Analysis of γδ T cell functions in the mouse

Journal of Immunology

Volumn 184, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 4055-4061

  Born, Willi K ^a,b   Yin, Zhinan ^c   Hahn, Youn Soo ^d   Sun, Deming ^e   O'Brien, Rebecca L ^a,b  

^a DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^c NANKAI UNIVERSITY   (China)

^d Chungbuk National University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^e UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; AUTACOID; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN RECEPTOR;

ANTIBODY RESPONSE; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FUNCTION; GAMMA DELTA T CELL; IMMUNE RESPONSE; LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHORT SURVEY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; T LYMPHOCYTE; THYMOCYTE; THYMUS; TISSUE REPAIR; ANIMAL; ANIMAL MODEL; BIOSYNTHESIS; CLASSIFICATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE MODEL; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGY; METABOLISM; MOUSE; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION;

ANIMALS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; MICE; MODELS, ANIMAL; RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA; RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; THYMUS GLAND;

EID: 77952768360     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: 15506606     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903679     Document Type: Short Survey

References (98)

1. Melichar, H. J., K. Narayan, S. D. Der, Y. Hiraoka, N. Gardiol, G. Jeannet, W. Held, C. A. Chambers, and J. Kang. 2007. Regulation of γδ versus αβ T lymphocyte differentiation by the transcription factor SOX13. Science 315: 230-233. (Pubitemid 46166366)
2. Ueda-Hayakawa, I., J. Mahlios, and Y. Zhuang. 2009. Id3 restricts the developmental potential of γ δ lineage during thymopoiesis. J. Immunol. 182: 5306-5316.
3. Kreslavsky, T., A. I. Garbe, A. Krueger, and H. von Boehmer. 2008. T cell receptorinstructed αβ versus γδ lineage commitment revealed by single-cell analysis. J. Exp. Med. 205: 1173-1186.
4. Hayes, S. M., L. Li, and P. E. Love. 2005. TCR signal strength influences αβ/γδ lineage fate. Immunity 22: 583-593.
5. Lauritsen, J. P., G. W. Wong, S. Y. Lee, J. M. Lefebvre, M. Ciofani, M. Rhodes, D. J. Kappes, J. C. Zúñiga-Pflücker, and D. L. Wiest. 2009. Marked induction of the helix-loop-helix protein Id3 promotes the γδ T cell fate and renders their functional maturation Notch independent. Immunity 31: 565-575.
6. Jensen, K. D. C., and Y. H. Chien. 2009. Thymic maturation determines γδ T cell function, but not their antigen specificities. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 21: 140-145.
7. + thymocytes. Eur. J. Immunol. 26: 1424-1429.
8. Azuara, V., J. P. Levraud, M. P. Lembezat, and P. Pereira. 1997. A novel subset of adult γ δthymocytes that secretes a distinct pattern of cytokines and expresses a very restricted T cell receptor repertoire. Eur. J. Immunol. 27: 544-553.
9. Grigoriadou, K., L. Boucontet, and P. Pereira. 2003. Most IL-4-producing γ δ thymocytes of adult mice originate from fetal precursors. J. Immunol. 171: 2413-2420. (Pubitemid 37025548)
10. Pereira, P., D. Gerber, S. Y. Huang, and S. Tonegawa. 1995. Ontogenic development and tissue distribution of V γ 1-expressing γ/δ T lymphocytes in normal mice. J. Exp. Med. 182: 1921-1930.
11. Jin, N., C. L. Roark, N. Miyahara, C. Taube, M. K. Aydintug, J. M. Wands, Y. Huang, Y. S. Hahn, E. W. Gelfand, R. L. O'Brien, and W. K. Born. 2009. Allergic airway hyperresponsiveness-enhancing γδ T cells develop in normal untreated mice and fail to produce IL-4/13, unlike Th2 and NKT cells. J. Immunol. 182: 2002-2010.
12. + cells, promote airway hyperreactivity, Th2 cytokines, and airway in- flammation. J. Immunol. 172: 2894-2902.
