메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 78, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 201-210

A model for continuous quality control incorporating sample-to-sample assessment of optical alignment, fluorescence sensitivity, and volumetric operation of flow cytometers

Author keywords

Aberrant BCR; BCR; Bead count rate; Continuous quality control; CQC; Fluidics; Forward scatter vs. fluorescence; Optical alignment; Pipetting error; PLG CD4; Sensitivity; Stability; Time vs. count; Time vs. fluorescence; Volumetric operation

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; FLOW CYTOMETRY; FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS; HISTOGRAM; MICROFLUIDIC ANALYSIS; PIPETTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL;

EID: 77952600337     PISSN: 15524949     EISSN: 15524957     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20520     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (14)

References (70)
  • 2
    • 0019797943 scopus 로고
    • Immunologic monitoring with monoclonal antibodies to human T-cell subsets
    • Cosimi AB, Colvin RB, Burton RC, Winn HJ, Rubin R, Goldstein G, Kung PC, Hoffman RA, Hansen WP, Russell PS. Immunologic monitoring with monoclonal antibodies to human T-cell subsets. Transplant Proc 1981;13:1589-1593. (Pubitemid 11016727)
    • (1981) Transplantation Proceedings , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 1589-1593
    • Cosimi, A.B.1    Colvin, R.B.2    Burton, R.C.3
  • 4
    • 0019486062 scopus 로고
    • Immunofluorescent analysis of blood cells by flow cytometry
    • DOI 10.1016/0192-0561(81)90018-7
    • Hoffman RA, Hansen WP. Immunofluorescent analysis of blood cells by flow cytometry. Int J Immunopharmacol 1981;3:249-254. (Pubitemid 11027811)
    • (1981) International Journal of Immunopharmacology , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 249-254
    • Hoffman, R.A.1    Hansen, W.P.2
  • 5
    • 0019052285 scopus 로고
    • Simple and rapid measurement of human T lymphocytes and their subclasses in peripheral blood
    • Hoffman RA, Kung PC, Hansen WP, Goldstein G. Simple and rapid measurement of human T lymphocytes and their subclasses in peripheral blood. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;77:4914-4917.
    • (1980) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.77 , pp. 4914-4917
    • Hoffman, R.A.1    Kung, P.C.2    Hansen, W.P.3    Goldstein, G.4
  • 6
    • 0023508142 scopus 로고
    • Clinical cytometry and immunophenotyping. I. Flow cytometric analysis of normal peripheral blood and bone marrow
    • Patrick CW, Ash R, Libnoch JA, Keller RH. Clinical cytometry and immunophenotyping. I. Flow cytometric analysis of normal peripheral blood and bone marrow. Pathol Immunopathol Res 1987;6:64-76.
    • (1987) Pathol Immunopathol Res , vol.6 , pp. 64-76
    • Patrick, C.W.1    Ash, R.2    Libnoch, J.A.3    Keller, R.H.4
  • 8
    • 0032189327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow cytometric quantitation of immunofluorescence intensity: Problems and perspectives
    • European Working Group on Clinical Cell Analysis
    • Gratama JW, D'Hautcourt JL, Mandy F, Rothe G, Barnett D, Janossy G, Papa S, Schmitz G, Lenkei R. Flow cytometric quantitation of immunofluorescence intensity: problems and perspectives. European Working Group on Clinical Cell Analysis. Cytometry 1998;33:166-178.
