Ethics of feeding: The omnivore dilemma

Animal Welfare

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 37-44

  Kasanen, I H E ^a   Sorensen D B ^b   Forkman, B ^b   Sandoe P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Ad libitum; Animal welfare; Dietary restriction; Ethics; Rat; Sow

Indexed keywords

AD LIBITUM FEEDING; AGGRESSION; AGRICULTURAL WORKER; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANIMAL WELFARE; DIET RESTRICTION; ETHICS; FARM ANIMAL; FEEDING; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; FOWL; FRUSTRATION; HEALTH; HUNGER; LIFESPAN; LONGEVITY; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; OMNIVORE; POULTRY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RAT; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; REVIEW; SWINE; TECHNIQUE; WORKING ANIMAL;

ANIMALIA; RATTUS; RATTUS NORVEGICUS; SUIDAE;

EID: 77949421724     PISSN: 09627286     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Adams DB, Cowan CW, Marshall ME and Stark J 1994 Competitive and territorial fighting: Two types of offense in the rats. Physiology & Behavior 55: 247-254
2. Appleby MC and Lawrence AB 1987 Food restriction as a cause of stereotypic behaviour in tethered gilts. Animal Production 45: 103-110
3. Balcombe JP 2006a Laboratory environments and rodents' behavioural needs: a review. Laboratory Animals 40: 217-235
4. Balcombe JP 2006b Pleasurable Kingdom, First Edition. Macmillan: New York, USA
5. Barnett SA 1951 Feeding, social behaviour and interspecific competition in wild rats. Behaviour 3: 229-243
6. Barnett SA 1963 The Rat: A Study in Behaviour, First Edition. Aldine Publishing Company: Chicago, USA
7. Berridge KC 2007 The debate over dopamine's role in reward: the case for incentive salience. Psychopharmacology 191(3): 391-431
8. Bessei W 2006 Welfare of broilers: a review. Worlds Poultry Science Journal 62(3): 455-466
9. Bradshaw JW 2006 The evolutionary basis for the feeding behavior of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and cats (Felis catus). The Journal of Nutrition 136(7): 1927S-1931S
10. Brenes JC, Rodríguez O and Fornaguera J 2008 Differential effect of environment enrichment and social isolation on depressive-like behavior, spontaneous activity and serotonin and norepinephrine concentration in prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 89(1): 85-93
11. Brillard JP 2001 Future strategies for broiler breeders: an international perspective. Worlds Poultry Science Journal 57(3): 243-250
12. Buckner LJ, Edwards SA and Bruce JM 1998 Behaviour and shelter use by outdoor sows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 57(1-2): 69-80
13. Calhoun JB 1962 The Ecology and Sociology of the Norway Rat, First Edition. Public Health Services: Bethesda, Maryland, USA
14. Carney EW, Zablotny CL, Marty MS, Crissman JW, Anderson P, Woolhiser M and Holsapple M 2004 The Effects of feed restriction during in utero and postnatal development in rats. Toxicological Sciences 82(1): 237-249
15. Chen H, Luo L, Liu J, Brown T and Zirkin BR 2005 Aging and caloric restriction: effects on Leydig cell steroidogenesis. Experimental Gerontology 40(6): 498-505
16. Colliard L, Paragon BM, Lemuet B, Benet JJ and Blanchard G 2009 Prevalence and risk factors of obesity in an urban population of healthy cats. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 11(2): 135-140
17. Danbury TC, Weeks CA, Chambers JP, Waterman-Pearson AE and Kestin SC 2000 Self-selection of the analgesic drug carprofen by lame broiler chickens. Veterinary Record 146 (11): 307-311
18. Dawkins MS 1989 Time budgets in red junglefowl as a baseline for the assessment of welfare in domestic-Fowl. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 24(1): 77-80
19. de Jong IC and Jones B 2006 Feed restriction and welfare in domestic birds. In: Bels V (ed) Feeding in Domestic Vertebrates. From Structure to Behaviour, First Edition pp 120-135. CABI: Cambridge, UK
