메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 6 SUPPL., 2010, Pages

Adverse drug events associated with disorders of coagulation

Author keywords

Adverse drug event; Anticoagulation; Bleeding; Clotting; Critical illness; Heparin; Low molecular weight heparin; Prophylaxis; Reversal; Thrombolytic

Indexed keywords

AMINOCAPROIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIVITAMIN K; ARGATROBAN; CERTOPARIN; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; DALTEPARIN; DESMOPRESSIN; DROTRECOGIN; ENOXAPARIN; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; FONDAPARINUX; HEMOSTATIC AGENT; HEPARIN; HETASTARCH; LEPIRUDIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; NADROPARIN; PLACEBO; PROTAMINE SULFATE; PROTHROMBIN COMPLEX; RECOMBINANT BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 7A; RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN; STREPTOKINASE; THROMBIN INHIBITOR; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; TRANEXAMIC ACID; UNINDEXED DRUG; UROKINASE; WARFARIN;

EID: 77953113130     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: 15300293     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181de11f9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (215)
  • 1
    • 0029066463 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events. Implications for prevention. ADE Prevention Study Group
    • Bates DW, Cullen DJ, Laird N, et al: Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events. Implications for prevention. ADE Prevention Study Group. JAMA 1995; 274:29-34
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 29-34
    • Bates, D.W.1    Cullen, D.J.2    Laird, N.3
  • 2
    • 0030790808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventable adverse drug events in hospitalized patients: A comparative study of intensive care and general care units
    • Cullen DJ, Sweitzer BJ, Bates DW, et al: Preventable adverse drug events in hospitalized patients: A comparative study of intensive care and general care units. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1289-1297
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 1289-1297
    • Cullen, D.J.1    Sweitzer, B.J.2    Bates, D.W.3
  • 3
    • 31344470111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medication errors and adverse drug events in an intensive care unit: Direct observation approach for detection
    • Kopp BJ, Erstad BL, Allen ME, et al: Medication errors and adverse drug events in an intensive care unit: Direct observation approach for detection. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:415-425
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 415-425
    • Kopp, B.J.1    Erstad, B.L.2    Allen, M.E.3
  • 4
    • 0026022279 scopus 로고
    • The nature of adverse events in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study II
    • Leape LL, Brennan TA, Laird N, et al: The nature of adverse events in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study II. N Engl J Med 1991; 324:377-384
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 377-384
    • Leape, L.L.1    Brennan, T.A.2    Laird, N.3
  • 5
    • 0035236282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making health care safer: A critical analysis of patient safety practices
    • July Rockville, MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Available at Accessed September 10
    • Shojania KG, Duncan BW, McDonald KM, et al: Making Health Care Safer: A Critical Analysis of Patient Safety Practices. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, No. 43. July 2001. Rockville, MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Available at http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/ptsafety. Accessed September 10, 2009
    • (2001) Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, No. 43
    • Shojania, K.G.1    Duncan, B.W.2    McDonald, K.M.3
  • 6
    • 69249232206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in the US: Improving hospital performance
    • Cohn SL: Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in the US: Improving hospital performance. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7:1437-1445
    • (2009) J Thromb Haemost , vol.7 , pp. 1437-1445
    • Cohn, S.L.1
  • 7
    • 28444436334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research agenda: Venous thromboembolism in medical-surgical critically ill patients
    • Cook DJ, Crowther MA, Douketis J, et al: Research agenda: venous thromboembolism in medical-surgical critically ill patients. J Crit Care 2005; 20:330-333
    • (2005) J Crit Care , vol.20 , pp. 330-333
    • Cook, D.J.1    Crowther, M.A.2    Douketis, J.3
  • 8
    • 46049090201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines
    • (8th Edition)
    • Geerts WH, Bergqvist D, Pineo GF, et al: Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl): 381S-453S
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Geerts, W.H.1    Bergqvist, D.2    Pineo, G.F.3
  • 9
    • 67349126835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lowmolecular-weight heparin thromboprophylaxis in medical-surgical critically ill patients: A systematic review
    • Ribic C, Lim W, Cook D, et al: Lowmolecular-weight heparin thromboprophylaxis in medical-surgical critically ill patients: a systematic review. J Crit Care 2009; 24:197-205
    • (2009) J Crit Care , vol.24 , pp. 197-205
    • Ribic, C.1    Lim, W.2    Cook, D.3
  • 10
    • 0034011571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nadroparin in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in acute decompensated COPD. The association of non-university affiliated intensive care specialist physicians of France
    • Fraisse F, Holzapfel L, Couland JM, et al: Nadroparin in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in acute decompensated COPD. The Association of Non-University Affiliated Intensive Care Specialist Physicians of France. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161:1109-1114
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 1109-1114
    • Fraisse, F.1    Holzapfel, L.2    Couland, J.M.3
  • 11
    • 35148858109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bleeding during critical illness: A prospective cohort study using a new measurement tool
    • Arnold DM, Donahoe L, Clarke FJ, et al: Bleeding during critical illness: A prospective cohort study using a new measurement tool. Clin Invest Med 2007; 30:E93-E102
    • (2007) Clin Invest Med , vol.30
    • Arnold, D.M.1    Donahoe, L.2    Clarke, F.J.3
  • 12
    • 34447628973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Wein L, Wein S, Haas SJ, et al: Pharmacological venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167:1476-1486
    • (2007) Arch Intern Med , vol.167 , pp. 1476-1486
    • Wein, L.1    Wein, S.2    Haas, S.J.3
  • 13
    • 33747595183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rate of bleeding complications after pharmacologic deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis: A systematic review of 33 randomized controlled trials
    • discussion, 797-799
    • Leonardi MJ, McGory ML, Ko CY: The rate of bleeding complications after pharmacologic deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis: A systematic review of 33 randomized controlled trials. Arch Surg 2006; 141:790-797; discussion, 797-799
    • (2006) Arch Surg , vol.141 , pp. 790-797
    • Leonardi, M.J.1    McGory, M.L.2    Ko, C.Y.3
  • 14
    • 28444475946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis of thromboembolism in critical care (PROTECT) Trial: A pilot study
    • Cook DJ, Rocker G, Meade M, et al: Prophylaxis of Thromboembolism in Critical Care (PROTECT) Trial: A pilot study. J Crit Care 2005; 20:364-372
    • (2005) J Crit Care , vol.20 , pp. 364-372
    • Cook, D.J.1    Rocker, G.2    Meade, M.3
  • 15
    • 33847157994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twice vs three times daily heparin dosing for thromboembolism prophylaxis in the general medical population: A metaanalysis
    • King CS, Holley AB, Jackson JL, et al: Twice vs three times daily heparin dosing for thromboembolism prophylaxis in the general medical population: A metaanalysis. Chest 2007; 131:507-516
    • (2007) Chest , vol.131 , pp. 507-516
    • King, C.S.1    Holley, A.B.2    Jackson, J.L.3
  • 16
    • 67449108136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-molecular-weight heparins in renal impairment and obesity: Available evidence and clinical practice recommendations across medical and surgical settings
    • Nutescu EA, Spinler SA, Wittkowsky A, et al: Low-molecular-weight heparins in renal impairment and obesity: Available evidence and clinical practice recommendations across medical and surgical settings. Ann Pharmacother 2009; 43:1064-1083
    • (2009) Ann Pharmacother , vol.43 , pp. 1064-1083
    • Nutescu, E.A.1    Spinler, S.A.2    Wittkowsky, A.3
  • 17
    • 0032969444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective trial of low-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in moderately injured patients
    • Cohn SM, Moller BA, Feinstein AJ, et al: Prospective trial of low-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in moderately injured patients. Vasc Surg 1999; 33:219-223
    • (1999) Vasc Surg , vol.33 , pp. 219-223
    • Cohn, S.M.1    Moller, B.A.2    Feinstein, A.J.3
  • 18
    • 33846146738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of once-daily dose of low-molecularweight heparin to prevent venous thromboembolism in multisystem trauma patients
    • Cothren CC, Smith WR, Moore EE, et al: Utility of once-daily dose of low-molecularweight heparin to prevent venous thromboembolism in multisystem trauma patients. World J Surg 2007; 31:98-104
    • (2007) World J Surg , vol.31 , pp. 98-104
    • Cothren, C.C.1    Smith, W.R.2    Moore, E.E.3
  • 19
    • 0027198245 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in trauma patients and identification of high-risk groups
    • discussion 138-139
    • Dennis JW, Menawat S, Von Thron J, et al: Efficacy of deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in trauma patients and identification of high-risk groups. J Trauma 1993; 35: 132-138; discussion, 138-139
    • (1993) J Trauma , vol.35 , pp. 132-138
    • Dennis, J.W.1    Menawat, S.2    Von Thron, J.3
  • 20
    • 0029799559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of low-dose heparin with lowmolecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after major trauma
    • Geerts WH, Jay RM, Code KI, et al: A comparison of low-dose heparin with lowmolecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after major trauma. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 701-707
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 701-707
    • Geerts, W.H.1    Jay, R.M.2    Code, K.I.3
  • 21
    • 0242552677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial of intermittent pneumatic compression and low molecular weight heparin in trauma
    • Ginzburg E, Cohn SM, Lopez J, et al: Randomized clinical trial of intermittent pneumatic compression and low molecular weight heparin in trauma. Br J Surg 2003; 90:1338-1344
    • (2003) Br J Surg , vol.90 , pp. 1338-1344
    • Ginzburg, E.1    Cohn, S.M.2    Lopez, J.3
  • 22
    • 0030176803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic prophylaxis in orthopaedic trauma patients: A comparison between a fixed dose and an individually adjusted dose of a low molecular weight heparin (nadroparin calcium)
    • Haentjens P: Thromboembolic prophylaxis in orthopaedic trauma patients: A comparison between a fixed dose and an individually adjusted dose of a low molecular weight heparin (nadroparin calcium). Injury 1996; 27:385-390
    • (1996) Injury , vol.27 , pp. 385-390
    • Haentjens, P.1
  • 23
  • 24
    • 0029842446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of low molecular weight heparin in preventing thromboembolism in trauma patients
    • Knudson MM, Morabito D, Paiement GD, et al.: Use of low molecular weight heparin in preventing thromboembolism in trauma patients. J Trauma 1996; 41:446-459
    • (1996) J Trauma , vol.41 , pp. 446-459
    • Knudson, M.M.1    Morabito, D.2    Paiement, G.D.3
  • 25
    • 0035130429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A potentially expanded role for enoxaparin in preventing venous thromboembolism in high risk blunt trauma patients
    • Norwood SH, McAuley CE, Berne JD, et al: A potentially expanded role for enoxaparin in preventing venous thromboembolism in high risk blunt trauma patients. J Am Coll Surg 2001; 192:161-167
    • (2001) J Am Coll Surg , vol.192 , pp. 161-167
    • Norwood, S.H.1    McAuley, C.E.2    Berne, J.D.3
  • 27
    • 31844452585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis following trauma: A prospective, randomized comparison of mechanical and pharmacologic prophylaxis
    • Stannard JP, Lopez-Ben RR, Volgas DA, et al: Prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis following trauma: A prospective, randomized comparison of mechanical and pharmacologic prophylaxis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006; 88:261-266
    • (2006) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.88 , pp. 261-266
    • Stannard, J.P.1    Lopez-Ben, R.R.2    Volgas, D.A.3
  • 28
    • 66149174777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in neurointensive care patients: Survey of Canadian practice
    • Scales DC, Riva-Cambrin J, Le TL, et al: Prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in neurointensive care patients: Survey of Canadian practice. J Crit Care 2009; 24: 176-184
    • (2009) J Crit Care , vol.24 , pp. 176-184
    • Scales, D.C.1    Riva-Cambrin, J.2    Le, T.L.3
  • 29
    • 49449084081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery: A metaanalysis
    • Collen JF, Jackson JL, Shorr AF, et al: Prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery: A metaanalysis. Chest 2008; 134:237-249
    • (2008) Chest , vol.134 , pp. 237-249
    • Collen, J.F.1    Jackson, J.L.2    Shorr, A.F.3
