Behavioral biology, the rational actor model, and the new feminist agenda

Research in Law and Economics

Volumn 24, Issue , 2009, Pages 189-235

  Carbone, June ^a   Cahn, Naomi ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY   (United States)

^b GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77954180988     PISSN: 01935895     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1108/S0193-5895(2009)0000024012     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. Abrams, K. (1992). Social construction, roving biologism, and reasonable women: A response to Professor Epstein. DePaul Law Review, 41, 1021-1040.
2. Abrams, K. (2001). Commentary: The second coming of care. Chicago-Kent Law Review, 76, 1605-1617.
3. Al-Shebab, A. J. (2002). A cross-sectional examination of levels of moral reasoning in a sample of Kuwait University faculty members. Social Behavior and Personality, 30, 813-820.
4. Baker, K. K. (2000). Biology for feminists. Chicago-Kent Law Review, 75, 805-835.
5. Bartlett, K. T. (1990). Feminist legal methods. Harvard Law Review, 103, 829-888.
6. Becker, G. S. (1981). A treatise on the family. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
7. Becker, M., Bowman, C. G., & Torrey, M. (2001). Feminist jurisprudence: Taking women seriously. Minneapolis, MN: West.
8. Brizendine, L. (2006). The female brain. New York, NY: Morgan Road Books.
9. Browne, K. R. (1995). Sex and temperament in modern society: A Darwinian view of the glass ceiling and the gender gap. Arizona Law Review, 37, 971-1106.
10. Cahn, N. (2006). The contribution of transformational leadership. Unpublished manuscript.
11. Carbone, J. (1990). Economics, feminism, and the reinvention of alimony: A reply to Ira Ellman. Vanderbilt Law Review, 43, 1463-1500.
12. Carbone, J. (2000). From partners to parents: The second revolution in family law. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
13. Carbone, J., & Cahn, N. (2004). The biological basis of commitment: Does one size fit all? Women's Rights Law Reporter, 25, 223-248.
14. Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H. L., McClay, J., Mill, J., Martin, J., Braithwaite, A., & Poulton, R. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science, 301, 386-389.
15. Chamallas, M. (1988). Consent, equality and the legal control of sexual conduct. Southern California Law Review, 61, 777-862.
16. Cheng, Y. W., Tzeng, O. J., Decety, J., Imada, T., & Hsieh, J. C. (2006). Gender differences in the human mirror system: A magnetoencephalography study. Neuroreport, 31, 1115-1119.
17. Chorvat, T., & McCabe, K. (2004). The brain and the law. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 359, 1724-1736.
18. Cohen, J. D. (2005). The vulcanization of the human brain: A neural perspective on interactions between cognition and emotion. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19, 3-24.
19. Crain, W. C. (1985). Theories of development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
20. Crespi, G. S. (1997a). Does the Chicago school need to expand its curriculum? Law and Social Inquiry, 22, 149-168.
21. Crespi, G. S. (1997b). Reply: Putting the Chicago school debate in proper perspective. Law and Social Inquiry, 22, 201-206.
22. Croson, R., & Buchan, N. (1999). Gender and culture: International experimental evidence from trust games. American Economic Review, 89, 386-391. Available at http://opim. wharton.upenn.edu/Bcrosonr/research/%5B59%5D.pdf. Accessed on November 26, 2006.
23. Croson, R., & Gneezy, U. (2004). Gender differences in preferences. Unpublished manuscript. University of Pennsylvania. Available at http://opim.wharton.upenn.edu/Bcrosonr/ research/%5B59%5D.pdf. Revise and resubmit Journal of Economic Literature, p. 38.
24. Dallas, L. (2003). Law and socioeconomics in legal education. Rutgers Law Review, 55, 855-902.
25. Darlington, C. (2002). The female brain. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
26. Dau-Schmidt, K. G. (1997). Smoking in the washroom of the Chicago school: A reply to Crespi. Law and Social Inquiry, 22, 171-182.
27. Dawkins, R. (2006). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford.
28. Dekaban, A. S., & Sadowsky, D. (1978). Changes in brain weights during the span of human life: Relation of brain weights to body heights and body weights. Annals of Neurology, 4, 345-356.