20. de Jonge FH, Tilly S, Baars AM and Spruijt BM 2008 On the rewarding nature of appetitive feeding behaviour in pigs (Sus scrofa): Do domesticated pigs contrafreeload? Applied Animal Behaviour Science 114( 3-4): 359-372
21. de la Fuente-Fernandez R, Phillips AG, Zamburlini M, Sossi V, Calne DB, Ruth TJ and Stoessl AJ 2002 Dopamine release in human ventral striatum and expectation of reward. Behavioural Brain Research 136(2): 359-363
22. De Leeuw JA and Ekkel ED 2004 Effects of feeding level and the presence of a foraging substrate on the behaviour and stress physiological response of individually housed gilts. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 86(1-2): 15-25
23. Decuypere E, Hocking PM, Tona K, Onagbesan O, Bruggeman V, Jones EKM, Cassy S, Rideau N, Metayer S, Jego Y, Putterflam J, Tesseraud S, Collin A, Duclos M, Trevidy JJ and Williams J 2006 Broiler breeder paradox: a project report. Worlds Poultry Science Journal 62(3): 443-453
24. Deeb N, Shlosberg A and Cahaner A 2002 Genotype-byenvironment interaction with broiler genotypes differing in growth rate 4. Association between responses to heat stress and to cold-induced ascites. Poultry Science 81(10): 1454-1462
25. Dudink S, Simonse H, Marks I, de Jonge FH and Spruijt BM 2006 Announcing the arrival of enrichment increases play behaviour and reduces weaning-stress-induced behaviours of piglets directly after weaning. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 101(1-2): 86-101
26. Duffy PH, Seng JE, Lewis SM, Mayhugh MA, Aidoo A, Hattan DG, Casciano DA and Feuers RJ 2001 The effects of different levels of dietary restriction on aging and survival in the Sprague-Dawley rat: implications for chronic studies. Aging (Milan, Italy) 13(4): 263-272
27. Duffy PH, Lewis SM, Mayhugh MA, Trotter RW, Latendresse JR, Thorn BT and Feuers RJ 2004a The effects of different levels of dietary restriction on neoplastic pathology in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 16(6): 448-456
28. Duffy PH, Lewis SM, Mayhugh MA, Trotter RW, Thorn BT, Feuers RJ and Turturro A 2004b The effects of different levels of dietary restriction on non-neoplastic diseases in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 16(1): 68-78
29. EC 2001 2001/93/EU 1993, Commission Directive 2001/93/EC of 9 November 2001 amending Directive 91/630/EEC laying down minimum standards for the protection of pigs. Brussels, Belgium
30. EC 2007 ETS No 123 Appendix A of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123) Guidelines for accommodation and care of animals. Strasbourg, France. http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/EN/Treaties/Html/123-A.htm
31. Forkman B 1996 The foraging behaviour of Mongolian gerbils: A behavioural need or a need to know? Behaviour 133: 129-143
32. Fraser D 1997 Science in a value-laden world: keeping our thinking straight. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 54(1): 29-32
33. Hocking PM, Bernard R and Robertson GW 2002 Effects of low dietary protein and different allocations of food during rearing and restricted feeding after peak rate of lay on egg production, fertility and hatchability in female broiler breeders. British Poultry Science 43(1): 94-103
34. Hubert M, Laroque P, Gillet J and Keenan KP 2000 The effects of diet, ad libitum feeding, and moderate and severe dietary restriction on body weight, survival, clinical pathology parameters, and cause of death in control Sprague-Dawley Rats. Toxicological Sciences 58(1): 195-207
35. Inglis IR, Forkman B and Lazarus J 1997 Free food or earned food? A review and fuzzy model of contrafreeloading. Animal Behaviour 53(6): 1171-1191
36. Inglis IR, Langton S, Forkman B and Lazarus J 2001 An information primacy model of exploratory and foraging behaviour. Animal Behaviour 62: 543-557
37. Julian, RJ, Friars GW, French H and Quinton M 1987 The relationship of right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular failure, and ascites to weight-gain in broiler and roaster chickens. Avian Diseases 31(1): 130-135
