Dietary arachidonic acid to EPA and DHA balance is increased among Canadian pregnant women with low fish intake

Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 139, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 2344-2350

  Friesen, Russell W ^a   Innis, Sheila M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FATTY ACID; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID;

ADULT; ADVERSE OUTCOME; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST; DATA BASE; EGG; ERYTHROCYTE; FAT INTAKE; FEMALE; FISH; FOOD AVAILABILITY; FOOD INTAKE; HUMAN; LOW FISH INTAKE; MEAT; NORMAL HUMAN; NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT; POULTRY; PREGNANT WOMAN; RISK;

ADULT; ANIMALS; CANADA; DIET; DIETARY FATS; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDS; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; ERYTHROCYTES; FATTY ACIDS, NONESTERIFIED; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-3; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-6; FEMALE; FISHES; GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; PATIENT SELECTION; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, SECOND; PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, THIRD; TRIGLYCERIDES;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 72249122961     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: 15416100     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.112565     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. London B, Albert C, Anderson ME, Giles WR, Van Wagoner DR, Balk E, Billman GE, Chung M, Lands W, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiac arrhythmias: prior studies and recommendations for future research: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Office of Dietary Supplements: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and their Role in Cardiac Arrhythogenesis Workshop. Circulation. 2007;116:e320-35.
2. Harris WS, Mozaffarian D, Rimm E, Kris-Etherton P, Rudel LL, Appel LJ, Engler MM, Engler MB, Sacks F. Omega-6 fatty acids and risk for cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the American Heart Association Nutrition Subcommittee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation. 2009;119: 902-907
3. Russo GL. Dietary n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: from biochemistry to clinical implications in cardiovascular prevention. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009;77:937-946
4. Lecerf JM. Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Nutr Rev. 2009;67:273-283
5. Margioris AN. Fatty acids and postprandial inflammation. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009;12:129-137
6. Hibbeln JR, Nieminen LR, Blasbalg TL, Riggs JA, Lands WE. Healthy intakes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids: estimations considering worldwide diversity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:S1483-93.
7. Johnson EJ, Schaefer EJ. Potential role of dietary n-3 fatty acids in the prevention of dementia and macular degeneration. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:S1494-8.
8. Assisi A, Banzi R, Buonocore C, Capasso F, Di Muzio V, Michelacci F, Renzo D, Tafuri G, Trotta F, et al. Fish oil and mental health: the role of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in cognitive development and neurological disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006;21:319-336 (Pubitemid 44498274)
9. Schaefer EJ, Bongard V, Beiser AS, Lamon-Fava S, Robins SJ, Au R, Tucker KL, Kyle DJ, Wilson PWF, et al. Plasma phosphatidylcholine docosahexaenoic acid content and risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease: the Framingham Heart Study. Arch Neurol. 2006;63:1545-1550 (Pubitemid 44748796)
10. Innis SM. Essential fatty acids in growth and development. Prog Lipid Res. 1991;30:39-103.
11. Hadders-Algra M, Bouwstra H, van Goor SA, Dijck-Brouwer DA, Muskiet FA. Prenatal and early postnatal fatty acid status and neurodevelopmental outcome. J Perinat Med. 2007;35:S28-34.
12. Field CJ, Clandinin MT, Van Aerde JE. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and T-cell function: implications for the neonate. Lipids. 2001;36:1025-1032 (Pubitemid 33065204)
13. Stenson WF. Prostaglandins and epithelial response to injury. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2007;23:107-110
14. Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2002
15. Hibbeln JR, Davis JM, Steer C, Emmett P, Rogers I, Williams C, Golding J. Maternal seafood consumption in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood (ALSPAC study): an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2007;369:587-685 (Pubitemid 46241443)
16. Olsen SF, Østerdal ML, Salvig JD, Kesmodel U, Henriksen TB, Hedegaard M, Secher NJ. Duration of pregnancy in relation to seafood intake during early and mid pregnancy: prospective cohort. Eur J Epidemiol. 2006;21:749-758
17. Oken E, Wright RO, Kleinman KP, Bellinger D, Amarasiriwardena CJ, Hu H, Rich-Edwards JW, Gillman MW. Maternal fish consumption, hair mercury, and infant cognition in a U.S. cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113:1376-1380 (Pubitemid 41511996)
18. Williams C, Birch EE, Emmett PM, Northstone K, Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood Study Team. Stereoacuity at age 3.5 y in children born full-term is associated with parental and postnatal dietary factors: a report from a population-based cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:316-322
19. Innis SM, Gilley J, Werker J. Are human milk long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids related to visual and neural development in breast-fed term infants? J Pediatr. 2001;139:532-538
20. Health Canada Nutrition Research Division. Canadian Nutrient File [cited 2009 Jun 30]. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/ nutrition/fiche- nutri-data/cnf-downloads-telechargement-fcen-eng.php.
21. USDA. National Nutrient Database [cited 2009 Jun 30]. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/SR18/sr18.html.
22. Okuyama H, Ichikawa Y, Sun Y, Hamazaki T, Lands WE. Omega 3 fatty acids effectively prevent coronary heart disease and other lateonset diseases: the excessive linoleic acid syndrome. World Rev Nutr Diet. 2007;96:83-103.
23. Innis SM, Friesen RW. Essential n-3 fatty acids among pregnant women and early visual acuity maturation in term infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:548-557
24. Innis SM, Elias SL. Intakes of essential n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids among pregnant Canadian women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:473-478