29. de Quervain, D. J., Fischbacher, U., Treyer, V., Schellhammer, M., Schnyder, U., Buck, A., & Fehr, E. (2004). The neural basis of altruistic punishment. Science, 314, 475-478.
30. Dollar, D., Fisman, R., & Gatti, R. (1999). Are women really the ''fairer'' sex? Corruption and women in government. Policy Research Report on Gender and Development. Working Paper Series No. 4. Available at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTGENDER/ Resources/wp4.pdf
31. Epstein, R. (1992a). The authoritarian impulse in sex discrimination law: A reply to Professors Abrams and Strauss. DePaul Law Review, 41, 1041-1056.
32. Epstein, R. (1992b). Forbidden grounds: The case against employment discrimination laws. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
33. Epstein, R. (1992c). Gender is for nouns. DePaul Law Review, 41, 981-1005.
34. Fishkin, J. S. (1984). Beyond subjective morality: Ethical reasoning and political philosophy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
35. Ford, M. R., & Lowery, C. R. (1986). Gender differences in moral reasoning: A comparison on the use of justice and care orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 777-783.
36. Friedman, D. D. (2000). Law's order: What economics has to do with law and why it matters. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
37. Friedman, W. J., Robinson, A. B., & Friedman, B. L. (1987). Sex differences in moral judgments? A test of Gilligan's theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11, 37-48.
38. Fuchs, V. R. (1988). Women's quest for economic equality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
39. Geary, D. (2002). Sexual selection and sex differences in social cognition. In: A. McGillicuddy-De Lisi & R. De Lisi (Eds), Biology, society, and behavior: The development of sex differences in cognition. Greenwich, CT: Ablex Publishing.
40. Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
41. Gilligan, C. (1985). Feminist discourse, moral values, and the law - A conversation. Buffalo Law Review, 34, 11-87.
42. Gilligan, C. (1986). Reply by Carol Gilligan. Signs, 11, 324-333.
43. Goodenough, O. (2008). Values, mechanism design, and fairness. In: P. Zak (Ed.), Moral markets: The critical role of values in the economy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
44. Greene, J., Sommerville, R. B., Nystrom, L. E., Darley, J. M., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment. Science, 293, 2105-2108.
45. Greene, J. D. (2002). The terrible, horrible, no good, very bad truth about morality and what to do about it. Department of Philosophy, Princeton University. Available at http:// www.wjh.harvard.edu/Bjgreene/GreeneWJH/Greene-Dissertation.pdf
46. Greene, J. D. (2007). The secret joke of Kant's soul. In: W. Sinnott-Armstrong (Ed.), Moral psychology, Vol. 3: The neuroscience of morality. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
47. Habermas, J. (1990). Moral consciousness and communicative action. (Translated by Lenhardt, C., & Nicholsen, S.W.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
48. Haier, R. J., Jung, R. E., Yeo, R. E., Head, K., & Alkire, M. T. (2005). The neuroanatomy of general intelligence: Sex matters. NeuroImage, 25, 320-327.
49. Hall, J. A. (2006). Nonverbal behavior, status, and gender: How do we understand their relations? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30, 384-391.
50. Hamilton, W. D. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behavior, I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 7, 1-52.
51. Harris, J. (1999). The nurture assumption: Why children turn out the way they do. New York, NY: Touchstone.
52. Hartwell, S. (1995). Promoting moral development through experiential teaching. Clinical Law Review, 1, 505-539.
53. Hauser, M. D. (2006). Moral minds: How nature designed our universal sense of right. New York, NY: Ecco.
54. Hayek, F. A. (1944). The road to serfdom. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
55. Henderson, L. (1987). Legality and empathy. Michigan Law Review, 85, 1574-1653.
56. Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., Camerer, C., Fehr, E., Gintis, H., McElreath, R., Alvard, M., Barr, A., Ensminger, J., Hill, K., Gil-White, F., Gurven, M., Marlowe, F., Patton, J. Q., Smith, N., & Tracer, D. (2005). 'Economic man' in cross-cultural perspective: Ethnography and experiments from 15 small-scale societies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28, 795-855.
