-
1
-
-
85121936501
-
-
ACCORD 2008 Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Bigger JT, Buse JB, et al.Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008;358(24): 2545-59. [PUBMED: 18539917]
-
ACCORD 2008 Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Bigger JT, Buse JB, et al.Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008;358(24): 2545-59. [PUBMED: 18539917]
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
1842334456
-
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
-
PUBMED: 9203460] ADA 1997 American Diabetes Association
-
ADA 1997 American Diabetes Association. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997;20(7):1183-97. [PUBMED: 9203460]
-
(1997)
Diabetes Care
, vol.20
, Issue.7
, pp. 1183-1197
-
-
-
3
-
-
0032952815
-
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
-
ADA 1999 American Diabetes Association
-
ADA 1999 American Diabetes Association. The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1999;22(Suppl 1):S1-114.
-
(1999)
Diabetes Care
, vol.22
, Issue.SUPPL. 1
-
-
-
4
-
-
0012431804
-
Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus
-
PUBMED: 12502614] ADA 2003 American Diabetes Association
-
ADA 2003 American Diabetes Association. Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003;26 Suppl 1:S5-20. [PUBMED: 12502614]
-
(2003)
Diabetes Care
, vol.26
, Issue.SUPPL. 1
-
-
-
5
-
-
40249120466
-
Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2008
-
PUBMED: 18165335] ADA 2008 American Diabetes Association
-
ADA 2008 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2008. Diabetes Care 2008;31 Suppl 1:S12-54. [PUBMED: 18165335]
-
(2008)
Diabetes Care
, vol.31
, Issue.SUPPL. 1
-
-
-
6
-
-
45149133036
-
-
ADVANCE 2008 Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, Woodward M, et al.Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008;358(24):2560-72. [PUBMED: 18539916]
-
ADVANCE 2008 Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, Woodward M, et al.Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008;358(24):2560-72. [PUBMED: 18539916]
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
3142735789
-
-
Almdal 2004 Almdal T, Scharling H, Jensen JS, Vestergaard H. The independent effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on ischemic heart disease, stroke, and death: a population-based study of 13,000 men and women with 20 years of follow-up. Archives of Internal Medicine 2004;164 (13):1422-6. [PUBMED: 15249351]
-
Almdal 2004 Almdal T, Scharling H, Jensen JS, Vestergaard H. The independent effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on ischemic heart disease, stroke, and death: a population-based study of 13,000 men and women with 20 years of follow-up. Archives of Internal Medicine 2004;164 (13):1422-6. [PUBMED: 15249351]
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
27944464159
-
Bliss M. Resurrections in Toronto: The emergence of insulin
-
PUBMED: 16286782
-
Bliss 2005 Bliss M. Resurrections in Toronto: the emergence of insulin. Hormone Research 2005;64 Suppl 2:98-102. [PUBMED: 16286782]
-
(2005)
Hormone Research
, vol.64
, Issue.SUPPL. 2
, pp. 98-102
-
-
Bliss1
-
9
-
-
45949100256
-
-
Brok 2008 Brok J, Thorlund K, Gluud C, Wetterslev J. Trial sequential analysis reveals insufficient information size and potentially false positive results in many meta-analyses. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2008;61(8):763-9. [PUBMED: 18411040]
-
Brok 2008 Brok J, Thorlund K, Gluud C, Wetterslev J. Trial sequential analysis reveals insufficient information size and potentially false positive results in many meta-analyses. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2008;61(8):763-9. [PUBMED: 18411040]
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
60149098740
-
-
Brok 2009 Brok J, Thorlund K, Wetterslev J, Gluud C. Apparently conclusive meta-analyses may be inconclusive - Trial sequential analysis adjustment of random error risk due to repetitive testing of accumulating data in apparently conclusive neonatal meta-analyses. International Journal of Epidemiology 2009;38(1):287-98. [PUBMED: 18824466]
-
Brok 2009 Brok J, Thorlund K, Wetterslev J, Gluud C. Apparently conclusive meta-analyses may be inconclusive - Trial sequential analysis adjustment of random error risk due to repetitive testing of accumulating data in apparently conclusive neonatal meta-analyses. International Journal of Epidemiology 2009;38(1):287-98. [PUBMED: 18824466]
-
-
-
-
11
-
-
84973587732
-
-
Cohen 1960 Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1960;20:37-46.
-
Cohen 1960 Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1960;20:37-46.