  • 30
    • 0035234971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of haemorrhage associated with early postoperative heparin administration after intracranial surgery
    • Raabe A, Gerlach R, Zimmermann M, et al: The risk of haemorrhage associated with early postoperative heparin administration after intracranial surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2001; 143:1-7
    • (2001) Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol.143 , pp. 1-7
    • Raabe, A.1    Gerlach, R.2    Zimmermann, M.3
  • 31
    • 0036632331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary report on the safety of heparin for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis after severe head injury
    • discussion, 43
    • Kim J, Gearhart MM, Zurick A, et al: Preliminary report on the safety of heparin for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis after severe head injury. J Trauma 2002; 53: 38-42; discussion, 43
    • (2002) J Trauma , vol.53 , pp. 38-42
    • Kim, J.1    Gearhart, M.M.2    Zurick, A.3
  • 32
    • 70349336698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic venous thromboembolism: Incidence and risk factors in patients with spontaneous or traumatic intracranial hemorrhage
    • Kim KS, Brophy GM: Symptomatic venous thromboembolism: Incidence and risk factors in patients with spontaneous or traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2009; 11:28-33
    • (2009) Neurocrit Care , vol.11 , pp. 28-33
    • Kim, K.S.1    Brophy, G.M.2
  • 33
    • 0347126588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early antithrombotic prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin in neurosurgery
    • discussion, 1090-1081
    • Kleindienst A, Harvey HB, Mater E, et al: Early antithrombotic prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin in neurosurgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2003; 145: 1085-1090; discussion, 1090-1081
    • (2003) Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol.145 , pp. 1085-1090
    • Kleindienst, A.1    Harvey, H.B.2    Mater, E.3
  • 34
    • 4744368749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after head and spinal trauma: Intermittent pneumatic compression devices versus low molecular weight heparin
    • Kurtoglu M, Yanar H, Bilsel Y, et al: Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after head and spinal trauma: Intermittent pneumatic compression devices versus low molecular weight heparin. World J Surg 2004; 28: 807-811
    • (2004) World J Surg , vol.28 , pp. 807-811
    • Kurtoglu, M.1    Yanar, H.2    Bilsel, Y.3
  • 35
    • 0036269384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of the safety of enoxaparin prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in patients with intracranial hemorrhagic injuries
    • discussion, 701-702
    • Norwood SH, McAuley CE, Berne JD, et al: Prospective evaluation of the safety of enoxaparin prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in patients with intracranial hemorrhagic injuries. Arch Surg 2002; 137: 696-701; discussion, 701-702
    • (2002) Arch Surg , vol.137 , pp. 696-701
    • Norwood, S.H.1    McAuley, C.E.2    Berne, J.D.3
  • 36
    • 3142720666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. Treatment of deep-vein thrombosis
    • Bates SM, Ginsberg JS: Clinical practice. Treatment of deep-vein thrombosis. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:268-277
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 268-277
    • Bates, S.M.1    Ginsberg, J.S.2
  • 37
    • 66149176804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of venous thromboembolism in the intensive care unit
    • Pastores SM: Management of venous thromboembolism in the intensive care unit. J Crit Care 2009; 24:185-191
    • (2009) J Crit Care , vol.24 , pp. 185-191
    • Pastores, S.M.1
  • 38
    • 45949098057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant and thrombolytic treatment: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th edition)
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.08-0674
    • Schulman S, Beyth RJ, Kearon C, et al: Hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant and thrombolytic treatment: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl):257S-298S (Pubitemid 351892969)
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 6
    • Schulman, S.1    Beyth, R.J.2    Kearon, C.3    Levine, M.N.4
  • 39
    • 45949086068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parenteral anticoagulants: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th edition)
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.08-0689
    • Hirsh J, Bauer KA, Donati MB, et al: Parenteral anticoagulants: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl):141S-159S (Pubitemid 351892966)
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 6
    • Hirsh, J.1    Bauer, K.A.2    Donati, M.B.3    Gould, M.4    Samama, M.M.5    Weitz, J.I.6
  • 40
    • 0038311561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of activated partial thromboplastin time to coronary events and bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes who receive heparin
    • Anand SS, Yusuf S, Pogue J, et al: Relationship of activated partial thromboplastin time to coronary events and bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes who receive heparin. Circulation 2003; 107: 2884-2888
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 2884-2888
    • Anand, S.S.1    Yusuf, S.2    Pogue, J.3
  • 41
    • 77957933798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism
    • van Dongen CJ, van den Belt AG, Prins MH, et al: Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004; 4:CD001100
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.4
    • Van Dongen, C.J.1    Van Den Belt, A.G.2    Prins, M.H.3
  • 43
    • 28444447383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lepirudin in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia results of the third prospective study (HAT-3) and a combined analysis of HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3
    • Lubenow N, Eichler P, Lietz T, et al: Lepirudin in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Results of the third prospective study (HAT-3) and a combined analysis of HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:2428-2436
    • (2005) J Thromb Haemost , vol.3 , pp. 2428-2436
    • Lubenow, N.1    Eichler, P.2    Lietz, T.3
  • 44
    • 0033528281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) compared with heparin on death, myocardial infarction, refractory angina, and revascularisation procedures in patients with acute myocardial ischaemia without ST elevation: A randomised trial. Organisation to assess strategies for ischemic syndromes (OASIS-2) investigators
    • Effects of recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) compared with heparin on death, myocardial infarction, refractory angina, and revascularisation procedures in patients with acute myocardial ischaemia without ST elevation: A randomised trial. Organisation to Assess Strategies for Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS-2) Investigators. Lancet 1999; 353: 429-438
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 429-438
  • 45
    • 34247127070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in intensive care patients
    • Selleng K, Warkentin TE, Greinacher A: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in intensive care patients. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 1165-1176
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1165-1176
    • Selleng, K.1    Warkentin, T.E.2    Greinacher, A.3
  • 46
    • 45949103154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment and prevention of heparininduced thrombocytopenia: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines
    • (8th Edition)
    • Warkentin TE, Greinacher A, Koster A, et al: Treatment and prevention of heparininduced thrombocytopenia: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl):340S-380S
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Greinacher, A.2    Koster, A.3
  • 47
    • 63849114000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing harm associated with anticoagulation: Practical considerations of argatroban therapy in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Hursting MJ, Soffer J: Reducing harm associated with anticoagulation: practical considerations of argatroban therapy in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Drug Saf 2009; 32:203-218
    • (2009) Drug Saf , vol.32 , pp. 203-218
    • Hursting, M.J.1    Soffer, J.2
  • 48
    • 33745173460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of argatroban therapy, demographic variables, and platelet count on thrombotic risks in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Lewis BE, Wallis DE, Hursting MJ, et al: Effects of argatroban therapy, demographic variables, and platelet count on thrombotic risks in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Chest 2006; 129:1407-1416
    • (2006) Chest , vol.129 , pp. 1407-1416
    • Lewis, B.E.1    Wallis, D.E.2    Hursting, M.J.3
  • 49
    • 58549108988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of critical illness and organ failure on therapeutic argatroban dosage requirements in patients with suspected or confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Keegan SP, Gallagher EM, Ernst NE, et al: Effects of critical illness and organ failure on therapeutic argatroban dosage requirements in patients with suspected or confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Pharmacother 2009; 43:19-27
    • (2009) Ann Pharmacother , vol.43 , pp. 19-27
    • Keegan, S.P.1    Gallagher, E.M.2    Ernst, N.E.3
  • 50
    • 29044450662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of diagnostic tests and argatroban or lepirudin therapy in patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Kiser TH, Jung R, MacLaren R, et al: Evaluation of diagnostic tests and argatroban or lepirudin therapy in patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Pharmacotherapy 2005; 25:1736-1745
    • (2005) Pharmacotherapy , vol.25 , pp. 1736-1745
    • Kiser, T.H.1    Jung, R.2    MacLaren, R.3
  • 51
    • 69249105025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Argatroban dosage requirements and outcomes in intensive care versus non-intensive care patients
    • Smythe MA, Koerber JM, Forsyth LL, et al: Argatroban dosage requirements and outcomes in intensive care versus non-intensive care patients. Pharmacotherapy 2009; 29:1073-1081
    • (2009) Pharmacotherapy , vol.29 , pp. 1073-1081
    • Smythe, M.A.1    Koerber, J.M.2    Forsyth, L.L.3
  • 52
    • 2542424669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fondaparinux or enoxaparin for the initial treatment of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis: A randomized trial
    • Buller HR, Davidson BL, Decousus H, et al: Fondaparinux or enoxaparin for the initial treatment of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140:867-873
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 867-873
    • Buller, H.R.1    Davidson, B.L.2    Decousus, H.3
  • 53
    • 0142182561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous fondaparinux versus intravenous unfractionated heparin in the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism
    • Buller HR, Davidson BL, Decousus H, et al: Subcutaneous fondaparinux versus intravenous unfractionated heparin in the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1695-1702
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1695-1702
    • Buller, H.R.1    Davidson, B.L.2    Decousus, H.3
  • 54
    • 57149145911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy with fondaparinux in relation to interventional management strategy in patients with STand non-STsegment elevation acute coronary syndromes: An individual patient-level combined analysis of the Fifth and Sixth Organization to Assess Strategies in Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS 5 and 6) randomized trials
    • Mehta SR, Boden WE, Eikelboom JW, et al: Antithrombotic therapy with fondaparinux in relation to interventional management strategy in patients with STand non-STsegment elevation acute coronary syndromes: An individual patient-level combined analysis of the Fifth and Sixth Organization to Assess Strategies in Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS 5 and 6) randomized trials. Circulation 2008; 118: 2038-2046
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.118 , pp. 2038-2046
    • Mehta, S.R.1    Boden, W.E.2    Eikelboom, J.W.3
  • 55
    • 0028785426 scopus 로고
    • Stroke after thrombolysis. Mortality and functional outcomes in the GUSTO-I trial. Global use of strategies to open occluded coronary arteries
    • Gore JM, Granger CB, Simoons ML, et al: Stroke after thrombolysis. Mortality and functional outcomes in the GUSTO-I trial. Global use of strategies to open occluded coronary arteries. Circulation 1995; 92: 2811-2818
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 2811-2818
    • Gore, J.M.1    Granger, C.B.2    Simoons, M.L.3
  • 56
    • 45949100970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th edition)
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.08-0658
    • Kearon C, Kahn SR, Agnelli G, et al: Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl):454S-545S (Pubitemid 351892971)
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 6
    • Kearon, C.1    Kahn, S.R.2    Agnelli, G.3    Goldhaber, S.4    Raskob, G.E.5    Comerota, A.J.6
  • 57
    • 33646065525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ECC Committee S., Task Forces of the American Heart Association: 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care
    • ECC Committee S, Task Forces of the American Heart Association: 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2005; 112(24 Suppl):IV1-IV203
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , Issue.24 SUPPL.