13. Yin, Z., C. Chen, S. J. Szabo, L. H. Glimcher, A. Ray, and J. Craft. 2002. T-Bet expression and failure of GATA-3 cross-regulation lead to default production of IFN-γ by γδ T cells. J. Immunol. 168: 1566-1571. (Pubitemid 34135750)
14. Shin, S., R. El-Diwany, S. Schaffert, E. J. Adams, K. C. Garcia, P. Pereira, and Y.- H. Chien. 2005. Antigen recognition determinants of γδ T cell receptors. Science 308: 252-255.
15. Adams, E. J., P. Strop, S. Shin, Y. H. Chien, and K. C. Garcia. 2008. An autonomous CDR3δ is sufficient for recognition of the nonclassical MHC class I molecules T10 and T22 by γδ T cells. Nat. Immunol. 9: 777-784.
16. Jensen, K. D. C., X. Su, S. Shin, L. Li, S. Youssef, S. Yamasaki, L. Steinman, T. Saito, R. M. Locksley, M. M. Davis, et al. 2008. Thymic selection determines γδ T cell effector fate: antigen-naive cells make interleukin-17 and antigen-experienced cells make interferon g. Immunity 29: 90-100.
17. Do, J.-S., P. J. Fink, L. Li, R. Spolski, J. Robinson, W. J. Leonard, J. J. Letterio, and B. Min. 2010. Cutting edge: spontaneous development of IL-17-producing γδ T cells in the thymus occurs via a TGF-β1-dependent mechanism. J. Immunol. 184: 1675-1679.
18. Boyden, L. M., J. M. Lewis, S. D. Barbee, A. Bas, M. Girardi, A. C. Hayday, R. E. Tigelaar, and R. P. Lifton. 2008. Skint1, the prototype of a newly identified immunoglobulin superfamily gene cluster, positively selects epidermal γδ T cells. Nat. Genet. 40: 656-662.
19. Hayday, A. C. 2009. γδ T cells and the lymphoid stress-surveillance response. Immunity 31: 184-196.
20. Mason, D. 1998. A very high level of crossreactivity is an essential feature of the Tcell receptor. Immunol. Today 19: 395-404. (Pubitemid 28392279)
21. O'Brien, R. L., M. P. Happ, A. Dallas, E. Palmer, R. Kubo, and W. K. Born. 1989. Stimulation of a major subset of lymphocytes expressing T cell receptor γ δ by an antigen derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cell 57: 667-674.
22. + lymphocytes are derived from a common distinct lineage. J. Immunol. 151: 4523-4527.
23. + dendritic cells enable the development of γδ T cells that modulate airway hyperresponsiveness. J. Immunol. 181: 309-319.
24. Naik, S. H., D. Metcalf, A. van Nieuwenhuijze, I. Wicks, L. Wu, M. O'Keefe, and K. Shortman. 2006. Intrasplenic steady-state dendritic cell precursors that are distinct from monocytes. Nat. Immunol. 7: 663-671.
25. Jin, N., C. Taube, L. Sharp, Y.-S. Hahn, X. Yin, J. M. Wands, C. L. Roark, R. L. O'Brien, E. W. Gelfand, and W. K. Born. 2005.Mismatched antigen prepares γ δ T cells for suppression of airway hyperresponsiveness. J. Immunol. 174: 2671-2679. (Pubitemid 40279681)
26. Jameson, J., and W. L. Havran. 2007. Skin γδ T-cell functions in homeostasis and wound healing. Immunol. Rev. 215: 114-122.
27. Jameson, J., K. Ugarte, N. Chen, P. Yachi, E. Fuchs, R. Boismenu, and W. L. Havran. 2002. A role for skin γδ T cells in wound repair. Science 296: 747-749. (Pubitemid 34442005)
28. O'Brien, R. L., X. Yin, S. A. Huber, K. Ikuta, and W. K. Born. 2000. Depletion of a γ δ T cell subset can increase host resistance to a bacterial infection. J. Immunol. 165: 6472-6479.