-
-
-
-
12
-
-
29144453326
-
-
DCCT/EDIC 2005 Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, Genuth SM, Lachin JM, Orchard TJ, et al.Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2005;353(25):2643-53. [PUBMED: 16371630]
-
DCCT/EDIC 2005 Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, Genuth SM, Lachin JM, Orchard TJ, et al.Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2005;353(25):2643-53. [PUBMED: 16371630]
-
-
-
-
13
-
-
0032945299
-
-
de Marco 1999 de Marco R, Locatelli F, Zoppini G, Verlato G, Bonora E, Muggeo M. Cause-specific mortality in type 2 diabetes. The Verona Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 1999;22(5):756-61. [PUBMED: 10332677]
-
de Marco 1999 de Marco R, Locatelli F, Zoppini G, Verlato G, Bonora E, Muggeo M. Cause-specific mortality in type 2 diabetes. The Verona Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 1999;22(5):756-61. [PUBMED: 10332677]
-
-
-
-
14
-
-
0023280282
-
DeMets DL. Methods for combining randomized clinical trials: Strengths and limitations
-
DeMets
-
DeMets 1987 DeMets DL. Methods for combining randomized clinical trials: strengths and limitations. Statistics in Medicine 1987;6(3):341-50.
-
(1987)
Statistics in Medicine
, vol.6
, Issue.3
, pp. 341-350
-
-
-
15
-
-
0022992740
-
DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials
-
DerSimonian
-
DerSimonian 1986 DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trials 1986;7(3):177-88.
-
(1986)
Controlled Clinical Trials
, vol.7
, Issue.3
, pp. 177-188
-
-
-
16
-
-
18844418265
-
-
Gamble 2005 Gamble C, Hollis S. Uncertainty method improved on best-worst case analysis in a binary meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2005;58(6):579-88. [PUBMED: 15878471]
-
Gamble 2005 Gamble C, Hollis S. Uncertainty method improved on best-worst case analysis in a binary meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2005;58(6):579-88. [PUBMED: 15878471]
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
33644931936
-
-
Gluud 2006 Gluud LL. Bias in clinical intervention research. American Journal of Epidemiology 2006;163(6):493-501. [PUBMED: 16443796]
-
Gluud 2006 Gluud LL. Bias in clinical intervention research. American Journal of Epidemiology 2006;163(6):493-501. [PUBMED: 16443796]
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
16644372491
-
-
Goudswaard 2004 Goudswaard AN, Furlong NJ, Rutten GE, Stolk RP, Valk GD. Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD003418.pub2.]
-
Goudswaard 2004 Goudswaard AN, Furlong NJ, Rutten GE, Stolk RP, Valk GD. Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD003418.pub2.]
-
-
-
-
20
-
-
0033546995
-
-
Hollis 1999 Hollis S, Campbell F. What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. BMJ 1999;319 (7211):670-4. [PUBMED: 10480822]
-
Hollis 1999 Hollis S, Campbell F. What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. BMJ 1999;319 (7211):670-4. [PUBMED: 10480822]
-
-
-
-
21
-
-
57649234120
-
-
Holst 2009 Holst JJ, Vilsboll T, Deacon CF. The incretin system and its role in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2009;297(1-2):127-36. [PUBMED: 18786605]
-
Holst 2009 Holst JJ, Vilsboll T, Deacon CF. The incretin system and its role in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2009;297(1-2):127-36. [PUBMED: 18786605]
-
-
-
-
22
-
-
77950283292
-
-
Horvath 2007 Horvath Karl, Jeitler Klaus, Berghold Andrea, Ebrahim Susanne H, Gratzer Thomas W, Plank Johannes, et al.Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005613.pub3]
-
Horvath 2007 Horvath Karl, Jeitler Klaus, Berghold Andrea, Ebrahim Susanne H, Gratzer Thomas W, Plank Johannes, et al.Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005613.pub3]
-
-
-
-
24
-
-
33744828023
-
Global Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes: Recommendations for standard, comprehensive, and minimal care
-
PUBMED: 16759299] IDF 2006 International Diabetes Federation
-
IDF 2006 International Diabetes Federation. Global Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes: recommendations for standard, comprehensive, and minimal care. Diabetic Medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association 2006;23(6):579-93. [PUBMED: 16759299]
-
(2006)
Diabetic Medicine : A journal of the British Diabetic Association
, vol.23
, Issue.6
, pp. 579-593
-
-
-
25
-
-
0038279359
-
-
Johnson 2002 Johnson JA, Majumdar SR, Simpson SH, Toth EL. Decreased mortality associated with the use of metformin compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002; 25(12):2244-8. [PUBMED: 12453968]