25. Innis SM, Hansen JW. Plasma fatty acid responses, metabolic effects, and safety of microalgal and fungal oils rich in arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;64:159-167
26. Novak EM, Dyer RA, Innis SM. High dietary omega-6 fatty acids contribute to reduced docosahexaenoic acid in the developing brain and inhibit secondary neurite growth. Brain Res. 2008;1237:136-145
27. Denomme J, Stark KD, Holub BJ. Directly quantitated dietary (n-3) fatty acid intake of pregnant Canadian women are lower than current dietary recommendations. J Nutr. 2005;135:206-211 (Pubitemid 40194479)
28. Madden SM, Garrioch CF, Holub BJ. Direct diet quantification indicates low intakes of (n-3) fatty acids in children 4 to 8 years old. J Nutr. 2009;139:528-532
29. Institute of Medicine. Seafood choices. Balancing benefits and risks. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2007
30. Breslow JL. n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:S1477-82.
31. Mente A, de Koning L, Shannon HS, Anand SS. A systematic review of the evidence supporting a causal link between dietary factors and coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:659-669
32. Miyake Y, Saski S, Tanaka K, Ohfuji S, Hirota Y. Maternal fat consumption during pregnancy and risk of wheeze and eczema in Japanese infants aged 16-24 months: The Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study. Thorax. 2009;64:815-821
33. Willett W. Lessons from dietary studies in Adventists and questions for the future. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78:S539-43.
34. Fraser GE. Vegetarian diets: what do we know of their effects on common chronic diseases? Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:S1607-12.
35. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, Travis RC, Roddam AW, Allen NE. Mortality in British vegetarians: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Oxford). Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:S1613-9.
36. Yamori Y, Liu L, Mizushima S, Ikeda K, Nara Y, CARDIAC Study Group. Male cardiovascular mortality and dietary markers in 25 population samples of 16 countries. J Hypertens. 2006;24:1499-1505 (Pubitemid 44162450)
37. Kark JD, Kaufmann NA, Binka F, Goldberger N, Berry EM. Adipose tissue n-6 fatty acids and acute myocardial infarction in a population consuming a diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:796-802.
38. Lutsey PL, Steffen LM, Stevens J. Dietary intake and the development of the metabolic syndrome. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circulation. 2008;117:754-761
39. Qi L, van Dam RM, Rexrode K, Hu FB. Heme iron from diet as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:101-106 (Pubitemid 46052506)
40. Sinha R, Cross AJ, Graubard BI, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A. Meat intake and mortality: a prospective study of over half a million people. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:562-571
41. de Mello VD, Erkkilä AT, Schwab US, Pulkkinen L, Kolehmainen M, Atalay M, Mussalo H, Lankinen M, Orešič M, et al. The effect of fatty or lean fish intake on inflammatory gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with coronary heart disease. Eur J Nutr. 2009; Epub June 9.
42. Virtanen JK, Mozaffarian D, Chiuve SE, RimmEB. Fish consumption and risk of major chronic disease in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;88:1618-1625
43. He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, Van Horn L, Dyer AR, Greenland P. Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Circulation. 2004;109:2705-2711
44. Tan JS,Wang JJ, Flood V, Mitchell P. Dietary fatty acids and the 10-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127:656-665
45. Mangat I. Do vegetarians have to eat fish for optimal cardiovascular protection? Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:S1597-601.
46. Koletzko B, Lien E, Agostoni C, Böhles H, Campoy C, Cetin I, Decsi T, Dudenhausen JW, Dupont C, et al.; World Association of Perinatal Medicine Dietary Guidelines Working Group. The roles of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation and infancy: review of current knowledge and consensus recommendations. J Perinat Med. 2008;36:5-14.
47. International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids. ISSFAL-fatty acids, lipids and health studies. PUFArecommendations. [cited 2009 Jun]. Available from: www.issfal.org.uk/pufa-recommendations.html.
48. Kris-Etherton PM, Innis S. Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: dietary fatty acids. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:1599-1611
49. Colombo J, Kannass KN, Shaddy DJ, Kundurthi S, Maikranz JM, Anderson CJ, Blagga OM, Carlson SE. Maternal DHA and the development of attention in infancy and toddlerhood. Child Dev. 2004;75:1254-1267
50. Helland IB, Smith L, Saarem K, Saugstad OD, Drevon CA. Maternal supplementation with very-long-chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation augments children's IQ at 4 years of age. Pediatrics. 2003;111:e39-44.
51. Dunstan JA, Simmer K, Dixon G, Prescott SL. Cognitive assessment at 2 1/2 years following fish oil supplementation in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2006;93:F45-50.
52. Jacobson JL, Jacobson SW, Muckle G, Kaplan-Estrin M, Ayotte P, Dewailly E. Beneficial effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid on infant development: evidence from the Inuit of arctic Quebec. J Pediatr. 2008;152:356-364 (Pubitemid 351246686)
53. Oken E, Østerdal ML, Gillman MW, Knudsen VK, Halldorsson TI, Strøm M, Bellinger DC, Hadders-Algra M, Michaelsen KF, et al. Associations of maternal fish intake during pregnancy and breastfeeding duration with attainment of developmental milestones in early childhood: a study from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;88:789-796
54. Stark KD, Beblo S, Murthy M, Buda-Abela M, Janisse J, Rockett H, Whitty JE, Martier SS, Sokol RJ, et al. Comparison of bloodstream fatty acid composition from African-American women at gestation, delivery, and postpartum. J Lipid Res. 2005;46:516-525 (Pubitemid 43109788)
55. De Vriese SR, De Henauw S, De Backer G, Dhont M, Christophe AB. Estimation of dietary fat intake of Belgian pregnant women. Comparison of two methods. Ann Nutr Metab. 2001;45:273-278
56. Helland IB, Saugstad OD, Smith L, Saarem K, Solvoll K, Ganes T, Drevon CA. Similar effects on infant n-3 and n-6 fatty acids supplementation to pregnant and lactating women. Pediatrics. 2001; 108:E82.