information through one-dimensional variational analysis
    • Eyre, J. R., G. A. Kelly, A. P. McNally, E. Anderson, and A. Persson, 1993: Assimilation of TOVS radiance information through one-dimensional variational analysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 1427-1463.
    • (1993) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 1427-1463
    • Eyre, J.R.1    Kelly, G.A.2    McNally, A.P.3    Anderson, E.4    Persson, A.5
  • 11
    • 0027086186 scopus 로고
    • On the correlated k-distribution method for radiative transfer in nonhomogeneous atmospheres
    • Fu, Q., and K.-N. Liou, 1992: On the correlated k-distribution method for radiative transfer in nonhomogeneous atmospheres. J. Atmos Sci., 49, 2139-2156.
    • (1992) J. Atmos Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 2139-2156
    • Fu, Q.1    Liou, K.-N.2
  • 12
    • 0019165888 scopus 로고
    • Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation
    • Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
    • (1980) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.106 , pp. 447-462
    • Gill, A.E.1
  • 13
    • 0024783371 scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing of ocean surface winds with the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager
    • Goodberlet, M. A., C. T. Swift, and J. C. Wilkerson, 1989: Remote sensing of ocean surface winds with the Special Sensor Microwave/ Imager. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14 547-14 555.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , pp. 14547-14555
    • Goodberlet, M.A.1    Swift, C.T.2    Wilkerson, J.C.3
  • 14
    • 0027835458 scopus 로고
    • A physical retrieval of cloud liquid water over the global oceans using special sensor microwave/imager (SSM/1) observations
    • Greenwald, T. J., G. L. Stephens, T. H. Vonder Haar, and D. L. Jackson, 1993: A physical retrieval of cloud liquid water over the global oceans using special sensor microwave/imager (SSM/ 1) observations. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 18 471-18 488.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 18471-18488
    • Greenwald, T.J.1    Stephens, G.L.2    Vonder Haar, T.H.3    Jackson, D.L.4
  • 15
    • 17744412730 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of surface and atmospheric cloud radiative forcing over the globe derived from satellite data
    • Gupta, S. K., W. F. Staylor, W. L. Darnell, A. C. Wilber, and N. A. Ritchey, 1993: Seasonal variation of surface and atmospheric cloud radiative forcing over the globe derived from satellite data. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20 761 20 778.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 20761-20778
    • Gupta, S.K.1    Staylor, W.F.2    Darnell, W.L.3    Wilber, A.C.4    Ritchey, N.A.5
  • 16
    • 0001120393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global survey of the relationships of cloud albedo and liquid water path with droplet size using ISCCP
    • Han, Q., W. B. Rossow, J. Chou, and R. M. Welch, 1998: Global survey of the relationships of cloud albedo and liquid water path with droplet size using ISCCP. J. Climate, 11, 1516-1528.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1516-1528
    • Han, Q.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Chou, J.3    Welch, R.M.4
  • 17
    • 0025584973 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of cloud radiative forcing derived from the Earth radiation budget experiment
    • Harrison, E. F., P. Minnis, B. R. Barkstrom, V. Ramanathan, R. D Cess, and G. G. Gibson, 1990: Seasonal variation of cloud radiative forcing derived from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18 687-18 703.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 18687-18703
    • Harrison, E.F.1    Minnis, P.2    Barkstrom, B.R.3    Ramanathan, V.4    Cess, R.D.5    Gibson, G.G.6
  • 18
    • 0019214557 scopus 로고
    • On the use of earth radiation budget statistics for studies of clouds and climate
    • Hartmann, D. L., and D. A. Short, 1980: On the use of earth radiation budget statistics for studies of clouds and climate. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1233-1250.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 1233-1250
    • Hartmann, D.L.1    Short, D.A.2
  • 19
    • 0021174331 scopus 로고
    • Some implications of the mesoscale circulation in tropical cloud clusters for large-scale dynamics and climate
    • Hartmann, D. L., H. H. Hendon, and R. A. Houze Jr., 1984: Some implications of the mesoscale circulation in tropical cloud clusters for large-scale dynamics and climate. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 113-121.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 113-121
    • Hartmann, D.L.1    Hendon, H.H.2    Houze R.A., Jr.3
  • 20
    • 0000773553 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cloud type on Earth's energy balance: Global analysis
    • Hartmann, D. L., M. E. Ockert-Bell, and M. L. Michelsen, 1992: The effect of cloud type on Earth's energy balance: Global analysis. J. Climate, 5, 1281-1304.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 1281-1304
    • Hartmann, D.L.1    Ockert-Bell, M.E.2    Michelsen, M.L.3
  • 21
    • 0035891754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shortwave radiation budget of the Southern Hemisphere using ISSCP C2 and NCEP-NCAR climatological data
    • Hatzianastassiou, N., and I. Vardavas, 2001: Shortwave radiation budget of the Southern Hemisphere using ISSCP C2 and NCEP-NCAR climatological data. J. Climate, 14, 4319-4329.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 4319-4329
    • Hatzianastassiou, N.1    Vardavas, I.2
  • 22
    • 0025662416 scopus 로고
    • On the use of satellite derived heating rates for data assimilation within the Tropics
    • Heckley, W. A., G. Kelly, and M. Tiedke, 1990: On the use of satellite derived heating rates for data assimilation within the Tropics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1743-1757.