  • 58
    • 34247844511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke: A guideline from the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups
    • Adams HP Jr, del Zoppo G, Alberts MJ, et al: Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke: A guideline from the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline as an educational tool for neurologists. Stroke 2007; 38:1655-1711
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , pp. 1655-1711
    • Adams Jr., H.P.1    Del Zoppo, G.2    Alberts, M.J.3
  • 59
    • 45949109467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines
    • (8th Edition)
    • Albers GW, Amarenco P, Easton JD, et al: Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl):630S-669S
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Albers, G.W.1    Amarenco, P.2    Easton, J.D.3
  • 60
    • 45949105000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines
    • (8th Edition)
    • Goodman SG, Menon V, Cannon CP, et al: Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6 Suppl):708S-775S
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Goodman, S.G.1    Menon, V.2    Cannon, C.P.3
  • 61
    • 4043093351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolysis compared with heparin for the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism: A meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials
    • Wan S, Quinlan DJ, Agnelli G, et al: Thrombolysis compared with heparin for the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism: A meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials. Circulation 2004; 110:744-749
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 744-749
    • Wan, S.1    Quinlan, D.J.2    Agnelli, G.3
  • 62
    • 0033599765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute pulmonary embolism: Clinical outcomes in the international cooperative pulmonary embolism registry (ICOPER)
    • Goldhaber SZ, Visani L, De Rosa M: Acute pulmonary embolism: clinical outcomes in the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry (ICOPER). Lancet 1999; 353:1386-1389
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1386-1389
    • Goldhaber, S.Z.1    Visani, L.2    De Rosa, M.3
  • 63
    • 56549112592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrinolytic therapy in pulmonary embolism: An evidence-based treatment algorithm
    • Fengler BT, Brady WJ: Fibrinolytic therapy in pulmonary embolism: An evidence-based treatment algorithm. Am J Emerg Med 2009; 27:84-95
    • (2009) Am J Emerg Med , vol.27 , pp. 84-95
    • Fengler, B.T.1    Brady, W.J.2
  • 64
    • 65949091349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolytic therapy for acute pulmonary embolism: A critical appraisal
    • Todd JL, Tapson VF: Thrombolytic therapy for acute pulmonary embolism: A critical appraisal. Chest 2009; 135:1321-1329
    • (2009) Chest , vol.135 , pp. 1321-1329
    • Todd, J.L.1    Tapson, V.F.2
  • 65
    • 0035826096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis
    • Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, et al: Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:699-709
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 699-709
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Vincent, J.L.2    Laterre, P.F.3
  • 66
    • 34548456526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic heparin in patients with severe sepsis treated with drotrecogin alfa (activated)
    • Levi M, Levy M, Williams MD, et al: Prophylactic heparin in patients with severe sepsis treated with drotrecogin alfa (activated). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176: 483-490
    • (2007) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.176 , pp. 483-490
    • Levi, M.1    Levy, M.2    Williams, M.D.3
  • 67
    • 59649104743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse outcomes associated with the use of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in patients with severe sepsis and baseline bleeding precautions
    • Gentry CA, Gross KB, Sud B, et al: Adverse outcomes associated with the use of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in patients with severe sepsis and baseline bleeding precautions. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:19-25
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 19-25
    • Gentry, C.A.1    Gross, K.B.2    Sud, B.3
  • 68
    • 33847361454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in Italian intensive care units: The results of a nationwide survey
    • Bertolini G, Rossi C, Anghileri A, et al: Use of Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in Italian intensive care units: The results of a nationwide survey. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33: 426-434
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 426-434
    • Bertolini, G.1    Rossi, C.2    Anghileri, A.3
  • 69
    • 33847422269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the use of Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in adult severe sepsis: A Canadian multicenter observational study
    • Kanji S, Perreault MM, Chant C, et al: Evaluating the use of Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in adult severe sepsis: A Canadian multicenter observational study. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:517-523
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 517-523
    • Kanji, S.1    Perreault, M.M.2    Chant, C.3
  • 70
    • 37549009522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retrospective observational study of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in adults with severe sepsis: Comparison with a controlled clinical trial
    • Wheeler A, Steingrub J, Schmidt GA, et al: A retrospective observational study of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in adults with severe sepsis: Comparison with a controlled clinical trial. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:14-23
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 14-23
    • Wheeler, A.1    Steingrub, J.2    Schmidt, G.A.3
  • 71
    • 38549149785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical relevance of the effects of plasma expanders on coagulation
    • Levi M, Jonge E: Clinical relevance of the effects of plasma expanders on coagulation. Semin Thromb Hemost 2007; 33(8): 810-815
    • (2007) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.33 , Issue.8 , pp. 810-815
    • Levi, M.1    Jonge, E.2
  • 72
    • 67650081547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyethyl starches: Different products Different effects
    • Westphal M, James MF, Kozek-Langenecker S, et al: Hydroxyethyl starches: Different products Different effects. Anesthesiology 2009; 111:187-202
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.111 , pp. 187-202
    • Westphal, M.1    James, M.F.2    Kozek-Langenecker, S.3
  • 73
    • 49949118290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (6%) on blood loss and use of blood products in major surgery: A pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials
    • Kozek-Langenecker SA, Jungheinrich C, Sauermann W, et al: The effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (6%) on blood loss and use of blood products in major surgery: A pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials. Anesth Analg 2008; 107:382-390
    • (2008) Anesth Analg , vol.107 , pp. 382-390
    • Kozek-Langenecker, S.A.1    Jungheinrich, C.2    Sauermann, W.3
  • 74
    • 45949110779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does Hextend impair coagulation compared to 6% hetastarch? An ex vivo thromboelastography study
    • Weeks DL, Jahr JS, Lim JC, et al: Does Hextend impair coagulation compared to 6% hetastarch? An ex vivo thromboelastography study. Am J Ther 2008; 15:225-230
    • (2008) Am J Ther , vol.15 , pp. 225-230
    • Weeks, D.L.1    Jahr, J.S.2    Lim, J.C.3
  • 75
    • 20444395879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vitro study comparing the effects of Hextend, Hespan, normal saline, and lactated Ringer's solution on thrombelastography and the activated partial thromboplastin time
    • Dailey SE, Dysart CB, Langan DR, et al: An in vitro study comparing the effects of Hextend, Hespan, normal saline, and lactated Ringer's solution on thrombelastography and the activated partial thromboplastin time. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2005; 19: 358-361
    • (2005) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.19 , pp. 358-361
    • Dailey, S.E.1    Dysart, C.B.2    Langan, D.R.3
  • 77
    • 38049096093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy and pentastarch resuscitation in severe sepsis
    • Brunkhorst FM, Engel C, Bloos F, et al: Intensive insulin therapy and pentastarch resuscitation in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:125-139
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 125-139
    • Brunkhorst, F.M.1    Engel, C.2    Bloos, F.3
  • 78
    • 77953096590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NovoNordisk Princeton, NJ
    • NovoNordisk. NovoSeven Package Insert. Princeton, NJ, 2008
    • (2008) Novo Seven Package Insert
  • 79
    • 34249785974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in adults: 2007 update: A guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, High Blood Pressure Research Council, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Group
    • Broderick J, Connolly S, Feldmann E, et al: Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in adults: 2007 update: A guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, High Blood Pressure Research Council, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Stroke 2007; 38: 2001-2023
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , pp. 2001-2023
    • Broderick, J.1    Connolly, S.2    Feldmann, E.3
  • 80
    • 54949106943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor VIIa and its potential therapeutic use in bleeding-associated pathologies
    • Hedner U: Factor VIIa and its potential therapeutic use in bleeding-associated pathologies. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100:557-562
    • (2008) Thromb Haemost , vol.100 , pp. 557-562
    • Hedner, U.1
  • 81
    • 30944461398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic adverse events after use of recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa
    • O'Connell KA, Wood JJ, Wise RP, et al: Thromboembolic adverse events after use of recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa. JAMA 2006; 295:293-298
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , pp. 293-298
    • O'Connell, K.A.1    Wood, J.J.2    Wise, R.P.3
  • 82
    • 51649101294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor VIIa (recombinant) for acute traumatic hemorrhage
    • Patanwala AE: Factor VIIa (recombinant) for acute traumatic hemorrhage. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2008; 65:1616-1623
    • (2008) Am J Health Syst Pharm , vol.65 , pp. 1616-1623
    • Patanwala, A.E.1
  • 83
    • 0842277796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety profile of recombinant factor VIIa
    • Roberts HR, Monroe DM 3rd, Hoffman M: Safety profile of recombinant factor VIIa. Semin Hematol 2004; 41(1 Suppl 1): 101-108
    • (2004) Semin Hematol , vol.41 , Issue.1 SUPPL. 1 , pp. 101-108
    • Roberts, H.R.1    Monroe III, D.M.2    Hoffman, M.3
  • 84
    • 34548316265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic interventions for the management of critical bleeding
