Spatial and temporal distribution of latent heating in the South Asian monsoon region

Journal of Climate

Volumn 23, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 2010-2029

  Zuluaga, Manuel D ^a   Hoyos, Carlos D ^a   Webster, Peter J ^a  

^a GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASIAN MONSOON; ATMOSPHERIC HEATING; ATMOSPHERIC HEATING RATE; BAY OF BENGAL; COMPLEX TERRAINS; DATA SETS; EQUATORIAL INDIAN OCEAN; INTERANNUAL; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; NEGATIVE VALUES; PRECIPITATING CLOUDS; RADIATIVE COOLING; SATELLITE INFORMATION; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SOUTH CHINA SEA MONSOON EXPERIMENTS; SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS; TRMM MICROWAVE IMAGER; TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSIONS; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS; VERTICAL PROFILE;

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS; CLIMATE CHANGE; HEATING; OCEANOGRAPHY; RAIN;

RAIN GAGES;

ANNUAL VARIATION; ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; HEATING; LATENT HEAT FLUX; MONSOON; REGIONAL CLIMATE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION;

PACIFIC OCEAN; SOUTH ASIA; SOUTH CHINA SEA;

EID: 77953692183     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009JCLI3026.1     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Adler, R. F., and Coauthors, 2003: The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly Precipitation Analysis (1979-present). J. Hydrometeor., 4, 1147-1167.
2. Agudelo, P. A., J. A. Curry, C. D. Hoyos, and P. J. Webster, 2006: Transition between suppressed and active phases of intra-seasonal oscillations in the Indo-Pacific warm pool. J. Climate, 19, 5519-5530.
3. Annamalai, H., and J. M. Slingo, 2001: Active/break cycles: Diagnosis of the intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon. Climate Dyn., 18 (1-2), 85-102.
4. Chiang, J. C. H., S. E. Zebiak, and M. A. Cane, 2001: Relative roles of elevated heating and surface temperature gradients in driving anomalous surface winds over tropical oceans. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1371-1394.
5. Clark, C. O., J. E. Cole, and P. J. Webster, 2000: Indian Ocean SST and Indian summer rainfall: Predictive relationships and their decadal variability. J. Climate, 13, 2503-2519.
6. Clark, C. O., P. J. Webster, and J. E. Cole, 2003: Interdecadal variability of the relationship between the Indian Ocean zonal mode and East African coastal rainfall anomalies. J. Climate, 16, 548-554.
7. Curtis, S., G. J. Huffman, and R. F. Adler, 2002: Precipitation anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean and their relation to the initiation of El Niño. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1441, doi:10.1029/2001GL013399.
8. DeMaria, M., 1985: Linear response of a stratified tropical atmosphere to convective forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1944-1959.
9. Ding, Y. H., and Y. J. Liu, 2001: Onset and the evolution of the summer monsoon over the South China Sea during SCSMEX Field Experiment in 1998. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 79, 255-276.
10. Emanuel, K. A., J. D. Neelin, and C. S. Bretherton, 1994: On large-scale circulations in convecting atmospheres. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 1111-1143.
11. Ferranti, L., J. M. Slingo, and T. N. Palmer, 1997: Relations between interannual and intraseasonal monsoon variability as diagnosed from AMIP integrations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 123, 1323-1357.
12. Frank, W. M., H. J. Wang, and J. L. McBride, 1996: Rawinsonde budget analyses during the TOGA COARE IOP. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1761-1780.
13. Fukutomi, Y., and T. Yasunari, 1999: 10-25 day intraseasonal variations of convection and circulation over East Asia and western North Pacific during early summer. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 77, 753-769.
14. Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
15. Goswami, B. N., 1998: Interannual variations of Indian summer monsoon in a GCM: External conditions versus internal feedbacks. J. Climate, 11, 501-522.
16. Goswami, B. N., and R. S. A. Mohan, 2001: Intraseasonal oscillations and interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon. J. Climate, 14, 1180-1198.
17. Grossman, R. L., and D. R. Durran, 1984: Interaction of low-level flow with the western Ghat Mountains and offshore convection in the summer monsoon. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 652-672.
18. Hartmann, D. L., H. H. Hendon, and R. A. Houze, 1984: Some implications of the mesoscale circulations in tropical cloud clusters for large-scale dynamics and climate. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 113-121.
19. Harzallah, A., and R. Sadourny, 1997: Observed lead-lag relationships between Indian summer monsoon and some meteorological variables. Climate Dyn., 13, 635-648.
20. Haynes, J. M., and G. L. Stephens, 2007: Tropical oceanic cloudiness and the incidence of precipitation: Early results from CloudSat. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L09811, doi:10.1029/2007GL029335.
21. Houze, R. A., 1982: Cloud clusters and large-scale vertical motions in the tropics. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 60, 396-410.
