Influence of oxygen on semi-transparent organic solar cells with gas permeable electrodes

Organic Electronics

Volumn 10, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 1424-1428

  Seemann, Andrea ^a   Egelhaaf, H J ^a   Brabec, Christoph J ^a   Hauch, Jens A ^a  

^a Konarka Technologies GmbH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Degradation; Organic solar cells; Oxygen; Transparent electrode

Indexed keywords

BUTYRIC ACID; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; DEGRADATION; GAS PERMEABILITY; OXYGEN; SOLAR CELLS; TRANSPARENT ELECTRODES;

ACTIVE LAYER; GAS-PERMEABLE ELECTRODES; HIGH CONDUCTIVITY; INFLUENCE OF OXYGEN; POLY (3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); POLY(3 ,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE):POLY(STYRENESULFONATE); SEMI-TRANSPARENT; [6 ,6]-PHENYL-C61-BUTYRIC ACID METHYL ESTERS;

ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 71849083956     PISSN: 15661199     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2009.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Brabec C.J. Organic photovoltaics: technology and market. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 83 (2004) 273-292
2. Aernouts T., Vanlaeke P., Geens W., Poortmans J., Heremans P., Borghs S., Mertens R., Andriessen R., and Leenders L. Printable anodes for flexible organic solar cell modules. Thin Solid Films 451-452 (2004) 22-25
3. Glatthaar M., Niggemann M., Zimmermann B., Lewer P., Riede M., Hinsch A., and Luther J. Organic solar cells using inverted layer sequence. Thin Solid Films 491 (2005) 298-300
4. Tvingstedt K., and Inganäs O. Electrode grids for ITO-free organic photovoltaic devices. Adv. Mater. 19 (2007) 2893-2897
5. Huang J., Li G., and Yang Y. A semi-transparent plastic solar cell fabricated by a lamination process. Adv. Mater. 20 (2008) 415-419
6. Zhou Y., Li F., Barrau S., Tian W., Inganäs O., and Zhang F. Inverted and transparent solar cell prepared with vacuum-free processing. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 497-500
7. F.C. Krebs, S.A. Gevorgyan, J. Alstrup, A roll-to-roll process to flexible polymer solar cells: model studies, manufacture and operational stability studies. J. Mater. Chem. (2009), doi:10.1039/B823001C.
8. Jørgensen M., Norrman K., and Krebs F.C. Stability/degradation of polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 686-714
9. Gevorgyan S.A., Jørgensen M., and Krebs F.C. A setup for studying stability and degradation of polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 736-745
10. Petersen M.H., Gevorgyan S.A., and Krebs F.C. Thermocleavable low band gap polymers and solar cells therefrom with remarkable stability toward oxygen. Macromolecules 41 (2008) 8986-8994
11. Norrman K., and Krebs F.C. Lifetimes of organic photovoltaics: using TOF-SIMS and O2 isotopic labelling to characterise chemical degradation mechanisms. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 213-227
12. Norrman K., Gevorgyan S.A., and Krebs F.C. Water-induced degradation of polymer solar cells studied by H218o labeling. Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1 (2009) 102-112
13. Glatthaar M., Riede M., Keegan N., Sylvester-Hvid K., Zimmermann B., Niggemann M., Hinsch A., and Gombert A. Efficiency limiting factors of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells identified by electrical impedance spectroscopy. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91 (2007) 390-393
14. Waldauf C., Morana M., Denk P., Schilinsky P., Coakley K., Choulis S.A., and Brabec C.J. Highly efficient inverted organic photovoltaics using solution based titanium oxide as electron selective contact. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 (2006) 233517
15. Cravino A., Schilinsky P., and Brabec C.J. Characterization of organic solar cells: the importance of device layout. Adv. Funct. Mater. 17 (2007) 3906-3910