38. Kasanen IH, Inhila KJ, Nevalainen JI, Vaisanen SB, Mertanen AM, Mering SM and Nevalainen TO 2009a A novel dietary restriction method for group-housed rats: weight gain and clinical chemistry characterization. Laboratory Animals 43(2): 138-148
39. Kasanen IH, Inhila KJ, Vainio OM, Kiviniemi VV, Hau J, Scheinin M, Mering SM and Nevalainen TO 2009b The diet board: welfare impacts of a novel method of dietary restriction in laboratory rats. Laboratory Animals 43: 215-223
40. Keenan KP and Soper KA 1995 The effects of ad libitum overfeeding and moderate dietary restriction on Sprague-Dawley rat survival, spontaneous carcinogenesis, chronic disease, and the toxicologic response to pharmaceuticals. In: Hart RW, Neumann DA and Robertson RT (eds) Dietary Restriction: Implications for the Design and Interpretation of Toxicity and Carcinogenicity Studies, First Edition pp 99-126. ILSI Press: Washington DC, USA
41. Keenan KP, Laroque P, Ballam GC, Soper KA, Dixit R, Mattson BA, Adams SP and Coleman JB 1996 The effects of diet, ad libitum overfeeding, and moderate dietary restriction on the rodent bioassay: the uncontrolled variable in safety assessment. Toxicologic Pathology 24(6): 757-768
42. Keenan KP, Laroque P and Dixit R 1998 Need for dietary control by caloric restriction in rodent toxicology and carcinogenicity studies. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews 1(2): 135-148
43. Kemppinen N, Meller A, Mauranen K, Kohila T and Nevalainen T 2008 Work for food, a solution to restricting food intake in group housed rats? Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Science 35(2): 81-90
44. Krohn TC, Sørensen DB, Ottesen JL and Hansen AK 2006 The effects of individual housing on mice and rats: a review. Animal Welfare 15: 343-352
45. Leakey JEA, Seng JE and Allaben WT 2003a Body weight considerations in the B6C3F1 mouse and the use of dietary control to standardize background tumor incidence in chronic bioassays. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 193: 237-265
46. Leakey JEA, Seng JE, Latendresse JR, Hussain N, Allen LJ and Allaben WT 2003b Dietary controlled carcinogenicity study of chloral hydrate in male B6C3F1 mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 193: 266-280
47. Leyhausen P 1979 Cat Behaviour. The Predatory and Social Behavior of Domestic and Wild Cats, First Edition. Garland Press: New York, USA
48. Lund RM, Armstrong PJ, Kirk CA and Klausner JS 2006 Prevalence and risk factors for obesity in adult dogs from private US veterinary practices. International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine 4: 177-186
49. Martin, B, Pearson M, Kebejian L, Golden E, Keselman A, Bender M, Carlson O, Egan J, Ladenheim B, Cadet JL, Becker KG, Wood W, Duffy K, Vinayakumar P, Maudsley S and Mattson MP 2007 Sex-dependent metabolic, neuroendocrine, and cognitive responses to dietary energy restriction and excess. Endocrinology 148: 4318-4333
50. Mason GJ, Cooper J and Clarebrough C 2001 Frustrations of fur-farmed mink. Nature 410: 35-36
51. Masoro EJ 2006 Dietary restriction-induced life extension: a broadly based biological phenomenon. Biogerontology 7: 153-155
52. Mench JA 2002 Broiler breeders: feed restriction and welfare. Worlds Poultry Science Journal 58: 23-29
53. Meunier-Salaun MC, Edwards SA and Robert S 2001 Effect of dietary fibre on the behaviour and health of the restricted fed sow. Animal Feed Science and Technology 90: 53-69.
54. Nelson JF, Karelus K, Bergman MD and Felicio LS 1995 Neuroendocrine involvement in aging: evidence from studies of reproductive aging and caloric restriction. Neurobiology of Aging 16: 837-856
55. Nielsen BL, Thodberg K, Dybkjaer L and Vestergaard EM 2006 Feeding behaviour of pigs. In: Bels V (ed) Feeding in Domestic Vertebrates. From Structure to Behaviour, First Edition pp 156-178. CABI: Cambridge, UK,
56. O'Doherty JP, Deichmann R, Critchley HD and Dolan RJ 2002 Neural responses during anticipation of a primary taste reward. Neuron 33: 815-826