    • (1998) Cytometry , vol.33 , pp. 166-178
    • Gratama, J.W.1    D'Hautcourt, J.L.2    Mandy, F.3    Rothe, G.4    Barnett, D.5    Janossy, G.6    Papa, S.7    Schmitz, G.8    Lenkei, R.9
  • 10
    • 0024590240 scopus 로고
    • Fluorescence intensity analysis through simplex optimization in flow cytometry
    • Takase K, Iwaki K, Gunji T, Yata J. Fluorescence intensity analysis through simplex optimization in flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 1989;118:129-138. (Pubitemid 19071620)
    • (1989) Journal of Immunological Methods , vol.118 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-138
    • Takase, K.1    Iwaki, K.2    Gunji, T.3    Yata, J.4
  • 11
    • 0032863668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + stem cell counts by single- Platform flow cytometry: The way forward
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01632.x
    • Barnett D, Granger V, Whitby L, Storie I, Reilly JT. Absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte and CD34+ stem cell counts by single-platform flow cytometry: The way forward. Br J Haematol 1999;106:1059-1062. (Pubitemid 29463025)
    • (1999) British Journal of Haematology , vol.106 , Issue.4 , pp. 1059-1062
    • Barnett, D.1    Granger, V.2    Whitby, L.3    Storie, I.4    Reilly, J.T.5
  • 12
    • 0037092123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD45-assisted PanLeucogating for accurate, cost-effective dual-platform CD4+ T-cell enumeration
    • DOI 10.1002/cyto.10068
    • Glencross D, Scott LE, Jani IV, Barnett D, Janossy G. CD45-assisted PanLeucogating for accurate, cost-effective dual-platform CD4+ Tcell enumeration. Cytometry 2002;50:69-77. (Pubitemid 44394816)
    • (2002) Cytometry , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 69-77
    • Glencross, D.1    Scott, L.E.2    Jani, I.V.3    Barnett, D.4    Janossy, G.5
  • 13
    • 51749110853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD4+ Tlymphocyte enumeration with a flow-rate based method in three flow cytometers with different years in service
    • Pattanapanyasat K, Chimma P, Sratongno P, Lerdwana S. CD4+ Tlymphocyte enumeration with a flow-rate based method in three flow cytometers with different years in service. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2008;74B:310-318.
    • (2008) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.74 B , pp. 310-318
    • Pattanapanyasat, K.1    Chimma, P.2    Sratongno, P.3    Lerdwana, S.4
  • 14
    • 0030806082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + T-Cell Enumeration
    • Mandy FF, Bergeron M, Minkus T. Evolution of leukocyte immunophenotyping as influenced by the HIV/AIDS pandemic: a short history of the development of gating strategies for CD4+ T-cell enumeration. Cytometry 1997;30:157-165. (Pubitemid 127473339)
    • (1997) Cytometry , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 157-165
    • Mandy, F.F.1    Bergeron, M.2    Minkus, T.3
  • 15
    • 0027071866 scopus 로고
    • A simultaneous three-color T cell subsets analysis with single laser flow cytometers using T cell gating protocol. Comparison wih conventional two-color immunophenotyping method
    • DOI 10.1016/0022-1759(92)90021-K
    • Mandy FF, Bergeron M, Recktenwald D, Izaguirre CA. A simultaneous three-color T cell subsets analysis with single laser flow cytometers using T cell gating protocol. Comparison with conventional two-color immunophenotyping method. J Immunol Methods 1992;156:151-162. (Pubitemid 23017213)
    • (1992) Journal of Immunological Methods , vol.156 , Issue.2 , pp. 151-162
    • Mandy, F.F.1    Bergeron, M.2    Recktenwald, D.3    Izaguirre, C.A.4
  • 16
    • 0025884217 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous identification of eight leucocyte subsets of human peripheral blood using three-colour immunofluorescence flow cytometric analysis
    • Carayon P, Bord A, Raymond M. Simultaneous identification of eight leucocyte subsets of human peripheral blood using three-colour immunofluorescence flow cytometric analysis. J Immunol Methods 1991;138:257-264.
    • (1991) J Immunol Methods , vol.138 , pp. 257-264
    • Carayon, P.1    Bord, A.2    Raymond, M.3
  • 19
    • 38849123549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The changing pattern of "smart" flow cytometry (S-FC) to assist the cost-effective diagnosis of HIV, tuberculosis, and leukemias in resource-restricted conditions
    • Janossy G. The changing pattern of "smart" flow cytometry (S-FC) to assist the cost-effective diagnosis of HIV, tuberculosis, and leukemias in resource-restricted conditions. Biotechnol J 2008;3:32-42.
    • (2008) Biotechnol J , vol.3 , pp. 32-42
    • Janossy, G.1
  • 20
    • 42449128705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fragile environments of inexpensive CD4+ T-cell enumeration in the least developed countries: Strategies for accessible support
    • Larsen CH. The fragile environments of inexpensive CD4+ T-cell enumeration in the least developed countries: Strategies for accessible support. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2008;74B(Suppl 1):S107-S116.
    • (2008) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.74 B , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Larsen, C.H.1
  • 21
    • 0033569498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enumeration of CD4(+) T-cells in the peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients: An interlaboratory study of the FACSCount system
    • Lopez A, Caragol I, Candeias J, Villamor N, Echaniz P, Ortuno F, Sempere A, Strauss K, Orfao A. Enumeration of CD4(+) T-cells in the peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients: An interlaboratory study of the FACSCount system. Cytometry 1999;38:231-237.