    • Voils S: Pharmacologic interventions for the management of critical bleeding. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27:69S-84S
    • (2007) Pharmacotherapy , vol.27
    • Voils, S.1
  • 85
    • 14944355943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of recombinant factor VII for refractory bleeding in nonhemophilic trauma patients
    • Barletta JF, Ahrens CL, Tyburski JG, et al: A review of recombinant factor VII for refractory bleeding in nonhemophilic trauma patients. J Trauma 2005; 58:646-651
    • (2005) J Trauma , vol.58 , pp. 646-651
    • Barletta, J.F.1    Ahrens, C.L.2    Tyburski, J.G.3
  • 86
    • 19844381402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of recombinant activated factor VII for bleeding following operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass
    • DiDomenico RJ, Massad MG, Kpodonu J, et al: Use of recombinant activated factor VII for bleeding following operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Chest 2005; 127: 1828-1835
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , pp. 1828-1835
    • DiDomenico, R.J.1    Massad, M.G.2    Kpodonu, J.3
  • 87
    • 34147161076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic complications associated with factor VIIa administration
    • Thomas GO, Dutton RP, Hemlock B, et al: Thromboembolic complications associated with factor VIIa administration. J Trauma 2007; 62:564-569
    • (2007) J Trauma , vol.62 , pp. 564-569
    • Thomas, G.O.1    Dutton, R.P.2    Hemlock, B.3
  • 88
    • 24644491444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant factor VIIa as adjunctive therapy for bleeding control in severely injured trauma patients: Two parallel randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials
    • discussion, 15-18
    • Boffard KD, Riou B, Warren B, et al: Recombinant factor VIIa as adjunctive therapy for bleeding control in severely injured trauma patients: Two parallel randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials. J Trauma 2005; 59:8-15; discussion, 15-18
    • (2005) J Trauma , vol.59 , pp. 8-15
    • Boffard, K.D.1    Riou, B.2    Warren, B.3
  • 89
    • 43549087410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Mayer SA, Brun NC, Begtrup K, et al: Efficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:2127-2137
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 2127-2137
    • Mayer, S.A.1    Brun, N.C.2    Begtrup, K.3
  • 90
    • 13844315293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Mayer SA, Brun NC, Begtrup K, et al: Recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:777-785
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 777-785
    • Mayer, S.A.1    Brun, N.C.2    Begtrup, K.3
  • 91
  • 92
    • 33646713870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage: US phase IIA trial
    • Mayer SA, Brun NC, Broderick J, et al: Recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage: US phase IIA trial. Neurocrit Care 2006; 4:206-214
    • (2006) Neurocrit Care , vol.4 , pp. 206-214
    • Mayer, S.A.1    Brun, N.C.2    Broderick, J.3
  • 94
    • 0344131428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombogenicity of prothrombin complex concentrates
    • Kohler M: Thrombogenicity of prothrombin complex concentrates. Thromb Res 1999; 95(4 Suppl 1):S13-S17
    • (1999) Thromb Res , vol.95 , Issue.4 SUPPL. 1
    • Kohler, M.1
  • 95
    • 0344898555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of prothrombin complex concentrates in the treatment of hemorrhages induced by oral anticoagulation
    • Pindur G, Morsdorf S: The use of prothrombin complex concentrates in the treatment of hemorrhages induced by oral anticoagulation. Thromb Res 1999; 95(4 Suppl 1):S57-S61
    • (1999) Thromb Res , vol.95 , Issue.4 SUPPL. 1
    • Pindur, G.1    Morsdorf, S.2
  • 96
    • 84975758855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prothrombin complex concentrates for oral anticoagulant therapy-related intracranial hemorrhage: A review of the literature
    • Dec 5 [Epub ahead of print]
    • Bershad EM, Suarez JI: Prothrombin complex concentrates for oral anticoagulant therapy-related intracranial hemorrhage: A review of the literature. Neurocrit Care 2009 Dec 5 [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2009) Neurocrit Care
    • Bershad, E.M.1    Suarez, J.I.2
  • 97
    • 38349096220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of prothrombin complex concentrates in reversing warfarin anticoagulation: A review of the literature
    • Leissinger CA, Blatt PM, Hoots WK, et al: Role of prothrombin complex concentrates in reversing warfarin anticoagulation: A review of the literature. Am J Hematol 2008; 83:137-143
    • (2008) Am J Hematol , vol.83 , pp. 137-143
    • Leissinger, C.A.1    Blatt, P.M.2    Hoots, W.K.3
  • 98
    • 56149089116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative hemostatic management of patients treated with vitamin K antagonists
    • Levy JH, Tanaka KA, Dietrich W: Perioperative hemostatic management of patients treated with vitamin K antagonists. Anesthesiology 2008; 109:918-926
    • (2008) Anesthesiology , vol.109 , pp. 918-926
    • Levy, J.H.1    Tanaka, K.A.2    Dietrich, W.3
  • 99
    • 34249821653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention and treatment of major blood loss
    • Mannucci PM, Levi M: Prevention and treatment of major blood loss. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:2301-2311
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 2301-2311
    • Mannucci, P.M.1    Levi, M.2
  • 100
    • 49149092038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive transfusion and nonsurgical hemostatic agents
    • Perkins JG, Cap AP, Weiss BM, et al: Massive transfusion and nonsurgical hemostatic agents. Crit Care Med 2008; 36(7 Suppl):S325-S339
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , Issue.7 SUPPL.
    • Perkins, J.G.1    Cap, A.P.2    Weiss, B.M.3
  • 101
    • 0036034918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological strategies to decrease transfusion requirements in patients undergoing surgery
    • Porte RJ, Leebeek FW: Pharmacological strategies to decrease transfusion requirements in patients undergoing surgery. Drugs 2002; 62:2193-2211
    • (2002) Drugs , vol.62 , pp. 2193-2211
    • Porte, R.J.1    Leebeek, F.W.2
  • 102
    • 34247269097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative blood transfusion and blood conservation in cardiac surgery: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and The Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists clinical practice guideline
    • Society of Thoracic Surgeons Blood Conservation Guideline Task Force
    • Society of Thoracic Surgeons Blood Conservation Guideline Task Force, Ferraris VA, Ferraris SP, et al: Perioperative blood transfusion and blood conservation in cardiac surgery: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and The Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists clinical practice guideline. Ann Thorac Surg 2007; 83(5 Suppl):S27-S86
    • (2007) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.83 , Issue.5 SUPPL.
    • Ferraris, V.A.1    Ferraris, S.P.2
  • 103
    • 38349080774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood conservation strategies to reduce the need for red blood cell transfusion in critically ill patients
    • Tinmouth AT, McIntyre LA, Fowler RA: Blood conservation strategies to reduce the need for red blood cell transfusion in critically ill patients. CMAJ 2008; 178:49-57
    • (2008) CMAJ , vol.178 , pp. 49-57
    • Tinmouth, A.T.1    McIntyre, L.A.2    Fowler, R.A.3
  • 104
    • 34249913425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness and adverse outcomes of antifibrinolytic agents in cardiac surgery
    • Brown JR, Birkmeyer NJ, O'Connor GT: Meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness and adverse outcomes of antifibrinolytic agents in cardiac surgery. Circulation 2007; 115:2801-2813
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.115 , pp. 2801-2813
    • Brown, J.R.1    Birkmeyer, N.J.2    O'Connor, G.T.3
  • 105
    • 44349089188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of aprotinin and lysine analogues in high-risk cardiac surgery
    • Fergusson DA, Hebert PC, Mazer CD, et al: A comparison of aprotinin and lysine analogues in high-risk cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:2319-2331
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 2319-2331
    • Fergusson, D.A.1    Hebert, P.C.2    Mazer, C.D.3
  • 106
    • 67650687046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and aprotinin on fibrinolysis and blood loss in patients undergoing primary, isolated coronary artery bypass surgery: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, noninferiority trial
    • Greilich PE, Jessen ME, Satyanarayana N, et al: The effect of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and aprotinin on fibrinolysis and blood loss in patients undergoing primary, isolated coronary artery bypass surgery: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, noninferiority trial. Anesth Analg 2009; 109:15-24
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.109 , pp. 15-24
    • Greilich, P.E.1    Jessen, M.E.2    Satyanarayana, N.3
  • 107
    • 58849137661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety of aprotinin and lysine-derived antifibrinolytic drugs in cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis
    • Henry D, Carless P, Fergusson D, et al: The safety of aprotinin and lysine-derived antifibrinolytic drugs in cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis. CMAJ 2009; 180:183-193
    • (2009) CMAJ , vol.180 , pp. 183-193
    • Henry, D.1    Carless, P.2    Fergusson, D.3
  • 108
    • 33846885901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality associated with aprotinin during 5 years following coronary artery bypass graft surgery
    • Mangano DT, Miao Y, Vuylsteke A, et al: Mortality associated with aprotinin during 5 years following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. JAMA 2007; 297:471-479
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 471-479
    • Mangano, D.T.1    Miao, Y.2    Vuylsteke, A.3
  • 109
    • 58649087589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antifibrinolytics in cardiac surgical patients receiving aspirin: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • McIlroy DR, Myles PS, Phillips LE, et al: Antifibrinolytics in cardiac surgical patients receiving aspirin: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102:168-178
    • (2009) Br J Anaesth , vol.102 , pp. 168-178
    • McIlroy, D.R.1    Myles, P.S.2    Phillips, L.E.3
  • 110
    • 0034768780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood conservation with tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty: A randomized, doubleblind study in 40 primary operations
    • Benoni G, Fredin H, Knebel R, et al: Blood conservation with tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty: A randomized, doubleblind study in 40 primary operations. Acta Orthop Scand 2001; 72:442-448
    • (2001) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.72 , pp. 442-448
    • Benoni, G.1    Fredin, H.2    Knebel, R.3
  • 112
    • 0033917175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tranexamic acid reduces red cell transfusion better than epsilon-aminocaproic acid or placebo in liver transplantation
    • Dalmau A, Sabate A, Acosta F, et al: Tranexamic acid reduces red cell transfusion better than epsilon-aminocaproic acid or placebo in liver transplantation. Anesth Analg 2000; 91:29-34