22. Hoyos, C. D., and P. J. Webster, 2007: The role of intraseasonal variability in the nature of Asian monsoon precipitation. J. Climate, 20, 4402-4424.
23. Jian, J., P. J. Webster, and C. D. Hoyos, 2009: Large-scale controls on Ganges and Brahmaputra River discharge on intraseasonal and seasonal time-scales. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 135, 353-370.
24. Johnson, R. H., and P. E. Ciesielski, 2002: Characteristics of the 1998 summer monsoon oset over the northern South China Sea. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 561-578.
25. Krishnamurthy, V., and J. Shukla, 2000: Intraseasonal and interannual variability of rainfall over India. J. Climate, 13, 4366-4377.
26. Krishnamurti, T. N., and H. N. Bhalme, 1976: Oscillations of a monsoon system. Part 1: Observational aspects. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1937-1954.
27. Kumar, K. K., B. Rajagopalan, and M. A. Cane, 1999: On the weakening relationship between the Indian monsoon and ENSO. Science, 284, 2156-2159.
28. Kummerow, C., W. Barnes, T. Kozu, J. Shiue, and J. Simpson, 1998: The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensor package. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 809-817.
29. Lau, K. M., and L. Peng, 1987: Origin of low-frequency (intraseasonal) oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Part I: Basic theory. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 950-972.
30. Lau, K. M., and L. Peng, Coauthors, 2000: A report of the field operations and early results of the South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 1261-1270.
31. Lau, K. M., X. Li, and H. T. Wu, 2002: Evolution of the large scale circulation, cloud structure and regional water cycle associated with the South China Sea monsoon during May-June, 1998. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 1129-1147.
32. Lawrence, D. M., and P. J. Webster, 2002: The boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation: Relationship between northward and eastward movement of convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1593-1606.
33. L'Ecuyer, T. S., and G. L. Stephens, 2003: The tropical oceanic energy budget from the TRMM perspective. Part I: Algorithm and uncertainties. J. Climate, 16, 1967-1985.
34. Li, W., D. Wang, T. Lei, and H. Wang, 2009: Convective and stratiform rainfall and heating associated with the summer monsoon over the South China Sea based on TRMM data. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 95, 157-163.
35. Lin, J. L., B. Mapes, M. H. Zhang, and M. Newman, 2004: Stratiform precipitation, vertical heating profiles, and the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 296-309.
36. Lin, X., and R. H. Johnson, 1996: Heating, moistening, and rainfall over the western Pacific warm pool during TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3367-3383.
37. Malkus, J. S., 1962: Large-scale interactions. The Sea: Ideas and Observations on Progress in the Study of the Seas, M. N. Hill, Ed., John Wiley and Sons, 88-294.
38. Mapes, B. E., 1993: Gregarious tropical convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2026-2037.
39. Matsuno, T., 1966: Quasi-geostrophic motions in the equatorial area. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 44, 25-43.
40. Morita, J., Y. N. Takayabu, S. Shige, and Y. Kodama, 2006: Analysis of rainfall characteristics of the Madden-Julian oscillation using TRMM satellite data. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 42, 107-126.
41. Nakazawa, T., 1988: Tropical super clusters within intraseasonal variations over the western Pacific. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 66, 823-839.
42. Nigam, S., C. Chung, and E. DeWeaver, 2000: ENSO diabatic heating in ECMWF and NCEP-NCAR reanalyses, and NCAR CCM3 simulation. J. Climate, 13, 3152-3171.
43. Olson, W. S., C. D. Kummerow, Y. Hong, and W. K. Tao, 1999: Atmospheric latent heating distributions in the tropics derived from satellite passive microwave radiometer measurements. J. Appl. Meteor., 38, 633-664.
44. Olson, W. S., C. D. Kummerow, Y. Hong, and W. K. Tao, Coauthors, 2006: Precipitation and latent heating distributions from satellite passive microwave radiometry. Part I: Improved method and uncertainties. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 45, 702-720.
45. Riehl, H., and J. S. Malkus, 1958: On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone. Geophysica, 6, 503-538.
46. Riehl, H., and J. Simpson, 1979: The heat balance of the equatorial trough zone, revisited. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 52, 287-304.
47. Ropelewski, C. F., and M. S. Halpert, 1987: Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1606-1626.
48. Schumacher, C., R. A. Houze, and I. Kraucunas, 2004: The tropical dynamical response to latent heating estimates derived from the TRMM precipitation radar. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1341-1358.
49. Schumacher, C., M. H. Zhang, and P. E. Ciesielski, 2007: Heating structures of the TRMM field campaigns. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 2593-2610.
50. Shibagaki, Y., and Coauthors, 2006: Multiscale aspects of convective systems associated with an intraseasonal oscillation over the Indonesian Maritime Continent. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 1682-1696.