    • (1999) Cytometry , vol.38 , pp. 231-237
    • Lopez, A.1    Caragol, I.2    Candeias, J.3    Villamor, N.4    Echaniz, P.5    Ortuno, F.6    Sempere, A.7    Strauss, K.8    Orfao, A.9
  • 22
    • 0028679567 scopus 로고
    • CD4 enumeration in HIV infected individuals
    • Lopez A, Ciudad J, Cordero M, Orfao A. CD4 enumeration in HIV infected individuals. Eur J Histochem 1994;38(Suppl 1):35-40.
    • (1994) Eur J Histochem , vol.38 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 35-40
    • Lopez, A.1    Ciudad, J.2    Cordero, M.3    Orfao, A.4
  • 23
    • 0037092181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T-cell subset counting and the fight against AIDS: Reflections over a 20-year struggle
    • DOI 10.1002/cyto.10097
    • Mandy F, Nicholson J, Autran B, Janossy G. T-cell subset counting and the fight against AIDS: Reflections over a 20-year struggle. Cytometry 2002;50:39-45. (Pubitemid 44394812)
    • (2002) Cytometry , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 39-45
    • Mandy, F.1    Nicholson, J.2    Autran, B.3    Janossy, G.4
  • 25
    • 0003462242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Accessed: 13 March Available at
    • WHO.Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2008 Accessed: 13 March. Available at: http://www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/GlobalReport/2008/.
    • (2008) Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic
  • 26
    • 77952620160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed: 20 July 2009. Available at
    • NHLS. National Health Laboratory Services 2007 Accessed: 20 July 2009. Available at: http://www.nhls.ac.za/.
    • (2007)
  • 27
    • 42449152330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale affordable PanLeucogated CD4+ testing with proactive internal and external quality assessment: In support of the South African national comprehensive care, treatment and management programme for HIV and AIDS
    • Glencross DK, Janossy G, Coetzee LM, Lawrie D, Aggett HM, Scott LE, Sanne I, McIntyre JA, Stevens W. Large-scale affordable PanLeucogated CD4+ testing with proactive internal and external quality assessment: In support of the South African national comprehensive care, treatment and management programme for HIV and AIDS. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2008;74B(Suppl 1):S40-S51.
    • (2008) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.74 B , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Glencross, D.K.1    Janossy, G.2    Coetzee, L.M.3    Lawrie, D.4    Aggett, H.M.5    Scott, L.E.6    Sanne, I.7    McIntyre, J.A.8    Stevens, W.9
  • 28
    • 42449094912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African regional external quality assessment for CD4 T-cell enumeration: Development, outcomes, and performance of laboratories
    • DOI 10.1002/cyto.b.20397
    • Glencross DK, Aggett HM, Stevens WS, Mandy F. African regional external quality assessment for CD4 T-cell enumeration: Development, outcomes, and performance of laboratories. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2008;74B(Suppl 1):S69-S79. (Pubitemid 351569274)
    • (2008) Cytometry Part B - Clinical Cytometry , vol.74 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Glencross, D.K.1    Aggett, H.M.2    Stevens, W.S.3    Mandy, F.4
  • 32
    • 0034489798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affordable CD4(+) T-cell counts on 'single-platform' flow cytometers I. Primary CD4 gating
    • Janossy G, Jani I, Gohde W. Affordable CD4(+) T-cell counts on 'single-platform' flow cytometers I. Primary CD4 gating. Br J Haematol 2000;111:1198-1208.
    • (2000) Br J Haematol , vol.111 , pp. 1198-1208
    • Janossy, G.1    Jani, I.2    Gohde, W.3
  • 37
    • 24744448681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring reproducibility of single analysis, single platform CD4 cell counts in a high volume, low resource laboratory setting using sequential bead count rates
    • Scott LE, Glencross DK. Monitoring reproducibility of single analysis, single platform CD4 cell counts in a high volume, low resource laboratory setting using sequential bead count rates. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2005;67B:31-32.
    • (2005) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.67 B , pp. 31-32
    • Scott, L.E.1    Glencross, D.K.2
  • 38
    • 33646466634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow rate calibration. III. The use of stabilized biostandards to calibrate the flow rate and calculate absolute CD4+ T-cell counts
    • Walker CL, Whitby L, Granger V, Storie I, Reilly JT, Barnett D. Flow rate calibration. III. The use of stabilized biostandards to calibrate the flow rate and calculate absolute CD4+ T-cell counts. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2006;70B:154-162.