    • (2000) Anesth Analg , vol.91 , pp. 29-34
    • Dalmau, A.1    Sabate, A.2    Acosta, F.3
  • 113
    • 0033757201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in total hip replacement surgery
    • Ekback G, Axelsson K, Ryttberg L, et al: Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in total hip replacement surgery. Anesth Analg 2000; 91:1124-1130
    • (2000) Anesth Analg , vol.91 , pp. 1124-1130
    • Ekback, G.1    Axelsson, K.2    Ryttberg, L.3
  • 114
    • 0030948901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tranexamic acid radically decreases blood loss and transfusions associated with total knee arthroplasty
    • Hiippala ST, Strid LJ, Wennerstrand MI, et al: Tranexamic acid radically decreases blood loss and transfusions associated with total knee arthroplasty. Anesth Analg 1997; 84:839-844
    • (1997) Anesth Analg , vol.84 , pp. 839-844
    • Hiippala, S.T.1    Strid, L.J.2    Wennerstrand, M.I.3
  • 115
    • 0032837284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of tranexamic acid for an effective blood conservation strategy after total knee arthroplasty
    • Jansen AJ, Andreica S, Claeys M, et al: Use of tranexamic acid for an effective blood conservation strategy after total knee arthroplasty. Br J Anaesth 1999; 83:596-601
    • (1999) Br J Anaesth , vol.83 , pp. 596-601
    • Jansen, A.J.1    Andreica, S.2    Claeys, M.3
  • 116
    • 0023252175 scopus 로고
    • Epsilon-aminocaproic acid for treatment of fibrinolysis during liver transplantation
    • Kang Y, Lewis JH, Navalgund A, et al: Epsilon-aminocaproic acid for treatment of fibrinolysis during liver transplantation. Anesthesiology 1987; 66:766-773
    • (1987) Anesthesiology , vol.66 , pp. 766-773
    • Kang, Y.1    Lewis, J.H.2    Navalgund, A.3
  • 117
    • 0030799952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous small-dose tranexamic acid reduces fibrinolysis but not transfusion requirements during orthotopic liver transplantation
    • Kaspar M, Ramsay MA, Nguyen AT, et al: Continuous small-dose tranexamic acid reduces fibrinolysis but not transfusion requirements during orthotopic liver transplantation. Anesth Analg 1997; 85:281-285
    • (1997) Anesth Analg , vol.85 , pp. 281-285
    • Kaspar, M.1    Ramsay, M.A.2    Nguyen, A.T.3
  • 118
    • 0019951261 scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis of post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency by protease-inhibitor therapy with aprotinin: A clinical study
    • McMichan JC, Rosengarten DS, Philipp E: Prophylaxis of post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency by protease-inhibitor therapy with aprotinin: A clinical study. Circ Shock 1982; 9:107-116
    • (1982) Circ Shock , vol.9 , pp. 107-116
    • McMichan, J.C.1    Rosengarten, D.S.2    Philipp, E.3
  • 119
    • 0018877725 scopus 로고
    • The prevention of secondary haemorrhage after prostatectomy: The value of antifibrinolytic therapy
    • Miller RA, May MW, Hendry WF, et al: The prevention of secondary haemorrhage after prostatectomy: The value of antifibrinolytic therapy. Br J Urol 1980; 52:26-28
    • (1980) Br J Urol , vol.52 , pp. 26-28
    • Miller, R.A.1    May, M.W.2    Hendry, W.F.3
  • 120
    • 58249136318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic microangiopathy and renal failure exacerbated by epsilon-aminocaproic acid
    • Mutter WP, Stillman IE, Dahl NK: Thrombotic microangiopathy and renal failure exacerbated by epsilon-aminocaproic acid. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 53:346-350
    • (2009) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.53 , pp. 346-350
    • Mutter, W.P.1    Stillman, I.E.2    Dahl, N.K.3
  • 121
    • 1942484091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute intracerebral hemorrhage with epsilon-aminocaproic acid: A pilot study
    • Piriyawat P, Morgenstern LB, Yawn DH, et al: Treatment of acute intracerebral hemorrhage with epsilon-aminocaproic acid: A pilot study. Neurocrit Care 2004; 1:47-51
    • (2004) Neurocrit Care , vol.1 , pp. 47-51
    • Piriyawat, P.1    Morgenstern, L.B.2    Yawn, D.H.3
  • 122
    • 0034915776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of the administration of tranexamic acid for maximum reduction in blood loss in arthroplasty of the knee
    • Tanaka N, Sakahashi H, Sato E, et al: Timing of the administration of tranexamic acid for maximum reduction in blood loss in arthroplasty of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2001; 83:702-705
    • (2001) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.83 , pp. 702-705
    • Tanaka, N.1    Sakahashi, H.2    Sato, E.3
  • 123
    • 18744405998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tranexamic acid given intraoperatively reduces blood loss after total knee replacement: A randomized, controlled study
    • Veien M, Sorensen JV, Madsen F, et al: Tranexamic acid given intraoperatively reduces blood loss after total knee replacement: A randomized, controlled study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46:1206-1211
    • (2002) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.46 , pp. 1206-1211
    • Veien, M.1    Sorensen, J.V.2    Madsen, F.3
  • 125
    • 77953096213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sanofi-Aventis Bridgewater, NJ
    • Sanofi-Aventis. DDAVP Package Insert. Bridgewater, NJ, 2007
    • (2007) DDAVP Package Insert
  • 126
    • 0025091381 scopus 로고
    • Management of uremic bleeding
    • Couch P, Stumpf JL: Management of uremic bleeding. Clin Pharm 1990; 9:673-681
    • (1990) Clin Pharm , vol.9 , pp. 673-681
    • Couch, P.1    Stumpf, J.L.2
  • 127
    • 0024231843 scopus 로고
    • Plasma and platelet von Willebrand factor defects in uremia
    • Gralnick HR, McKeown LP, Williams SB, et al: Plasma and platelet von Willebrand factor defects in uremia. Am J Med 1988; 85:806-810
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.85 , pp. 806-810
    • Gralnick, H.R.1    McKeown, L.P.2    Williams, S.B.3
  • 128
    • 0031914986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremic seizure in a child using desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis
    • Donoghue MB, Latimer ME, Pillsbury HL, et al: Hyponatremic seizure in a child using desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998; 152:290-292
    • (1998) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.152 , pp. 290-292
    • Donoghue, M.B.1    Latimer, M.E.2    Pillsbury, H.L.3
  • 129
    • 0023835090 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial infarction in a patient with hemophilia treated with DDAVP
    • Bond L, Bevan D: Myocardial infarction in a patient with hemophilia treated with DDAVP. N Engl J Med 1988; 318:121
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.318 , pp. 121
    • Bond, L.1    Bevan, D.2
  • 130
    • 0023875934 scopus 로고
    • Thrombosis following desmopressin for uremic bleeding
    • Byrnes JJ, Larcada A, Moake JL: Thrombosis following desmopressin for uremic bleeding. Am J Hematol 1988; 28:63-65
    • (1988) Am J Hematol , vol.28 , pp. 63-65
    • Byrnes, J.J.1    Larcada, A.2    Moake, J.L.3
  • 131
    • 0033524140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological strategies to decrease excessive blood loss in cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis of clinically relevant endpoints
    • Levi M, Cromheecke ME, de Jonge E, et al: Pharmacological strategies to decrease excessive blood loss in cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis of clinically relevant endpoints. Lancet 1999; 354:1940-1947
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1940-1947
    • Levi, M.1    Cromheecke, M.E.2    De Jonge, E.3
  • 133
    • 0025185766 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial infarction in a blood donor after administration of desmopressin
    • McLeod BC: Myocardial infarction in a blood donor after administration of desmopressin. Lancet 1990; 336:1137-1138
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , pp. 1137-1138
    • McLeod, B.C.1
  • 134
    • 0024556559 scopus 로고
    • Desmopressin and myocardial infarction
    • O'Brien JR, Green PJ, Salmon G, et al: Desmopressin and myocardial infarction. Lancet 1989; 333:664-665
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.333 , pp. 664-665
    • O'Brien, J.R.1    Green, P.J.2    Salmon, G.3
  • 135
    • 58149300170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desmopressin reduces transfusion needs after surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
    • Crescenzi G, Landoni G, Biondi-Zoccai G, et al: Desmopressin reduces transfusion needs after surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Anesthesiology 2008; 109:1063-1076
    • (2008) Anesthesiology , vol.109 , pp. 1063-1076
    • Crescenzi, G.1    Landoni, G.2    Biondi-Zoccai, G.3
  • 136
    • 0021717939 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of uraemic bleeding with conjugated oestrogen
    • Liu YK, Kosfeld RE, Marcum SG: Treatment of uraemic bleeding with conjugated oestrogen. Lancet 1984; 2:887-890
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 887-890
    • Liu, Y.K.1    Kosfeld, R.E.2    Marcum, S.G.3
  • 137
    • 0030058019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correcting prolonged bleeding during renal transplantation with estrogen or plasma
    • Boyd GL, Diethelm AG, Gelman S, et al: Correcting prolonged bleeding during renal transplantation with estrogen or plasma. Arch Surg 1996; 131:160-165
    • (1996) Arch Surg , vol.131 , pp. 160-165
    • Boyd, G.L.1    Diethelm, A.G.2    Gelman, S.3
  • 138
    • 0022512287 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen-progesterone therapy for bleeding gastrointestinal telangiectasias in chronic renal failure. An uncontrolled trial
    • Bronner MH, Pate MB, Cunningham JT, et al: Estrogen-progesterone therapy for bleeding gastrointestinal telangiectasias in chronic renal failure. An uncontrolled trial. Ann Intern Med 1986; 105:371-374
    • (1986) Ann Intern Med , vol.105 , pp. 371-374
    • Bronner, M.H.1    Pate, M.B.2    Cunningham, J.T.3
  • 139
    • 0031839983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugated estrogen reduces transfusion and coagulation factor requirements in orthotopic liver transplantation
    • Frenette L, Cox J, McArdle P, et al: Conjugated estrogen reduces transfusion and coagulation factor requirements in orthotopic liver transplantation. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:1183-1186
    • (1998) Anesth Analg , vol.86 , pp. 1183-1186
    • Frenette, L.1    Cox, J.2    McArdle, P.3
  • 140
    • 0031975664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugated estrogens for the management of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to uremia of acute renal failure
    • Heunisch C, Resnick DJ, Vitello JM, et al: Conjugated estrogens for the management of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to uremia of acute renal failure. Pharmacotherapy 1998; 18:210-217
    • (1998) Pharmacotherapy , vol.18 , pp. 210-217
    • Heunisch, C.1    Resnick, D.J.2    Vitello, J.M.3
  • 141
    • 0022443648 scopus 로고
    • Conjugated estrogens for the management of bleeding associated with renal failure
    • Livio M, Mannucci PM, Vigano G, et al: Conjugated estrogens for the management of bleeding associated with renal failure. N Engl J Med 1986; 315:731-735
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.315 , pp. 731-735