-
Johnson 2002 Johnson JA, Majumdar SR, Simpson SH, Toth EL. Decreased mortality associated with the use of metformin compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002; 25(12):2244-8. [PUBMED: 12453968]
-
-
-
-
26
-
-
34447117471
-
-
Kahler 2007 Kahler KH, Rajan M, Rhoads GG, Safford MM, Demissie K, Lu SE, et al.Impact of oral antihyperglycemic therapy on all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes in the Veterans Health Administration. Diabetes Care 2007;30(7):1689-93. [PUBMED: 17440170]
-
Kahler 2007 Kahler KH, Rajan M, Rhoads GG, Safford MM, Demissie K, Lu SE, et al.Impact of oral antihyperglycemic therapy on all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes in the Veterans Health Administration. Diabetes Care 2007;30(7):1689-93. [PUBMED: 17440170]
-
-
-
-
27
-
-
61949136504
-
-
Keus 2009 Keus F, Wetterslev J, Gluud C, Gooszen HG, van Laarhoven CJ. Robustness assessments are needed to reduce bias in meta-analyses that include zero-event randomized trials. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 2009;104(3):546-51. [PUBMED: 19262513]
-
Keus 2009 Keus F, Wetterslev J, Gluud C, Gooszen HG, van Laarhoven CJ. Robustness assessments are needed to reduce bias in meta-analyses that include zero-event randomized trials. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 2009;104(3):546-51. [PUBMED: 19262513]
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
0031752685
-
-
King 1998 King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care 1998;21(9):1414-31. [PUBMED: 9727886]
-
King 1998 King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care 1998;21(9):1414-31. [PUBMED: 9727886]
-
-
-
-
29
-
-
0035808035
-
-
Kjaergard 2001 Kjaergard LL, Villumsen J, Gluud C. Reported methodological quality and discrepancies between small and large randomized trials in meta-analyses. Annals of Internal Medicine 2001;135(11): 982-9.
-
Kjaergard 2001 Kjaergard LL, Villumsen J, Gluud C. Reported methodological quality and discrepancies between small and large randomized trials in meta-analyses. Annals of Internal Medicine 2001;135(11): 982-9.
-
-
-
-
30
-
-
63849328978
-
-
Kooy 2009 Kooy A, de Jager J, Lehert P, Bets D, Wulffele MG, Donker AJ, et al.Long-term effects of metformin on metabolism and microvascular and macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Archives of Internal Medicine 2009;169(6): 616-25. [PUBMED: 19307526]
-
Kooy 2009 Kooy A, de Jager J, Lehert P, Bets D, Wulffele MG, Donker AJ, et al.Long-term effects of metformin on metabolism and microvascular and macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Archives of Internal Medicine 2009;169(6): 616-25. [PUBMED: 19307526]
-
-
-
-
31
-
-
70449529019
-
-
Lan 1983 Lan KKG, DeMets DL. Discrete sequential boundaries for clinical trials. Biometrika 1983;70:659-63.
-
Lan 1983 Lan KKG, DeMets DL. Discrete sequential boundaries for clinical trials. Biometrika 1983;70:659-63.
-
-
-
-
32
-
-
0037191135
-
LeRoith D. Beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: Role of metabolic and genetic abnormalities
-
PUBMED: 12431757] LeRoith
-
LeRoith 2002 LeRoith D. Beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: role of metabolic and genetic abnormalities. The American Journal of Medicine 2002;113 Suppl 6A:3S-11S. [PUBMED: 12431757]
-
(2002)
The American Journal of Medicine
, vol.113
, Issue.SUPPL. 6A
-
-
-
33
-
-
68049137869
-
-
Liberati 2009 Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al.The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration. PLoS Med 1999;6(7): 1-28. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100]
-
Liberati 2009 Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al.The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration. PLoS Med 1999;6(7): 1-28. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100]
-
-
-
-
34
-
-
68349130799
-
-
Mannucci 2009 Mannucci E, Monami M, Lamanna C, Gori F, Marchionni N. Prevention of cardiovascular disease through glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2009; [Epub ahead of print]:-. [PUBMED: 19427768]
-
Mannucci 2009 Mannucci E, Monami M, Lamanna C, Gori F, Marchionni N. Prevention of cardiovascular disease through glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2009; [Epub ahead of print]:-. [PUBMED: 19427768]
-
-
-
-
35
-
-
0032558314
-
-
Moher 1998 Moher D, Pham B, Jones A, Cook DJ, Jadad AR, Moher M, et al.Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses?. Lancet 1998;352: 609-13.
