Requisites to realize high conversion efficiency of solar cells utilizing carrier multiplication

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Volumn 94, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1399-1405

  Takeda, Yasuhiko ^a   Motohiro, Tomoyoshi ^a  

^a Rd Management Section   (Japan)

Author keywords

Carrier multiplication; Limiting efficiency; Multiple exciton generation

Indexed keywords

CARRIER CONVERSION; CARRIER MULTIPLICATION; DETAILED BALANCE; EFFECTIVE MASS; ELECTRON TRANSPORT; HIGH CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; INAS; LIMITING VALUES; MULTIPLE EXCITON; PHOTON ENERGY; POTENTIAL BARRIER HEIGHT; POTENTIAL BARRIERS; QUANTUM DOTS; SOLAR SPECTRUM; TRIPLE JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS; UPPER LIMITS;

CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; ENERGY GAP; EXCITONS; GALLIUM; NUCLEAR PHYSICS; OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES; QUANTUM YIELD; SEMICONDUCTING INDIUM; SOLAR CELLS; SOLAR RADIATION; SOLIDS; TRANSPORT PROPERTIES;

PHOTONS;

EID: 77953136002     PISSN: 09270248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.04.051     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Shockley W., and Queisser H.J. Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p-n junction solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 32 (1961) 510-519
2. Ross R.T., and Nozik A.J. Efficiency of hot-carrier solar energy converters. J. Appl. Phys. 53 (1982) 3813-3818
3. Würfel P. Solar energy conversion with hot electrons from impact ionization. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 46 (1997) 43-52
4. Takeda Y., Ito T., Motohiro T., König D., Shrestha S., and Conibeer G. Hot carrier solar cells operating under practical conditions. J. Appl. Phys. 105 (2009) 074905
5. Takeda Y., Ito T., Suzuki R., Motohiro T., Shrestha S., and Conibeer G. Impact ionization and Auger recombination at high carrier temperature. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 797-802
6. Brendel R., Werner J.H., and Queisser H.J. Thermodynamic efficiency limits for semiconductor solar cells with carrier multiplication. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 41/42 (1996) 419-425
7. De Vos A., and Desoete B. On the ideal performance of solar cells with larger-than-unity quantum efficiency. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 51 (1998) 413-424
8. Klimov V.I. Mechanisms for photogeneration and recombination of multiexcitons in Semiconductor nanocrystals: implications for lasing and solar energy conversion. J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (2006) 16827-16845
9. Nozik A.J. Multiple exciton generation in semiconductor quantum dots. Chem. Phys. Lett. 457 (2008) 3-11
10. Ellingson R.J., Beard M.C., Johnson J.C., Yu P., Micic O.I., Nozik A.J., Shabaev A., and Efros A.L. "Highly efficient multiple exciton generation in colloidal PbSe and PbS quantum dots. Nano Lett. 5 (2005) 865-871
11. Schaller R.D., Sykora M., Pietryga J.M., and Klimov V.I. Seven excitons at a cost of one: redefining the limits for conversion efficiency of photons into charge carriers. Nano Lett. 6 (2006) 424-429
12. Schaller R.D., and Klimov V.I. High efficiency carrier multiplication in PbSe nanocrystals: implications for solar energy conversion. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (2004) 186601
13. Schaller R.D., Petruska M.A., and Klimov V.I. Effect of electronic structure on carrier multiplication efficiency: comparative study of PbSe and CdSe nanocrystals. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 (2005) 253102
14. Trinh M.T., Houtepen A.J., Schins J.M., Hanrath T., Piris J., Knulst W., Goossens A.P.L.M., and Siebbeles L.D.A. In spite of recent doubts carrier multiplication does occur in PbSe nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 8 (2008) 1713-1718
15. Ji M., Park S., Connor S.T., Mokari T., Cui Y., and Gaffney K.J. Efficient multiple exciton generation observed in colloidal PbSe quantum dots with temporally and spectrally resolved intraband excitation. Nano Lett. 9 (2009) 1217-1222
16. McGuire J.A., Joo J., Pietryga J.M., Schaller R.D., and Klimov V.I. New aspects of carrier multiplication in semiconductor nanocrystals. Acc. Chem. Res. 41 (2008) 1810-1819
17. Murphy J.E., Beard M.C., Norman A.G., Ahrenkiel S.P., Johnson J.C., Yu P., Mićić O.I., Ellingson R.J., and Nozik A.J. PbTe colloidal nanocrystals: synthesis, characterization, and multiple exciton generation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 (2006) 3241-3247
18. Kobayashi Y., Udagawa T., and Tamai N. Carrier multiplication in CdTe quantum dots by single-photon timing spectroscopy. Chem. Lett. 38 (2009) 830-831
19. Schaller R.D., Pietryga J.M., and Klimo V.I. Carrier multiplication in InAs nanocrystal quantum dots with an onset defined by the energy conservation limit. Nano Lett. 7 (2007) 3469-3476
20. Pijpers J.J.H., Hendry E., Milder M.T.W., Fanciulli R., Savolainen J., Herek J.L., Vanmaekelbergh D., Ruhman S., Mocatta D., Oron D., Aharoni A., Banin U., and Bonn M. Carrier multiplication and its reduction by photodoping in colloidal InAs quantum dots. J. Phys. Chem. C 111 (2007) 4146-4152
