Children's perceptions of social groups

New Research on Social Perception

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-45

  Nesdale, Drew ^a  

^a GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77954278743     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (130)

1. Aboud, F. (1988). Children and prejudice. Oxford: Blackwell.
2. Aboud, F.E., and Levy, S.R. (2000). Interventions to reduce prejudice and discrimination in children and adolescents. In S. Oskamp (Ed.) Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp.269-293). Mahwah, N.J.,: Lawrence Erlbaum
3. Asher, S.R., and Allen, V.L. (1969). Racial preference and social comparison processes. Journal of Social Issues, 25, 157-167.
4. Bakeman, R. and Brownlee, J.R. (1980). The strategic use of parallel play: A sequential analysis. Child Development, 51, 873-878.
5. Bandura, A., and Walters, R.H. (1963). Social learning and personality and personality development. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
6. Barnes, K.E. (1971). Pre-school play norms: A replication. Developmental Psychology, 5, 99-103.
7. Baumeister, R.F., and Leary, M.R (1995). The need to belong: Desire for Interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117 (3), 497-529.
8. Bierman, K.L. (2004). Peer rejection. New York: Guildford Press.
9. Bigler, R.S. (1995). The role of classification skill in moderating environmental influences on children's gender stereotyping: A study of the functional use of gender in the classroom. Child Development, 66, 1072-1087.
10. Bigler, R.S., Jones, L.C., and Lobliner, D. B. (1997). Social categorisation and the formation of intergroup attitudes in children. Child Development, 68(3), 530-543.
11. Brown, C. S., and Bigler, R. S. (2004). Children's perceptions of gender discrimination. Developmental Psychology, 40(5), 714-726.
12. Brown, R. (1995). Prejudice. Its social psychology. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
13. Bryant, B.K. (1982). An index of empathy for children and adolescents. Child Development, 53, 413-425.
14. Cadwallader, T.W. (2001). Sociometry reconsidered: The social context of peer rejection in childhood. International Journal of Action Method: Psychodrama, Skill Training, and Role Playing, 53 (3-4), 99-118
15. Cairns, R.B., Xie, H., and Leung, M.C. (1998). The popularity of friendship and the neglect of social networks: Toward a new balance. In W.M. Bukowski and A.H.N. Cillesen (Eds.). Sociometry then and now: Recent developments in the study of children's peer groups (pp.25-53). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
16. Caldera, Y.M., Huston, A.C., and O'Brien, M. (1989). Social interactions and play patterns of toddlers with feminine, masculine and neutral toys. Child Development, 60, 70-76.
17. Chafel, J.A. (1986). A naturalistic investigation of the use of social comparisons by young children. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 19(3), 51-61.
18. Cillessen, A.H.N. and Mayeux, L. (2004). Sociometric status and peer group behavior: Previous findings and current directions. In J.B. Kupersmidt and K.A. Dodge (Eds), Children's peer relations (pp. 3-20). Washington,D.C.: AMA.
19. Clark, K. B., and Clark, M. K. (1947). Racial identification and preference in Negro children. In E.E. Maccoby, T.M. Newcomb and E.L.Hartley (Eds.). Readings in Social Psychology. (pp. 169-178) London: Methuen.
20. Clark, A., Hocevar, D., and Dembo, M. H. (1980). The role of cognitive development in childen's explanations and preferences for skin color. Developmental Psychology, 16 (4), 332-339
21. Coie, J.D., Dodge, K.A., and Kupersmidt, J.B. (1990). In S.R. Asher and J.D. Coie. (Eds.). Peer rejection in childhood. Cambridge Studies in Social and Emotional Development. (pp. 17-59). NY: Cambridge University Press.
22. Coie, J.D., and Kupersmidt, J. (1983). A behavioral analysis of emerging social status in boys' groups. Child Development, 54, 1400-1416.
23. Cooley, C.H. (1902). Human nature and the social order. New York: Scribner's.
24. Coopersmith, S. (1967). The antecedents of self-esteem. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
25. Cornell, E.H. (1974). Infants discrimination of photographs of faces following redundant presentations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 98-106.
26. Crandall, C., Eshelman, A., and O'Brien, L. (2002). Social norms and the expression and suppression of prejudice: The struggle for internalization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 359-378.