    • (1990) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 1743-1757
    • Heckley, W.A.1    Kelly, G.2    Tiedke, M.3
  • 23
    • 0001994342 scopus 로고
    • On the temperature and effective emissivity determination of semitransparent cirrus clouds by bispectral measurements in the 10 μm window region
    • Inoue, T., 1985: On the temperature and effective emissivity determination of semitransparent cirrus clouds by bispectral measurements in the 10 μm window region. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 63, 88-98.
    • (1985) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.63 , pp. 88-98
    • Inoue, T.1
  • 24
    • 0030503871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of precipitation data for diabatic initialization to improve the tropical analysis of divergence and moisture
    • Kasahara, A., and A. P. Mizzi, 1996: Use of precipitation data for diabatic initialization to improve the tropical analysis of divergence and moisture. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 60, 143-156.
    • (1996) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.60 , pp. 143-156
    • Kasahara, A.1    Mizzi, A.P.2
  • 25
    • 0000847315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing of tropospheric aerosols from space: Past, present, and future
    • King, M. D., Y. J. Kaufman, D. Tanré, and T. Nakajima, 1999: Remote sensing of tropospheric aerosols from space: Past, present, and future. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 80, 2229-2259.
    • (1999) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.80 , pp. 2229-2259
    • King, M.D.1    Kaufman, Y.J.2    Tanré, D.3    Nakajima, T.4
  • 26
    • 0022841447 scopus 로고
    • Global scale intraseasonal oscillations of outgoing long wave radiation and 250 mb zonal wind during Northern Hemisphere summer
    • Knutson, T. R., K. M. Weickmann, and J. E. Kutzbach, 1986: Global scale intraseasonal oscillations of outgoing long wave radiation and 250 mb zonal wind during Northern Hemisphere summer. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 605-623.
    • (1986) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.114 , pp. 605-623
    • Knutson, T.R.1    Weickmann, K.M.2    Kutzbach, J.E.3
  • 27
    • 0028254927 scopus 로고
    • A passive microwave technique for estimating rainfall and vertical structure information from space. Part I: Algorithm description
    • Kummerow, C., and L. Giglio, 1994: A passive microwave technique for estimating rainfall and vertical structure information from space. Part I: Algorithm description. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 3-18.
    • (1994) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.33 , pp. 3-18
    • Kummerow, C.1    Giglio, L.2
  • 28
    • 0034465994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The status of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) after two years in orbit
    • Coauthors
    • Kummerow, C., and Coauthors, 2000: The status of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) after two years in orbit. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1965-1982.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.39 , pp. 1965-1982
    • Kummerow, C.1
  • 29
    • 0000387285 scopus 로고
    • Origin of low-frequency (intraseasonal) oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Part I: Basic theory
    • Lau, K.-M., and L. Peng, 1987: Origin of low-frequency (intraseasonal) oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Part I: Basic theory, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 950-972.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 950-972
    • Lau, K.-M.1    Peng, L.2
  • 30
    • 0036648933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An uncertainty model for Monte Carlo retrieval algorithms: Application to the TRMM observing system
    • L'Ecuyer, T. S., and G. L. Stephens, 2002: An uncertainty model for Monte Carlo retrieval algorithms: Application to the TRMM observing system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 1713-1737.
    • (2002) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 1713-1737
    • L'Ecuyer, T.S.1    Stephens, G.L.2
  • 31
    • 0001065077 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of SW flux absorbed at the surface from TOA reflected flux
    • Li, Z., H. G. Leighton, K. Masuda, and T. Takashima, 1993: Estimation of SW flux absorbed at the surface from TOA reflected flux. J. Climate, 6, 317-330.