    • Livio, M.1    Mannucci, P.M.2    Vigano, G.3
  • 142
    • 0030974404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of intravenous Premarin to decrease postoperative blood loss after pediatric scoliosis surgery
    • McCall RE, Bilderback KK: Use of intravenous Premarin to decrease postoperative blood loss after pediatric scoliosis surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1997; 22:1394-1397
    • (1997) Spine (Phila Pa 1976) , vol.22 , pp. 1394-1397
    • McCall, R.E.1    Bilderback, K.K.2
  • 143
    • 0025038434 scopus 로고
    • Oral estrogens decrease bleeding time and improve clinical bleeding in patients with renal failure
    • Shemin D, Elnour M, Amarantes B, et al: Oral estrogens decrease bleeding time and improve clinical bleeding in patients with renal failure. Am J Med 1990; 89:436-440
    • (1990) Am J Med , vol.89 , pp. 436-440
    • Shemin, D.1    Elnour, M.2    Amarantes, B.3
  • 144
    • 0025898614 scopus 로고
    • Conjugated estrogens reduce endothelial prostacyclin production and fail to reduce postbypass blood loss
    • Hull RW, Hasbargen JA, Fall S, et al: Conjugated estrogens reduce endothelial prostacyclin production and fail to reduce postbypass blood loss. Chest 1991; 99:1116-1119
    • (1991) Chest , vol.99 , pp. 1116-1119
    • Hull, R.W.1    Hasbargen, J.A.2    Fall, S.3
  • 145
    • 0015163957 scopus 로고
    • Effect of antifibrinolytic agents and estrogens on blood loss and blood coagulation factors during open heart surgery
    • Ambrus JL, Schimert G, Lajos TZ, et al: Effect of antifibrinolytic agents and estrogens on blood loss and blood coagulation factors during open heart surgery. J Med 1971; 2:65-81
    • (1971) J Med , vol.2 , pp. 65-81
    • Ambrus, J.L.1    Schimert, G.2    Lajos, T.Z.3
  • 146
    • 68049117215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achieving hemostasis in the surgical field
    • Boucher BA, Traub O: Achieving hemostasis in the surgical field. Pharmacotherapy 2009; 29:2S-7S
    • (2009) Pharmacotherapy , vol.29
    • Boucher, B.A.1    Traub, O.2
  • 147
    • 67749086025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in topical thrombins
    • Kessler CM, Ortel TL: Recent developments in topical thrombins. Thromb Haemost 2009; 102:15-24
    • (2009) Thromb Haemost , vol.102 , pp. 15-24
    • Kessler, C.M.1    Ortel, T.L.2
  • 148
    • 68049136000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical thrombins: Benefits and risks
    • Lomax C, Traub O: Topical thrombins: Benefits and risks. Pharmacotherapy 2009; 29:8S-12S
    • (2009) Pharmacotherapy , vol.29
    • Lomax, C.1    Traub, O.2
  • 149
    • 65549130489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A safety review of topical bovine thrombin-induced generation of antibodies to bovine proteins
    • Ofosu FA, Crean S, Reynolds MW: A safety review of topical bovine thrombin-induced generation of antibodies to bovine proteins. Clin Ther 2009; 31:679-691
    • (2009) Clin Ther , vol.31 , pp. 679-691
    • Ofosu, F.A.1    Crean, S.2    Reynolds, M.W.3
  • 150
    • 0030456760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic assessment of patients treated with bovine fibrin as a hemostatic agent
    • Carroll JF, Moskowitz KA, Edwards NM, et al: Immunologic assessment of patients treated with bovine fibrin as a hemostatic agent. Thromb Haemost 1996; 76:925-931
    • (1996) Thromb Haemost , vol.76 , pp. 925-931
    • Carroll, J.F.1    Moskowitz, K.A.2    Edwards, N.M.3
  • 151
    • 34447629499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase 3, randomized, double-blind comparative study of the efficacy and safety of topical recombinant human thrombin and bovine thrombin in surgical hemostasis
    • Chapman WC, Singla N, Genyk Y, et al: A phase 3, randomized, double-blind comparative study of the efficacy and safety of topical recombinant human thrombin and bovine thrombin in surgical hemostasis. JAm Coll Surg 2007; 205:256-265
    • (2007) J Am Coll Surg , vol.205 , pp. 256-265
    • Chapman, W.C.1    Singla, N.2    Genyk, Y.3
  • 152
    • 41149096038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 3, randomized, double-blind study of plasma-derived human thrombin versus bovine thrombin in achieving hemostasis in patients undergoing surgery
    • Doria C, Fischer CP, Wood CG, et al: Phase 3, randomized, double-blind study of plasma-derived human thrombin versus bovine thrombin in achieving hemostasis in patients undergoing surgery. Curr Med Res Opin 2008; 24:785-794
    • (2008) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.24 , pp. 785-794
    • Doria, C.1    Fischer, C.P.2    Wood, C.G.3
  • 153
    • 0035178226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serological analysis of patients treated with a new surgical hemostat containing bovine proteins and autologous plasma
    • Nelson PA, Powers JN, Estridge TD, et al: Serological analysis of patients treated with a new surgical hemostat containing bovine proteins and autologous plasma. J Biomed Mater Res 2001; 58:710-719
    • (2001) J Biomed Mater Res , vol.58 , pp. 710-719
    • Nelson, P.A.1    Powers, J.N.2    Estridge, T.D.3
  • 154
    • 0035165420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic impact and clinical outcomes after surgical exposure to bovine thrombin
    • Ortel TL, Mercer MC, Thames EH, et al: Immunologic impact and clinical outcomes after surgical exposure to bovine thrombin. Ann Surg 2001; 233:88-96
    • (2001) Ann Surg , vol.233 , pp. 88-96
    • Ortel, T.L.1    Mercer, M.C.2    Thames, E.H.3
  • 155
    • 0031732635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk and clinical significance of developing antibodies induced by topical thrombin preparations
    • Dorion RP, Hamati HF, Landis B, et al: Risk and clinical significance of developing antibodies induced by topical thrombin preparations. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1998; 122: 887-894
    • (1998) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.122 , pp. 887-894
    • Dorion, R.P.1    Hamati, H.F.2    Landis, B.3
  • 156
    • 0036365632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired FV inhibitors: A needless iatrogenic complication of bovine thrombin exposure
    • Streiff MB, Ness PM: Acquired FV inhibitors: A needless iatrogenic complication of bovine thrombin exposure. Transfusion 2002; 42:18-26
    • (2002) Transfusion , vol.42 , pp. 18-26
    • Streiff, M.B.1    Ness, P.M.2
  • 157
    • 0031044920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous occurrence of human antibodies directed against fibrinogen, thrombin, and factor V following exposure to bovine thrombin: Effects on blood coagulation, protein C activation and platelet function
    • Chouhan VD, De La Cadena RA, Nagaswami C, et al: Simultaneous occurrence of human antibodies directed against fibrinogen, thrombin, and factor V following exposure to bovine thrombin: Effects on blood coagulation, protein C activation and platelet function. Thromb Haemost 1997; 77:343-349
    • (1997) Thromb Haemost , vol.77 , pp. 343-349
    • Chouhan, V.D.1    De La Cadena, R.A.2    Nagaswami, C.3
  • 158
    • 0030940334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative bleeding induced by topical bovine thrombin: Report of two cases
    • Christie RJ, Carrington L, Alving B: Postoperative bleeding induced by topical bovine thrombin: Report of two cases. Surgery 1997; 121:708-710
    • (1997) Surgery , vol.121 , pp. 708-710
    • Christie, R.J.1    Carrington, L.2    Alving, B.3
  • 159
    • 67649093852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethicon Inc. Somerville, NJ
    • Ethicon Inc. Evithrom Package Insert. Somerville, NJ, 2007
    • (2007) Evithrom Package Insert
  • 160
    • 0028203735 scopus 로고
    • Topical thrombin and acquired coagulation factor inhibitors: Clinical spectrum and laboratory diagnosis
    • Ortel TL, Charles LA, Keller FG, et al: Topical thrombin and acquired coagulation factor inhibitors: Clinical spectrum and laboratory diagnosis. Am J Hematol 1994; 45:128-135
    • (1994) Am J Hematol , vol.45 , pp. 128-135
    • Ortel, T.L.1    Charles, L.A.2    Keller, F.G.3
  • 161
    • 0026567108 scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of antibodies to bovine and human thrombin and factor V after surgical use of bovine thrombin
    • Rapaport SI, Zivelin A, Minow RA, et al: Clinical significance of antibodies to bovine and human thrombin and factor V after surgical use of bovine thrombin. Am J Clin Pathol 1992; 97:84-91
    • (1992) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.97 , pp. 84-91
    • Rapaport, S.I.1    Zivelin, A.2    Minow, R.A.3
  • 162
    • 0025244003 scopus 로고
    • Development of antibodies to thrombin and factor V with recurrent bleeding in a patient exposed to topical bovine thrombin
    • Zehnder JL, Leung LL: Development of antibodies to thrombin and factor V with recurrent bleeding in a patient exposed to topical bovine thrombin. Blood 1990; 76:2011-2016
    • (1990) Blood , vol.76 , pp. 2011-2016
    • Zehnder, J.L.1    Leung, L.L.2
  • 164
    • 67549111906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase 3b, open-label, single-group immunogenicity and safety study of topical re combinant thrombin in surgical hemostasis
    • Singla NK, Ballard JL, Moneta G, et al: A phase 3b, open-label, single-group immunogenicity and safety study of topical re combinant thrombin in surgical hemostasis. J Am Coll Surg 2009; 209:68-74
    • (2009) J Am Coll Surg , vol.209 , pp. 68-74
    • Singla, N.K.1    Ballard, J.L.2    Moneta, G.3
  • 165
    • 40349103260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venous thromboembolism and mortality associated with recombinant erythropoietin and darbepoetin administration for the treatment of cancer-associated anemia
    • Bennett CL, Silver SM, Djulbegovic B, et al: Venous thromboembolism and mortality associated with recombinant erythropoietin and darbepoetin administration for the treatment of cancer-associated anemia. JAMA 2008; 299:914-924
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , pp. 914-924
    • Bennett, C.L.1    Silver, S.M.2    Djulbegovic, B.3
  • 166
    • 33846669860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality and target haemoglobin concentrations in anaemic patients with chronic kidney disease treated with erythropoietin: A meta-analysis
    • Phrommintikul A, Haas SJ, Elsik M, et al: Mortality and target haemoglobin concentrations in anaemic patients with chronic kidney disease treated with erythropoietin: A meta-analysis. Lancet 2007; 369:381-388
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 381-388
    • Phrommintikul, A.1    Haas, S.J.2    Elsik, M.3
  • 167
    • 0037065340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in critically ill patients: A randomized controlled trial
    • Corwin HL, Gettinger A, Pearl RG, et al: Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in critically ill patients: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288:2827-2835
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2827-2835
    • Corwin, H.L.1    Gettinger, A.2    Pearl, R.G.3
  • 168
    • 0032760409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in the critically ill patient: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Corwin HL, Gettinger A, Rodriguez RM, et al: Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in the critically ill patient: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:2346-2350
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 2346-2350
    • Corwin, H.L.1    Gettinger, A.2    Rodriguez, R.M.3