21. Beard M.C., Knutsen K.P., Yu P., Luther J.M., Song Q., Metzger W.K., Ellingson R.J., and Nozik A.J. Multiple exciton generation in colloidal silicon nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 7 (2007) 2506-2512
22. Nair G., Geyer S.M., Chang L.-Y., and Bawendi M.G. Carrier multiplication yields in PbS and PbSe nanocrystals measured by transient photoluminescence. Phys. Rev. B 78 (2008) 125325
23. Ben-Lulu M., Mocatta D., Bonn M., Uri Banin, and Ruhman S. On the absence of detectable carrier multiplication in a transient absorption study of InAs/CdSe/ZnSe core/shell1/shell2 quantum dots. Nano Lett. 8 (2008) 1207-1211
24. Pijpers J.J.H., Ulbricht R., Tielrooij K.J., Osherov A., Golan Y., Delerue C., Allan G., and Bonn M. Assessment of carrier-multiplication efficiency in bulk PbSe and PbS. Nat. Phys. 5 (2009) 811-814
25. Nozik A.J. Quantum dot solar cells. Physica E 14 (2002) 115-120
26. Kim S.J., Kim W.J., Cartwright A.N., and Prasad P.N. Carrier multiplication in a PbSe nanocrystal and P3HT/PCBM tandem cell. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 (2008) 191107
27. Sukhovatkin V., Hinds S., Brzozowski L., and Sargent E.H. Colloidal quantum-dot photodetectors exploiting multiexciton generation. Science 324 (2009) 1542-1544
28. Klimov V.I. Detailed-balance power conversion limits of nanocrystal-quantum-dot solar cells in the presence of carrier multiplication. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 (2006) 123118
29. Hanna M.C., and Nozik A.J. Solar conversion efficiency of photovoltaic and photoelectrolysis cells with carrier multiplication absorbers. J. Appl. Phys. 100 (2006) 074510
30. Luque A., Sala G., and Luque-Heredia I. Photovoltaic concentration at the onset of its commercial deployment. Prog. Photovolt.: Res. Appl. 14 (2006) 413-428
31. Araki K., Kondo M., Uozumi H., Ekins-Daukes N.J., Egami T., Hiramatsu M., Miyazaki Y., and Yamaguchi M. Packaging III-V tandem solar cells for practical terrestrial applications achievable to 27% of module efficiency by conventional machine assemble technology. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 3320-3326
32. Würfel P. The chemical potential of radiation. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 15 (1982) 3967-3985
33. Spirkl W., and Ries H. Luminescence and efficiency of an ideal photovoltaic cell with charge carrier multiplication. Phys. Rev. B 52 (1995) 11319-11325
34. Available from: http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/spectra/am1.5.
35. Efros A.L., and Efros A.L. Interband absorption of light in a semiconductor sphere. Sov. Phys. Semicond. 16 (1982) 772-775
36. Klimov V.I. Optical nonlinearities and ultrafast carrier dynamics in semiconductor nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 104 (2000) 6112-6123
37. Shabaev A., Efros A.L., and Nozik A.J. Multiexciton generation by a single photon in nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 6 (2006) 2856-2863
38. Sevik C., and Bulutay C. Auger recombination and carrier multiplication in embedded silicon and germanium nanocrystals. Phys. Rev. B 77 (2008) 125414
39. Allan G., and Delerue C. Influence of electronic structure and multiexciton spectral density on multiple-exciton generation in semiconductor nanocrystals: tight-binding calculations. Phys. Rev. B 77 (2008) 125340
40. Franceschetti A., and Zhang Y. Multiexciton absorption and multiple exciton generation in CdSe quantum dots. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 136805
41. Benisty H., Sotomayor-Torres C.M., and Weisbuch C. Intrinsic mechanism for the poor luminescence properties of quantum-box systems. Phys. Rev. B 44 (1991) 10945-10948
42. Yu H., Lycett S., Roberts C., and Murray R. Time resolved study of self-assembled InAs quantum dots. Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 4087 (1996) 4087-4089
43. Heitz R., Born H., Guffarth F., Stier O., Schliwa A., Hoffmann A., and Bimberg D. Existence of a phonon bottleneck for excitons in quantum dots. Phys. Rev. B 64 (2001) 241305R
44. Sanguinetti S., Guzzi M., Grilli E., Gurioli M., Seravalli L., Frigeri P., Franchi S., Capizzi M., Mazzuccato S., and Polimeni A. Effective phonon bottleneck in the carrier thermalization of InAs/GaAs quantum dots. Phys. Rev. B 78 (2008) 085313
45. Madelung O. Semiconductors: Data Handbook (2003), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
46. Chelikowsky J.R., and Cohen M.L. Nonlocal pseudopotential calculations for the electronic structure of eleven diamond and zinc-blende semiconductors. Phys. Rev. B 14 (1976) 556-582
47. Wei G., and Forrest S.R. Intermediate-band solar cells employing quantum dots embedded in an energy fence barrier. Nano Lett. 7 (2007) 218-222
48. x barrier layers for advanced concept solar cells. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 26 (2008) 1149
49. Guter W., Schöne J., Philipps S.P., Steiner M., Siefer G., Wekkeli A., Welser E., Oliva E., Bett A.W., and Dimroth F. Current-matched triple-junction solar cell reaching 41.1% conversion efficiency under concentrated sunlight. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 (2009) 223504