29. Welte, T., J. Lamb, J. F. Anderson,W. K. Born, R. L. O'Brien, and T. Wang. 2008. Role of two distinct γδ T cell subsets during West Nile virus infection. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 53: 275-283.
30. + γ δ T cells have proinflammatory and antiviral effects in viral lung disease. J. Immunol. 182: 1174-1181.
31. + T cells to lung and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis. J. Immunol. 177: 4436-4443.
32. + T cells promote susceptibility to coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis in mice. J. Immunol. 165: 4174-4181.
33. + uveitogenic T cells. J. Immunol. 183: 560-567.
34. Roark, C. L., J. D. French, M. A. Taylor, A. M. Bendele, W. K. Born, and R. L. O'Brien. 2007. Exacerbation of collagen-induced arthritis by oligoclonal, IL-17-producing γ δ T cells. J. Immunol. 179: 5576-5583.
35. Wu, H., J. F. Knight, and S. I. Alexander. 2004. Regulatory γ δ T cells in Heymann nephritis express an invariant Vγ6/Vδ1 with a canonical CDR3 sequence. Eur. J. Immunol. 34: 2322-2330.
36. Wu, H., Y. M. Wang, Y. Wang, M. Hu, G. Y. Zhang, J. F. Knight, D. C. Harris, and S. I. Alexander. 2007. Depletion of γδ T cells exacerbates murine adriamycin nephropathy. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 18: 1180-1189.
37. Lahn, M., A. Kanehiro, K. Takeda, A. Joetham, J. Schwarze, G. Köhler, R. O'Brien, E. W. Gelfand, and W. Born. 1999. Negative regulation of airway responsiveness that is dependent on γδ T cells and independent of αβ T cells. [Published erratum appears in 2000 Nat. Med. 6: 229.] Nat. Med. 5: 1150-1156.
38. McMenamin, C., C. Pimm, M. McKersey, and P. G. Holt. 1994. Regulation of IgE responses to inhaled antigen in mice by antigen-specific γ δ T cells. Science 265: 1869-1871. (Pubitemid 24324243)
39. Huang, Y.,N. Jin, C. L.Roark, M.K. Aydintug, J. M.Wands, H.Huang, R. L.O'Brien, and W. K. Born. 2009. The influence of IgE-enhancing and IgE-suppressive γδ T cells changes with exposure to inhaled ovalbumin. J. Immunol. 183: 849-855.
40. Gao, Y., W. Yang, M. Pan, E. Scully, M. Girardi, L. H. Augenlicht, J. Craft, and Z. Yin. 2003. γδ T cells provide an early source of interferon γ in tumor immunity. J. Exp. Med. 198: 433-442.
41. + T cells and tumor necrosis factor-α in ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 40: 454-463.
42. Jin, N., N. Miyahara, C. L. Roark, J. D. French, M. K. Aydintug, J. L. Matsuda, L. Gapin, R. L. O'Brien, E. W. Gelfand, and W. K. Born. 2007. Airway hyper-responsiveness through synergy of γδ T cells and NKT cells. J. Immunol. 179: 2961-2968.
43. + γ δ T cells regulate airway hyperreactivity to methacholine in ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged mice. J. Immunol. 171: 3170-3178.
44. + αβ T cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 63: 707-714.
45. Brandes, M., K. Willimann, and B. Moser. 2005. Professional antigen-presentation function by human γδ T Cells. Science 309: 264-268. (Pubitemid 40967855)
46. Cheng, L., Y. Cui, H. Shao, G. Han, L. Zhu, Y. Huang, R. L. O'Brien, W. K. Born, H. J. Kaplan, and D. Sun. 2008. Mouse γδ T cells are capable of expressing MHC class II molecules, and of functioning as antigen-presenting cells. J. Neuroimmunol. 203: 3-11.
47. Wu, Y., W. Wu, W. M. Wong, E. Ward, A. J. Thrasher, D. Goldblatt, M. Osman, P. Digard, D. H. Canaday, and K. Gustafsson. 2009. Human γ δ T cells: a lymphoid lineage cell capable of professional phagocytosis. J. Immunol. 183: 5622-5629.