27. Dodge, K.A. (1983). Behavioral antecedents of peer social status. Child Development, 54, 1386-1389.
28. Dodge, K.A. and Feldman, E. (1990). Issues in social cognition and sociometric status. In S.R. Asher and J.D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood: Origins, consequences, and intervention (pp. 119-155). New York: Cambridge University Press.
29. Dodge, K.A., Lansford, J.E., Burks, V.S., Bates, J.E., Pettit, G.S., Fontaine, R., et al. (2003). Peer rejection and social information processing factors in the development of aggressive behavior problems in children. Child Development, 74(2), 374-393.
30. Dovidio, J.F., Gaertner, S.L., and Validzic, A. (1998). Intergroup bias: Status, differentiation, and a common in-group identity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(1), 109-120.
31. Duffy, A. and Nesdale, D. (2005). Peer groups, social identity, and children's bullying behaviour. Unpublished manuscript. Griffith University.
32. Durkin, K. (1995). Developmental social psychology: From infancy to old age. Oxford: Blackwell.
33. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Miller, P. A., Shell, R., Shea, C., and May-Plumlee, T. (1990). Preschoolers' vicarious emotional responding and their situational and dispositional prosocial behavior. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 36(4), 507-529.
34. Fabes, R.A., Martin, L.D., and Hanish, C.L. (2003). Children at play: The role of peers in understanding the effects of child care. Child Development,74, 1039-1043.
35. Fagan, J.F. (1976). Infants' recognition of invariant features of faces. Child Development, 47, 627-638.
36. Fagan, J.F. and Singer, L.T. (1979). The role of simple feature differences in infants' recognition of faces. Infant Behaviour and Development, 2, 39-45.
37. Fagot, B.I. and Leinbach, M.D. (1989). The young child's gender schema: Environmental input, internal organization. Child Development, 60, 663-672.
38. Fagot, B.I. and Leinbach, M.D. (1993). Gender-role development in young children: From discrimination to labelling. Developmental review, 13(2), 205-224.
39. Feshbach, N. D., and Feshbach, S. (1998). Aggression in schools: Towards reducing ethnic conflict and enhancing ethnic understanding. In P. K. Trickett, and C. J. Schellenbach (Eds.). Violence against children in the family and the community (pp. 269-286). Washington DC: American Psychological Association
40. Goodman, M. (1952). Race awareness in young children. Cambridge, Mass.: Addison-Wesley.
41. Greenwald, A. D., and Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological Review, 102, 4-27.
42. Greenwald, H. J., and Oppenheim, D.B. (1968). Reported magnitude of self-misidentification among negro children - artifact? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 49-52.
43. Griffiths, J. (2006). The development of children's understanding of, and attitudes toward, their ethnicity. Unpublished manuscript, Griffith University.
44. Hawkins, J.A. (1995). Technology for tolerance. Teaching Tolerance, 4,16-21.
45. Henry, D., Guerra, N., Huesmann, R., Tolan, P., VanAcker, R., and Eron, L. (2000). Normative influences on aggression in urban elementary school classrooms. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28, 59-81.
46. Hogg, M.A. and Abrams, D. (1988). Social identifications. London: Routledge.
47. Hogg, M.A. and Abrams, D. (1999). Social identity and social cognition: Historical background and current trends. In D. Abrams and M.A. Hogg (Eds.), Social identity and social cognition (pp.1-25). Oxford: Blackwell.
48. Horowitz, E. L., and Horowitz, R. E. (1938). Development of social attitudes in children. Sociometry, 1, 301-338.
49. Howes, C. and Matheson, C.C. (1992). Sequences in the development of competent play with peers: Social and social-pretend play. Developmental Psychology, 28, 961-974.
50. Hunsberger, B. (1978). Racial awareness and preference of white and Indian Canadian children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 10(2), 176-179.
51. Jetten, J., Postmes, T., McAuliffe, B. J. (2002). "We're all individuals". Group norms of individualism and collectivism, levels of identification and identity threat. European Journal of Social Psychology. 32(2), 189-207.
52. Jetten, J., Spears, R. and Manstead, A. S. R. (1996). Intergroup norms and intergroup discrimination: Distinctive self-categorization and social identity effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 1222-1233.
53. Jetten, J., Spears, R., and Manstead, S.R. (1999). Group distinctiveness and intergroup discrimination. In N. Ellemers, R. Spears, and B. Doosje (Eds.), Social identity, context, commitment, content (pp. 107-126). Oxford: Blackwell.