57. Hrdy, S. (1999). Mother nature: A history of mothers, infants, and natural selection. New York, NY: Pantheon Books.
58. Hyde, J. S. (2005). The gender similarities hypothesis. American Psychologist, 60, 581-591. Available at http://www.apa.org/journals/releases/amp606581.pdf
59. Jolls, C., Sunstein, C., & Thaler, R. (1998). A behavioral approach to law and economics. Stanford Law Review, 50, 1471-1550.
60. Jones, O. D. (1997). Evolutionary analysis in law: An introduction and application to child abuse. North Carolina Law Review, 7, 1117-1242.
61. Jones, O. D., & Goldsmith, T. H. (2005). Law and behavioral biology. Columbia Law Review, 105,405-502.
62. Kahan, D. M. (2003). The logic of reciprocity: Trust, collective action, and law. Michigan Law Review, 102, 71-103.
63. Kahneman, D. (2003). Maps and bounded rationality: Psychology for behavioral economics. American Economic Review, 93, 1449-1475.
64. Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L., & Thaler, R. H. (1990). Experimental tests of the endowment effect and the Coase theorem. The Journal of Political Economy, 98, 1325-1348.
65. Kamas, L., & Preston, A. (2006). On measuring compassion in social preferences: Do gender, price of giving, or inequality matter? Available at http://www.scu.edu/business/faculty/ research/2005-06-papers/upload/wp-05-06-17-kamas.pdf
66. Kamas, L., Preston, A., & Baum, S. (2008). Altruism in individual and joint-giving decisions: What's gender got to do with it? Feminist Economics, 14(3), 23-50.
67. Kang, J., & Banaji, M. R. (2006). Fair measures: A behavioral realist revision of ''affirmative action''. California Law Review, 94, 1063-1118.
68. Knickmeyer, R., Baron-Cohen, S., Raggatt, P., & Taylor, K. (2005). Foetal testosterone, social cognition, and restricted interests in children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 4, 198-210.
69. Kronman, A. T. (1980). Wealth maximization as a normative principle. Journal of Legal Studies, 9, 227-242.
70. Lutchmaya, S., Baron-Cohen, S., & Raggatt, P. (2002). Foetal testosterone and eye contact in 12-month-old infants. Infant Behavior and Development, 25, 327-335.
71. Ma, H. K. (1984). Problems in the cross-cultural study of moral judgment development. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Education Journal, 12(2), 50-55.
72. Ma, H. K., & Cheng, C. (1996). A cross-cultural study of moral stage structure in Hong Chinese, English, and Americans. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27, 700-713.
73. Marano, H. E. (2003). The new sex scorecard. Psychology Today. Available at http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/pto-2832.html
74. McGlone, M. S., & Aronson, J. (2006). Stereotype threat, identity salience, and spatial reasoning. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 27, 486-493. Available at http:// www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb 1/4 true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_01/4EJ746411&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_01/4 eric_accno&accno1/4EJ746411
75. Nelson, J. (2005). Rationality and humanity: A view from feminist economics. Available at http:// ase.tufts.edu/gdae/Pubs/wp/05-04RationalityHumanity.pdf
76. Nisbett, R. E., & Cohen, D. (1996). The culture of honor: The psychology of violence in the south. Boulder, CO: Westview.
77. Parry, J. T. (1999). The virtue of necessity: Reshaping culpability and the rule of law. Houston Law Review, 36, 397-469.
78. Pinker, S., & Spelke, E. (2005). The science of gender and science: Pinker vs. Spelke. A debate. Available at www.edge.org/3rd_culture/debate05/debate05_index.html
79. Posner, R. (1980). The ethical and political basis of the efficiency norm in common law adjudication. Hofstra Law Review, 8, 487-507.
80. Posner, R. (1998). Economic analysis of law (5th ed.). New York, NY: Aspen.
81. Prentice, R. (2003). Chicago man, K-T man, and the future of behavioral law and economics. Vanderbilt Law Review, 56, 1663-1777.