48. Avichezer, D., C. C. Chan, P. B. Silver, B. Wiggert, and R. R. Caspi. 2000. Residues 1-20 of IRBP and whole IRBP elicit different uveitogenic and immunological responses in interferon γ deficient mice. Exp. Eye Res. 71: 111-118.
49. + MOG-specific T cells on oligomeric MHC class I molecules. Int. Immunol. 15: 261-268.
50. Hohlfeld, R., A. G. Engel, K. Ii, and M. C. Harper. 1991. Polymyositis mediated by T lymphocytes that express the γ/δ receptor. N. Engl. J. Med. 324: 877-881.
51. Shimonkevitz, R., C. Colburn, J. A. Burnham, R. S. Murray, and B. L. Kotzin. 1993. Clonal expansions of activated γ/δ T cells in recent-onset multiple sclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 923-927.
52. Sim, G.-K., and A. Augustin. 1990. Dominantly inherited expression of BID, an invariant undiversified T cell receptor δ chain. Cell 61: 397-405. (Pubitemid 20168995)
53. 4J γ 1 rearrangements with "GxYS" junctions. J. Immunol. 146: 2439-2445.
54. Havran,W. L., Y.-H. Chien, and J. P. Allison. 1991. Recognition of self antigens by skin-derived T cells with invariant γ δ antigen receptors. Science 252: 1430-1432.
55. Mukasa, A., W. K. Born, and R. L. O'Brien. 1999. Inflammation alone evokes the response of a TCR-invariant mouse γδ T cell subset. J. Immunol. 162: 4910-4913. (Pubitemid 29314896)
56. Toulon, A., L. Breton, K. R. Taylor, M. Tenenhaus, D. Bhavsar, C. Lanigan, R. Rudolph, J. Jameson, and W. L. Havran. 2009. A role for human skin-resident T cells in wound healing. J. Exp. Med. 206: 743-750.
57. + γ δ T cells elicited by inflammation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 75: 68-75.
58. Heyborne, K. D., R. L. Cranfill, S. R. Carding, W. K. Born, and R. L. O'Brien. 1992. Characterization of γ δ T lymphocytes at the maternal-fetal interface. J. Immunol. 149: 2872-2878.
59. Aydintug, M. K., C. L. Roark, J. L. Chain, W. K. Born, and R. L. O'Brien. 2008. Macrophages express multiple ligands for γδ TCRs. Mol. Immunol. 45: 3253-3263.
60. Aydintug, M. K., C. L. Roark, X. Yin, J. M. Wands, W. K. Born, and R. L. O'Brien. 2004. Detection of cell surface ligands for the γ δ TCR using soluble TCRs. J. Immunol. 172: 4167-4175.
61. O'Brien, R. L., Y.-X. Fu, R. Cranfill, A. Dallas, C. Ellis, C. Reardon, J. Lang, S. R. Carding, R. Kubo, and W. Born. 1992. Heat shock protein Hsp60-reactive γ δ cells: a large, diversified T-lymphocyte subset with highly focused specificity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 4348-4352.
62. Happ, M. P., R. T. Kubo, E. Palmer, W. K. Born, and R. L. O'Brien. 1989. Limited receptor repertoire in a mycobacteria-reactive subset of γ δ T lymphocytes. Nature 342: 696-698. (Pubitemid 20001588)
63. Wilde, D. B., K. Roberts, K. Sturmhöfel, G. Kikuchi, J. E. Coligan, and E. M. Shevach. 1992. Mouse autoreactive γ/δ T cells. I. Functional properties of autoreactive T cell hybridomas. Eur. J. Immunol. 22: 483-489.
64. Kikuchi, G. E., K. Roberts, E. M. Shevach, and J. E. Coligan. 1992. Gene transfer demonstrates that the V γ 1.1C γ 4V δ 6C δ T cell receptor is essential for autoreactivity. J. Immunol. 148: 1302-1307.
65. Carding, S. R., W. Allan, S. Kyes, A. Hayday, K. Bottomly, and P. C. Doherty. 1990. Late dominance of the inflammatory process in murine influenza by γ/δ + T cells. J. Exp. Med. 172: 1225-1231.