  • 169
    • 34548418912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of epoetin alfa in critically ill patients
    • Corwin HL, Gettinger A, Fabian TC, et al: Efficacy and safety of epoetin alfa in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:965-976
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 965-976
    • Corwin, H.L.1    Gettinger, A.2    Fabian, T.C.3
  • 170
    • 34748883048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythropoietin use in critically ill patients: Forest and trees
    • Corwin HL: Erythropoietin use in critically ill patients: Forest and trees. CMAJ 2007; 177:747-749
    • (2007) CMAJ , vol.177 , pp. 747-749
    • Corwin, H.L.1
  • 171
    • 3242787246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythropoietin-induced thrombosis as a result of increased inflammation and thrombin activatable fibrinolytic inhibitor
    • Tobu M, Iqbal O, Fareed D, et al: Erythropoietin-induced thrombosis as a result of increased inflammation and thrombin activatable fibrinolytic inhibitor. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2004; 10:225-232
    • (2004) Clin Appl Thromb Hemost , vol.10 , pp. 225-232
    • Tobu, M.1    Iqbal, O.2    Fareed, D.3
  • 172
    • 0036798849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythropoietin triggers a signaling pathway in endothelial cells and increases the thrombogenicity of their extracellular matrices in vitro
    • Fuste B, Serradell M, Escolar G, et al: Erythropoietin triggers a signaling pathway in endothelial cells and increases the thrombogenicity of their extracellular matrices in vitro. Thromb Haemost 2002; 88:678-685
    • (2002) Thromb Haemost , vol.88 , pp. 678-685
    • Fuste, B.1    Serradell, M.2    Escolar, G.3
  • 173
    • 0036159892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms responsible for the failure of protamine to inactivate low-molecularweight heparin
    • Crowther MA, Berry LR, Monagle PT, et al: Mechanisms responsible for the failure of protamine to inactivate low-molecularweight heparin. Br J Haematol 2002; 116:178-186
    • (2002) Br J Haematol , vol.116 , pp. 178-186
    • Crowther, M.A.1    Berry, L.R.2    Monagle, P.T.3
  • 174
    • 34548361909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant activated factor VII effectively reverses the anticoagulant effects of heparin, enoxaparin, fondaparinux, argatroban, and bivalirudin ex vivo as measured using thromboelastography
    • Young G, Yonekawa KE, Nakagawa PA, et al: Recombinant activated factor VII effectively reverses the anticoagulant effects of heparin, enoxaparin, fondaparinux, argatroban, and bivalirudin ex vivo as measured using thromboelastography. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2007; 18:547-553
    • (2007) Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis , vol.18 , pp. 547-553
    • Young, G.1    Yonekawa, K.E.2    Nakagawa, P.A.3
  • 175
    • 0037069334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ability of recombinant factor VIIa to reverse the anticoagulant effect of the pentasaccharide fondaparinux in healthy volunteers
    • Bijsterveld NR, Moons AH, Boekholdt SM, et al: Ability of recombinant factor VIIa to reverse the anticoagulant effect of the pentasaccharide fondaparinux in healthy volunteers. Circulation 2002; 106:2550-2554
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2550-2554
    • Bijsterveld, N.R.1    Moons, A.H.2    Boekholdt, S.M.3
  • 176
    • 34548438005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of thrombosis with fondaparinux (Arixtra) in a patient with end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis therapy
    • Sharathkumar AA, Crandall C, Lin JJ, et al: Treatment of thrombosis with fondaparinux (Arixtra) in a patient with end-stage renal disease receiving
    • (2007) J Pediatr Hematol Oncol , vol.29 , pp. 581-584
    • Sharathkumar, A.A.1    Crandall, C.2    Lin, J.J.3
  • 177
    • 33749831754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A direct thrombin inhibitor studied by dynamic whole blood clot formation. Haemostatic response to ex vivo addition of recombinant factor VIIa or activated prothrombin complex concentrate
    • Sorensen B, Ingerslev J: A direct thrombin inhibitor studied by dynamic whole blood clot formation. Haemostatic response to ex vivo addition of recombinant factor VIIa or activated prothrombin complex concentrate. Thromb Haemost 2006; 96:446-453
    • (2006) Thromb Haemost , vol.96 , pp. 446-453
    • Sorensen, B.1    Ingerslev, J.2
  • 178
    • 45949103309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition)
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.08-0670
    • Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, et al: Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133(6Suppl):160S-198S (Pubitemid 351892967)
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 6
    • Ansell, J.1    Hirsh, J.2    Hylek, E.3    Jacobson, A.4    Crowther, M.5    Palareti, G.6
  • 180
    • 34548331718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key concepts in the management of difficult hemorrhagic cases
    • MacLaren R: Key concepts in the management of difficult hemorrhagic cases. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27:93S-102S
    • (2007) Pharmacotherapy , vol.27
    • MacLaren, R.1
  • 181
    • 40549135630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant factor VIIa: Decreasing time to intervention in coagulopathic patients with severe traumatic brain injury
    • discussion, 627-628
    • Stein DM, Dutton RP, Kramer ME, et al: Recombinant factor VIIa: Decreasing time to intervention in coagulopathic patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2008; 64:620-627; discussion, 627-628
    • (2008) J Trauma , vol.64 , pp. 620-627
    • Stein, D.M.1    Dutton, R.P.2    Kramer, M.E.3
  • 182
    • 33746712273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of elevated international normalized ratios and bleeding with low-dose recombinant activated factor VII in patients receiving warfarin
    • Dager WE, King JH, Regalia RC, et al: Reversal of elevated international normalized ratios and bleeding with low-dose recombinant activated factor VII in patients receiving warfarin. Pharmacotherapy 2006; 26:1091-1098
    • (2006) Pharmacotherapy , vol.26 , pp. 1091-1098
    • Dager, W.E.1    King, J.H.2    Regalia, R.C.3
  • 183
    • 0024815697 scopus 로고
    • Bleeding during thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: Mechanisms and management
    • Sane DC, Califf RM, Topol EJ, et al: Bleeding during thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: Mechanisms and management. Ann Intern Med 1989; 111:1010-1022
    • (1989) Ann Intern Med , vol.111 , pp. 1010-1022
    • Sane, D.C.1    Califf, R.M.2    Topol, E.J.3
  • 184
    • 28444474894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dalteparin thromboprophylaxis for critically ill medical-surgical patients with renal insufficiency
    • Rabbat CG, Cook DJ, Crowther MA, et al: Dalteparin thromboprophylaxis for critically ill medical-surgical patients with renal insufficiency. J Crit Care 2005; 20:357-363
    • (2005) J Crit Care , vol.20 , pp. 357-363
    • Rabbat, C.G.1    Cook, D.J.2    Crowther, M.A.3
  • 185
    • 42949127775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency with the low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin: An assessment of safety and pharmacodynamics: The DIRECT study
    • Douketis J, Cook D, Meade M, et al: Prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency with the low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin: An assessment of safety and pharmacodynamics: The DIRECT study. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168:1805-1812
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , pp. 1805-1812
    • Douketis, J.1    Cook, D.2    Meade, M.3
  • 186
    • 0032499921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enoxaparin plus compression stockings compared with compression stockings alone in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective neurosurgery
    • Agnelli G, Piovella F, Buoncristiani P, et al: Enoxaparin plus compression stockings compared with compression stockings alone in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective neurosurgery. N Engl J Med 1998; 339:80-85
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 80-85
    • Agnelli, G.1    Piovella, F.2    Buoncristiani, P.3
  • 187
    • 65649099769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjuvant enoxaparin therapy may decrease the incidence of postoperative thrombotic events though does not increase the incidence of postoperative intracranial hemorrhage in patients with meningiomas
    • Cage TA, Lamborn KR, Ware ML, et al: Adjuvant enoxaparin therapy may decrease the incidence of postoperative thrombotic events though does not increase the incidence of postoperative intracranial hemorrhage in patients with meningiomas. J Neurooncol 2009; 93:151-156
    • (2009) J Neurooncol , vol.93 , pp. 151-156
    • Cage, T.A.1    Lamborn, K.R.2    Ware, M.L.3
  • 188
    • 0018166581 scopus 로고
    • Deep vein thrombosis and low-dose heparin prophylaxis in neurosurgical patients
    • Cerrato D, Ariano C, Fiacchino F: Deep vein thrombosis and low-dose heparin prophylaxis in neurosurgical patients. J Neurosurg 1978; 49:378-381
    • (1978) J Neurosurg , vol.49 , pp. 378-381
    • Cerrato, D.1    Ariano, C.2    Fiacchino, F.3
  • 189
    • 0034874857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of perioperative minidose heparin in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study
    • Constantini S, Kanner A, Friedman A, et al: Safety of perioperative minidose heparin in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study. J Neurosurg 2001; 94:918-921
    • (2001) J Neurosurg , vol.94 , pp. 918-921
    • Constantini, S.1    Kanner, A.2    Friedman, A.3
  • 190
    • 0031756923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enoxaparin increases the incidence of postoperative intracranial hemorrhage when initiated preoperatively for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in patients with brain tumors
    • Dickinson LD, Miller LD, Patel CP, et al: Enoxaparin increases the incidence of postoperative intracranial hemorrhage when initiated preoperatively for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in patients with brain tumors. Neurosurgery 1998; 43:1074-1081
    • (1998) Neurosurgery , vol.43 , pp. 1074-1081
    • Dickinson, L.D.1    Miller, L.D.2    Patel, C.P.3
  • 191
    • 0026738095 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative low-dose heparin decreases thromboembolic complications in neurosurgical patients
    • discussion, 832-833
    • Frim DM, Barker FG 2nd, Poletti CE, et al: Postoperative low-dose heparin decreases thromboembolic complications in neurosurgical patients. Neurosurgery 1992; 30: 830-832; discussion, 832-833
    • (1992) Neurosurgery , vol.30 , pp. 830-832
    • Frim, D.M.1    Barker II, F.G.2    Poletti, C.E.3
  • 192
    • 10744226520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of postoperative hemorrhage after intracranial surgery after early nadroparin administration: Results of a prospective study
    • discussion, 1034-1035
    • Gerlach R, Scheuer T, Beck J, et al: Risk of postoperative hemorrhage after intracranial surgery after early nadroparin administration: Results of a prospective study. Neurosurgery 2003; 53:1028-1034; discussion, 1034-1035
    • (2003) Neurosurgery , vol.53 , pp. 1028-1034