54. Jones, D.C., Abbey, B.B., and Cumberland, A. (1998). The development of display rule knowledge: Linkages with family expressiveness and social competence. Child Development, 69 (4), 1209-1222.
55. Katz, P. A. (1976). The acquisition of racial attitudes in children. In P.A. Katz (Ed.), Towards the elimination of racism. (pp.125-154). New York: Pergamon Press.
56. Killen, M., Piscane, K., Lee-Kim, J., and Ardila-Rey, A. (2001). Fairness or stereotypes? Young children's priorities when evaluating group exclusion and inclusion. Developmental Psychology, 37, 587-596.
57. Krevans, J., and Gibbs, J. C. (1996). Parents' use of inductive discipline: relations to children's empathy and prosocial behavior. Child Development, 67(6), 3263-3277.
58. Kupersmidt, J.B., Coie, J. D., and Dodge, K.A. (1990). The role of poor peer relationships in the development of disorder. In S.R. Asher., and J.D. Coie. (Eds.). Peer rejection in childhood. Cambridge Studies in Social and Emotional Development. (pp. 274-305). NY: Cambridge University Press.
59. LaFreniere, P., Strayer, F.F., and Gauthier, R. (1984). The emergence of same-sex affiliative preferences among pre-school peers: A developmental/ethological perspective. Child Development, 55, 1958-1965.
60. Leary, M.R., Twenge, J.M., and Quinlivan, E. (2006). Interpersonal rejection as a determinant of anger and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10, 111-133.
61. Linville, P. W. (1998). The heterogeneity of homogeneity. In J. M. Darley and J. Cooper and (Eds.), Attribution processes, person perception, and social interactions: The legacy of Edward E. Jones (pp.423-487). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
62. Litvack-Miller, W., McDougall, D., and Romney, D. M. (1997). The structure of empathy during middle childhood and its relationship to prosocial behavior. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 123(3), 303-324.
63. Maccoby, E.E. (1998). The two sexes: Growing up apart, coming together. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
64. Maccoby, E.E. and Jacklin, C.N. (1987). Gender segregation in childhood. In H.W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behaviour (Vol.20, pp.239-287). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
65. McDougall, P., Hymel, S., Vaillancourt, T., and Mercer, L. (2001). The consequences of childhood peer rejection. In M.R. Leary (Ed.). Interpersonal rejection. (pp. 213-247). Oxford University Press, 2001.
66. Marques, J. M., Robalo, E. M., and Rocha, S. A. (1992). Ingroup bias and the 'black sheep' effect: Assessing the impact of social identification and perceived variability on group judgements. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22, 331-352.
67. Marques, J.M., Yzerbyt, V.Y., and Leyens, J-P. (1988). The 'Black Sheep Effect': Extremity of judgements towards ingroup members as a function of group identification. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 1-16.
68. Marsh, A. (1970). Awareness of racial differences in West African and British children. Race, 11, 289-302.
69. Mead, G.H. (1934). Mind, self, and society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
70. Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to authority. London: Tavistock.
71. Miller, C.L. (1983). Developmental changes in male/female voice classification by infants. Infant Behaviour and Development, 6, 313-330.
72. Miller, C.L., Younger, B.A., and Morse, P.A. (1982). The categorization of male and female voices in infancy. Infant Behaviour and Development, 5, 143-159.
73. Miller, P.A., Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R.A., and Shell, R. (1996). Relations of moral reasoning and vicarious emotion to young children's prosocial behavior toward pars and adults. Developmental Psychology, 32(2), 210-219.
74. Milner, D. (1996). Children and Racism: Beyond the value of the dolls. In W. Peter Robinson, Social Groups and Identities. Developing the Legacy of Henri Tajfel. Oxford: Boston: Butterworth Heinemann.
75. Nelson D., and Crick, N. R.(1999). Rose-colored glasses: Examining the social information processing of prosocial young adolescents. Journal of Early Adolescence, 19 (1), 17-38.
76. Nesdale, A.R., and McLaughlin, K. (1987). Effects of sex stereotypes on young children's memories, predictions and liking. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 5, 231-241.
77. Nesdale, D. (1999). Social identity and ethnic prejudice in children. In P. Martin and W. Noble (Eds.), Psychology and Society. (pp.92-110) .Brisbane: Australian Academic Press
78. Nesdale, D. (2000). Developmental changes in children's ethnic preferences and social cognitions. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 20, 501-519.
