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The use of substrates containing ester groups is not appropriate, since significant transesterification was observed. Reactions performed with terminal olefins, such as 1-bromo-4-ethenylbenzene are possible but require prolonged reaction times for high conversions and are accompanied by significant amounts (up to 15%) of the corresponding Heck coupling products.
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The reason for the effect of water on the induction period is explained by decomposition of the pincer unit to form the active catalyst (most probably palladium nanoparticles).
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