66. Mombaerts, P., J. Arnoldi, F. Russ, S. Tonegawa, and S. H. E. Kaufmann. 1993. Different roles of α β and γ δ T cells in immunity against an intracellular bacterial pathogen. Nature 365: 53-56. (Pubitemid 23305567)
67. Fu, Y.-X., C. E. Roark, K. Kelly, D. Drevets, P. Campbell, R. O'Brien, and W. Born. 1994. Immune protection and control of inflammatory tissue necrosis by γ δ T cells. J. Immunol. 153: 3101-3115. (Pubitemid 24292535)
68. Jameson, J. M., G. Cauvi, D. A. Witherden, and W. L. Havran. 2004. A keratinocyte-responsive γ δ TCR is necessary for dendritic epidermal T cell activation by damaged keratinocytes and maintenance in the epidermis. J. Immunol. 172: 3573-3579.
69. Jameson, J. M., G. Cauvi, L. L. Sharp, D. A. Witherden, and W. L. Havran. 2005. γδ T cell-induced hyaluronan production by epithelial cells regulates inflammation. J. Exp. Med. 201: 1269-1279.
70. Wen, L., W. Pao, F. S. Wong, Q. Peng, J. Craft, B. Zheng, G. Kelsoe, L. Dianda, M. J. Owen, and A. C. Hayday. 1996. Germinal center formation, immunoglobulin class switching, and autoantibody production driven by "non α/β" T cells. J. Exp. Med. 183: 2271-2282.
71. Pao, W., L. Wen, A. L. Smith, A. Gulbranson-Judge, B. Zheng, G. Kelsoe, I. C. M. MacLennan, M. J. Owen, and A. C. Hayday. 1996. γ δ T cell help of B cells is induced by repeated parasitic infection, in the absence of other T cells. Curr. Biol. 6: 1317-1325.
72. McMenamin, C., M. McKersey, P. Kühnlein, T. Hünig, and P. G. Holt. 1995. γ δ T cells down-regulate primary IgE responses in rats to inhaled soluble protein antigens. J. Immunol. 154: 4390-4394.
73. Felices, M., C. C. Yin, Y. Kosaka, J. Kang, and L. J. Berg. 2009. Tec kinase Itk in γδT cells is pivotal for controlling IgE production in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 8308-8313.
74. + γδ T cells in the absence of Itk results in elevated IgE production. Blood 114: 564-571.
75. + pulmonary T cells regulate α β T cell-independent airway responsiveness. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 8850-8855.
76. Havran, W. L., and J. P. Allison. 1988. Developmentally ordered appearance of thymocytes expressing different T-cell antigen receptors. Nature 335: 443-445.
77. De Rosa, S. C., J. P. Andrus, S. P. Perfetto, J. J. Mantovani, L. A. Herzenberg, L. A. Herzenberg, and M. Roederer. 2004. Ontogeny of γ δ T cells in humans. J. Immunol. 172: 1637-1645.
78. Ramsburg, E., R. Tigelaar, J. Craft, and A. Hayday. 2003. Age-dependent requirement for γδ T cells in the primary but not secondary protective immune response against an intestinal parasite. J. Exp. Med. 198: 1403-1414.
79. Hayday, A. C., S. Roberts, and E. Ramsburg. 2000. γδ Cells and the regulation of mucosal immune responses. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 162: S161-S163.
80. Gibbons, D. L., S. F. Haque, T. Silberzahn, K. Hamilton, C. Langford, P. Ellis, R. Carr, and A. C. Hayday. 2009. Neonates harbour highly active γδ T cells with selective impairments in preterm infants. Eur. J. Immunol. 39: 1794-1806.
81. + T cell expansion in infants immunized at birth with BCG vaccine. Vaccine 25: 6313-6320.
82. Cairo, C., N. Propp, G. Auricchio, C. L. Armstrong, A. Abimiku, G. Mancino, V. Colizzi, W. Blattner, and C. D. Pauza. 2008. Altered cord blood γδ T cell repertoire in Nigeria: possible impacts of environmental factors on neonatal immunity. Mol. Immunol. 45: 3190-3197.
