Transmission laser welding of amorphous and semi-crystalline poly-ether-ether-ketone for applications in the medical device industry

Materials and Design

Volumn 31, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 4823-4830

  Amanat, Negin ^a,b   Chaminade, Cedric ^c   Grace, John ^c   McKenzie, David R ^a   James, Natalie L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b Research and Technology Labs   (Australia)

^c Raymax Application Pty Ltd   (Australia)

Author keywords

A. Polymers: thermoplastics; C. Lasers; D. Welding

Indexed keywords

A. POLYMERS: THERMOPLASTICS; ABSORBING MEDIUM; BOND STRENGTH; C. LASERS; CLEARWELD; D. WELDING; EFFICIENT METHOD; JOINING TECHNIQUES; LASER INTENSITIES; LASER POWER; MANUFACTURING PROCESS; MEDICAL DEVICE INDUSTRY; POST-FRACTURE; SEMICRYSTALLINES; TRANSMISSION LASER WELDING; VAPORISATION; WELD LINES;

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING; BOND STRENGTH (MATERIALS); CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; JOINING; KETONES; LASER BEAM WELDING; MORPHOLOGY; POLYMERS; REINFORCED PLASTICS; SPEED; SURFACE ANALYSIS; THERMOPLASTICS;

ETHERS;