79. Nesdale, D. (2001). Development of prejudice in children. In M. Augoustinos and K. Reynolds (Eds.). Understanding Prejudice, Racism, and Social Conflict. (pp. 57-72) London: Sage.
80. Nesdale, D, (2004). Social identity processes and children's ethnic prejudice. In M. Bennett and F. Sani (Eds.). The development of the social self. (pp. 219-246). East Sussex: Psychology Press.
81. Nesdale, D. and Brown, K, (2004). Children's attitudes towards an atypical member of an ethnic in-group. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28 (4), 328-335.
82. Nesdale, D., Durkin, K., Maass, A., and Griffiths, J. (2004). Group status, outgroup ethnicity, and children's ethnic attitudes. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 25, 237-251.
83. Nesdale, D., Durkin, K., and Maass, A., and Griffiths, J. (2005). Threat, group identification, and children's ethnic prejudice. Social Development, 14, 189-205.
84. Nesdale, D., and Flesser, D. (2001). Social identity and the development of children's group attitudes. Child Development, 72(9), 506-517.
85. Nesdale, D., Griffiths, J., Durkin, K., and Maass, A. (2005). Empathy, group norms and children's ethnic attitudes. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 26(6), 623-637.
86. Nesdale, D., Griffiths, J., Durkin, K., and Maass, A. (in press). Group membership, intergroup competition, outgroup ethnicity, and children's intra-and intergroup attitudes and perceptions. British Journal of Developmental Psychology.
87. Nesdale, D. and Kokkoris, L. (2006). Effects of group norms, moral reasoning, rejection sensitivity, and outgroup ethnicity on children's intergroup prejudice. Unpublished manuscript. Griffith University.
88. Nesdale, D. and Lambert, A. (2005). Effects of experimentally manipulated peer rejection on children's negative affect, self-esteem, and maladaptive social behaviour. Unpublished manuscript. Griffith University.
89. Nesdale, D., Maass, A., Durkin, K., and Griffiths, J. (2005). Group norms, threat and children's ethnic prejudice. Child Development, 76, 1-12.
90. Nesdale, D., Maass, A., Kiesner, J., Durkin, K., and Griffiths, J. (2006). Effects of group norms on children's bullying behaviour. Unpublished manuscript. Griffith University.
91. Nesdale, D., Maass, A., Griffiths, J., and Durkin, K (2003). Effects of ingroup and outgroup ethnicity on children's attitudes towards members of the ingroup and outgroup. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 21, 177-192.
92. Neuman, W.L. (2000). Social research methods. 4th. Ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
93. Parten, M.B. (1932). Social participation among pre-school children. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 27, 243-269.
94. Patterson, G.R., Capaldi D., and Bank, L. (1991). An early starter model for predicting delinquency. In D.J. Pepler and K.H. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 139-168). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
95. Piaget, J. (1932). The moral judgment of the child. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
96. Powlishta, K.K., Serbin, L.A., and Moller, L.C. (1993). The stability of individual differences in gender-typing: Implications for understanding sex segregation. Sex Roles, 29, 723-737.
97. Proshansky, H. M. (1966). The development of intergroup attitudes. In L. W. Hoffman and M. L. Hoffman (Eds.), Review of child development research. (pp. 311-371). New York: Russell Sage.
98. Radke-Yarrow, M., Zahn-Waxler, C., and Chapman, M. (1983). Prosocial dispositions and behavior. In P. Mussen (Ed.). Manual of child psychology: Vol 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 469-545). New York: Wiley.
99. Rheingold, H.L. and Cook, K,V. (1975). The content of boys' and girls' rooms as an index of parents' behaviour. Child Development, 46, 445-463.
100. Roberts, W., and Strayer, J. (1996). Empathy, emotional expressiveness, and prosocial behavior. Child Development, 67, 449-470.
101. Rubin, K., Bukowski, W., and Parker, J.G. (1998). Peer interactions, relationships and groups. In W. Daemon (Series Ed.) and N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol.3, Social emotional and personality development (5th Ed., pp. 619-700). New York: Wiley.
102. Rubin, K.H and Coplan, R.J. (1992). Peer relationships in childhood. In M.H. Bornstein, and M.E. Lamb (Eds.). Developmental psychology: An advanced textbook (3rd ed.). (pp. 519-578). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
103. Rubin, K.H, Lynch, D., Coplan, R., Rose-Krasnor, L., and Booth, C.L. (1994). "Birds of a feather ": Behavioral concordances and preferential personal attraction in children. Child Development, 65, 1778-1785.