    • (2006) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.70 B , pp. 154-162
    • Walker, C.L.1    Whitby, L.2    Granger, V.3    Storie, I.4    Reilly, J.T.5    Barnett, D.6
  • 39
    • 0020361027 scopus 로고
    • Simple methods to determine and compare the sensitivity of flow cytometers
    • Pinkel D, Steen HB. Simple methods to determine and compare the sensitivity of flow cytometers. Cytometry 1982;3:220-223. (Pubitemid 13171831)
    • (1982) Cytometry , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 220-223
    • Pinkel, D.1    Steen, H.B.2
  • 40
    • 0032917490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sheath fluid control to permit stable flow in rapid mix flow cytometry
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19990101)35:1<75::AID-CYTO10>3.0.CO;2-Y
    • Seamer LC, Kuckuck F, Sklar LA. Sheath fluid control to permit stable flow in rapid mix flow cytometry. Cytometry 1999;35:75-79. (Pubitemid 29031194)
    • (1999) Cytometry , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-79
    • Seamer, L.C.1    Kuckuck, F.2    Sklar, L.A.3
  • 41
    • 0032190253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fundamental flow cytometer properties governing sensitivity and resolution
    • Wood JC. Fundamental flow cytometer properties governing sensitivity and resolution. Cytometry 1998;33:260-266.
    • (1998) Cytometry , vol.33 , pp. 260-266
    • Wood, J.C.1
  • 42
    • 0032189060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating fluorescence sensitivity on flow cytometers: An overview
    • Wood JC, Hoffman RA. Evaluating fluorescence sensitivity on flow cytometers: An overview. Cytometry 1998;33:256-259.
    • (1998) Cytometry , vol.33 , pp. 256-259
    • Wood, J.C.1    Hoffman, R.A.2
  • 43
    • 0032190569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of calibration standards for antigen quantitation with flow cytometry
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19981001)33:2<188::AID-CYTO13>3.0.CO;2- Q
    • Lenkei R, Gratama JW, Rothe G, Schmitz G, D'Hautcourt JL, Arekrans A, Mandy F, Marti G. Performance of calibration standards for antigen quantitation with flow cytometry. Cytometry 1998;33:188-196. (Pubitemid 28447143)
    • (1998) Cytometry , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 188-196
    • Lenkei, R.1    Gratama, J.W.2    Rothe, G.3    Schmitz, G.4    D'Hautcourt, J.L.5    Arekrans, A.6    Mandy, F.7    Marti, G.8
  • 44
    • 0024672318 scopus 로고
    • Model system evaluating fluorescein-labeled microbeads as internal standards to calibrate fluorescence intensity on flow cytometers
    • Vogt RF, Jr., Cross GD, Henderson LO, Phillips DL. Model system evaluating fluorescein-labeled microbeads as internal standards to calibrate fluorescence intensity on flow cytometers. Cytometry 1989;10:294-302.
    • (1989) Cytometry , vol.10 , pp. 294-302
    • Vogt Jr., R.F.1    Cross, G.D.2    Henderson, L.O.3    Phillips, D.L.4
  • 45
    • 0025914430 scopus 로고
    • Interlaboratory study of cellular fluorescence intensity measurements with fluorescein-labeled microbead standards
    • Vogt RF Jr, Cross GD, Phillips DL, Henderson LO, Hannon WH. Interlaboratory study of cellular fluorescence intensity measurements with fluorescein-labeled microbead standards. Cytometry 1991;12:525-536.
    • (1991) Cytometry , vol.12 , pp. 525-536
    • Vogt Jr., R.F.1    Cross, G.D.2    Phillips, D.L.3    Henderson, L.O.4    Hannon, W.H.5
  • 46
    • 0034429748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorescence intensity calibration for immunophenotyping by flow cytometry
    • DOI 10.1006/meth.2000.1009
    • Vogt RF Jr, Whitfield WE, Henderson LO, Hannon WH. Fluorescence intensity calibration for immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. Methods 2000;21:289-296. (Pubitemid 32896753)
    • (2000) Methods , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-296
    • Vogt Jr., R.F.1    Whitfield, W.E.2    Henderson, L.O.3    Hannon, W.H.4
  • 47
    • 42449094912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African regional external quality assessment for CD4 T-cell enumeration: Development, outcomes, and performance of laboratories
    • DOI 10.1002/cyto.b.20397
    • Glencross DK, Aggett HM, Stevens WS, Mandy F. African regional external quality assessment for CD4 T-cell enumeration: Development, outcomes, and performance of laboratories. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2008;74B(Suppl 1):S69-S79. (Pubitemid 351569274)
    • (2008) Cytometry Part B - Clinical Cytometry , vol.74 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Glencross, D.K.1    Aggett, H.M.2    Stevens, W.S.3    Mandy, F.4
  • 48
    • 77952654067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NHLS. AFREQAS. Johannesburg, South Africa; 2009
    • NHLS. AFREQAS. Johannesburg, South Africa; 2009.