    • (1993) J. Climate , vol.6 , pp. 317-330
    • Li, Z.1    Leighton, H.G.2    Masuda, K.3    Takashima, T.4
  • 32
    • 0020344706 scopus 로고
    • Interannual variations of outgoing IR associated with tropical circulation changes during 1974-1978
    • Liebmann, B., and D. L. Hartmann, 1982: Interannual variations of outgoing IR associated with tropical circulation changes during 1974-1978. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1153-1162.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 1153-1162
    • Liebmann, B.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 33
    • 0022846515 scopus 로고
    • Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate processes: A global perspective
    • Liou, K.-N., 1986: Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate processes: A global perspective. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1167-1199.
    • (1986) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.114 , pp. 1167-1199
    • Liou, K.-N.1
  • 34
    • 0000107799 scopus 로고
    • Description of global-scale circulation cells in the tropics with a 40-50 day period
    • Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1972: Description of global-scale circulation cells in the tropics with a 40-50 day period. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1109-1123.
    • (1972) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 1109-1123
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 35
    • 0001256212 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of raindrops with size
    • Marshall, J. S., and W. H. Palmer, 1948: The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166.
    • (1948) J. Meteor. , vol.5 , pp. 165-166
    • Marshall, J.S.1    Palmer, W.H.2
  • 36
    • 0037182642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical properties of maritime low clouds as retrieved by combined use of tropical rainfall measurement mission microwave imager and visible/infrared scanner: Algorithm
    • doi:10.1029/2001JD000743
    • Masunaga, H., T. Y. Nakajima, T. Nakajima, M. Kachi, R. Oki, and S. Kuroda, 2002: Physical properties of maritime low clouds as retrieved by combined use of Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission Microwave Imager and Visible/Infrared Scanner: Algorithm. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D10), 4083, doi:10.1029/ 2001JD000743.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.10 D , pp. 4083
    • Masunaga, H.1    Nakajima, T.Y.2    Nakajima, T.3    Kachi, M.4    Oki, R.5    Kuroda, S.6
  • 38
    • 0034651145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud droplet size distributions in low-level stratiform clouds
    • Miles, N. L., J. Verlinde, and E. E. Clothiaux, 2000: Cloud droplet size distributions in low-level stratiform clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 295-311.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.57 , pp. 295-311
    • Miles, N.L.1    Verlinde, J.2    Clothiaux, E.E.3
  • 40
    • 0004853404 scopus 로고
    • A simple model of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation
    • Miyahara, S., 1987: A simple model of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 65, 341-351.
    • (1987) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.65 , pp. 341-351
    • Miyahara, S.1
  • 41
    • 0035441117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability of cloud forcing and meridional energy transport for the Northern Hemisphere winter from 1984-1990
    • Moore, R. W., and T. H. Vonder Haar, 2001: Interannual variability of cloud forcing and meridional energy transport for the Northern Hemisphere winter from 1984-1990. J. Climate, 14, 3643-3654.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 3643-3654
    • Moore, R.W.1    Vonder Haar, T.H.2
  • 42
    • 0032740477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric latent heating distributions in the Tropics derived from satellite passive microwave radiometer measurements
    • Olson, W. S., C. D. Kummerow, Y. Hong, and W.-K. Tao, 1999: Atmospheric latent heating distributions in the Tropics derived from satellite passive microwave radiometer measurements. J. Appl. Meteor., 38, 633-664.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.38 , pp. 633-664
    • Olson, W.S.1    Kummerow, C.D.2    Hong, Y.3    Tao, W.-K.4
  • 43
    • 0001309923 scopus 로고
    • Budget of angular momentum and energy in tropical cyclones
    • Palmén, E., and H. Riehl, 1957: Budget of angular momentum and energy in tropical cyclones. J. Meteor., 14, 150-159.
    • (1957) J. Meteor. , vol.14 , pp. 150-159
    • Palmén, E.1    Riehl, H.2
  • 44
    • 0019138783 scopus 로고
    • Cloud-radiation feedback to climate
    • Paltridge, G. W., 1980: Cloud-radiation feedback to climate. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 895-899.
    • (1980) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.106 , pp. 895-899
    • Paltridge, G.W.1
  • 46
    • 0000943269 scopus 로고
    • Thin cirrus clouds: Seasonal distribution over oceans deduced from Nimbus-4 IRIS
    • Prabhakara, C., R. S. Fraser, G. Dalu, M.-L. C. Wu, and R. J. Curran, 1988: Thin cirrus clouds: Seasonal distribution over oceans deduced from Nimbus-4 IRIS. J. Appl. Meteor., 27, 379-399.