83. Heilig, J. S., and S. Tonegawa. 1986. Diversity of murine γ genes and expression in fetal and adult T lymphocytes. Nature 322: 836-840.
84. Heyborne, K., Y.-X. Fu, A. Nelson, A. Farr, R. O'Brien, and W. Born. 1994. Recognition of trophoblasts by γ δ T cells. J. Immunol. 153: 2918-2926.
85. Arck, P. C., D. A. Ferrick, D. Steele-Norwood, K. Croitoru, and D. A. Clark. 1997. Murine T cell determination of pregnancy outcome. I. Effects of strain, αβ T cell receptor, γδ T cell receptor, and γδ T cell subsets. [Published erratum appears in 1997 Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 38: 438.] Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 37: 492.
86. Arck, P. C., D. A. Ferrick, D. Steele-Norwood, P. J. Egan, K. Croitoru, S. R. Carding, J. Dietl, and D. A. Clark. 1999. Murine T cell determination of pregnancy outcome. Cell. Immunol. 196: 71-79.
87. + dendritic epidermal cells. Cell 55: 837-847.
88. Boismenu, R., M. V. Hobbs, S. Boullier, and W. L. Havran. 1996. Molecular and cellular biology of dendritic epidermal T cells. Semin. Immunol. 8: 323-331.
89. Hayes, S. M., A. Sirr, S. Jacob, G. K. Sim, and A. Augustin. 1996. Role of IL-7 in the shaping of the pulmonary γ δ T cell repertoire. J. Immunol. 156: 2723-2729. (Pubitemid 126660617)
90. Simonian, P. L., C. L. Roark, F. Wehrmann, A. K. Lanham, F. Diaz del Valle, W. K. Born, R. L. O'Brien, and A. P. Fontenot. 2009. Th17-polarized immune response in a murine model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and lung fibrosis. J. Immunol. 182: 657-665.
91. Ando, T., H. Wu, D. Watson, T. Hirano, H. Hirakata, M. Fujishima, and J. F. Knight. 2001. Infiltration of canonical Vγ4/Vδ1 γδ T cells in an adriamycin-induced progressive renal failure model. J. Immunol. 167: 3740-3745. (Pubitemid 32910819)
92. Huber, S. A., and D. Sartini. 2005. Roles of tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α) and the p55 TNF receptor in CD1d induction and coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis. J. Virol. 79: 2659-2665.
93. Parker, C. M., V. Groh, H. Band, S. A. Porcelli, C. Morita, M. Fabbi, D. Glass, J. L. Strominger, and M. B. Brenner. 1990. Evidence for extrathymic changes in the T cell receptor γ/δ repertoire. J. Exp. Med. 171: 1597-1612.
94. Janeway, C. A., Jr., B. Jones, and A. Hayday. 1988. Specificity and function of T cells bearing γ δ receptors. Immunol. Today 9: 73-76.
95. Zuany-Amorim, C., C. Ruffié, S. Hailé, B. B. Vargaftig, P. Pereira, and M. Pretolani. 1998. Requirement for γδ T cells in allergic airway inflammation. Science 280: 1265-1267. (Pubitemid 28269621)
96. Svensson, L., B. Lilliehöök, R. Larsson, and A. Bucht. 2003. γδ T cells contribute to the systemic immunoglobulin E response and local B-cell reactivity in allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation. Immunology 108: 98-108. (Pubitemid 36110870)
97. Born, W. K., Y. Huang, N. Jin, H. Huang, and R. L. O'Brien. 2010. Balanced approach of γδ T cells to type 2 immunity. Immunol. Cell Biol. doi:10.1038/icb.2009.105.
98. Wiendl, H., J. Malotka, B. Holzwarth, H.-U. Weltzien, H. Wekerle, R. Hohlfeld, and K. Dornmair. 2002. An autoreactive γ δ TCR derived from a polymyositis lesion. J. Immunol. 169: 515-521. (Pubitemid 34686174)