16. A. Goetzberger, B. Voß, J. Knobloch, Sonnenenergie: Photovoltaik, second ed., Teubner Verlag, 1997.
17. Cheknane A., Benyoucef B., Charles J.-P., Zerdoum R., and Trari M. Minimization of the effect of the collecting grid in a solar cell based silicon. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 87 (2005) 557-565
18. Cohen S.S. Contact resistance and methods for its determination. Thin Solid Films 104 (1983) 361-379
19. Liao H.-H., Yang C.-M., Liu C.-C., Horng S.-F., Meng H.-F., and Shy J.-T. Dynamics and reversibility of oxygen doping and de-doping for conjugated polymer. J. Appl. Phys. 103 (2008) 104506
20. Hoshino S., Yoshida M., Uemura S., Kodzasa T., Takada N., Kamata T., and Yase K. Influence of moisture on device characteristics of polythiophene-based field-effect transistors. J. Appl. Phys. 95 5 (2004) 5088
21. Chabinyc M.L., Street R.A., and Northrup J.E. Effects of molecular oxygen and ozone on polythiophene-based thin-film transistors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 (2007) 123508
22. Egelhaaf H.-J., Lüer L., Oelkrug D., Winter G., Haisch P., and Hanack M. Influence of oxygen doping on the photoconductivity of pi-conjugated molecules. Synth. Met. 84 (1997) 897-898
23. Lüer L., Egelhaaf H.-J., Oelkrug D., Cerullo G., Lanzani G., Huisman B.-H., and Leeuw D.d. Oxygen-induced quenching of photoexcited states in polythiophene films. Org. Electron. 5 (2004) 83-89
24. Lee C.H., Yu G., Kraabel B., Moses D., and Srdanov V.I. Effects of oxygen on the photocarrier dynamics in a C60 film: studies of transient and steady-state photoconductivity. Phys. Rev. B 49 15 (1994) 10572-10576
25. Habuchi H., Nitta S., Han D., and Nonomura S. Localized electronic states related to O2 intercalation and photoirradiation on C60 films and C70 films. J. Appl. Phys. 87 12 (2000) 8580-8588
26. Könenkamp R., Priebe G., and Pietzak B. Carrier mobilities and influence of oxygen in C60 films. Phys. Rev. B 60 16 (1999) 11804-11808
27. Jarrett C.P., Pichler K., Newbould R., and Friend R.H. Transport studies in CeO and C60/C70 thin films using metalinsulatorsemiconductor field-effect transistors. Synth. Met. 77 (1996) 35-38
28. Tapponnier A., Biaggio I., and Günter P. Ultrapure C60 field effect transistors and the effect of oxygen exposure. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 (2005) 112114
29. Arai T., Murakami Y., Suematsu H., Kikuchi K., Achiba Y., and Ikemoto I. Resistivity of single crystal C60 and effect of oxygen. Solid State Commun. 84 8 (1992) 827-829
30. Kaiser M., Maser W.K., Byrne H.J., Mittelbach A., and Roth S. Photoconductivity of thin films fullerenes; effect of oxygen and thermal annealing. Solid State Commun. 87 4 (1993) 281-284
31. Katz E.A., Faiman D., Mishori B., Shapira Y., Shames A.I., Shtutina S., and Goren S. Changes in the photoelectrical properties and generation of photoinduced defects under light/air exposure of C60 thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 84 6 (1998) 3333-3337
32. Hamed A., Sun Y.Y., Tao Y.K., Meng R.L., and Hor P.H. Effects of oxygen and illumination on the in situ conductivity of C60 films. Phys. Rev. B 47 16 (1993) 10873-10880
33. K.M. Creegan, J.L. Robbins, W.K. Robbins, J.M. Millar, R.D. Sherwood, P.J. Tindall, D.M. Cox, J.P. McCauley, R.T. Gallagher, Synthesis and Characterization of Cm0, the First Fullerene Epoxide, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114(3) (1992) 1103-1107.
34. Eklund P.C., Rao A.M., Zhou P., Wang Y., and Holden J.M. Photochemical transformation of C and C, films. Thin Solid Films 257 (1995) 185-203
35. Glatthaar M., Mingirulli N., Zimmermann B., Ziegler T., Kern R., Niggemann M., Hinsch A., and Gombert A. Impedance spectroscopy on organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells. Phys. Stat. Sol. A 202 11 (2005) R125-R127