    • (1988) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.27 , pp. 379-399
    • Prabhakara, C.1    Fraser, R.S.2    Dalu, G.3    Wu, M.-L.C.4    Curran, R.J.5
  • 47
    • 0027079443 scopus 로고
    • The use of infrared satellite cloud imagery data as proxy data for moisture and diabatic heating in data assimilation
    • Puri, K., and N. E. Davidson, 1992: The use of infrared satellite cloud imagery data as proxy data for moisture and diabatic heating in data assimilation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2329-2341.
    • (1992) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.120 , pp. 2329-2341
    • Puri, K.1    Davidson, N.E.2
  • 48
    • 3342916218 scopus 로고
    • On the interannual variation of the earth radiation balance
    • Randel, D., and T. H. Vonder Haar, 1990: On the interannual variation of the earth radiation balance. Nature, 342, 1168-1173.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.342 , pp. 1168-1173
    • Randel, D.1    Vonder Haar, T.H.2
  • 49
    • 0001231914 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of Hurricane Daisy
    • Riehl, H., and J. S. Malkus, 1961: Some aspects of Hurricane Daisy. Tellus, 13, 181-213.
    • (1961) Tellus , vol.13 , pp. 181-213
    • Riehl, H.1    Malkus, J.S.2
  • 50
    • 0007699933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of the Earth's radiation budget to interannual variations in cloud amount
    • Ringer, M. A., and K. P. Shine, 1997: Sensitivity of the Earth's radiation budget to interannual variations in cloud amount. Climate Dyn., 13, 213-222.
    • (1997) Climate Dyn. , vol.13 , pp. 213-222
    • Ringer, M.A.1    Shine, K.P.2
  • 51
    • 0026486877 scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive radiation scheme for numerical weather prediction models with potential applications in climate simulations
    • Ritter, B., and J.-F. Geleyn, 1992: A comprehensive radiation scheme for numerical weather prediction models with potential applications in climate simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 303-325.
    • (1992) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.120 , pp. 303-325
    • Ritter, B.1    Geleyn, J.-F.2
  • 52
    • 0000813474 scopus 로고
    • Global, seasonal cloud variations from satellite radiance measurements Part II: Cloud properties and radiative effects
    • Rossow, W. B., and A. A. Lacis, 1990: Global, seasonal cloud variations from satellite radiance measurements. Part II: Cloud properties and radiative effects. J. Climate, 3, 1204-1253.
    • (1990) J. Climate , vol.3 , pp. 1204-1253
    • Rossow, W.B.1    Lacis, A.A.2
  • 53
    • 0028977681 scopus 로고
    • Calculation of surface and top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets. 2. Validation and first results
    • Rossow, W. B., and Y.-C. Zhang. 1995: Calculation of surface and top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets. 2. Validation and first results, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1167-1197.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 1167-1197
    • Rossow, W.B.1    Zhang, Y.-C.2
  • 54
    • 0003030252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cirrus: A modern perspective
    • D. K. Lynch et al., Eds., Oxford University Press
    • Sassen, K., 2002: Cirrus: A modern perspective. Cirrus, D. K. Lynch et al., Eds., Oxford University Press, 11-40.
    • (2002) Cirrus , pp. 11-40
    • Sassen, K.1
  • 56
    • 0024197508 scopus 로고
    • The response of a general circulation model to cloud longwave radiative forcing. I: Introduction and initial experiments
    • Slingo, A., and J. M. Slingo, 1988: The response of a general circulation model to cloud longwave radiative forcing. I: Introduction and initial experiments. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor Soc., 114, 1027-1062.
    • (1988) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor Soc. , vol.114 , pp. 1027-1062
    • Slingo, A.1    Slingo, J.M.2
  • 57
    • 0026299160 scopus 로고
    • The response of a general circulation model to cloud longwave radiative forcing. II: Further studies
    • Slingo, J.M., and A. Slingo, 1991: The response of a general circulation model to cloud longwave radiative forcing. II: Further studies. Quart, J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 333-364.