57. Pahlavani MA and Vargas DA 2001 Aging but not dietary restriction alters the activation-induced apoptosis in rat T cells. FEBS Letters 491: 114-118
58. Perello M, Chacon F, Cardinali DP, Esquifino AI and Spinedi E 2006 Effect of social isolation on 24-h pattern of stress hormones and leptin in rats. Life Sciences 78: 1857-1862
59. Petherick JC and Blackshaw JK 1987 A review of the factors influencing the aggressive and agonistic behavior of the domestic pig. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27: 605-611
60. Pugh TD, Klopp RG and Weindruch R 1999 Controlling caloric consumption: protocols for rodents and rhesus monkeys. Neurobiology of Aging 20: 157-165
61. Rasmussen DK, Weber R and Wechsler B 2006 Effects of animal/feeding-place ratio on the behaviour and performance of fattening pigs fed via sensor-controlled liquid feeding. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 98: 45-53
62. Raun K, von Voss P and Knudsen LB 2007 Liraglutide, a once-daily human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, minimizes food intake in severely obese minipigs. Obesity 15: 1710-1716
63. Redbo S and Nordblad A 1997 Stereotypies in heifers are affected by feeding regime. Applied Animal Behavioural Science 53: 193-204
64. Rehm S, White TE, Zahalka EA, Stanislaus DJ, Boyce RW and Wier PJ 2008 Effects of food restriction on testis and accessory sex glands in maturing rats. Toxicologic Pathology 36: 687-694
65. Robert S, Rushen J and Farmer C 1997 Both energy content and bulk of food affect stereotypic behaviour, heart rate and feeding motivation of female pigs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 54: 161-171
66. Russell WMS and Burch RL 1959 The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, First Edition. Methuen: London, UK
67. Rutten M, Leterrier C, Constantin P, Reiter K and Bessei W 2002 Bone development and activity in chickens in response to reduced weight-load on legs. Animal Research 51: 327-336
68. Sandilands V, Tolkamp BJ, Savory CJ and Kyriazakis I 2006 Behaviour and welfare of broiler breeders fed qualitatively restricted diets during rearing: are there viable alternatives to quantitative restriction? Applied Animal Behaviour Science 96: 53-67
69. Sandøe P and Christiansen S 2008 Ethics of Animal Use. Blackwell Publishing: Oxford, UK
70. Selesniemi K, Lee HJ and Tilly JL 2008 Moderate caloric restriction initiated in rodents during adulthood sustains function of the female reproductive axis into advanced chronological age. Aging Cell 5: 622-629
71. Serra M, Pisu MG, Floris I and Biggio G 2005 Social isolation-induced changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the rat. Stress 8: 259-264
72. Sharov AA, Falco G, Piao Y, Poosala S, Becker KG, Zonderman AB, Longo DL, Schlessinger D and Ko MS 2008 Effects of aging and calorie restriction on the global gene expression profiles of mouse testis and ovary. BMC Biology 6: 24
73. Sherwin CM 2007 The motivation of group-housed laboratory mice to leave an enriched laboratory cage. Animal Behaviour 73: 29-35
74. Spruijt BM, van den Bos R and Pijlman FTA 2001 A concept of welfare based on reward evaluating mechanisms in the brain: anticipatory behaviour as an indicator for the state of reward systems. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 72: 145-171
75. Stolba A and Woodgush DGM 1989 The behavior of pigs in a semi-natural environment. Animal Production 48: 419-425
76. Thorp BH and Duff SRI 1988 Effect of exercise on the vascular pattern in the bone extremities of broiler fowl. Research in Veterinary Science 45: 72-77
77. Van Der Harst JE, Fermont PCJ, Bilstra AE and Spruijt BM 2003 Access to enriched housing is rewarding to rats as reflected by their anticipatory behaviour. Animal Behaviour 66: 493-504
78. Vitousek KM, Manke FP, Gray JA and Vitousek MN 2004 Caloric restriction for longevity: II, The systematic neglect of behavioural and psychological outcomes in animal research. European Eating Disorders Review 12: 38-360