The characteristics of the small molecule organic solar cells with PEDOT:PSS/LiF double anode buffer layer system

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Volumn 94, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 623-628

  Xi, Xi ^a   Meng, Qinglei ^a   Li, Fangxin ^a   Ding, Yuqiang ^a   Ji, Jingjia ^b,c   Shi, Zhengrong ^b,c   Li, Guohua ^a,c  

^a JIANGNAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b Suntech Power Co Ltd   (China)

^c Jiangsu Suntech Institute for Photovoltaic Technology   (China)

Author keywords

Anode buffer layer; Organic solar cells; PEDOT:PSS LiF; Stability

Indexed keywords

ANODE BUFFER LAYERS; COPPER PHTHALOCYANINE; ORGANIC SOLAR CELL; ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS; PEDOT:PSS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CHARACTERISTICS; SINGLE-ANODE; SMALL MOLECULES;

SOLAR CELLS; SWITCHING CIRCUITS; SYSTEM STABILITY;

BUFFER LAYERS;

EID: 75149174639     PISSN: 09270248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2009.12.014     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Yu G., Gao J., Hemmelen J.C., Wudl F., and Heeger A.J. Polymer photovoltaic cells: enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions. Science 270 (1995) 1789-1791
2. Brabec C.J. Organic photovoltaics: technology and market. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 83 (2004) 273-292
3. Lungenschmied C., Dennler G., Neugebauer H., Sariciftci S.N., Glatthaar M., Meyer T., and Meyer A. Flexible, long-lived, large-area, organic solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91 (2007) 379-384
4. Niggemann M., Zimmermann B., Haschke J., Glatthaar M., and Gombert A. Organic solar cell modules for specifi{ligature}c applications-from energy autonomous systems to large area photovoltaics. Thin Solid Films 516 (2008) 7181-7187
5. Krebs F.C., Spanggard H., Kjær T., Biancardo M., and Alstrup J. Large area plastic solar cell modules. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 138 (2007) 106-111
6. Jørgensen M., Hagemann O., Alstrup J., and Krebs F.C. Thermo-cleavable solvents for printing conjugated polymers: application in polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 413-421
7. Krebs F.C. Polymer solar cell modules prepared using roll-to-roll methods: knife-over-edge coating, slot-die coating and screen printing. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 465-475
8. Krebs F.C., Jørgensen M., Norrman K., Hagemann O., Alstrup J., Nielsen T.D., Fyenbo J., Larsen K., and Kristense J. A complete process for production of fl{ligature}exible large area polymer solar cells entirely using screen printing-first public demonstration. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 422-441
9. Blankenburg L., Schultheis K., Schache H., Sensfuss S., and Schrödner M. Reel-to-reel wet coating as an effi{ligature}cient up-scaling technique for the production of bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 476-483
10. Tang C.W. Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48 (1986) 183-185
11. Yang F., Shtein M., and Forrest S.R. Morphology control and material mixing by high-temperature organic vapor-phase deposition and its application to thin-film solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 98 (2005) 014906-014911
12. Xue J., Rand B.P., Uchida S., and Forrest S.R. Mixed donor-acceptor molecular heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications. II. Device performance. J. Appl. Phys. 98 (2005) 124903-124908
13. Rand B.P., Genoe J., Heremans P., and Poortmans J. Solar cells utilizing small molecular weight organic semiconductors. Prog. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl. 15 (2007) 659-676
14. Park S.H., Roy A., Beaupré S., Cho S., Coates N., Moon J.S., Moses D., Leclerc M., Lee K., and Heeger A.J. Bulk heterojunction solar cells with internal quantum efficiency approaching 100%. Nat. Photonics 3 (2009) 297-303
15. Kim J.Y., Lee K., Coates N.E., Moses D., Nguyen T., Dante M., and Heeger A.J. Efficient tandem polymer solar cells fabricated by all-solution processing. Science 317 (2007) 222-225
16. Brabec C.J., Cravino A., Meissner D., Sariciftci N.S., Fromherz T., Rispens M.T., Sanchez L., and Hummelen J.C. Origin of the open circuit voltage of plastic solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 11 (2001) 374-380