    • (1991) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 333-364
    • Slingo, J.M.1    Slingo, A.2
  • 58
    • 0001146917 scopus 로고
    • Global energy transports and the influence of clouds on transport requirements: A satellite analysis
    • Sohn, B.-J., and E. A. Smith, 1992a: Global energy transports and the influence of clouds on transport requirements: A satellite analysis. J. Climate, 5, 717-734.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 717-734
    • Sohn, B.-J.1    Smith, E.A.2
  • 59
    • 0003662284 scopus 로고
    • The modulation of the low-latitude radiation budget by cloud and surface forcing on interannual time scales
    • Sohn, B.-J., and E. A. Smith, 1992b: The modulation of the low-latitude radiation budget by cloud and surface forcing on interannual time scales. J. Climate, 5, 831-846.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 831-846
    • Sohn, B.-J.1    Smith, E.A.2
  • 60
    • 0027100756 scopus 로고
    • The significance of cloud-radiative forcing to the general circulation on the climate time scales-A satellite interpretation
    • Sohn, B.-J., and E. A. Smith, 1992c: The significance of cloud-radiative forcing to the general circulation on the climate time scales-A satellite interpretation, J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 845-860.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 845-860
    • Sohn, B.-J.1    Smith, E.A.2
  • 62
    • 0041532721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cirrus, climate, and global change
    • D. K. Lynch et al., Eds., Oxford University Press
    • Stephens, G. L., 2002: Cirrus, climate, and global change. Cirrus, D. K. Lynch et al., Eds., Oxford University Press, 433-448.
    • (2002) Cirrus , pp. 433-448
    • Stephens, G.L.1
  • 63
    • 0000388126 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of radiative forcing to variable cloud and moisture
    • Stephens, G. L., and P. J. Webster, 1979: Sensitivity of radiative forcing to variable cloud and moisture. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1542-1556.
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 1542-1556
    • Stephens, G.L.1    Webster, P.J.2
  • 64
    • 0026266554 scopus 로고
    • The Earth's radiation budget and its relation to atmospheric hydrology 1. Observations of the clear sky greenhouse effect
    • Stephens, G. L., and T. J. Greenwald, 1991a: The Earth's radiation budget and its relation to atmospheric hydrology. 1. Observations of the clear sky greenhouse effect. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 15 311-15 324.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 15311-15324
    • Stephens, G.L.1    Greenwald, T.J.2
  • 65
    • 0026276925 scopus 로고
    • The Earth's radiation budget and its relation to atmospheric hydrology, 2. Observations of cloud effects
    • Stephens, G. L., and T. J. Greenwald, 1991b: The Earth's radiation budget and its relation to atmospheric hydrology, 2. Observations of cloud effects. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 15 325-15 340.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 15325-15340
    • Stephens, G.L.1    Greenwald, T.J.2
  • 67
    • 0025621744 scopus 로고
    • The relevance of the microphysical and radiative properties of cirrus clouds to climate and climatic feedback
    • Stephens, G. L., S.-C. Tsay, J. P. W. Stackhouse, and P. J. Flatau, 1990: The relevance of the microphysical and radiative properties of cirrus clouds to climate and climatic feedback. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1742-1753.
    • (1990) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 1742-1753
    • Stephens, G.L.1    Tsay, S.-C.2    Stackhouse, J.P.W.3    Flatau, P.J.4
  • 68
    • 0035891693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of atmospheric radiative transfer. Part I: Validity of simple models
    • Stephens, G. L., P. M. Gabriel, and P. T. Partain, 2001: Parameterization of atmospheric radiative transfer. Part I: Validity of simple models, J. Atmos, Sci., 58, 3391-3409.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 3391-3409
    • Stephens, G.L.1    Gabriel, P.M.2    Partain, P.T.3
  • 69
    • 84936182181 scopus 로고
    • A theory of the slow phase speed of the intraseasonal oscillation using the Wave-CISK
    • Takahashi, M., 1987: A theory of the slow phase speed of the intraseasonal oscillation using the Wave-CISK. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 65, 43-49.
    • (1987) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.65 , pp. 43-49
    • Takahashi, M.1
  • 70
    • 33747898789 scopus 로고
    • Retrieval algorithms for estimating the vertical profiles of latent heat release: Their applications for TRMM
    • Tao, W.-K., S. Lang, J. Simpson, and R. Adler, 1993: Retrieval algorithms for estimating the vertical profiles of latent heat release: Their applications for TRMM, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 71, 685-700.
