Physiological control of muscle mass in humans during resistance exercise, disuse and rehabilitation

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 249-254

  Murton, Andrew J ^a   Greenhaff, Paul L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Muscle disuse atrophy; Muscle protein turnover; Nutrition; Resistance exercise

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; CONCENTRIC MUSCLE CONTRACTION; ECCENTRIC MUSCLE CONTRACTION; EXERCISE; HUMAN; MOLECULE; MUSCLE ATROPHY; MUSCLE LENGTH; MUSCLE MASS; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCULAR ATROPHY; ORGAN SIZE; PHYSIOLOGY; RESISTANCE TRAINING; SKELETAL MUSCLE;

MUSCLE PROTEIN;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; EXERCISE; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMANS; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE PROTEINS; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; MUSCULAR ATROPHY; ORGAN SIZE; RESISTANCE TRAINING;

EID: 77951482108     PISSN: 13631950     EISSN: 14736519     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283374d19     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Deldicque L, Atherton P, Patel R, et al. Effects of resistance exercise with and without creatine supplementation on gene expression and cell signaling in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2008; 104:371-378.
2. LeckerSH, Jagoe RT, Gilbert A, et al. Multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy involve a common program of changes in gene expression. FASEB J 2004; 18:39-51.
3. Phillips SM, Hartman JW, Wilkinson SB. Dietary protein to support anabolism with resistance exercise in young men. J Am Coll Nutr 2005; 24:134S-139S.
4. Mascher H, Tannerstedt J, Brink-Elfegoun T, et al. Repeated resistance exercise training induces different changes in mRNA expression of MAFbx and MuRF-1 in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2008; 294:E43-E51.
5. Hulmi JJ, Kovanen V, Selanne H, et al. Acute and long-term effects of resistance exercise with or without protein ingestion on muscle hypertrophy and gene expression. Amino Acids 2009; 37:297-308.
6. Dennis RA, PrzybylaB, GurleyC, et al. Aging alters gene expression of growth and remodeling factors in human skeletal muscle both at rest and in response to acute resistance exercise. Physiol Genomics 2008; 32:393-400.
7. Drummond MJ, Fujita S, Abe T, et al. Human muscle gene expression following resistance exercise and blood flow restriction. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40:691-698.
8. Jensky NE, Sims JK, Rice JC, et al. The influence of eccentric exercise on mRNA expression of skeletal muscle regulators. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007; 101:473-480.
9. Nedergaard A, Vissing K, Overgaard K, et al. Expression patterns of atrogenic and ubiquitin proteasome component genes with exercise: effect of different loading patterns and repeated exercise bouts. J Appl Physiol 2007; 103:1513-1522.
10. Crossland H, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Gardiner SM, et al. A potential role for Akt/FOXO signalling in both protein loss and the impairment of muscle carbohydrate oxidation during sepsis in rodent skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2008; 586:5589-5600.
11. Sandri M, Sandri C, Gilbert A, et al. Foxo transcription factors induce the atrophy-related ubiquitin ligase atrogin-1 and cause skeletal muscle atrophy. Cell 2004; 117:399-412.
12. Stitt TN, Drujan D, Clarke BA, et al. The IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway prevents expression of muscle atrophy-induced ubiquitin ligases by inhibiting FOXO transcription factors. Mol Cell 2004; 14:395-403.
13. Greenhaff PL, Karagounis L, Peirce N, et al. Disassociation between the effects of amino acids and insulin on signalling, ubiquitin-ligases and protein turnover in human muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2008; 295:E595-F604; Epub 2008 Jun 24.
14. KoyamaS, Hata S, Witt CC, et al. Muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) as a connector of muscle energy metabolism and protein synthesis. J Mol Biol 2008; 376:1224-1236.
15. Roig M, O'Brien K, Kirk G, et al. The effects of eccentric versus concentric resistance training on muscle strength and mass in healthy adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2009; 43:556-568.
16. Chen YW, Hubal MJ, Hoffman EP, et al. Molecular responses of human muscle to eccentric exercise. J Appl Physiol 2003; 95:2485-2494.
17. Hubal MJ, Chen TC, Thompson PD, Clarkson PM. Inflammatory gene changes associated with the repeated-bout effect. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 294:R1628-R1637.
18. Tang JE, Moore DR, KujbidaGW, et al. Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men. J Appl Physiol 2009; 107:987-992.
19. Moore DR, Tang JE, Burd NA, et al. Differential stimulation of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis with protein ingestion at rest and after resistance exercise. J Physiol 2009; 587:897-904.
20. Mittendorfer B, Andersen JL, Plomgaard P, et al. Protein synthesis rates in human muscles: neither anatomical location nor fibre-type composition are major determinants. J Physiol 2005; 563:203-211.
21. Cuthbertson D, Smith K, Babraj J, et al. Anabolic signaling deficits underlie amino acid resistance of wasting, aging muscle. FASEB J 2005; 19:422-424.
22. Glover EI, Oates BR, Tang JE, et al. Resistance exercise decreases eIF2-Bepsilon phosphorylation and potentiates the feeding-induced stimulation of p70S6K1 and rpS6 in young men. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 295:R604-610.
23. Sekulic A, Hudson CC, Homme JL, et al. A direct linkage between the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT signaling pathway and the mammalian target of rapamycin in mitogen-stimulated and transformed cells. Cancer Res 2000; 60:3504-3513.