  • 49
    • 77952612898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed: 20 July 2009. Available at
    • UKNEQAS. United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service 2009 Accessed: 20 July 2009. Available at: www.ukneqasli.org.
    • (2009)
  • 52
    • 1542313167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A quality control tool for single-platform absolute counting technology: Using bead flow rate as pipetting precision verifyer
    • abst 11
    • Bergeron M, Phaneuf S, Ding T, Soucy N, Mandy F. A quality control tool for single-platform absolute counting technology: Using bead flow rate as pipetting precision verifyer. Cytometry 2002;50:281 [abst 11].
    • (2002) Cytometry , vol.50 , pp. 281
    • Bergeron, M.1    Phaneuf, S.2    Ding, T.3    Soucy, N.4    Mandy, F.5
  • 53
    • 77952616684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IQAP. Accessed: 30 July. Available at
    • IQAP. Beckman Coulter Hematology IQAP program 2009 Accessed: 30 July. Available at: http://www.beckman.com/customersupport/cu3.asp#iqap.
    • (2009)
  • 58
    • 76549221753 scopus 로고
    • The use of control charts in the clinical laboratory
    • Levey S, Jennings ER. The use of control charts in the clinical laboratory. Am J Clin Pathol 1950;20:1059-1066.
    • (1950) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.20 , pp. 1059-1066
    • Levey, S.1    Jennings, E.R.2
  • 60
    • 0022601861 scopus 로고
    • Regression analysis
    • Bland JM, Altman DJ. Regression analysis. Lancet 1986;1:908-909.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 908-909
    • Bland, J.M.1    Altman, D.J.2
  • 61
    • 1542346396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple method comparison: Statistical model using percentage similarity
    • Scott LE, Galpin JS, Glencross DK. Multiple method comparison: Statistical model using percentage similarity. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2003;54B:46-53.
    • (2003) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.54 B , pp. 46-53
    • Scott, L.E.1    Galpin, J.S.2    Glencross, D.K.3
  • 62
    • 77952645853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual pipetting vs. Beckman Coulter PrepPlus2 automated pipetting
    • Society of Medical Laboratory Technologist of South Africa. Bloemfontein, South Africa
    • Coetzee LM, Lawrie D, Glencross DK. Manual pipetting vs. Beckman Coulter PrepPlus2 automated pipetting. 17th National Congress, Society of Medical Laboratory Technologist of South Africa. Bloemfontein, South Africa; 2007.
    • (2007) 17th National Congress
    • Coetzee, L.M.1    Lawrie, D.2    Glencross, D.K.3
  • 63
    • 0021903234 scopus 로고
    • Helpful hints in flow cytometry and sorting
    • Dean PN. Helpful hints in flow cytometry and sorting. Cytometry 1985;6:62-64.
    • (1985) Cytometry , vol.6 , pp. 62-64
    • Dean, P.N.1
  • 65
    • 42449117109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD8/CD38 activation yields important clinical information of effective antiretroviral therapy: Findings from the first year of the CIPRA-SA cohort
    • Glencross DK, Janossy G, Coetzee LM, Lawrie D, Scott LE, Sanne I, McIntyre JA, Stevens W. CD8/CD38 activation yields important clinical information of effective antiretroviral therapy: Findings from the first year of the CIPRA-SA cohort. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2008;74B(Suppl 1):S131-S140.
    • (2008) Cytometry B Clin Cytom , vol.74 B , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Glencross, D.K.1    Janossy, G.2    Coetzee, L.M.3    Lawrie, D.4    Scott, L.E.5    Sanne, I.6    McIntyre, J.A.7    Stevens, W.8
  • 69
    • 77952635223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FACS MultiSET™ System. Productivity and Performance in CD4 Monitoring with 4-color MultiTEST™/TruCOUNT™ Technology
    • Dickinson B, editor. San Jose, CA, USA
    • Dickinson B. FACS MultiSET™ System. Productivity and Performance in CD4 Monitoring with 4-color MultiTEST™/TruCOUNT™ Technology. In: Dickinson B, editor. San Jose, CA, USA: BD Biosciences; 1998.
    • (1998) BD Biosciences
    • Dickinson, B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.