    • Gerlach, R.1    Scheuer, T.2    Beck, J.3
  • 193
    • 0036924295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low rate of venous thromboembolism after craniotomy for brain tumor using multimodality prophylaxis
    • Goldhaber SZ, Dunn K, Gerhard-Herman M, et al: Low rate of venous thromboembolism after craniotomy for brain tumor using multimodality prophylaxis. Chest 2002; 122:1933-1937
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 1933-1937
    • Goldhaber, S.Z.1    Dunn, K.2    Gerhard-Herman, M.3
  • 194
    • 0037570807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, pilot study of intermittent pneumatic compression devices plus dalteparin versus intermittent pneumatic compression devices plus heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing craniotomy
    • discussion, 372-364
    • Macdonald RL, Amidei C, Baron J, et al: Randomized, pilot study of intermittent pneumatic compression devices plus dalteparin versus intermittent pneumatic compression devices plus heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing craniotomy. Surg Neurol 2003; 59:363-372; discussion, 372-364
    • (2003) Surg Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 363-372
    • Macdonald, R.L.1    Amidei, C.2    Baron, J.3
  • 195
    • 0032838708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of perioperative subcutaneous heparin for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing craniotomy
    • discussion, 251-242
    • Macdonald RL, Amidei C, Lin G, et al: Safety of perioperative subcutaneous heparin for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing craniotomy. Neurosurgery 1999; 45:245-251; discussion, 251-242
    • (1999) Neurosurgery , vol.45 , pp. 245-251
    • Macdonald, R.L.1    Amidei, C.2    Lin, G.3
  • 196
    • 9044229712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low molecular weight heparin and compression stockings in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery
    • Nurmohamed MT, van Riel AM, Henkens CM, et al: Low molecular weight heparin and compression stockings in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery. Thromb Haemost 1996; 75:233-238
    • (1996) Thromb Haemost , vol.75 , pp. 233-238
    • Nurmohamed, M.T.1    Van Riel, A.M.2    Henkens, C.M.3
  • 197
    • 0032408588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complications of subcutaneous low-dose heparin therapy in nonsurgical patients
    • Wen DY, Hall WA: Complications of subcutaneous low-dose heparin therapy in nonsurgical patients. Surg Neurol 1998; 50:521-525
    • (1998) Surg Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 521-525
    • Wen, D.Y.1    Hall, W.A.2
  • 198
    • 0003233984 scopus 로고
    • A national cooperative study
    • The Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial
    • The Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial. A national cooperative study. Circulation 1973; 47(2 Suppl):II1-II108
    • (1973) Circulation , vol.47 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
  • 199
    • 0025219516 scopus 로고
    • Tissue plasminogen activator for the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism. A collaborative study by the PIOPED Investigators
    • Tissue plasminogen activator for the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism. A collaborative study by the PIOPED Investigators. Chest 1990; 97:528-533
    • (1990) Chest , vol.97 , pp. 528-533
  • 200
    • 0026760179 scopus 로고
    • PAIMS 2: Alteplase combined with heparin versus heparin in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism. Plasminogen activator Italian multicenter study 2
    • Dalla-Volta S, Palla A, Santolicandro A, et al: PAIMS 2: Alteplase combined with heparin versus heparin in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism. Plasminogen activator Italian multicenter study 2. JAm Coll Cardiol 1992; 20:520-526
    • (1992) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 520-526
    • Dalla-Volta, S.1    Palla, A.2    Santolicandro, A.3
  • 201
    • 0018769220 scopus 로고
    • Streptokinase and heparin in the treatment of pulmonary embolism: A randomized comparison
    • Dotter CT, Seamon AJ, Rosch J, et al: Streptokinase and heparin in the treatment of pulmonary embolism: A randomized comparison. Vasc Surg 1979; 13:42-52
    • (1979) Vasc Surg , vol.13 , pp. 42-52
    • Dotter, C.T.1    Seamon, A.J.2    Rosch, J.3
  • 202
    • 0027446870 scopus 로고
    • Alteplase versus heparin in acute pulmonary embolism: Randomised trial assessing right-ventricular function and pulmonary perfusion
    • Goldhaber SZ, Haire WD, Feldstein ML, et al: Alteplase versus heparin in acute pulmonary embolism: Randomised trial assessing right-ventricular function and pulmonary perfusion. Lancet 1993; 341:507-511
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 507-511
    • Goldhaber, S.Z.1    Haire, W.D.2    Feldstein, M.L.3
  • 203
    • 0000886520 scopus 로고
    • Streptokinase and heparin versus heparin alone in massive pulmonary embolism: A randomized controlled trial
    • Jerjes-Sanchez C, Ramirez-Rivera A, de Lourdes Garcia M, et al: Streptokinase and heparin versus heparin alone in massive pulmonary embolism: A randomized controlled trial. J Thromb Thrombolysis 1995; 2:227-229
    • (1995) J Thromb Thrombolysis , vol.2 , pp. 227-229
    • Jerjes-Sanchez, C.1    Ramirez-Rivera, A.2    De Lourdes Garcia, M.3
  • 204
    • 0037057591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin plus alteplase compared with heparin alone in patients with submassive pulmonary embolism
    • Konstantinides S, Geibel A, Heusel G, et al: Heparin plus alteplase compared with heparin alone in patients with submassive pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:1143-1150
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 1143-1150
    • Konstantinides, S.1    Geibel, A.2    Heusel, G.3
  • 205
    • 0025606220 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of a single bolus dosage regimen of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
    • Levine M, Hirsh J, Weitz J, et al: A randomized trial of a single bolus dosage regimen of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Chest 1990; 98:1473-1479
    • (1990) Chest , vol.98 , pp. 1473-1479
    • Levine, M.1    Hirsh, J.2    Weitz, J.3
  • 206
    • 0018194324 scopus 로고
    • A controlled clinical trial of streptokinase and heparin in the treatment of major pulmonary embolism
    • Ly B, Arnesen H, Eie H, et al: A controlled clinical trial of streptokinase and heparin in the treatment of major pulmonary embolism. Acta Med Scand 1978; 203:465-470 (Pubitemid 8358211)
    • (1978) Acta Medica Scandinavica , vol.203 , Issue.6 , pp. 465-470
    • Ly, B.1    Arnesen, H.2    Eie, H.3    Hol, R.4
  • 207
    • 0023698529 scopus 로고
    • Fibrinolytic effects of urokinase and heparin in acute pulmonary embolism: A randomized clinical trial
    • Marini C, DiRicco G, Rossi G, et al: Fibrinolytic effects of urokinase and heparin in acute pulmonary embolism: A randomized clinical trial. Respiration 1988; 54:162-173
    • (1988) Respiration , vol.54 , pp. 162-173
    • Marini, C.1    DiRicco, G.2    Rossi, G.3
  • 208
    • 0015972944 scopus 로고
    • Comparison by controlled clinical trial of streptokinase and heparin in treatment of life-threatening pulmonay embolism
    • Tibbutt DA, Davies JA, Anderson JA, et al: Comparison by controlled clinical trial of streptokinase and heparin in treatment of life-threatening pulmonay embolism. Br Med J 1974; 1:343-347
    • (1974) Br Med J , vol.1 , pp. 343-347
    • Tibbutt, D.A.1    Davies, J.A.2    Anderson, J.A.3
  • 209
    • 25444492831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drotrecogin alfa (activated) for adults with severe sepsis and a low risk of death
    • Abraham E, Laterre PF, Garg R, et al: Drotrecogin alfa (activated) for adults with severe sepsis and a low risk of death. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:1332-1341
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 1332-1341
    • Abraham, E.1    Laterre, P.F.2    Garg, R.3
  • 210
    • 26444604781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drotrecogin alfa (activated) treatment in severe sepsis from the global open-label trial ENHANCE: Further evidence for survival and safety and implications for early treatment
    • Vincent JL, Bernard GR, Beale R, et al: Drotrecogin alfa (activated) treatment in severe sepsis from the global open-label trial ENHANCE: Further evidence for survival and safety and implications for early treatment. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:2266-2277
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 2266-2277
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Bernard, G.R.2    Beale, R.3
  • 211
    • 63149143387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric off-label use of recombinant factor VIIa
    • Alten JA, Benner K, Green K, et al: Pediatric off-label use of recombinant factor VIIa. Pediatrics 2009; 123:1066-1072
    • (2009) Pediatrics , vol.123 , pp. 1066-1072
    • Alten, J.A.1    Benner, K.2    Green, K.3
  • 212
    • 27744513120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated recombinant factor VII after cardiopulmonary bypass reduces allogeneic transfusion in complex non-coronary cardiac surgery: Randomized doubleblind placebo-controlled pilot study
    • Diprose P, Herbertson MJ, O'Shaughnessy D, et al: Activated recombinant factor VII after cardiopulmonary bypass reduces allogeneic transfusion in complex non-coronary cardiac surgery: Randomized doubleblind placebo-controlled pilot study. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95:596-602
    • (2005) Br J Anaesth , vol.95 , pp. 596-602
    • Diprose, P.1    Herbertson, M.J.2    O'Shaughnessy, D.3
  • 213
    • 19944433743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant coagulation factor VIIa in major liver resection: A randomized, placebocontrolled, double-blind clinical trial
    • Lodge JP, Jonas S, Oussoultzoglou E, et al: Recombinant coagulation factor VIIa in major liver resection: A randomized, placebocontrolled, double-blind clinical trial. Anesthesiology 2005; 102:269-275
    • (2005) Anesthesiology , vol.102 , pp. 269-275
    • Lodge, J.P.1    Jonas, S.2    Oussoultzoglou, E.3
  • 214
    • 18144393811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of activated recombinant coagulation factor VII in patients undergoing reconstruction surgery for traumatic fracture of pelvis or pelvis and acetabulum: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    • Raobaikady R, Redman J, Ball JA, et al: Use of activated recombinant coagulation factor VII in patients undergoing reconstruction surgery for traumatic fracture of pelvis or pelvis and acetabulum: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 2005; 94:586-591
    • (2005) Br J Anaesth , vol.94 , pp. 586-591
    • Raobaikady, R.1    Redman, J.2    Ball, J.A.3
  • 215
    • 31444433052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and hemostatic effect of recombinant activated factor VII in cirrhotic patients undergoing partial hepatectomy: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Shao YF, Yang JM, Chau GY, et al: Safety and hemostatic effect of recombinant activated factor VII in cirrhotic patients undergoing partial hepatectomy: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Surg 2006; 191:245-249.
    • (2006) Am J Surg , vol.191 , pp. 245-249
    • Shao, Y.F.1    Yang, J.M.2    Chau, G.Y.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.