    • (1993) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.71 , pp. 685-700
    • Tao, W.-K.1    Lang, S.2    Simpson, J.3    Adler, R.4
  • 71
    • 0035359633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieved vertical profiles of latent heat release using TRMM rainfall products for February 1998
    • Coauthors
    • Tao, W.-K., and Coauthors, 2001: Retrieved vertical profiles of latent heat release using TRMM rainfall products for February 1998. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 957-982.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.40 , pp. 957-982
    • Tao, W.-K.1
  • 72
    • 0016929669 scopus 로고
    • A global average model of atmospheric aerosols for radiative transfer calculations
    • Toon, O. B., and J. B. Pollack, 1976: A global average model of atmospheric aerosols for radiative transfer calculations. J. Appl. Meteor., 15, 225-246.
    • (1976) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.15 , pp. 225-246
    • Toon, O.B.1    Pollack, J.B.2
  • 73
    • 0015052230 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of the Earth's radiation budget from satellites during a five-year period. Part I: Extended time and space means
    • Vonder Haar, T. H., and V. E. Suomi, 1971: Measurements of the Earth's radiation budget from satellites during a five-year period. Part I: Extended time and space means. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 305-314.
    • (1971) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 305-314
    • Vonder Haar, T.H.1    Suomi, V.E.2
  • 74
    • 0022168979 scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal (30-60 day) fluctuations of outgoing longwave radiation and 250 mb streamfunction during northern winter
    • Weickmann, K. M., G. R. Lussky, and J. E. Kutzbach, 1985: Intraseasonal (30-60 day) fluctuations of outgoing longwave radiation and 250 mb streamfunction during northern winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 941-961.
    • (1985) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.113 , pp. 941-961
    • Weickmann, K.M.1    Lussky, G.R.2    Kutzbach, J.E.3
  • 75
    • 0030873844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A well-calibrated ocean algorithm for special sensor microwave/imager
    • Wentz, F., 1997: A well-calibrated ocean algorithm for special sensor microwave/imager. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 8703-8718.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 8703-8718
    • Wentz, F.1
  • 76
    • 0034607701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite measurements of sea surface temperature through clouds
    • Wentz, F., C. Gentemann, D. Smith, and D. Chelton, 2000: Satellite measurements of sea surface temperature through clouds. Science, 288, 847-850.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 847-850
    • Wentz, F.1    Gentemann, C.2    Smith, D.3    Chelton, D.4
  • 78
    • 18244385535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for large decadal variability in the tropical mean radiative energy budget
    • Coauthors
    • Wielicki, B. A., and Coauthors, 2001: Evidence for large decadal variability in the tropical mean radiative energy budget. Science, 295, 841-844.
    • (2001) Science , vol.295 , pp. 841-844
    • Wielicki, B.A.1
  • 79
    • 0000877955 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of solar total irradiance and its variability
    • Willson, R. C., 1984: Measurements of solar total irradiance and its variability. Space Sci. Rev., 38, 203-242.
    • (1984) Space Sci. Rev. , vol.38 , pp. 203-242
    • Willson, R.C.1
  • 80
    • 0038411054 scopus 로고
    • Dynamical aspects of typhoon formation
    • Yanai, M., 1961: Dynamical aspects of typhoon formation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 39, 283-309.
    • (1961) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.39 , pp. 283-309
    • Yanai, M.1
  • 81
    • 0001108779 scopus 로고
    • Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets
    • Yanai, M., S. Esbensen, and J.-H. Chu, 1973: Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 611-627.
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 611-627
    • Yanai, M.1    Esbensen, S.2    Chu, J.-H.3
  • 82
    • 0033117276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four-dimensional structure of monthly latent heating derived from SSM/I satellite measurements
    • Yang, S., and E. A. Smith, 1999a: Four-dimensional structure of monthly latent heating derived from SSM/I satellite measurements. J. Climate, 12, 1016-1037.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 1016-1037
    • Yang, S.1    Smith, E.A.2
  • 84
    • 0033730319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical structure and transient behavior of convective-stratiform heating in TOGA COARE from combined satellite-sounding analysis
    • Yang, S., and E. A. Smith, 2000: Vertical structure and transient behavior of convective-stratiform heating in TOGA COARE from combined satellite-sounding analysis, J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1491-1513.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.39 , pp. 1491-1513
    • Yang, S.1    Smith, E.A.2
  • 85
    • 0028977685 scopus 로고
    • Calculation of surface and top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets. I. Method and sensitivity to input data uncertainties
    • Zhang, Y.-C., W. B. Rossow, and A.A. Lacis, 1995: Calculation of surface and top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets. I. Method and sensitivity to input data uncertainties. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1149-1165.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 1149-1165
    • Zhang, Y.-C.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Lacis, A.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.