24. Wilkinson SB, Phillips SM, Atherton PJ, et al. Differential effects of resistance and endurance exercise in the fed state on signalling molecule phosphorylation and protein synthesis in human muscle. J Physiol 2008; 586:3701-3717.
25. Tang JE, Perco JG, Moore DR, et al. Resistance training alters the response of fed state mixed muscle protein synthesis in young men. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 294:R172-R178.
26. de Boer MD, Maganaris CN, Seynnes OR, et al. Time course of muscular, neural and tendinous adaptations to 23 day unilateral lower-limb suspension in young men. J Physiol 2007; 583:1079-1091.
27. Farthing JP, Krentz JR, Magnus CR. Strength training the free limb attenuates strength loss during unilateral immobilization. J Appl Physiol 2009; 106:830-836.
28. Glover EI, Phillips SM, Oates BR, et al. Immobilization induces anabolic resistance in human myofibrillar protein synthesis with low and high dose amino acid infusion. J Physiol 2008; 586:6049-6061.
29. Seynnes OR, Maganaris CN,de Boer MD, et al. Early structural adaptations to unloading in the human calf muscles. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2008; 193:265-274.
30. Pisot R, Narici MV, Simunic B, et al. Whole muscle contractile parameters and thickness loss during 35-day bed rest. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008; 104:409-414.
31. Trappe TA, Burd NA, Louis ES, et al. Influence of concurrent exercise or nutrition countermeasures on thigh and calf muscle size and function during 60 days of bed rest in women. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2007; 191:147-159.
32. de Boer MD, Seynnes OR, di Prampero PE, et al. Effect of 5 weeks horizontal bed rest on human muscle thickness and architecture of weight bearing and nonweight bearing muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008; 104:401-407.
33. Biolo G, Agostini F, Simunic B, et al. Positive energy balance is associated with accelerated muscle atrophy and increased erythrocyte glutathione turnover during 5 wk of bed rest. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:950-958.
34. Zange J, Mester J, Heer M, et al. 20-Hz whole body vibration training fails to counteract the decrease in leg muscle volume caused by 14 days of 6 degrees head down tilt bed rest. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 105:271-277.
35. Caiozzo VJ, Haddad F, Lee S, et al. Artificial gravity as a countermeasure to microgravity: a pilot study examining the effects on knee extensor and plantar flexor muscle groups. J Appl Physiol 2009; 107:39-46.
36. Salanova M, Schiffl G, Puttmann B, et al. Molecular biomarkers monitoring human skeletal muscle fibres and microvasculature following long-term bed rest with and without countermeasures. J Anat 2008; 212:306-318.
37. Borina E, Pellegrino MA, D'Antona G, Bottinelli R. Myosin and actin content of human skeletal muscle fibers following 35 days bed rest. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 20:65-73.
38. Haus JM, Carrithers JA, Carroll CC, et al. Contractile and connective tissue protein content of human skeletal muscle: effects of 35 and 90 days of simulated microgravity and exercise countermeasures. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007; 293:R1722-1727.
39. Lemoine JK, Haus JM, Trappe SW, Trappe TA. Muscle proteins during 60-day bedrest in women: impact of exercise or nutrition. Muscle Nerve 2009; 39:463-471.
40. Smith GI, Atherton P, Reeds DN, et al. No major sex differences in muscle protein synthesis rates in the postabsorptive state and during hyperinsulinemia-hyperaminoacidemia in middle-aged adults. J Appl Physiol 2009; 107: 1308-1315.
41. Smith GI, Atherton P, Villareal DT, et al. Differences in muscle protein synthesis and anabolic signaling in the postabsorptive state and in response to food in 65-80 year old men and women. PLoS One 2008; 3:e1875.
42. Abadi A, Glover EI, Isfort RJ, et al. Limb immobilization induces a coordinate down-regulation of mitochondrial and other metabolic pathways in men and women. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6518.
43. Clark BC, ManiniTM, Hoffman RL, Russ DW. Restoration of voluntary muscle strength after 3 weeks of cast immobilization is suppressed in women compared with men. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009; 90:178-180.
44. de Boer MD, Selby A, Atherton P, et al. The temporal responses of protein synthesis, gene expression and cell signalling in human quadriceps muscle and patellar tendon to disuse. J Physiol 2007; 585:241-251.
45. Paddon-Jones D, Sheffield-Moore M, Cree MG, et al. Atrophy and impaired muscle protein synthesis during prolonged inactivity and stress. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:4836-4841.
46. Ferrando AA, Lane HW, Stuart CA, et al. Prolonged bed rest decreases skeletal muscle and whole body protein synthesis. Am J Physiol 1996; 270:E627-633.
47. Trappe S, Creer A, Slivka D, et al. Single muscle fiber function with concurrent exercise or nutrition countermeasures during 60 days of bed rest in women. J Appl Physiol 2007; 103:1242-1250. (Pubitemid 47605959)
48. Murton AJ, Constantin D, Greenhaff PL. The involvement of the ubiquitin proteasome system in human skeletal muscle remodelling and atrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008; 1782:730-743.
49. Tesch PA, von Walden F, Gustafsson T, et al. Skeletal muscle proteolysis in response to short-term unloading in humans. J Appl Physiol 2008; 105:902-906.
50. Symons TB, Sheffield-Moore M, Chinkes DL, et al. Artificial gravity maintains skeletal muscle protein synthesis during 21 days of simulated microgravity. J Appl Physiol 2009; 107:34-38.
51. Rittweger J, Felsenberg D. Recovery of muscle atrophy and bone loss from 90 days bed rest: results from a one-yearfollow-up. Bone 2009; 44:214-224.