-
Moher 1998 Moher D, Pham B, Jones A, Cook DJ, Jadad AR, Moher M, et al.Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses?. Lancet 1998;352: 609-13.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
13444283628
-
-
Muis 2005 Muis MJ, Bots ML, Grobbee DE, Stolk RP. Insulin treatment and cardiovascular disease; friend or foe? A point of view. Diabetic Medicine 2005;22(2):118-26. [PUBMED: 15660727]
-
Muis 2005 Muis MJ, Bots ML, Grobbee DE, Stolk RP. Insulin treatment and cardiovascular disease; friend or foe? A point of view. Diabetic Medicine 2005;22(2):118-26. [PUBMED: 15660727]
-
-
-
-
37
-
-
57349160286
-
-
Nathan 2009 Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, Sherwin R, et al.Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy : A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2009;52(1):17- 30. [PUBMED: 18941734]
-
Nathan 2009 Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, Sherwin R, et al.Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy : A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2009;52(1):17- 30. [PUBMED: 18941734]
-
-
-
-
38
-
-
0018602014
-
Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance
-
NDDG 1979 National Diabetes Data Group
-
NDDG 1979 National Diabetes Data Group. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes 1979;28:1039-57.
-
(1979)
Diabetes
, vol.28
, pp. 1039-1057
-
-
-
39
-
-
0029147687
-
-
Ohkubo 1995 Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, Miyata T, Isami S, Motoyoshi S, et al.Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1995;28(2):103-17. [PUBMED: 7587918]
-
Ohkubo 1995 Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, Miyata T, Isami S, Motoyoshi S, et al.Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1995;28(2):103-17. [PUBMED: 7587918]
-
-
-
-
40
-
-
0030703712
-
-
Pogue 1997 Pogue JM, Yusuf S. Cumulating evidence from randomized trials: utilizing sequential monitoring boundaries for cumulative meta-analysis. Controlled Clinical Trials 1997;18(6):580-93; discussion 661-6. [PUBMED: 9408720]
-
Pogue 1997 Pogue JM, Yusuf S. Cumulating evidence from randomized trials: utilizing sequential monitoring boundaries for cumulative meta-analysis. Controlled Clinical Trials 1997;18(6):580-93; discussion 661-6. [PUBMED: 9408720]
-
-
-
-
41
-
-
0032477501
-
-
Pogue 1998 Pogue J, Yusuf S. Overcoming the limitations of current meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 1998;351(9095): 47-52. [PUBMED: 9433436]
-
Pogue 1998 Pogue J, Yusuf S. Overcoming the limitations of current meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 1998;351(9095): 47-52. [PUBMED: 9433436]
-
-
-
-
42
-
-
26244453309
-
-
PROactive 2005 Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJ, Erdmann E, Massi-Benedetti M, Moules IK, et al.Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macro Vascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366(9493):1279-89. [PUBMED: 16214598]
-
PROactive 2005 Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJ, Erdmann E, Massi-Benedetti M, Moules IK, et al.Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macro Vascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366(9493):1279-89. [PUBMED: 16214598]
-
-
-
-
43
-
-
49649098865
-
-
Rao 2008 Rao AD, Kuhadiya N, Reynolds K, Fonseca VA. Is the combination of sulfonylureas and metformin associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease or all-cause mortality?: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Diabetes Care 2008;31(8):1672-8. [PUBMED: 18458139]
-
Rao 2008 Rao AD, Kuhadiya N, Reynolds K, Fonseca VA. Is the combination of sulfonylureas and metformin associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease or all-cause mortality?: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Diabetes Care 2008;31(8):1672-8. [PUBMED: 18458139]