82. Purdy, J. (2006). The promise (and limits) of neuroeconomics. Alabama Law Review, 58, 1-40.
83. Ramachandran, V. S. (2001). Mirror neurons and imitation learning as the driving force behind 'the great leap forward' in human evolution. Edge, 69. Available at http://www.edge.org/ documents/archive/edge69.html
84. Ramachandran, V. S., & Oberman, L. M. (2006). Broken mirrors. A theory of autism. Overview/mirror neurons and autism. Scientific American, Vol. 295. Available at http:// www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID1/400014C1A-8576-152E-BF1F83414B7F0000
85. Ramirez, S. A. (2003). Book review. Market fundamentalism's new fiasco: Globalization as Exhibit B in the case for a new law and economics. [Review of Joseph E. Stiglitz, globalization and its discontents]. Michigan Journal of International Law, 24, 831-853.
86. Reiss, A. L., Abrams, M. T., Singer, H. S., Ross, J. L., & Denckla, M. B. (1996). Brain development, gender, and IQ in children: A volumetric imaging study. Brain, 119, 1763-1774.
87. Ridley, M. (1996). The origins of virtue: Human instincts and the evolution of cooperation. London, England: Penguin.
88. Ridley, M. (2003). Nature v. Nurture. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
89. Robinson, P. H., & Kurzban, R. (2007). Concordance and conflict in intuitions of justice. Minnesota Law Review, 91, 1829-1907.
90. Rothbart, D., & Albert, M. (1986). Gender differences in moral reasoning. Sex Roles, 15, 645-653.
91. Sanfey, A., Rilling, J., Aronson, J., Nystrom, L., & Cohen, J. (2003). The neural basis of economic decision-making in the ultimatum game. Science, 300, 1755-1758.
92. Sen, A. (2000). Development as freedom. New York, NY: Knopf.
93. Snarey, J. R. (1985). Cross-cultural universality of social-moral development: A critical review of Kohlbergian research. Psychological Bulletin, 202-232.
94. Spelke, E. (2005). Sex differences in intrinsic aptitude for mathematics and science? A critical review. American Psychologist, 60, 950-958.
95. Steele, C. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape the intellectual identities and performance of women and African-Americans. American Psychologist, 52, 613-629.
96. Steele, C., & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 797-811.
97. Stotsky, J. (2006). Gender and its relevance to macroeconomic policy: A survey. IMF Working Paper No. 06/233. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract1/4941295
98. Strauss, D. (1992). Biology, difference, and gender discrimination. De Paul Law Review, 41, 1007-1020.
99. Sunstein, C. (2006). A new progressivism. Stanford Law and Policy Review, 17, 197-231.
100. Tavris, C. (1992). The mismeasure of women: Why women are not the better sex, the inferior sex, or the opposite sex. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
101. The Economist. (2006). The mismeasure of women. The Economist. Available at http://www.economist.com/science/displaystory.cfm?story_id1/47245949
102. Thomas, S. (1986). Estimating gender differences in the comprehension and preferences of moral issues. Developmental Review, 6, 165-180.
103. Thomson, J. J. (1986). Rights, restitution, and risk: Essays in moral theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
104. Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (1992). The psychological foundations of culture. In: J. H. Barkow, L. Cosmides & J. Tooby (Eds), The adapted mind (pp. 19-136). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
105. Trivers, R. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In: B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual selection and the descent of man (pp. 136-179). Chicago, IL: Aldine.
106. Trivers, R. (1974). Parent-offspring conflict. American Zoologist, 14, 249-264.
107. Tsui, J., & Windsor, C. (2001). Some cross-cultural evidence on ethical reasoning. Journal of Business Ethics, 31, 143-150.
108. Walker, L. (1984). Sex differences in the development of moral reasoning: A critical review. Child Development, 55, 677-691.
109. West, R. (1988). Jurisprudence and gender. University of Chicago Law Review, 55, 1-72.
110. World Bank Report. (2001). Engendering development: Through gender equality in rights, resources, and voice. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
111. Zak, P. J. (2008). Free enterprise: Values in action conference series, 2005-2006. Moral markets: The critical role of values in the economy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.