51. Shukla, J., and D. A. Paolino, 1983: The Southern Oscillation and long range forecasting of the summer monsoon rainfall over India. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1830-1837.
52. Sikka, D. R., and S. Gadgil, 1980: On the maximum cloud zone and the ITCZ over Indian longitudes during the southwest monsoon. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1840-1853.
53. Srinivasan, J., S. Gadgil, and P. J. Webster, 1993: Meridional propagation of large-scale monsoon convective zones. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 52 (1-2), 15-35.
54. Stephens, G. L., P. J. Webster, R. H. Johnson, R. Engelen, and T. L'Ecuyer, 2004: Observational evidence for the mutual regulation of the tropical hydrological cycle and tropical sea surface temperatures. J. Climate, 17, 2213-2224.
55. Sui, C. H., and K. M. Lau, 1989: Origin of low-frequency (intra-seasonal) oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Part II: Structure and propagation of mobile wave-CISK modes and their modification by lower boundary forcings. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 37-56.
56. Tao, W. K., and J. Simpson, 1993: The Goddard cumulus ensemble model. Part I: Model description. Terr. Atmos. Ocean Sci., 4, 19-54.
57. Tao, W. K., S. Lang, J. Simpson, and R. Adler, 1993: Retrieval algorithms for estimating the vertical profiles of latent-heat release: Their applications for TRMM. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 71, 685-700.
58. Tao, W. K., W. S. Olson, D. Johnson, B. Ferrier, C. Kummerow, and R. Adler, 2000: Vertical profiles of latent heat release and their retrieval for TOGA COARE convective systems using a cloud resolving model, SSM/I, and ship-borne radar data. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 333-355.
59. Tao, W. K., W. S. Olson, D. Johnson, B. Ferrier, C. Kummerow, and R. Adler, Coauthors, 2001: Retrieved vertical profiles of latent heat release using TRMM rainfall products for February 1988. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 957-982.
60. Tao, W. K., W. S. Olson, D. Johnson, B. Ferrier, C. Kummerow, and R. Adler, Coauthors, 2006: Retrieval of latent heating from TRMM measurements. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 1555-1572.
61. Torrence, C., and P. J. Webster, 1999: Interdecadal changes in the ENSO-monsoon system. J. Climate, 12, 2679-2690.
62. Wang, B., P. J. Webster, and H. Teng, 2005: Antecedents and self-induction of active-break south Asian monsoon unraveled by satellites. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L04704, doi:10.1029/2004GL020996.
63. Wang, B., K. Kikuchi, T. Yasunari, and Y. Qi, 2006: Boreal summer quasi-monthly oscillation in the global tropics. Climate Dyn., 27 (7-8), 661-675.
64. Webster, P. J., 1972: Response of tropical atmosphere to local, steady forcing. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 518-541.
65. Webster, P. J., 1983: Mechanisms of monsoon low-frequency variability-Surface hydrological effects. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2110-2124.
66. Webster, P. J., 1994: The role of hydrological processes in ocean-atmosphere interactions. Rev. Geophys., 32, 427-476.
67. Webster, P. J., and L. C. Chou, 1980: Low-frequency transitions of a simple monsoon system. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 368-382.
68. Webster, P. J., and C. D. Hoyos, 2004: Prediction of the monsoon rainfall and river discharge on 15-30-day time scales. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 1555-1572.
69. Webster, P. J., V. O. Magana, T. N. Palmer, J. Shukla, R. A. Tomas, M. Yanai, and T. Yasunari, 1998: Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospects for prediction. J. Geophys. Res., 103 (C7), 14 451-14 510.
70. Webster, P. J., A. M. Moore, J. P. Loschnigg, and R. R. Leben, 1999: Coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics in the Indian Ocean during 1997-98. Nature, 401, 356-360.
71. Xie, S. P., H. M. Xu, N. H. Saji, Y. Q. Wang, and W. T. Liu, 2006: Role of narrow mountains in large-scale organization of Asian monsoon convection. J. Climate, 19, 3420-3429.
72. Yanai, M., S. Esbensen, and J. H. Chu, 1973: Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 611-627.
73. Yanai, M., B. Chen, and W. W. Tung, 2000: The Madden-Julian oscillation observed during the TOGA COARE IOP: Global view. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2374-2396.
74. Yang, S., W. S. Olson, J. J. Wang, T. L. Bell, E. A. Smith, and C. D. Kummerow, 2006: Precipitation and latent heating distributions from satellite passive microwave radiometry. Part II: Evaluation of estimates using independent data. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 45, 721-739.
75. Yasunari, T., 1979: Cloudiness fluctuations associated with the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 57, 227-242.
76. Zhang, C., 2005: Madden-Julian oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 43, RG2003, doi:10.1029/2004RG000158.
77. Zuidema, P., and B. E. Mapes, 2008: Cloud vertical structure observed from space and ship over the Bay of Bengal and eastern tropical Pacific. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 86A, 205-218.