17. Mihailetchi V.D., Blom P.W.M., Hummelen J.C., and Rispens M.T. Cathode dependence of the open-circuit voltage of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 94 (2003) 6849-6854
18. Frohne H., Shaheen S.E., Brabec C.J., Müller D.C., Sariciftci N.S., and Meerholz K. Influence of the anodic work function on the performance of organic solar cells. ChemPhysChem 9 (2002) 795-799
19. Roman L.S., Berggren M., and Inganäs O. Polymer diodes with high rectification. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 (1999) 3557-3559
20. Brabec C.J., Shaheen S.E., Winder C., Sariciftci N.S., and Denk P. Effect of LiF/metal electrodes on the performance of plastic solar cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 (2002) 1288-1290
21. Alem S., Bettignies R., and Nunzi J.M. Efficient polymer-based interpenetrated network photovoltaic cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 (2004) 2178-2180
22. Kwong C.Y., Djurišiĉ A.B., Chui P.C., Lam L.S.M., and Chan W.K. Improvement of the effi{ligature}ciency of phthalocyanine organic Schottky solar cells with ITO electrode treatment. Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. 77 (2003) 555-560
23. Huang C.H., Li F.Y., and Huang W. Introduction to Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices (2005), Fudan University Publishers, Shanghai
24. Choi B., Yoon H., and Lee H.H. Surface treatment of indium tin oxide by SF6 plasma for organic light-emitting diodes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 (2000) 412-414
25. Park N.G., Kwak M.Y., Kim B.O., Kwon O.K., Kim Y.K., You B., Kim T.W., and Kim Y.S. Effects of indium-tin-oxide surface treatment on organic light-emitting diodes. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 41 (2002) 1523-1526
26. Jørgensen M., Norrman K., and Krebs F.C. Stability/degradation of polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 686-714
27. 60/Al composite anode. Org. Electron. 8 (2007) 445-449
28. Song Q.L., Li F.Y., Yang H., Wu H.R., Wang X.Z., Zhou W., Zhao J.M., Ding X.M., Huang C.H., and Hou X.Y. Small-molecule organic solar cells with improved stability. Chem. Phys. Lett. 416 (2005) 42-46
29. 60 heterojunctions. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 83 (2004) 229-245
30. de Jong M.P., Simons D.P.L., Reijme M.A., van IJzendoorn L.J., Denier van der Gon A.W., de Voigt M.J.A., Brongersma H.H., and Gymer R.W. Indium diffusion in model polymer light-emitting diodes. Synth. Met. 110 (2000) 1-6
31. de Jong M.P., van Ijzendoorn L.J., and de Voigt M.J.A. Stability of the interface between indium-tin-oxide and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) in polymer light-emitting diodes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 (2000) 2255-2257
32. Pacios R., Chatten A.J., Kawano K., Durrant J.R., Bradley D.D.C., and Nelson J. Effects of photo-oxidation on the performance of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene]:[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 16 (2006) 2117-2126
33. Kawano K., Pacios R., Poplavskyy D., Nelson J., Bradley D.D.C., and Durrant J.R. Degradation of organic solar cells due to air exposure. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 3520-3530
34. Norrman K., Gevorgyan S.A., and Krebs F.C. Water-induced degradation of polymer solar cells studied by H218O labeling. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1 (2009) 102-112
35. Krebs F.C., Gevorgyan S.A., and Alstrup J. A roll-to-roll process to fl{ligature}exible polymer solar cells: model studies, manufacture and operational stability studies. J. Mater. Chem. 19 (2009) 5442-5451
36. Norrman K., Larsen N.B., and Krebs F.C. Lifetimes of organic photovoltaics: combining chemical and physical characterisation techniques to study degradation mechanisms. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 2793-2814
37. Lira-Cantu M., Norrman K., Andreasen J.W., and Krebs F.C. Oxygen release and exchange in niobium oxide MEHPPV hybrid solar cells. Chem. Mater. 18 (2006) 5684-5690
38. Krebs F.C., and Norrman K. Analysis of the failure mechanism for a stable organic photovoltaic during 10 000 h of testing. Prog. Photovol: Res. Appl. 15 (2007) 697-712