-
-
-
-
44
-
-
65649106228
-
-
Ray 2009 Ray KK, Seshasai SR, Wijesuriya S, Sivakumaran R, Nethercott S, Preiss D, et al.Effect of intensive control of glucose on cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2009;373(9677):1765-72. [PUBMED: 19465231]
-
Ray 2009 Ray KK, Seshasai SR, Wijesuriya S, Sivakumaran R, Nethercott S, Preiss D, et al.Effect of intensive control of glucose on cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2009;373(9677):1765-72. [PUBMED: 19465231]
-
-
-
-
45
-
-
34548330055
-
-
Richter 2006 Richter Bernd, Bandeira-Echtler Elizabeth, Bergerhoff Karla, Clar Christine, Ebrahim Susanne H. Pioglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006060.pub2]
-
Richter 2006 Richter Bernd, Bandeira-Echtler Elizabeth, Bergerhoff Karla, Clar Christine, Ebrahim Susanne H. Pioglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006060.pub2]
-
-
-
-
46
-
-
37649032370
-
-
Richter 2007 Richter Bernd, Bandeira-Echtler Elizabeth, Bergerhoff Karla, Clar Christine, Ebrahim Susanne H. Rosiglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006063.pub2]
-
Richter 2007 Richter Bernd, Bandeira-Echtler Elizabeth, Bergerhoff Karla, Clar Christine, Ebrahim Susanne H. Rosiglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006063.pub2]
-
-
-
-
47
-
-
32944456100
-
-
Saenz 2005 Saenz Antonio, Fernandez-Esteban Inmaculada, Mataix Angel, Ausejo Segura Monica, Roqué i Figuls Marta, Moher David. Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002966.pub3]
-
Saenz 2005 Saenz Antonio, Fernandez-Esteban Inmaculada, Mataix Angel, Ausejo Segura Monica, Roqué i Figuls Marta, Moher David. Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002966.pub3]
-
-
-
-
48
-
-
85047692188
-
-
Schulz 1995 Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273 (5):408-12.
-
Schulz 1995 Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273 (5):408-12.
-
-
-
-
49
-
-
80155183665
-
-
Snaith 2007 Snaith Alisa, McIntyre Linda, Rothnie Helen M, Thomas Sian, Royle Pamela, Waugh Norman. Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006423]
-
Snaith 2007 Snaith Alisa, McIntyre Linda, Rothnie Helen M, Thomas Sian, Royle Pamela, Waugh Norman. Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006423]
-
-
-
-
50
-
-
0027406191
-
-
Stamler 1993 Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-yr cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 1993;16 (2):434-44. [PUBMED: 8432214]
-
Stamler 1993 Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-yr cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 1993;16 (2):434-44. [PUBMED: 8432214]
-
-
-
-
51
-
-
33745661675
-
-
Stettler 2006 Stettler C, Allemann S, Juni P, Cull CA, Holman RR, Egger M, et al.Glycemic control and macrovascular disease in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of randomized trials. American Heart Journal 2006;152(1):27-38. [PUBMED: 16824829]
-
Stettler 2006 Stettler C, Allemann S, Juni P, Cull CA, Holman RR, Egger M, et al.Glycemic control and macrovascular disease in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of randomized trials. American Heart Journal 2006;152(1):27-38. [PUBMED: 16824829]
-
-
-
-
52
-
-
0036045435
-
-
Sutton 2002 Sutton AJ, Cooper N, Lambert P, Jones DR, Abrams KR, Sweeting M. Meta-analysis of rare and adverse event data. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 2002;2:367-379.
-
Sutton 2002 Sutton AJ, Cooper N, Lambert P, Jones DR, Abrams KR, Sweeting M. Meta-analysis of rare and adverse event data. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 2002;2:367-379.