EID: 77954144594     PISSN: 02641275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2010.04.051     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Becker H., Gartner C. Polymer microfabrication technologies for microfluidic systems. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008, 390:89-111.
2. Tsao C.W., DeVoe D.L. Bonding of thermoplastic polymer microfluidics. Microfluid Nanofluid 2009, 6:1-16.
3. Amanat N, James NL, McKenzie DR. Welding methods for joining thermoplastic polymers for the hermetic enclosure of medical devices. Med Eng Phys; 2010. doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.04.0110. doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.04.0110.
4. Kurtz S.M., Devine J.N. PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants. Biomaterials 2007, 28:4845-4869.
5. Yoda R. Elastomers for biomedical applications. J Biomater Sci - Polym Ed 1998, 9:561-626.
6. Ratner B.D. Biomaterials science: an introduction to materials in medicine 2004, Elsevier Inc. 2nd ed.
7. Grewell D., Benatar A. Welding of plastics: fundamentals and new developments. Int Polym Proc 2007, 22:43-60.
8. Ageorges C., Ye L., Hou M. Advances in fusion bonding techniques for joining thermoplastic matrix composites: a review. Compos Part A - Appl Sci Manuf 2001, 32:839-857.
9. Reitz W.E., Oman R.M. How to join plastics. Adv Mater Process 2000, 158:49-52.
10. Yousefpour A., Hojjati M., Immarigeon J.P. Fusion bonding/welding of thermoplastic composites. J Thermoplast Compos Mater 2004, 17:303-341.
11. Potente H., Karger O., Fiegler G. Laser and microwave welding - the applicability of new process principles. Macromol Mater Eng 2002, 287:734-744.
12. Jarman-Smith M. Evolving uses for implantable PEEK and PEEK based compounds. Med Dev Technol 2008, 19:12-15.
13. Becker H., Locascio L.E. Polymer microfluidic devices. Talanta 2002, 56:267-287.
14. Najafi K. Packaging of implantable microsystems. IEEE Sensors 2007 Atlanta 2007, V28-31:58-63.
15. Jones I. Laser welding for plastic components. Assembly Autom 2002, 22:129-135.
16. Woosman N.M., Frieder L.P. Clearweld: welding of clear, coloured, or opaque thermoplastics. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part D - J Autom Eng 2005, 219:1069-1074.
17. Anantharaman S. Measurement of residual stresses in laser welded polycarbonate using photoelasticity. In: 61st Annual technical conference of the society of plastics engineers (ANTEC 2003). Nashville; 2003. p. 1061-5.
18. Potente H., Becker F., Fiegler G., Korte J. Investigations towards application of a new technique on laser transmission welding. Welding World 2001, 45:15-20.
19. Adams R.D., Comyn J., Wake W.C. Structural adhesive joints in engineering 1997, Chapham & Hall. 2nd ed.
20. Baldan A. Adhesively-bonded joints in metallic alloys, polymers and composite materials: mechanical and environmental durability performance. J Mater Sci 2004, 39:4729-4797.
21. Van de Ven J.D., Erdman A.G. Laser transmission welding of thermoplastics - part II: experimental model validation. J Manuf Sci Eng 2007, 129:859-867.
22. Arous M., Ben Arnor I., Kallel A., Fakhfakh Z., Perrier G. Crystallinity and dielectric relaxations in semi-crystalline poly(ether ether ketone). J Phys Chem Solids 2007, 68:1405-1414.
23. Arzak A., Eguiazabal J.I., Nazabal J. Effect of processing conditions on the properties of poly(ether ether ketone). Plast Rubber Compos Process Appl 1992, 17:165-169.
24. Lamethe J.F., Beauchene P., Leger L. Polymer dynamics applied to PEEK matrix composite welding. Aerosp Sci Technol 2005, 9:233-240.
25. Mehmetalkan A.A., Hay J.N. The crystallinity of poly(ether ether ketone). Polymer 1992, 33:3527-3530.
26. Zhang G., Liao H., Cherigui M., Davim J.P., Coddet C. Effect of crystalline structure on the hardness and interfacial adherence of flame sprayed poly(ether-ether-ketone) coatings. Eur Polym J 2007, 43:1077-1082.
27. Lo C.T., Laabs F.C., Narasimhan B. Interfacial adhesion mechanisms in incompatible semicrystalline polymer systems. J Polym Sci Part B - Polym Phys 2004, 42:2667-2679.
28. Plummer C.J.G., Bourban P.E., Zanetto J.E., Smith G.D., Manson J.A.E. Nonisothermal fusion bonding in semicrystalline thermoplastics. J Appl Polym Sci 2003, 87:1267-1276.
29. Wool R.P. Self-healing materials: a review. Soft Matter 2008, 4:400-418.
30. Zanetto J.E., Plummer C.J.G., Bourban P.E., Manson J.A.E. Fusion bonding of polyamide 12. Polym Eng Sci 2001, 41:890-897.
31. Balkan O., Demirer H., Ezdesir A., Yildirim H. Effects of welding procedures on mechanical and morphological properties of hot gas butt welded PE, PP, and PVC sheets. Polym Eng Sci 2008, 48:732-746.
32. Cakmak M., Robinette J., Schaible S. Structure development and dynamics of vibration welding of poly(ethylene naphthalate) from amorphous and semicrystalline precursors. J Appl Polym Sci 1998, 70:89-108.
33. Chung Y.M., Kamal M.R. Morphology of PA-6 vibration welded joints and its effects on weld strength. Polym Eng Sci 2008, 48:240-248.
34. Liu S.J., Lin W.F., Chang B.C., Wu G.M., Hung S.W. Optimizing the joint strength of ultrasonically welded thermoplastics. Adv Polym Tech 1999, 18:125-135.
35. Marczis B., Czigany T. Polymer joints. Period Polytech Ser Mech Eng 2002, 46:117-126.
36. Van de Ven J.D., Erdman A.G. Laser transmission welding of thermoplastics - part I: temperature modeling and pressure. J Manuf Sci Eng 2007, 129:849-858.
37. Mian A., Newaz G., Vendra L., Rahman N., Georgiev D.G., Auner G., et al. Laser bonded microjoints between titanium and polyimide for applications in medical implants. J Mater Sci - Mater Med 2005, 16:229-237.
38. Ussing T., Petersen L.V., Nielsen C.B., Helbo B., Hojslet L. Micro laser welding of polymer microstructures using low power laser diodes. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 2007, 33:198-205.
39. Newaz G., Sultana T., Nusier S., Herfurth H.J. Miniaturized samples for bond strength and hermetic sealing evaluation for transmission laser joints. J Laser Micro Nanoeng 2008, 3:186-195.
40. Callister W.D. Materials science and engineering. An introduction 2007, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 7th ed.
41. Gentex Corporation, 2009. [accessed 01.09]. http://www.clearweld.com.
42. Van de Ven J.D., Erdman A.G. Bridging gaps in laser transmission welding of thermoplastics. J Manuf Sci Eng 2007, 129:1011-1018.