104. Rubin, K.H., Watson, K., and Jambor, T. (1978). Free play behaviors in preschool and kindergarten children. Child Development, 49, 534-536.
105. Rutland, A., (1999). The development of national prejudice , in-group favoritism and selfstereotypes in British children. British Journal of Social Psychology, 38, 55-70.
106. Rutland, A., Cameron, L., Milne, A., and McGeorge, P. (2003, August). Self-presentation and intergroup attitudes in children. Paper presented at the XIth European Conference on Developmental Psychology, Milan, Italy.
107. Salmivalli, C., and Voeten, M. (2004). Connections between attitudes, group norms, and behavior in bullying situations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 246-258.
108. Sandstrom, M.J., and Zakriski, A.L. (2004). Understanding the experience of peer rejection. In J.B. Kupersmidt and K.A. Dodge (Eds.), Children's peer relations. From development to intervention. Decade of behavior. (pp. 101-118). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
109. Schofield, J.W. (1981). Complimentary and conflicting identities: Images of interaction in an interracial school. In S.A. Asher and J.M. Goodman (Eds.). The development of children's friendships. New York: Cambridge University Press.
110. Sherif, M. (1966). Group conflict and cooperation: Their social psychology. London: Routledge.
111. Sherif, M., Harvey, O.J., White, B.J., Hood, W.R., and Sherif, C.W. (1961). Intergroup cooperation and conflict: The robber's cave experiment. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma.
112. Sherif, M. and Sherif, C.W. (1953). Groups in harmony and tension: An integration of studies on intergroup relations. New York: Octagon.
113. Sherif, M., White, B.J., and Harvey, O.J. (1955). Status in experimentally produced groups. American Journal of Sociology, 60, 370379.
114. Speilberger, C.D. (1973). STAIC: Preliminary Manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
115. Stormshak, E. A., Bierman, K. L., Bruschi, C., Dodge, K. A., and Coie, J. D. (1999). The relation between behavior problems and peer preference in different classroom contexts. Child Development, 70, 169-182.
116. Strayer, J., and Roberts, W. (2004). Children's anger, emotional expressiveness, and empathy: Relations with parents' empathy, emotional expressiveness, and parenting practices. Social Development, 13(2, 229-254.
117. Sullivan, H.S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.
118. Tajfel, H., Billig, M. G., Bundy, R. P., and Flament, C. (1971). Social categorization and intergroup behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 149-178.
119. Tajfel, H., and Turner, J. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W.G. Austin and S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations. (pp. 33-47) Monterey: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
120. Teplin, L.A. (1976). A comparison of racial/ethnic preferences among Anglo, Black and Latino children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 46 (4), 702-709.
121. Theimer, C. E., Killen, M., and Stangor, C. (2001). Young children's evaluations of exclusion in gender-stereotypic peer contexts. Developmental Psychology, 37, 18-37.
122. Turner, J.C. (1999). Some current issues in research on social identity and slf-categorization theories. In N. Ellemers, R. Spears, and B. Doosje (Eds.) Social identity, context, commitment, content (pp.6-34). Oxford: Blackwells
123. Turner, J.C., Hogg, M.A., Oakes, P.J., Reicher, S.D. and Wetherell, M.S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
124. Twenge, JJ.M., Catanese, .K.R., and Baumeister, R.F. (2002). Social exclusion causes selfdefeating behavior, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 606-615.
125. Vaughan, G.M. (1986). A social psychological model of ethnic identity development. In J.S. Phinney and M.J. Rotheram (Eds). Children's ethnic socialisation (pp.73-91). London: Sage.
126. Vaughan, G. Tajfel, H., and Williams, J.A. (1981). Bias in reward allocation in an intergroup and an interpersonal context. Social Psychology Quarterly, 44, 37-42.
127. Vaughn, B. and Waters, E. (1981). Attention structure, sociometric status, and dominance: Interrelations, behavioural correlates and relationships to social competence. Developmental Psychology, 17, 275-288.
128. Warden, D., and Mackinnon, S. (2003). Prosocial children, bullies and victims: An investigation of their sociometric status, empathy and social problem-solving strategies. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 21(3), 367-385.
129. Williams, K.D. (2001). Ostracism. New York: Guildford.
130. Yee, M.D., and Brown, R. (1992). Self-evaluations and intergroup attitudes in children aged three to nine. Child Development, 63, 619-629.