-
-
-
-
53
-
-
2342661718
-
-
Sweeting 2004 Sweeting MJ, Sutton AJ, Lambert PC. What to add to nothing? Use and avoidance of continuity corrections in meta-analysis of sparse data. Statistics in Medicine 2004;23(9):1351-75. [PUBMED: 15116347]
-
Sweeting 2004 Sweeting MJ, Sutton AJ, Lambert PC. What to add to nothing? Use and avoidance of continuity corrections in meta-analysis of sparse data. Statistics in Medicine 2004;23(9):1351-75. [PUBMED: 15116347]
-
-
-
-
54
-
-
60149107494
-
-
Thorlund 2009 Thorlund K, Devereaux PJ, Wetterslev J, Guyatt G, Ioannidis JP, Thabane L, et al.Can trial sequential monitoring boundaries reduce spurious inferences from meta-analyses?. International Journal of Epidemiology 2009;38(1):276-86. [PUBMED: 18824467]
-
Thorlund 2009 Thorlund K, Devereaux PJ, Wetterslev J, Guyatt G, Ioannidis JP, Thabane L, et al.Can trial sequential monitoring boundaries reduce spurious inferences from meta-analyses?. International Journal of Epidemiology 2009;38(1):276-86. [PUBMED: 18824467]
-
-
-
-
55
-
-
0032511583
-
Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group
-
PUBMED: 9742976] UKPDS-33 1998 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group
-
UKPDS-33 1998 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet 1998;352(9131):837-53. [PUBMED: 9742976]
-
(1998)
Lancet
, vol.352
, Issue.9131
, pp. 837-853
-
-
-
56
-
-
0032511566
-
Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group
-
PUBMED: 9742977] UKPDS-34 1998 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group
-
UKPDS-34 1998 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet 1998;352 (9131):854-65. [PUBMED: 9742977]
-
(1998)
Lancet
, vol.352
, Issue.9131
, pp. 854-865
-
-
-
57
-
-
0034641568
-
-
UKPDS-35 2000 Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al.Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2000; 321(7258):405-12. [PUBMED: 10938048]
-
UKPDS-35 2000 Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al.Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2000; 321(7258):405-12. [PUBMED: 10938048]
-
-
-
-
58
-
-
53749096863
-
-
UKPDS-80 2008 Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008;359(15):1577-89.
-
UKPDS-80 2008 Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008;359(15):1577-89.
-
-
-
-
59
-
-
58149389215
-
-
VADT 2009 Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, Reda D, Emanuele N, Reaven PD, et al.Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2009; 360(2):129-39. [PUBMED: 19092145]
-
VADT 2009 Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, Reda D, Emanuele N, Reaven PD, et al.Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2009; 360(2):129-39. [PUBMED: 19092145]
-
-
-
-
60
-
-
21844442157
-
-
Van de Laar 2005 Van de Laar FA, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, Van de Lisdonk EH, Rutten GE, Van Weel C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003639.pub2]
-
Van de Laar 2005 Van de Laar FA, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, Van de Lisdonk EH, Rutten GE, Van Weel C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003639.pub2]
-
-
-
-
61
-
-
34249869806
-
-
Vilsboll 2007 Vilsboll T, Zdravkovic M, Le-Thi T, Krarup T, Schmitz O, Courreges JP, et al.Liraglutide, a long-acting human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, given as monotherapy significantly improves glycemic control and lowers body weight without risk of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(6):1608-10. [PUBMED: 17372153]
-
Vilsboll 2007 Vilsboll T, Zdravkovic M, Le-Thi T, Krarup T, Schmitz O, Courreges JP, et al.Liraglutide, a long-acting human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, given as monotherapy significantly improves glycemic control and lowers body weight without risk of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(6):1608-10. [PUBMED: 17372153]
-
-
-
-
62
-
-
37049035730
-
-
Wetterslev 2008 Wetterslev J, Thorlund K, Brok J, Gluud C. Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2008;61(1):64-75. [PUBMED: 18083463]
-
Wetterslev 2008 Wetterslev J, Thorlund K, Brok J, Gluud C. Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2008;61(1):64-75. [PUBMED: 18083463]
-
-
-
-
63
-
-
0004058608
-
Second report
-
WHO 1980 WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus, World Health Organisation
-
WHO 1980 WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second report. Technical Report Series 646. World Health Organisation, 1980.
-
(1980)
Technical Report Series
, vol.646
-
-
-
64
-
-
0003512785
-
Diabetes Mellitus
-
WHO 1985 World Health Organisation, Technical Report Series, World Health Organisation
-
WHO 1985 World Health Organisation. Diabetes Mellitus: Report of a WHO Study Group.. Technical Report Series 727. World Health Organisation, 1985.
-
(1985)
Report of a WHO Study Group
, vol.727
-
-
-
65
-
-
0031851293
-
Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation
-
PUBMED: 9686693] WHO
-
WHO 1998 Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabetic Medicine 1998;15(7):539-53. [PUBMED: 9686693]
-
(1998)
Diabetic Medicine
, vol.15
, Issue.7
, pp. 539-553
-
-
-
66
-
-
40949113623
-
-
Wood 2008 Wood L, Egger M, Gluud LL, Schulz KF, Jüni P, Altman GD, et al.Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: metaepidemiological study. BMJ 2008;336:601-5.
-
Wood 2008 Wood L, Egger M, Gluud LL, Schulz KF, Jüni P, Altman GD, et al.Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: metaepidemiological study. BMJ 2008;336:601-5.
-
-
-
|